I-Polyonis fern yisitshalo esithandwa kakhulu esivame ukutholakala emahlathini acwebile ne-coniferous eNyakatho Hemisphere. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezimbili ze-fern, ezihlukile emhlobiso futhi zingasetshenziswa kokubili ekutshalweni kwensimu nasekhaya.
Uyazi? E-US, i-fern polynyadorny ingaphansi kokuvikelwa, futhi eRussia ibhalwe ohlwini eNcwadini Ebomvu.Kulesi sihloko sizobheka indlela yokunakekela kahle i-fern elandelana ekhaya.
Umugqa owaningi: incazelo ye-fern yangaphakathi
I-fern imigqa eminingi inencazelo elandelayo: i-rhizome iyigqinsi, iyindilinga, idala iphuzu elilodwa lokukhula, amagatsha e-rhizome akhula kabi.
Cishe wonke umuntu ubonile futhi uyazi ukuthi u-fern ubheka kanjani. Amaqabunga e-fern kanzima, enza isakhiwo esifakwe emngcwabeni, esuka kwi-rhizome. Kutholakala kuma-petioles amancane, ifomu elikhomba, eliphikisiwe. Amaqabunga ayenesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza okomnyama, enezinwele ezimhlophe. Phakathi nendawo yeqabunga emanzini emithanjeni emnyama.
Ngisho ebusika, amaqabunga ama-fern ahlale eluhlaza. Engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga, ku-sporangia spores zikhula, ezitholakala emgqeni owodwa noma emibili, lokhu kwakuyigama lohlobo lwe-genre.
Ngokuyinhloko, lesi sitshalo sikhulile emhlabathini ovulekile, ngakho-ke umbuzo uvame ukuphakama: kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhule umlimi ekhaya? Okulandelayo, sibhekisisa kahle ukuthi singayenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo kulokhu.
Izimo zokutshala imigqa eminingi
Njengoba i-polynyadorny yokutshala indlu ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhulu. Ngisho noma i-fern ifakwa ekhoneni elikude lekamelo, ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga, kuyokhula kahle. Kudingeka ukuphuza isitshalo ngokulinganisela, futhi ukondla kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sibheka ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo ekukhuleni umugqa ohlukene.
Ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa nomswakama
Ngaphambi kokuba utshale inhlanzi, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanelekile. Ngokwemvelo, wonke ama-fern akhula emthunzini wezihlahla, futhi imigqa eminingi ayikho into. Uma indlu ihlala emthunzini oyingxenye, isitshalo siyozizwa sihle kakhulu.
Ngisho nasemthunzini ogcwele isihlahla sizokhula kahle, kodwa ngeke kube ukuhlobisa ngokugcwele.
Kubalulekile! Ebusika, isitshalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, singase singabi nelanga, lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuqondisa isibani ku-fern.Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sizwa sikhululekile ekushiseni kwe-+20 ° C. Uma ekamelweni lapho umugqa owodwa ukhula khona, izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-+24 ° C, lesi sitshalo kufanele sihambisane ne-atomizer. Ukushisa nomoya omile kwi polynyadorny kuthinta kabi. Ebusika nasekwindla, izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu lomuntu wesibhakabhaka lizoba okungenani + 15 ... +16 ° C.
Umswakama womoya ekamelweni lapho isitshalo esiqukethwe khona kufanele kube phezulu. Uma inomile kakhulu, i-polyniyadorny ingaqala ukwenza okuthile, ngakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungamnakekela kanjani kulokhu. Kuyinto elula: udinga ukufafaza amafern izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku ngamanzi ahlukanisiwe..
Uma udinga ukususa uthuli emaqabunga e-fern, ungakwenza lokhu ngeshazi, kanti ukucindezela kwamanzi kufanele kube buthakathaka. Umhlabathi wesitshalo kufanele uhlanganiswe nephakeji ukuvimbela amanzi ekufikeni lapho.
Izidingo kanye nenhlabathi okudingekayo yokutshala
Umhlabathi wokutshala ama-fern kufanele ube ne-acidic kancane. I-ekahle yayiyoba ingxube ye-peat, ishidi, inhlabathi ye-turf, ishlabathi kanye ne-humus. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto engaphelele futhi evulekile. 
Ikhono lokutshala i-fern kungcono ukhethe usayizi ophakathi, ukuze uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo lukhule ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lapho ukhetha ibhodlela, ukhetho kufanele lunikezwe labo lapho amanzi angeke ahlasele khona. Uma kungenjalo, i-fern endlini ingase ife noma igule. Uma ubona amabala amnyama noma amnyama emaqabunga, kusho ukuthi inhlabathi yesitshalo imanzi kakhulu.
Indlela yokutshala umugqa owodwa: indawo yokuzalanisa ingane
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukuthola ukuthi ama-ferns azalwa kanjani. Ekhaya, kunezindlela eziningana: ukukhiqizwa yizinhlamvu, ukwahlukanisa isihlahla, kanye nokusika kwe-rhizomatous. Ngemuva kokufakelwa komugqa ohlangene, qinisekisa ukuqapha ukugcinwa kwezinga eliphezulu lomswakama womhlabathi ukuze inhlabathi ingabe isomile.
Ukutshala ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla samahlathi
Ukutshala ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla - Lokhu kuyindlela efanele futhi engabizi kakhulu yokuzalisa ama-ferns. Ukuze yonke into iphumelele, ama-rosettes amancane asetshenziselwa kahle. Kumele uqaphele kakhulu futhi uma ukuhlukanisa isitolo esivela kumuntu omdala akulimazi umnxeba. 
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elifanayo lomhlaba lihlala ebhodweni njengoba kwakunjalo. Ukuze ukhiqizwe ngokuphumelelayo, izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuhlinzeka umoya omswakama, kuze kube ngu-75%, uma kungenjalo umoya omile nomhlaba uyoba yingozi kumuntu.
Kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-rhizomes cuttings
Ukusakaza ekamelweni polynomovnik rhiznimichnymi cuttings - Lena yindlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu engadingi umzamo omkhulu. Kule ndlela, sebenzisa izingane ezincane-izindawo ezivela eduze kwesihlahla esikhulu.
Kufanele bahlukaniswe ngokucophelela kanye nengxenye encane ye-rhizome bese efakwa ebhodweni. Emva kwalokhu, isihlahla esincane sifuna izimo zokushisa. Ngalokhu kukhiqizwa, akuzona zonke izitshalo eziqhamukayo, kodwa lena yindlela esheshayo futhi elula kakhulu.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Spore
Abaningi sebezwile ngale ndlela, njengasendle, izinhlobo zokuzalisa ngezinhlamvu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezimo zasekhaya kuyinkqubo ende futhi enzima kakhulu. Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi abajwayele ukusebenzisa le ndlela yokusakazwa, ngoba ayifanele. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kwemigqa eminingi, kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingenhla, ikakhulukazi uma ungumhloli weziqalo.
Izici ukunakekela ama-fern ekhaya
I-fern emigqeni eminingi iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke ukutshala nokukunakekela ekhaya ngeke kukuthathe isikhathi esiningi. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sibe nenempilo futhi sihle, kwanele ukulandela izincomo ezilula. Uma ukutshala kwenziwe ngendlela efanele, ingxenye enkulu yokunakekelwa izobe isetshenziswe ngesikhathi.
Zingaphindwa kangakanani ukugeza amanzi amaningi
I-poliorodnik ithanda kakhulu inhlabathi enomhlabathi, ngakho-ke inhlabathi yokukhula okujwayelekile kwe-fern kufanele ihlale imanzi. Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo ukuphuza isitshalo kuyadingeka emva kokuphakama komhlabathi kwakumile.
I-autumn nobusika Ukuphuza kufanele kwenziwe emva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezimbili emva kokumisa phezulu kwenhlabathi. Amanzi asetshenziselwa ukushisa ekamelweni, ahlukaniswe. Umswakama ongaphezulu ngokweqile ungabangela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Ukugqoka polnogoryadnik
Amakhomikhali e-organic and amaminerali asetshenziselwa ukudla okungeziwe. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti, njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kungcono ukuthatha ingxenye yomanyolo ngesigamu semali esiboniswe imiyalelo. Ebusika nasekwindla, lesi sitshalo asidingi ukudla okungeziwe.
Ukufakelwa kwe-fern ekhaya
Phakathi kwezingqinamba zokunakekela i-fern yangaphakathi, indawo ekhethekile igcwele ukufakelwa kabusha. Kuyadingeka uma ibhodlela lapho isitshalo sitholakale selincane kakhulu. Umhlabathi kungcono ukukhetha okukhona lapho kunesihlabathi, i-peat, i-leaf soil kanye ne-humus. Ingxube enjalo ingatholakala ekuthengisweni.
Uyazi? Abalimi bemifino abanolwazi bathi kungcono ukutshala igumbi lokushisa entwasahlobo, ngakho-ke lizosiqeda ngokushesha, ngeke lilimaze, futhi ukunakekelwa ekhaya kuncishisiwe.Ukufakelwa kabusha imbiza kuyadingeka ngobukhulu obuphakathi, ukujula okujulile nokubanzi. Ngaphambi kokuthulula umhlaba kuwo, phansi kumele kugcwaliswe amanzi. Ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande, i-fern ingcono kakhulu ukuba ibeke ngesandla, ngaphandle kokudonsa umhlaba kusukela ezimpandeni.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko ekukhuleni imigqa eminingi ekhaya
Nakuba ulayini obuningi nesitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ukukhula kungaba inkinga yokunakekelwa okungalungile. Uma amaqabunga e-fern ephenduka aphuzi futhi ngokushesha ayeka ukukhula kwawokusho ukuthi umoya ekamelweni lapho i-polynyadnik etholakala khona isomile kakhulu.
Lapho kutholakala ilanga eliqondile phezu kwesitshalo amaqabunga abe ama-drooping, a-lethargic futhi aphelile. Ukubukeka kwe-fern ekhaya kungase kube nzima nakakhulu ukushisa, ukushisa okuphansi, ukuphuza isitshalo ngamanzi angenalutho.
Amahlamvu angabuna, aphenduke aphuzi, aphephe futhi awele. Isihlangu se-Dummy noma i-shieldfish yizilokazane eziwaziwayo ezingathinta ama-fern.
Kubalulekile! Ungakwazi ukubona inkathazo uma ubona ama-plaque omnyama emaqabunga.Ukucubungula izitshalo sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile "Actellic". Phatha imigqa eminingi kufanele ibe izikhathi ezingu-3 nge-interval of days 7-10.
I-flower fern yasekhaya ingaba isitshalo esihle kakhulu esingaphakathi, nokuthi ngabe ukuyigcina ekhaya kusondela kuwe.
