IGuzmania ingca yotshani enesihloko esihle, esikhanyayo. Le mbali iyindilinga ngobukhulu futhi iyabukeka ngokubonakala, ngakho-ke ilungele ukulinyelwa ngaphakathi. IGuzmania ingeyomndeni wakwaBromilia, ohlanganisa izitshalo eziningi ezihlaba umxhwele. Kuvamile eCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Ama-Epiphytes nezitshalo zomhlaba ziyatholakala kuhlobo, ezivumelanisa kahle nezimo zasekhaya futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Kwanele ukulandela izincomo ezimbalwa ezilula futhi isitshalo siyojabulisa ngezimbali ezikhanyayo ngamaqabunga acocekile.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IGuzmania imvamisa ihlala ezihlahleni noma phakathi kwamatshe odwala. Ine-rhizome ehlangene, nomqhele ophansi. Isitshalo esidala sikhula ngama-25-80 cm ukuphakama. Isiqu izisekelo zamakhasi ezimise okwenziwe ngokuhlangana zitholakala enye ngaphezu kwesinye. Amahlamvu we-Sedentary wefomu elibunjiwe ngebhande angafika ubude obungamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-47. Ungaklama noma ugobile ku-arc. Amaqabunga avame ukuba nombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama.
Maphakathi nentwasahlobo, kwaqhamuka umgwaqo omude, onamanzi onama-broker aqhakazile aqhakaza obomvu, owolintshi noma ophuzi phakathi nendawo ye-rosette yamaqabunga. Isimo se-inflorescence sibizwa nge- "Sultan" ngokufana kwayo nesihloko sababusi basempumalanga. Izimbali ngokwazo azidonseli ukunakwa okuningi. Ama-miniature nimbuses akhiwe kuma-axils wama-brices aqhakazile.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, iziqu ezincane zembewu enezithombo eziningi ezincane zivuthwa esikhundleni sezimbali. Lapho izimbali ziphela, sonke isitshalo siqala ukufa. Ingenelwa yizingane kusuka ezinqubweni ze-lateral.
Izinhlobo zeGuzmania
Ezinhlotsheni eziyi-120 ze-guzmania kusiko, bambalwa kuphela abavamile. Namuhla kuqashelwa njengohlobo oluhehayo kakhulu mosaic guzmania. Amacembe amnyama abushelelezi amnyama amboza imichilo ekhanyayo. Ubude bethafa leqabunga bungafinyelela ku-80 cm nobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-7. Kuma-peduncle amancane, aminyene, ama broker akhonjisiwe aqoqeka, afana namaqabunga afushane. Anemibala e-raspberry noma epinki ekhanyayo. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi futhi zihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu.
Ijubane le-Guzmania. Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa umbala olula wamaqabunga amade. Baqhathanisa ngokuqinile namabhulaki obomvu akhanyayo.
Guzmania encane rondo. Isitshalo silungele abathandi bezimbali ezihlangene. Umqhele wayo awudluli ku-25 cm ukuphakama. Phezu kwe-rosette eminyene yamaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama kuphakama i-sultan encane ebomvu ekhanyayo.
UGuzmania Donatella Smith. Amaqabunga amade aqoqwa kuma-rosette aminyene okwakheke njengamapayipi afinyelela ku-30 cm. I-inflorescence enkulu enamabhulashi aphuzi noma owolintshi ikhuphuka ngaphezulu kwamahlamvu aluhlaza.
Guzmania Tsana. Kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke. Amaqabunga awo akhula aze afike ku-70 cm ubude futhi akha ihlumela elide nelinokulinganisa. I-sultan enkulu enamaphethelo obomvu noma e-orange inyuka ngaphezu kwawo.
IGuzmania ineqembu elilodwa. Amacembe ale nhlobo ambozwe imivimbo ephuzi. Umbala wamaqabunga aphezulu umnyama ngaphezu kwalawo aphansi. I-inflorescence emincane enjenge-spike enezimbali eziningi ezincane ezimhlophe ihlotshiswe ngamabhulokhi amafushane abomvu ansundu.
Ukuzala
Ngokuvamile, i-guzmania yangaphakathi isabalalisa ngezinqubo ze-basal (izingane). Ngemuva kwezimbali zokubuna nokufa kwesitshalo somama, ziba nokukhula ngamandla. Umjikelezo onjalo wokuphila uphawuleka kuzo zonke izitshalo zomndeni wakwaBromilia. Amahlumela akamuva atholakala noma ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, kepha akufanelekile ukubahlukanisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma sekufika izinyanga ezine, ukuphakama kwezingane kuvame ukufika ku-15 cm. Manje zinganqunywa. Kungcono ukukwenza entwasahlobo. Amahlumela amancane kufanele vele abe nezimpande ezincane. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa amabhodwe amancane anomhlabathi wezitshalo zabantu abadala.
Ukukhulisa i-guzmania kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kudingeka umzamo owengeziwe. Izinto zokutshala zingathengwa noma ziqoqwe ngokuzimela. Ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele iphathwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese. Izitshalo zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwengxube ye-sand-peat. Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu noma ngengilazi futhi ishiywe egumbini elinokushisa komoya okungaba ngu- + 25 ° C. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, kuvela amahlumela amancane aluhlaza, bese kuthi ngemuva kwenye inyanga angadonswa futhi atshalwe kabusha ezimbizeni ezihlukile.
Ukufakelwa eGuzmania
IGuzmania ayidingi ukufakelwa okujwayelekile. Izimpande zayo ezintekenteke kulula ukuzilimaza, ngakho-ke ungasiphazamisi isitshalo ngokungadingekile. Lapho imbiza yesihlahla nezingane incane kuphela lapho umuntu athathe isitsha esisha. Ukuthenga isitsha esijulile akudingekile, ngoba i-rhizome itholakala ebusweni. Ungqimba obukhulu bokudonsa lubekwa phansi phansi kwethangi. Izingxenye ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi:
- umhlaba wefudu;
- Peat;
- sphagnum moss;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- izingcezu zegxolo likaphayini.
Inhlabathi kumele ithambe futhi ibe nomsoco. Musa ukuyiphazamisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokutshala. Futhi, ungagxili ngokweqile indawo ephumayo.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Indoor guzmania idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kwansuku zonke. Indima ebalulekile idlalwa ngokukhethwa kwendawo efanelekile yezitshalo. Kufanele ikhanyiswe ngokulinganisa ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Kodwa i-guzmania ngeke ilinyazwe ngumthunzi oyingxenye.
Ukushisa komoya unyaka wonke kufanele kube kububanzi + 18 ... + 25 ° C. Ukupholisa ngaphansi kuka-17 + C kuyalimaza isitshalo. Ehlobo, ungathatha izimbali ziye engadini enomthunzi, kepha udinga ukuvikeleka okuthembekile kokusalungiswa.
IGuzmania ijwayelekile emahlathini ashisayo, ngakho idinga umswakama ophezulu. Kunconywa ukufafaza umqhele kwibhodlela lokufafaza nsuku zonke bese uligeza njalo ngezikhathi zokugeza. Uma kungenzeka, imbiza kufanele ibekwe eduze kwe-aquarium, umthombo noma omunye umthombo wamanzi.
IGuzmania kufanele iniselwe ngokulinganayo. Kungcono ukomisa umhlaba kancane kunokuwunisela. Izimpande ezibuthakathaka zibola kalula. Ukunisela, kufanele usebenzise amanzi athambileko, futhi ahlala kahle ekushiseni kwegumbi namtjhana afudumele kancani. Uketshezi aluthelwa emhlabathini, kodwa maphakathi nendawo yokuphuma kwamaqabunga.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza, njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20, i-guzmania kufanele ivundiswe. Isixazululo esikahle kungaba ukusebenzisa ukwakheka okukhethekile kwamaBromilievs. Umanyolo ojwayelekile usetshenziswa kumthamo wesigamu. Umuthi ufakwe emanzini bese amaqabunga esitshalo efafazwa ngawo. Ingxenye yesisombululo ingathululelwa enhlabathini.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
I-Guzmania enisela ngokweqile noma ukumanzi ibonakala kalula ezifweni zokukhunta. Kunzima kakhulu ukusindisa isitshalo esinegciwane, ngakho-ke kufanele ulandele imithetho ngokuqinile ukuze usinakekele.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, amabala, izimbuzane zesigcawu noma izimbuzane ziyavela kulesi simila. Emoyeni owomile, amathuba okutheleleka ayanda. Isixazululo se- "Actellica" noma isibulala-zinambuzane esifanayo kumthamo we-2 ml wesidakamizwa ilitha elilodwa lamanzi sisiza ukuqeda izinambuzane. Ngokuvimbela, ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7.
