Ngamaphupho ehlobo ehlala ehlobo ukubona izithelo ezinhle zasebukhosini ensimini yakhe, noma, njengoba zibhalwa empilo yansuku zonke, - i-roses. Lezi yizilimo ezingenasisindo, ezomile ezizohlobisa noma yikuphi izwe. Uma umlimi engadini ephethe izihlahla eziningana zasendle zasendle, ke uma efuna, uzokuphumelela ngokuziphendulela zibe umhlobiso omuhle wensimu yakhe.
Uyazi? Izithelo zasendle zasendle - rose rose, aqukethe vitamin C ngaphezulu kuka ulamula.Ukuhlaziya umbuzo wokuthi ungatshala kanjani i-rose ngenja ye-dog, umuntu kufanele abhekisele emfundisweni ekhethekile ngesinyathelo-by-step, equkethe ngokuphelele kulesi sihloko.
Ukuqoqa ama-Roses: I-Theory of Theory
Ukufakelwa kabusha kunendlela enhle yokuthola i-varietal roses emihle ngesikhathi esishesha kakhulu futhi ngezindleko ezincane. 
Imibandela yobuchwepheshe
Ukuze uqonde ngokushesha ukuthi yini le ndaba futhi uqonde ukuthi kufanele utshale kahle kanjani i-rose enhlokweni yasendle, kufanele uqale uqonde amagama athile.
Budding - lokhu ukuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo, yindlela okuyiyo isamba esikhule ngokukhethekile (esimweni sethu - inja) inoculate i-rose bud, i-peephole.
Uyazi? Imbewu yama-roses ayifuni ukusabalalisa, njengoba nje, njengomthetho, ayilondolozi "ukukhula."Ukuhambisana kwe-rootstock kanye ne-scion kubaluleke kakhulu esikhathini esizayo sembali yasebukhosini, ukusebenza kwayo, ukuzinza nokuqina kuyoba ngokuqondile kuyo. Ngokuhambisana kahle, izitshalo zikhula kahle, zithuthukise kahle futhi zithuthukise ukukhula.
Kungani i-roses izalwa inja rose
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi i-rosebush esekhulile inokuqala ivuselelwa njengenja rose. Into eyinhloko ukubamba isikhathi sokuthi "ukuhlukumezeka" ngesikhathi futhi ukwenza konke okusemandleni okuvuselela imbali emangalisayo.
Uma i-rose blooms, akunakwenzeka ukuyidibanisa nenja ye-rose, inembali enkulu yokuqala eyinqwaba yamacembe, futhi izimbali zenja inja zidumile ngamhlophe, i-cyclamen shades futhi ifomu izithelo ezidliwayo ezidliwayo.
Uma utshala i-calendula kanye ne-marigold eduze ne-rose, lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni kakhulu inani lezizinambuzane ezinjengezimbulunga, amakhikthi nama-nematodes.
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuphenduka inja rose azihambisani nomlimi wensimu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulima kanye nokusika izimbali ezingafanele, kanye nokungcwaba okungalungile lapho utshala endaweni engapheli.Kubalulekile! Ngokungafani nezitshalo ezikhulile kwi-rootstocks, i-roses eyakhe-emzimbeni ayilokothi iguquke.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphatha ngokucophelela izimbonakaliso zokuqala zokuzikhandla, ukulungisa amaphutha okwenziwe ngangokunokwenzeka nokunikeza ukunakekelwa okunempilo kwesiko.
Imiyalo yokuhluma
Ukuze uqhubeke ngokuqondile engxenyeni ebaluleke kunazo zonke ye-athikili, okungukuthi, imiyalo yokuhluma, kubalulekile ukubheka ezinye izidingo ezibalulekile. 
Indlela yokukhetha isitoko esifanele
Isimpande sokuxhunyelelwa kumele sikhethwe ngokumelana nokushisa okubusika, kanye nokuphikiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene nezifungi.
Kubalulekile! Isibonelo esihle kakhulu samasheya enhle yi-dog rose (i-R.kanina), iqinile futhi ineminwe embalwa, okuyinto kunzima ukusebenza ngenxa yengozi enkulu.Izimpande zezinyathelo, ezisetshenziselwa ukuqhuma, ngokuvamile zikhethwe ngobuningi obungaphezu kuka-7 mm, okungenani unyaka owodwa ubudala.
Ukulungiselela i-rose bud
Uma sicabangela inguqulo yehlobo yokuwela, ama-cutting cuttings (ama-graft) avunwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokukhethwa.
Ukuze kuhlwanyelwe i-spring, lapho amaqabunga engakaqedwa, ama-cuttings alungiswa kusukela ekwindla sekwephuzile noma kusukela ekuqaleni kwebusika, futhi ngokuvamile agcinwe esiqandisini noma esiteji, ehlanganiswe ifilimu ekushiseni koku-+1 kuya ku -4 ° C.
I-Geranium, i-rue, i-thyme, i-tansy ne-smell yayo ye-aphid-enye yezinambuzane ezicasulayo ze-roses.
Incazelo yenqubo
Ukuwela kufanele kwenziwe ngamathuluzi alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile lokhu, okungukuthi ummese obrasive (obukhali futhi ohlanzekile) kanye ne-tape engaba ngu-30 cm ubude futhi angabi ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm ububanzi.
- Ukuze balungiselele inqubo yokuhlanganiswa, basusa umhlaba kusukela ezinkalweni, basule intamo (iphuzu lapho impande ixhuma khona) nge-rag noma nge-napkin, bese wenza ukuchotshozwa okufana noT kuyo.
- Khona-ke esibambisini esilungisiwe udinga ukuhlukanisa i-flap bese uyisika kancane, ukuhlukanisa ihlumela ne-petiole.
- Inja rose, nge tip of ummese, aveze emaphethelweni ukukhishwa eyenziwe futhi, ngokubambelela ngokucophelela petiole, faka izinso zibe incision.
- Manje udinga ukucindezela ngokuqinile izinso ezikhuni futhi uzimisele ngokwanele ukubopha indawo yokugoma. Iso kufanele lishiywe mahhala.
Ngale ndlela ungasakaza i-roses yase-English, ama-roses amahlathi, ama-roses ama-Floribund, ama-rose ama-Double, ama-roses we-cover, ama-rose roses, i-roses yaseCanada, efunde ngokuningiliziwe amaphutha lapho ekhula i-roses, ubuqili bokulungiselela i-roses ebusika, izici ze-rose fertilizer, yiziphi izifo eziyingozi kakhulu nezivamile ze-roses Kanye nezinambuzane ze-roses, ungahlela insimu yasebusika yasebusika yase-pink eduze kwendlu.Spud inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe yama-rosehip. Ikhwalithi yokuzalanisa eyenziwa ngokuwela ivame ukuhlolwa emva kwamasonto ambalwa. Futhi uma ihlumela liluhlaza, kanti i-petiole yeqabunga ayisekho, konke kuvele ngendlela efanele.
Ukuhamba kwe-T kanye nokuhluma ku-butt: umehluko
Njengoba wazi, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuqhakaza - ezakhiwe ngo-T naku-"butt", futhi kukhona umehluko phakathi kwabo. Indlela yokwenza i-T-notch inoculation kulesi sihloko inikezwe ngenhla. Kodwa i-budding e-"butt" iyenzeka uma kwenzeka amagxolo ehle kakhulu ngemuva, futhi uma kunzima ukwenza ukuqubuka okufana ne-T. 
Kubalulekile! Yona indlela yokubeka imali kwisabelomali "kulula kakhulu inqubo yokubulawa. Ukugonywa kungenziwa okweqile, kepha ekushiseni akungaphansi kuka-15 °C.
Ukukhishwa kwama-roses ajwayelekile
I-rose ejwayelekile inekhanda elihle elihle, elisezingeni elihle kakhulu (trunk). Ukuhlangabezana nobuhle bokuhlobisa akunakwenzeka endle, kukhule kuphela ngabalimi abanekhono.
Ulwazi mayelana nokutshala i-rose ngenja-rose manje lungatholakala kumasayithi amaningi e-intanethi, kodwa lesi sihloko siqukethe ulwazi olunembile kakhulu nolwaziwe. Imikhakha yokukhetha yezinyosi ezifanele zama rose ukuhluma ziyisisekelo esifanayo nezinye izinhlobo:
- ubusika obunzima;
- ukuhambisana kwemvelo ne "indlovukazi yensimu";
- ikhono lokunikeza iqonde eliqondile futhi elibushelelezi;
- izimpande ezinamandla;
- ukumelana okukhulu nezifo nezinambuzane;
- amahlumela aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo.
Kubalulekile! Kulula kakhulu ukutshala esiqwini kunezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isayithi lokuxhunyezwa alihlangene nomhlabathi, ngoba liphakeme ngaphezu komhlaba, futhi ngokufanele, ukusika kuhluma kangcono.Ukuhluma ama-roses ajwayelekile kudinga izakhi ezimbili - amaqabunga ama-rose (shtamb) kanye nama-2-3 efihlekile (ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kwe-bark flap) evela kumlimi. Isitokisi (shtamb) ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa ihlanzwa, isula futhi ukubunjwa kwe-T kwenziwe emagqumeni avela ngenhla. Ngenkathi yokwenza ukuchotshozwa, umese womkhonto awufanele ususwe masinyane, kodwa izingqimba ezingakwesokunxele nezingakwesokudla zegxolo kumele zisuswe kancane futhi isihlangu sifakwe ngokucophelela.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-flap ingahambelani ngokuphelele ekunqunyiwe, ingxenye yayo engaphezulu kufanele iqedwe.Ngemuva kokufaka iso, amagxolo kufanele agxilwe futhi aphucwe ifilimu yeplastiki mayelana nobude obuyi-20 cm no-1 cm ububanzi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuxhumana okusheshayo phakathi kwe-trunk nesihlangu. Njengokwesikhamo sokuhluma i-bud, i-stem rose ithatha izimpande emavikini angu-2-4, kanti izinso kufanele zihlume kahle, futhi iqabunga elinomthelela obala ukuwa. Uma izinso, ngokuphambene nalokho, ziphendulela ezimnyama futhi zimile, yebo, ukusebenza akuphumelelanga. Kulesi simo, ukuqhuma kungabuyekezwa.
Imithi yokugoma yasemuva
Cabangela izici eziyinhloko zokugoma entwasahlobo. Ukuhluma entwasahlobo, izivuno zivunwa ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwebusika ukuze zivuthwe kahle futhi zingalimazwa yiqhwa. Umuthi wokugoma wamanzi entwasahlobo uhle ngoba unikeza imiphumela esheshayo, ekupheleni kwenkathi ihlathi elihle selivele likhula. Lokhu kugonywa kuthiwa "ukuhluma ngehlo lokuhluma." Ibuye ikunikeze ithuba lokuphinda uphinde uphonse ukuhluma okubi konyaka odlule.
Imicengezi, amabellane akhula, ama-host, i-rookewee, i-stonegrass, i-stonecrop, i-styloid bryus, i-stylox phlox-izohlala ngokugcwele ne-roses.
Izici zokugoma ehlobo
Ezinye izici zokugoma ehlobo:
- Ukusabalalisa kwehlobo kwama roses ngokuhlanganiswa kwenziwa kusukela maphakathi noJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti;
- Ukuze kuqhutshwe i-budding ngesikhathi sehlobo, kuyadingeka ukuthola isitoko entwasahlobo noma ekwindla;
- ngaphambi kokuziqhayisa, kubalulekile ukuphuza isitokisi njalo, lokhu kuzokwenza kube nokunyakaza okunamandla ama-nutrient emagqabeni, ukuguquguquka kwezinkuni nokugcoba kwayo, kanye nokwenza lula ukuhlukaniswa kwamagxolo enqubo.
Amaphuzu avelele ebusika ebusika
Ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukutshala i-rose ebusika. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu kuphakathi kuka-Disemba. Cabanga ngamaphuzu aphambili lapho ubusika bewela:
- ngaphambi kwenkambiso, i-cuttings kanye nesitokisi kufanele zifudumele kahle;
- khona-ke kufanele uthathe ama-cuttings we-cuttings, amehlo amabili noma amathathu kufanele ashiywe;
- ngemuva kokwenza i-budding (bheka ngenhla), ukuhlanganiswa kumele kufakwe iparafini ecibilikile kuze kube sezingeni lefilimu;
- izithombo zezinhlamvu bese uzigcina emabhokisini;
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo kumele zibe endaweni eqondile, izimpande phansi.
- izimpande kufanele zifafazwe nge-sawdust emanzi futhi zigcinwe amasonto amabili okuqala ngo-12-15 ° С.
