I-Brugmansia isihlahla esingajwayelekile esivela emndenini we-nightshade. Ehlobo imbozwe izimbali eziningi ezisilengelayo. Lezi zihlahlana ezinhle zibizwa nangokuthi amacilongo ezingelosi. Ngenkathi izwe lethu, iBrugmansia iyisitshalo esingandile futhi esihlala kwamanye amazwe, kodwa ngesibindi iwina izinhliziyo zabatshali bezimbali. Vele, ukumnakekela kudinga ikhono elithile, kepha ukwazi ukusebenzisa amaqhinga amancane kulula kakhulu.
Ukubukeka kweBrugmansia
I-Brugmansia idabuka eLatin America, lapho iyisihlahla esikhula khona sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-5. Ekulandeni kwethu, kuvame ukuthatha isimo sesihlahla esibanzi esinomqhele ovundlile. Iziqu zisheshe zilinganiswe futhi zimbozwe ngegxolo eliluhlaza nsundu. Emagatsheni amancane amaqabunga amakhulu ama-ovoid. Banama-petioles amade futhi anamathele ngababili. Ipuleti lesikhumba elinombala luhlaza okotshani. Kanye nemithambo ephakathi neyemuva, ungabona imicu emincane egqamile. Amahlamvu ambozwe nge-pubescence emfushane emfushane.
Impahla esemqoka yeBrugmansia izimbali zayo. Izimbali zenzeka ehlobo, ziningi kakhulu. Kwisitshalo esisodwa kungaqhakaza kuze kufike kumakhulu wezimbali. Ama-buds amakhulu atholakala kahle kuma-peduncle acwebile, ngakho-ke alengiswa ngaphansi kwamagatsha aluhlaza. I-gramophone evulekile ingamasentimitha ayi-15-30. Ububanzi bengxenye ebanzi bungamasentimitha ayi-17. Umbala wamaphalishi ungahluka kakhulu: mhlophe, ukhilimu, obomvu, ophuzi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali ingaba nesimo esilula noma iphindwe kabili (enama-petals angeziwe ngaphakathi). Izimbali zihambisana nokukhipha iphunga elimnandi kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngezinsuku ezishisayo ezinelanga, izimbali zivala futhi zivule kuphela kusihlwa kusihlwa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zonke izingxenye zeBrugmansia zinobuthi kakhulu. Kufanele ivikelwe ezinganeni nasezifuyweni. Ijusi lesitshalo liyacasula kakhulu isikhumba, ngakho-ke wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kumagilavu okuvikela. Uma isitshalo sisekamelweni elivalekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, sisakaza iphunga elinamandla kakhulu, futhi elingathinteki. Abantu abaningi babika ukuwohloka kwenhlala-kahle. Uma ungakwazi ukuletha imbali yeBrugmansia emoyeni omusha, kudingeka ungene egumbini ngokuvamile.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Uhlobo lweBrugmansia luhluke kakhulu, kepha kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela kusiko. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezibanzi nezimbali zetryry.
IBrugmansia yiNingizimu Melika. Ngokwesiko, lesi sitshalo sakha ibhungane elihlumayo lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, simbozwa ngezimbali ezilula zeqhwa ezimhlophe ezingafika ku-30 cm.
IBrugmansia iyigolide. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yiColombia. Yisihlahla esiphansi esingu-2-4 m ukuphakama. Amagatsha ayagoba futhi anciphise kancane isikhundla sawo. Izimbali zipendiwe ziphuzi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zithola ukhilimu noma umthunzi opinki. Izimbali zenzeka kusihlwa nobusuku futhi zihambisana nephunga eliqinile.
I-Brugmansia iyabonakala. Is shrub enamabala ama-2-4 m ukuphakama kuvamile e-Ecuador. Emagatsheni avundile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ungabona amahlumela amaningi alengayo wombala ophuzi noma opinki. Ubude bawo bungafinyelela ku-45 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile anemibala ye-wavy anamathiselwe kumagatsha anama-petioles amafushane.
Ukukhula
Kungenzeka ukukhulisa i-Brugmansia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kepha kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu. Imbewu idinga ukuthengwa okusha, ngoba ngokushesha ilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwazo. I-landings yenziwa emabhokisini angajulile ngengxube ye-sand-peat. Isikhathi esihle salokhu ukuphela kukaFebhuwari noma uMashi. Ukuthambisa isikhumba esiminyene, imbewu igcinwa amahora angama-24 kwisisombululo se-manganese. Izitshalo zenziwa kwizimbobo ezincane ezinobukhulu obuyi-5-10 mm. Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu futhi ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo enamazinga okushisa + 22 ... + 25 ° C.
Imbewu iyadonsa ngokungalingani ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-50. Ngemuva kokuhluma kwembewu, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa. Kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokufafaza okujwayelekile kwezithombo. Ngokuqala kweqabunga lesihlanu leqiniso, iBrugmansia ingadluliselwa emabhodweni ahlukene.
Ekhaya, ukusakazwa ngokusikeka kuvame kakhulu, kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine izindawo zokuhluka kwesitshalo somzali futhi uthole isihlahla esinezimbali. Inqubo yenziwa ngo-Ephreli-Juni. Igatsha elinamakhompiyutha amancane lishunqulwa libe amahlumela okungenani okungenani i-internode. Ubude bezinsika buba malunga nama-15-20 cm.Ukubekwa kwezimpawu kwenziwa emanzini afudumele ngokufakwa kwekhabhoni ocushiwe. Izimbumbulu kufanele zivezwe endaweni ekhanyayo enomoya wokushisa ongaba ngu + 20 ° C. Kungcono ukuthi uzimboze ngephepha lepulasitiki.
Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, izimpande zizovela emanzini bese iBrocmansia ingatshalwa emhlabathini. Ngokutshala kokuqala, kusetshenziswa amabhodwe amancane ngomxube we-sand-peat.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo
I-Brugmansia idinga ukufakelwa njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kohlelo lwezimpande. Izitshalo ezisencane kuzofanele zitshalwe izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala zitshalwe kumashubhu amakhulu wamalitha ayi-9-15. Ngisho nezihlahla ezinkulu zidinga ukuvuselelwa njalo kwenhlabathi noma ukushintshwa kwengqimba yayo ephezulu.
Lapho ukufakelwa, azama ukuhlukanisa ingxenye yobumba obudala bethayela nezimpande. Noma kubhavu enkulu kuyadingeka ukumboza phansi ngensimbi enkulu yokudonsa. Inhlabathi ikhethiwe ivundile futhi ingaphefumula ngokusabela okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi. Ungangeza izingxenye ezilandelayo kukho:
- Peat;
- iqabunga humus;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Ungangeza inani elincane le-perlite kumxube uqobo. Ngemuva kokufakelwa ngakunye ngeviki, i-rootin yengezwa emanzini okunisela i-Brugmansia.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Isidingo sokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kweBrugmansia isibani esikhanyayo. Ukuze uzuze izimbali eziningi, udinga ukuthatha lesi sitshalo ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo siye endaweni evulekile engadini. Umoya ohlanzekile uzohlomula ngeBrugmansia. Uma uyishiya endaweni enomthunzi, izokhulisa kakhulu isisindo esiluhlaza, kepha izimbali ezimbalwa.
Izinga lokushisa lomoya elikhulu lesitshalo ngu + 22 ... + 26 ° C. Ezifundeni lapho ngisho nasebusika kungabandi khona ngaphansi kuka + 5 ° C, iBrocmansia ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, kuzofanele ulethe lesi sihlahla egumbini lasebusika. Abanye abalimi batshala isitshalo endaweni evulekile yehlobo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokubambisana nembiza, ngemuva kokumba imbobo emikhulu ezansi. Ebusika, kungcono ukugcina iBrugmansia ingaphakathi endlini inezinga lokushisa lomoya lika + 10 ... + 15 ° C.
Lesi sitshalo sihlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakho-ke ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kweBrugmansia ukuqinisekisa umoya umswakama okungenani wama-60%. Umqhele uvame ukufafazwa noma ukugezwa ngaphansi kweshawa efudumele, futhi ubeke neshubhu eduze namachibi, ama-aquarium noma imithombo.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iBrugmansia ibilokhu ikhula ngenkuthalo futhi idinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Inhlabathi kufanele yomile phezulu kuphela. Amanzi asetshenziswa ethambile futhi afudumele. Maphakathi nehlobo, ngesikhathi sezimbali, ukukhula kuncipha kakhulu futhi ukuthambisa kungancishiswa. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sifafazwa kancane, kepha ukomisa umhlaba akwamukeleki.
IBrugmansia ithanda kakhulu umanyolo. Kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba, kwenziwa umanyolo masonto onke kwizitshalo eziqhakazayo. Kunconywa ukushintshanisa amakhompiyutha amaminerali ne-organic.
I-Brugmansia ikhulisa umqhele ngentshiseko futhi ingathatha ukubukeka okungathandeki, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuyinciphisa minyaka yonke. Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela le nqubo. Kunconywa futhi nokukhipha ama-stepons entwasahlobo. Basusa amandla kwi-brugmansia futhi banciphisa ukuqhakaza.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amathuba okuthola izifo nokuhlaselwa yizimbunguzane mancane. Ngokuthambisa ngokweqile kanye nokuqina, ukuvela kwe-grey bola kungenzeka. Emakamelweni owomile kakhulu ama-spider izimbuzane nama-whiteflies ahlala emapheshana. Amakhemikhali azosiza ukubhekana namagciwane.
