Ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo kokutshala ama-sitrobheli engadini

Ama-Strawberry (ama-sitrobheli asendle) - i-berry imnandi, iphilile futhi iyathandwa ngabaningi. Ngasikhathi sinjalo, isitshalo esidabukisayo futhi sidinga ukuhambisana nesethi yezinyathelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme okufanele ziqale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphandle kwalokho umlimi kufanele angaboni isivuno esiningi, futhi nezitshalo ngokwazo kufanele zibukeke zingasebenzi ngaphandle kokunakekelwa futhi ziyoba yisisulu sezilokazane nezifo.

Vuka, sitrobheli: izindlela zokunakekela zokuqala

Ukuze izihlahla ze-sitrobheli "zivuke" kusuka ebusika zilale bese ziqala ukukhula, yiqiniso, ukufudumala kuyadingeka. Uma intwasahlobo isematheni, khona-ke izitshalo zizoqala ukutshala ngaphambili. Kodwa izici zemvelo zodwa azanele ekuthuthukisweni okuphumelelayo kwama-sitrobheli engadi. Umlimi wegadi kuzofanele asebenze kanzima.

Ukuthola isivuno esihle kangaka sotshani bengadi, udinga ukuqala ukuyinakekela, ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa liwa

Lapho nje iqhwa lincibilika futhi umhlaba womile ngokwanele ukuze ufinyelele embhedeni we-sitrobheli, umsebenzi onjalo uqala:

1. Ukuhlanza okujwayelekile. Ezindaweni eziningi, ngaphandle kwaseningizimu, ama-sitrobheli abekelwa ebusika ukuze azivikele ekuqandeni. Ngembozo (semalching) impahla, benza lokhu:
   • Uma kusetshenziswa izigaxa zommbila, amahlamvu, utshani, okungukuthi, izingxenye zezitshalo, ziqoqwa futhi zishiswe. Futhi hhayi ezinqwabeni zomquba, noma njenge-mulch, azisafaneleki: cishe zathola isiphephelo noma izinsalela zesikhunta se-pathogenic, noma izinambuzane - abathandi bokudla kuma-sitrobheni. Kuvunyelwe ukuthi "ungakhumuli" i-mulch ejikelezayo ibe yindawo engenalutho, uma umnikazi wesayithi eqinisekile ukuthi zazimbalwa kakhulu izinambuzane kuma-sitrobheli ngonyaka odlule futhi balwa ngempumelelo nazo. Ekukhululweni kokuqala, le mulch ifafazwe kancane ngomhlaba, isebenzisa njengomanyolo.
   • Uma ama-sitrobheli embozwe ngefilimu, khona-ke idinga ukubulawa magciwane. Izingcezu ezincane zezinto ziyagezwa futhi zigcinwe kwikhambi le-sulfate yethusi, i-chloroxide, nendawo yokukhosela enkulu ziyakhishwa, zigezwe kahle ngensipho namanzi bese zifafazwa ngesikhunta esifanayo. Ifilimu ehlanzekile neyomile ingamboza imibhede uma isilungile.
2. Ukuhlanza izitshalo. Ukusuka ngaphansi kweqhwa, izihlahla zama-sitrobheli zibonakala zingasebenzi, zinamaqabunga omile, izinsalela zamadevu, mhlawumbe kwezinye izindawo kwakukhona izikejana ezingashayi eceleni. Zonke lezi zingxenye zezitshalo nazo ziyasuswa, kepha azidatshulwa, kodwa zinqunywe ngocelemba bengadi futhi zichitheke. Lokhu kungenziwa hhayi ngokushisa kuphela, kepha futhi ngokumba, mhlawumbe kude nemibhede ye-sitrobheli. Isiqubulo abanye abalimi nabalimi abasebenza kuso esithi "Konke oku komquba" ngama-sitrobheli akulungile futhi kungaba nemiphumela edabukisa kakhulu, ngoba leli bheri limnandi kakhulu futhi nomquba ngoba kufanele uqukethe izinto ezingenabungozi kwaphela.
   

   Amaqabunga omile nezinsalela zamadevu kufanele zisikwe ngokucophelela ngama-secateurs futhi zichithwe

3. Lapho imibhede ihlanjululwa futhi izihlahla sezihlanzekile, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhleleka kwazo okunengqondo. Ukomelela kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwezitshalo, ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izihlahla ezingama-sitrobheli zingangeni kahle umoya, zingasongelwa ngokubola okumpunga nokumhlophe kwesithelo. Ngakho-ke, zonke izitshalo ezinezimpawu zokugula, ukonakala, ukususwa okuncane ziyasuswa, bese kuthi amahlumela amasha athengwe noma azalwe ngonyaka ophelile amadevu atshalwe endaweni yamahhala. Amaphethini wokufika amahle kakhulu:
   • umugqa owodwa (50-60 cm umugqa ukusuka emugqeni nama-20-30 cm ngokulandelana phakathi kwezitshalo);
   • imigqa emibili (20 cm phakathi kwezihlahla, 30 cm phakathi kwemigqa, 70 phakathi kwemibhede).
     

     Ukutshala ngemuva kwe-15 cm ngokulandelana kusetshenziswa kancane futhi kuncane, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zama-sitrobheli, ezibonakala njalo emakethe, zine-rosette eneqabunga elinamandla futhi zinikeze izitshalo ezimbili ngonyaka, ngakho-ke, zidinga indawo enkulu yokudla.

4. Ukuvuselela kanye nokucebisa inhlabathi. Abanye abalimi bacebisa ukuthi kususwe inhlabathi engaphezulu ukuze izimpande zande. Kepha ama-sitrobheli asengadini anesici esiyingqayizivele: ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, kuqala "ukukhukhumala" ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke mhlawumbe kudinga ukungezwa emhlabathini omusha, ovundile kunokuba ususe owokuqala. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi iyathukululwa futhi ingezwe umquba obolile, i-humus (ibhakede ngalinye ngemitha yesikwele).
   

   Uma izimpande zesitshalo zingenalutho, udinga ukuzigcwalisa ngenhlabathi evundile noma nge-humus

5. Uma inhlabathi ikwazile ukoma, ngaphambi kokukhulula umbhede uniselwa kakhulu.
   

   Entwasahlobo, kungcono ukunisela ama-sitrobheli - lokhu kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwamaqabunga

Ukufaka umanyolo nokugoqeka

Lapho kwenziwa umanyolo emasimini, into esemqoka ukuthi ungawudli ngokweqile, uma kungenjalo ukulimala kuzobonakala kakhulu kunokuhle. Uma umbhede utshalwe ekwindla, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokondla izitshalo - umanyolo obekwe ngesikhathi sokutshala uzokwanela ukondla ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali.

Umquba omusha awunakungeniswa entwasahlobo. Okokuqala, ukweqisa kwayo kuzodala ama-sitrobheli ukuthi akhule amaqabunga, futhi kungatheli izithelo. Okwesibili, ngamabhishi e-ammonia ngokweqile "angasha". Futhi okwesithathu, umanyolo we-nitrogen ngokweqile wenza ama-sitrobheli wasengadini athambekele kalula ezifweni. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi umanyolo we-nitrogen nitrogen awudingeka. Ukondliwa kweNitrogen kungenziwa kusuka ku-mullein ngokuthatha isigamu se-litre yomanyolo ebhakedeni lamanzi, noma kusuka kumaphonji ezinyoni (ingxenye eyi-1 iye ezingxenyeni zamanzi eziyi-15, hhayi ngaphezulu). Ama-Mullein agcizelela amahora angama-3-4, ukungcola ukulungiswa okunjalo akudingekile Ngaphansi kwesihlahla, uthele kuze kufike ku-0.5 l wesisombululo.

Ungondla ama-sitrobheli ngomanyolo okhethekile, zingamaminerali ne-organic-mineral

Kubalulekile! Musa ukwandisa izinga lapho ukuthambisa sitrobheli ngomanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ukuze kungakhushulwa ukukhula ngokweqile kwesisindo seqabunga kulimaze izithelo.

Ukondla ngomlotha kuhlangene ne-superphosphate kuzothatha indawo yomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Izingilazi ezimbili zomlotha nedlanzana le-superphosphate emalitha ayi-10 amanzi zizogcwalisa izitshalo ngezinto zokulandela. I-Ash iwusizo kuma-sitrobheli nangefomu elomile. Ihluliwe, ingahlakazeka emaphasishi, kanye nasezihlahleni zempova, ngaleyo ndlela ibavikele kuma-aphid nakwezinye izivakashi ezingamenyiwe.

Labo abathanda amakhambi ezemvelo kufanele banake ukondla imvubelo (kusuka ku-isinkwa esofakwe emanzini), isixazululo se-1 litre le-Whey ebhakedeni lamanzi, noma ukumnika ukhula nokhula. Lawa makhambi asendle agcinwa emanzini izinsuku ezingama-4-5, abangele ukuvutshelwa, bese aniselwa ama-sitrobheli, achitha afinyelela kwilitha lokufakwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla.

Ngemuva kwazo zonke izindlela ze-agrotechnical, inhlabathi embhedeni we-sitrobheli kufanele ihlanganiswe ngezinto zemvelo noma zokufakelwa:

• ifilimu;
• indwangu engeyona;
• sawdust;
• utshani obunqunyiwe;
• utshani obomile
• umquba;
• iqabunga humus.

I-mulch ithululelwa ngesendlalelo esingu-4-7 cm, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu ukuze singaphazamisi ukufudumala kwenhlabathi yilanga

Enyakatho indawo ekhula nge-sitrobheli, ingcosana ye-mulch efafazwe entwasahlobo kufanele ibe njalo.

Silwa nezilokazane nezifo

Njengoba ama-sitrobheli asendle anambitha futhi enempilo, hhayi kuphela abanikazi bezakhiwo zasengadini, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane eziningi, kanye nama-slugs, bafuna ukujabulela izithelo zawo. Futhi izifo fungal azijwayelekile kuye. Njengoba wazi, lesi sifo kulula ukusivimbela kunokuphatha, futhi ama-sitrobheli awafani. Futhi lapho ukuvimbela kusenziwa ngokushesha, kuyophumelela kakhudlwana.

Ithebula: Izinambuzane zasengadini enotshani kanye nokulawula kwazo

Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta ama-sitrobheli yilezi:

• ukubola okumpunga nokumhlophe;
• i-verticillosis;
• I-Fusarium
• i-powdery isikhutha.

Lezi yizifo ezibangelwa isikhunta, futhi izindlela zokulawula ziyafana. Njengoba sikhuluma ngezikhathi zokuqala ukucutshungulwa, lapho kunesikhathi esiningi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, futhi nangaphezulu kakhulu ngaphambi kokuqala kwezithelo, izindlela zamakhemikhali zokuvikela zingasetshenziswa. Kepha ukubaluleka kwemithi yesintu ngeke kwehliswe, kwesinye isikhathi basindisa isivuno.

Isifutho sokuzivikela ezifweni senziwa ngalezi zindlela:

• Fundazole
• Horus
• UTopazi
• I-Fitosporin.

Abalimi abaningi balulekisa ukuchelela ama-sitrobheli ahlanzekile ngamanzi ashisayo nge-potanganum permanganate - lokhu kuchithe ubusika esihlahleni kanye nezinambuzane eziningi, kuhlanza lesi sitshalo ezifweni. Amanzi akufanele kube amanzi abilayo, kodwa cishe u-70-80 ° C.

Igalari yezithombe: izifo nezinambuzane zama sitrobheli ezingadini

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana nokhula okufika ngesikhathi, ukususwa kukhula, ukuthambisa. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukufaka izithombo zezihlahla zemboza izithombo zezihlahla zombili ngezinto ezenziwe ngemvelo (utshani, amahlamvu, iziqongo zepea, ubhontshisi), nangefilimu, i-agrofibre. Lesi sakamuva sithande kakhulu, ngoba sinezimbobo eziningi ezincane ezihlinzeka ngokudluliselwa kokushisa kanye nokufinyelela komoya ezimpandeni. Lezi zinyathelo zizokwenza ukuthi lesi sitshalo siqine, siqine, futhi izinambuzane ngeke zesabe.

Umphumela omuhle ekulweni nezifo kanye nezinambuzane eziyingozi unikezwa ngokutshala okuhlangene kwama-sitrobheni kanye no-anyanisi. I-Phytoncides ekhishwa anyanisi isindisa ezifweni eziningi, futhi imikhaza nama-nematode awuthandi iphunga lawo. AmaMarigolds, ama-lupins, uphizi futhi uxosha izinambuzane zesitrobheli.

Ukutshala okuhlangene kuka-anyanisi kanye nama-sitrobheli asendle kuya ngokuya kudumile

Ividiyo: ukucubungula ama-sitrobheli emva kobusika

Ukulungiswa kombhede wasentwasahlobo

Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo ka-sitrobheli, silungisa ingadi ngale ndlela:

1. Sicubungula isisombululo se-sulfate yethusi (2 tbsp.spoons ngebhakede lamanzi).
2. Gaya inhlabathi ube ngu 25-25 cm.
3. Gcoba umquba obunjiwe kahle, isixazululo se-mullein, udoti, umlotha.
4. Uma umhlaba womile, unisele (ngebhakede lamanzi ngesikwere samamitha).
5. Ngemuva kokunisela, ukhulula kancane umhlabathi nge-pitchfork, umpetha ukuze uqweqwe lungabi.

Ividiyo: ukunakekelwa kwesitrobheli esifanele

Njengoba besho, ngaphandle kobunzima ... ngeke kube khona berry elimnandi. Sebenza ekunakekelweni kwezihlahla zama-sitrobheli wasendle kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi lokhu kunengqondo. Lapho nje inqubo yezindlela zokuvimbela isenziwa masishane, kuba lula ukuthi izitshalo zizobe ziphilile, ziqine futhi zinikeze isivuno esihle.