IHatiora iyindlela ethandekayo yaphakade ezoheha abathandi be-tropical exoticism. Lolu hlobo lomndeni wakwaCactus lubandakanya izitshalo ezinamahlumela we-cylindrical branched afana namathambo, amabhodlela amancane noma amakhorali. Isitshalo esinjalo esiyinkimbinkimbi sifana nomfokazi osendaweni engaphandle, kepha simelela ngokuphelele izimbali, okulula ukusikhulisa ekhaya. UHatorio uhlala emahlathini aqhakaza ashisayo aseArgentina, eBrazil nase-Uruguay.
Incazelo yezitshalo
IHatiora isitshalo esihlala sikhona emhlabeni nesinezixhaxha zezimpande ezingafani nalutho. Amahlumela aqukethe izigaba eziluhlaza ngokuphelele, phakathi kwazo izimpande zomoya ezingatheni nazo zingakheka. Lokhu kuvumela isitshalo ukuthola umswakama kanye nezakhi zomzimba zomoya. I-Cactus inikeza ukukhula okuncane konyaka. Ngeminyaka emihlanu, ukuphakama kwawo kungama-15-35 cm kuphela, nangeshumi - 50-180 cm.
Izingxenye zeHatori zingama-cylindrical ngesimo futhi zingavuvukala ngandlela thile. I-peel green green egqamile kumahlumela amadala ithola itshe elinombala onsundu futhi aqhekeke kancane. Phezu kwama-lobes, kuphakama ama-papillae amhlophe amhlophe - iziqaqa zomzimba zommeleli ongajwayelekile we-genus Cactus. Amagatsha ama-Shoots aqine futhi ashesha, kepha angathanda ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo futhi adinga ukuxhaswa.
AmaHatiora aqhakaza entwasahlobo njengoba usuku landa. Emaphethelweni amahlumela avele izimbali ezincane ze-tubular ezinama-petals acishe apinki noma aphuzi. Izimbali zingahlala amasonto ambalwa. Izinyanga ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokuqothuka kwamahlumela, kuvela amajikijolo anesikhumba esibonakalayo kumathiphu amahlumela.
Izinkolelo-ze nezimpawu
I-cactus kaHachior, ngenxa yokuma kwayo okuxakile, yathola amagama amaningi ayiziteketiso angajwayelekile. Ubizwa ngokuthi "amathambo okudansa," "iphupho lesidakwa," "izinyembezi zesilisa." Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze ezihambisana ne-hatiora zithi ikwazi "ukusinda" indoda ekhaya. Imindeni lapho imbali ikhula khona ingahle ihlukane. Ochwepheshe abaningi babona izitatimende ezinjalo ngenhlekisa.
Ingabe kufanele ngilahle injabulo yokuba nesitshalo esingajwayelekile kangako ekhaya ngenxa yamahemuhemu angaqinisekisiwe? Ukukholelwa kuzinkolelo-ze noma cha kuyibhizinisi lawo wonke umuntu. Kepha noma ngubani owesabayo, kwanele ukungafaki imbiza egumbini lokulala noma kwelinye igumbi lapho indoda ichitha khona isikhathi sayo esiningi.
Izinhlobo ze-Hatoria
Uhlobo lwe-hatiora aluningi, izitshalo ezi-4 kuphela ezifakiwe kuzo. Zonke zitshalwa futhi zitholakala ngentengiso.
IHatiora ipinki. Amahlumela atholakalayo aqukathe izingxenye eziphansi ezimbozwe ngesikhumba esiluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza obunamabala. Ubude be-lobe abudluli kuma-25 mm, ukhulume izimbambo ezingasasebenzi kahle. Ama-areares angavamile ambozwe izinwele ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Emaphethelweni amahlumela, izimbali ezinhle ze-tubular ezinefomu emincane ephinki. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bungama-4 cm.
Hatior Gartner. Ama-drooping amahlumela amafushane aqukethe izingxenye ezincane zombala oluhlaza obumnyama. Amasheya ayancwecwa futhi amemezele amanothi. Izimbali ezingama-apical ezizodwa ezinobubanzi obungu-4-5 cm zipendwe ngombala opinki.
IHatiora Germina. Ama-shoot aqukethe izingxenye eziphakeme ze-cylindrical ezinenombolo encane yezinqubo ezilandelanayo. Ubude besiswebhu bufika ku-30 cm noma ngaphezulu, futhi isabelo esisodwa singamasentimitha ayi-4,5-5. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, kubalwa inani elikhulu le-raspberry buddha elingamasentimitha ayi-2,5 cm.
IHatiora ingamanzi kasawoti. Ama-cylindrical amahlumela ambozwe ngesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amagatsha aqondile futhi anezihlahla ezinotshani obukhulu. Amasheya angama-25-28 mm ubude atholisiwe ngxenye eyodwa futhi afane namabhodlela amancane. Iqhakaza ngamahlumela amancane amancane aphuzi okwenziwe insimbi.
Izindlela zokuzala
Isitshalo se-hator sisakazeka ngokushelela ekhaya. Kungcono ukwenza inqubo entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, phakathi nesikhathi semifino esebenzayo. Kwanele ukuhlukanisa ihlumela le-apical nge-lobes engu-2-4. Akufanele inqunywe, kepha iphulwe noma ingakhucululwa emngceleni we izingxenye. Ama-cutways omisiwe emoyeni amahora amaningi, bese egxila enhlabathini olunesihlabathi se-peat.
Lesi sitshalo sigcinwa endaweni efudumele enelanga elonakalisiwe. Inhlabathi kufanele inyanyiswe ngokunakekelwa. Ukhula lwengozi kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Izingxenye ezithile, eziwela kude nesitshalo somama, ziqala ukuzisika.
Imbewu ethengiwe ingahlwanyelwa ezitshalweni zasentwasahlobo, noma kunjalo, le ndlela yokulima inzima kakhulu. Umlimi onolwazi kuphela ongakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle. Imbewu ilahlekelwa ukumila kwayo ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kudingeka ihlwanyelwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa amapuleti ngengxube ye-sand-peat. Izitshalo zimane nje zichithe inhlabathi bese zimboza ngefilimu. Gcina abamba ukushisa endaweni efudumele (+ 20 ... + 22 ° C). Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-4. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithombo zihlelwa kabusha kufasitela elikhanyayo, kepha indawo yokukhosela isuswa kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-2, izijwayele izitshalo ukuba zingabikho. Izithombo esezikhulile zingangena ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukene.
Imithetho Yokudlulisa
Izimbali zasendlini zomphangi zivame ukukubona ukufakelwa. Ama-cacti amancane atshalwa minyaka yonke, futhi nabantu abadala abaningi - kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Imbiza yedokhumorha kumele ikhethwe ibanzi, kepha hhayi ngokujula kakhulu, ngoba i-rhizome iseduze kobuso. Amapulangwe, izingcezu zobumba noma zezitini ezandisiwe kufanele zibekwe phansi ngaphansi kwethangi ukuze amanzi amaningi angahlali emhlabathini.
Inhlabathi ye-hatori kufanele ibe nokusabela okuncane okune-acidic noma ukungathathi hlangothi. Ngoba ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kusetshenzisiwe:
- i-lowland peat (izingxenye ezi-2);
- umhlaba oxegayo (izingxenye ezi-6);
- umhlaba we-turf (ingxenye eyi-1);
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo (izingxenye ezi-2);
- umhlaba we-humus (izingxenye ezi-4).
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunakekela i-hator ekhaya ngeke kube yinkinga enkulu. Lesi sitshalo asinambulelo futhi silungele iziqalo.
Isibani I-Hatior kufanele itshalwe emakamelweni anokukhanya okukhanya okugqamile. Udinga amahora amade okukhanya kwelanga. Ungayibeka efasiteleni lasempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga, noma kude kude nefasitela. Ikhasi elipholile livikela ngokungatheni amandla elangeni lasemini.
Ukushisa komoya IHatiora ithanda okuqukethwe okupholile. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elilungile liyi + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Isikhathi esifudumele, kubalulekile ukuletha lesi sitshalo kuvulandi noma kuveranda, lapho ukuguquguquka kwemvelo emazingeni okushisa nsuku zonke kuzozuzisa i-hator.
Isikhathi sokuphumula. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, kunconyelwa ukudlulisa i-cactus egumbini elipholile elinokushisa komoya okungu-+ 15 ° C futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukuthambisa. Kungakapheli amasonto ayi-6, kuyadingeka ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukunisela inhlabathi. Kulokhu, kwakheka izimbali ezengeziwe zezimbali.
Umswakama. IHatiora ivumelana kalula nomswakama osendlini, kepha ngezinsuku ezishisayo idinga ukufafazwa noma ukugezwa kaningi ngaphansi kweseshini elifudumele.
Ukunisela. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nezimbali, kanye nangezinsuku ezishisayo, i-hator idinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Amanzi akufanele agxilile emhlabathini, futhi umhlaba phakathi kokunisela kufanele womiswe okwesithathu. Ngokupholisa, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimbali, umanyolo we-cacti usetshenziswa njalo ngenyanga emhlabathini. Ukwakheka kwe-nitrogen ephansi kufanele kukhethwe.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-hator isengozini yezifo zokukhunta. Uma izingxenye ezithambile zombala onsundu noma ompunga ezinephunga lokuola zitholakele, kufanele zisuswe futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa kwesikhunta. Ehlobo, emoyeni owomile, kukhona amathuba aphezulu okushaywa yi-whitefly, scabard, mealybug kanye nesicabucabu mite. Lesi sitshalo singageziswa ngaphansi kwesishizi esifudumele futhi siphathwe ngesixazululo sensipho yokuwasha. Uma inqubo ingasizanga, sebenzisa ama-insecticides ("Aktara", "Confidor").
