Ukutshala ama-strawberries kusuka emzimbeni kungumsebenzi owenzayo ngisho nasensimu yesimini se-novice, udinga nje ukwazi imininingwane ethile yale nqubo.
Inzuzo enkulu yale ndlela yokulima ukugcina izinhlobo ze-varietal, kanye nokuthola inamba enkulu yezithombo kusuka amajikijolo amaningana.
Amabanga aphezulu
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamajikijolo zikuvumela ukuba ukhethe isitshalo ngenhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yezici: ukunambitha, isivuno, ukumelana nezimo zesimo sezulu nezifo. Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu zokutshala imbewu ye-strawberry:
- "Diamond". Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakama kakhulu, amajikijolo awanamanzi kodwa adumile, anika izitshalo eziningi endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu. Iphethwe yizifo ezibangelwa i-fungal kanye ne-viral, ibekezelela ukuhamba, ukumelana nokubandayo.
- Ducat. Izithelo ezinomsoco ezinomsoco onobuciko obunamathele, ama-compact bushes, enikeza isivuno esikhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi kwesikhashana, hhayi ukwesaba isomiso neqhwa, ukumelana nezifo, ukuthuthwa.
- "Indlovukazi Elizabeth II". Izinhlobonhlobo zithandwa ukulima imbewu. Izithelo zinkulu, zinamanzi futhi zithandekayo, isisindo se-berry sifinyelela ku-100 g. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ubusika-buqinile nge-fruiting emihle, kodwa kudinga ukuguqulwa eminyakeni emibili.
- "Ukhiye". Amajikijolo amakhulu, amanzi, amnandi namahle anamakha. Isiko singamelana nezimpande nezifo ezinqabile zezifo, isomiso nesithwathwa. Amajikijolo asemhlabeni jikelele: ahlanzekile, awakhansela, aqhwaza, izithelo ezifakiwe.
- "Olbia". Izinhlobonhlobo zijwayele ukuguqulwa okubukhali ezimweni zesimo sezulu, abesabi isomiso, ukumelana nezifo, ukuthuthwa. Amajikijolo ankulu, anzima kodwa anamanzi, anezinga eliphezulu lokuqukethwe ushukela.
- "Kent". Ibhere elimnandi, elimnandi nelomnandi. Isikhathi eside se-fruiting, hhayi ukwesaba isithwathwa, sibekezelele ukuhamba, akusilo okungenasisekelo ekunakekeleni, ukulwa nezifo eziningi zesiko.
Izimo ezikhulayo
I-strawberries yembewu iyalinywa ikakhulukazi izithombo ekhaya. Iqukethe ngaphansi kwefrimu yefilimu nokushayela kwansuku zonke. Qinisekisa ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo azikho emthethweni.
Ukushisa
Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, umbuso wokushisa usuka ku-23 kuya ku-25 degrees Celsius. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, ukuze amahlumela alula, izinga lokushisa liyancipha ukuya kuma-degrees angu-18, kancane kancane livame ukuhlwanyela izithombo ukuze zipholile, zisuse ifilimu. Ngesikhathi i-adaptation amahlumela ungamanzi.
Hlola uhlu lwezinhlobo zama-strawberry: "Gigantella", "Albion", "Elsanta", "Marshal", "Chamora Turusi", "Malvina", "Ubukhulu beRussia", "Zeng Zengana".
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Izithombo zifuna ukukhanyisa, ngoba isikhathi sokuhlwanyela usuku olusencane futhi olukhanyayo sisalutho, izitshalo zidinga ukuhlinzekela ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo kuhlanganisa ukungabi khona kwemini, ukuze izithombo zibheke okungenani amahora angu-12 ngosuku.
Ungathenga i-outlet nge-timer ezovula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukukhanya nokuvala ngesikhathi esethiwe. 
Izidingo zomhlabathi wokutshala (isitsha, amaphilisi we-peat)
Ukuhlwanyela esitsheni, izinhlobo ezimbili zenhlabathi zifanelekile:
- isihlabathi, i-peat ne-biohumus ku-1: 3: 1;
- isihlabathi, i-peat ne-turf phansi 1: 1: 2.
Uyazi? I-Strawberry ayiyona iberry ngempela; izithelo zayo kuthiwa i-multi-isithende. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yiyona kuphela isitshalo seberry esingenayo ngaphakathi kwezithelo, kodwa ngaphandle.
Izici zokuhlwanyela ama-strawberry
Imbewu ingasetshenziselwa amajikijolo akhulile, noma athenge. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbewu yezinhlobo ze-hybrid ayigcini izimpawu zomama.
Ukukhethwa kwembewu yokutshala
Uma uthenga imbewu okokuqala, kuhle ukucela ukusekelwa kwensimu enokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi, kodwa uma uzithenga ngokwakho, landela lemithetho elandelayo:
- Amamaki asemakhwaleni afanayo ayamnandi kakhulu, kodwa amajikijolo ahlala emanzini angadliwa sonke isikhathi sasehlobo (anqume ngezinhlobonhlobo zamajikijolo);
- imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ze-elite iyabiza kanti kunezimbalwa zazo ekupaketheni; okokuqala kungcono ukugxila kunguqulo elula
- qiniseka ukuthi uhlola impilo yeshalofu yezinhlamvu;
- Udinga ukuthenga izinto zokutshala esitolo esithile, hhayi emgwaqweni.
Izinsuku zokutshala
Namuhla, abalimi abaningi banquma izinsuku zokuhlwanyela, ukutshala kanye nomunye umsebenzi wegadi, ngokugxila kubalimi bekhalenda zenyanga. Imbewu ye-strawberry iqala ukuhlwanyela ngoFebruwari, lapho kwenzeka khona izithombo kuzodingeka zikhanyise, kodwa ke amajikijolo angabonakala asele ehlobo ezayo. Ungahlwanyela ama-strawberries ngo-Ephreli, kulokhu, ukuvunwa kuzoba ngonyaka kuphela. 
Indlela yokutshala isitshalo
Ama-strawberries avela kumbewu akunzima ukukhula, kodwa kuphakanyiswa ukwazi ezinye izici zasehlobo ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhule isivuno esihle. Ubuhle buqala ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela nokulungiselela imbewu ngokwabo kanye nomhlabathi kubo.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba kanye nenzalo
Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe ibalwa kuhhavini cishe ihhafu yehora ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-150 noma, ngokulandelana, iqhwa, ibonisa ukushisa, okungcono ukushisa okungekho ngesonto. Khona-ke ukubeka ukushisa emhlabeni "kwafika ngokwakho."
Funda nokuthi ungakhula kanjani i-plumeria, i-acacia, i-geyher, i-laurel, ioli yama-castor evela kumbewu.Ukuze i-disinfection yezinhlamvu, ixiliswe imizuzu engama-30 ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, ihlanjululwe futhi isakazwe emgqonyeni wamanzi, embozwe enye, iphindwe, ihlanganisiwe futhi ishiywe izinsuku ezimbalwa kwisitsha esivaliwe ngokuqinile. Kwabe sekufakwa umqulu wamaphilisi efrijini amasonto amabili, omanzi nsuku zonke, futhi omisiwe kancane ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Uyazi? Ama-strawberries angase abe inkambo yesibili: ahlangene emaladini anezinhlanzi zasolwandle, anyanisi oluhlaza, amafutha omnqumo namantongomane omsedari, ezitsheni zokubili ezinkukhu kanye noshizi onzima, ngisho othosiwe nge-pepper omnyama.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela
Enye i-caveat: ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise itanki lezilimo ngenhlabathi, udinga ukusula ngokuphelele ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ngaphansi kwesitsha kufanele kube ukuvuleka kokukhipha umswakama obuningi. Imbewu ayingcwatshwe emhlabathini ukuze ihlwithe, idinga ukukhanya, ifaka imbewu ibe ibanga lika-3 cm komunye nomunye.
Ukunakekela ukunakekelwa kweberry
Ukuze imbewu imbewu sitrobheli, indawo engcono kakhulu ukukhula izithombo kuyoba sill entshonalanga noma empumalanga.
Amahlumela
Kususa umoya usuku ngalunye, kuqaphele inani lokunciphisa kwifilimu: uma lingekho khona, bese lidinga udinga umswakama; Uma kunamaconsi amaningi kule ifilimu, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise futhi i-condensate isuliwe.
Kubalulekile! Uma isikhunta sibonakale emhlabathini, kufanele sisuswe ngokucophelela futhi le ndawo kanye nasesisombululo sokulungiselela i-fungicide kufanele ichithe.Amahlumela athela amanzi emmpandeni, esebenzisa isiraphu ejwayelekile yezokwelapha. Lokhu kuzosindisa amaqabunga amahlumela emanzini okugcoba nokugcoba ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka. Ukunisela kuyenziwa kanye ngesonto, ekuseni noma kusihlwa, amanzi asetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa noma ahlukaniswe.
Kanye ngemva kwamasonto amathathu, izithombo ziphuziswa nge-fungicide ("Trichodermin", "Planriz"), ngokulandelanayo, imiyalelo yokuvimbela izifo ezifayo. 
Ngemuva kokubunjwa kuka 3-4 amaqabunga aqinile ahlume, aphihlize umgogodla. I-Nuance: ihlumela ayitholakali isitshalo, kodwa amaqabunga e-cotyledon, izithombo ziyaphuziswa ngaphambili. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokukhethwa, ungondla umanyolo we-potash phosphate. Gcwalisa ama-strawberries njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngaphambi kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngamalungiselelo angenawo amanzi ayenayo nge-nitrogen encane.
Ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kungenziwa lapho inhlabathi ishisa kuze kube yizicathulo ezingu-12, futhi akukho usongo lokubuya kweqhwa. Ukufika kuyenzeka kusihlwa noma kusimo sezulu esinesibhakabhakeni, lapho sekukade sekugubha futhi kususwe inhlabathi. Izitshalo zifakwa emithonjeni, ziqondise izimpande, zishiye intamo yentambo ezingeni lomhlabathi. Ukuhamba phakathi kwamahlathi kungama-30 cm, phakathi kwemigqa engu-50 cm. Ngemva kokutshala, amahlathi aphuziswa.
Kubalulekile! Qaphela amadevu ukuthi isiko sikhiqiza cishe sonke isikhathi. Uma ungeke ulizalise ngamadevu, kungcono ukususa lezi zinqubo. Amasachidi amaningi asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukufika, okuholela ekukhiqizeni izinambuzane namagciwane.Ama-Strawberries awawuthandi amanzi, ukutshala amanzi njengesihlabathi sezulu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuphuza ekuseni, ngenkathi uthele amanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla, uzama ukuwa phezu kwamahlamvu. Ukuze singasetshisi isikhathi kwi-weeding evamile, ama-strawberries ahlanganiswa, ngesikhathi esifanayo inhlabathi igcinwa ekumeni nokushisa.
Ekuqaleni kwezimbali, ama-strawberry aphethwe ngesisombululo se-mullein ka-1: 6, enezela izinkuni ngomklomelo-isigamu indebe kuya kwezilitha eziyishumi zesisombululo. Izakhiwo zePotash-phosphorus zenziwa ngesikhathi sokubeka amajikijolo.Izikhathi ezintathu ngenkathi isayithi lifakwe ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi lokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwefungal. Ukuze insect prophylaxis, izinsalela eziningana ze-insecticide zenziwa. Ngokumelene ne-slugs Ngisebenzisa amaqabunga e-walnut ochotshoziwe.
Imbewu yokuvuna
Izinto zokutshala ezinikeza zona zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi: wazi ukuthi yiziphi izimfanelo izitshalo ezizayo, unjani ukunakekelwa okuthandayo lokhu okuhlukahlukene nokuthi ungakhula kanjani lokhu sitrobheli kusuka imbewu. 
Ukuze uqoqe imbewu, udinga ukukhetha iberry elikhulu futhi elivuthiwe, ulibeke esitsheni ngamanzi bese usishiya izinsuku eziningana. Khona-ke i-pulp ihlutshwa kahle ngomunwe, ihlukanisa imbewu. Imbewu ihlanjululwa, isomisiwe, ihlelwe iphinde ifakwe esikhwameni sephepha. Imbewu kaTara igcinwe endaweni eyomile emnyama.
I-strawberries ekhulayo ingaba yombili ekusebenzeni umhlobiso wesayithi. Ngokukhetha indlela engavamile yokutshala - izimbiza ezilenga, imibhede yemifula ekubunjweni kwepiramidi, izitshalo ezinama-multi-tiered ezizwakalayo, ungangezela inothi elikhethekile elimnandi kunobumba.
