I-Pak-choy Chinese iklabishi: izincomo zokutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Pak Choi isiko lesiko lase-Asia, elisanda kuthandwa ngabalimi baseYurophu nabaseMelika. Ilungele ukutshalwa eRussia. Iklabishi laseChinese alithobeki, alithandi ukushisa kakhulu, alibeki izimfuno eziphakeme kwikhwalithi yaphansi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubonakaliswa ukukhula kokuqala nokukhiqiza okuhle, kuyasiza kakhulu empilweni.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani iklabishi laseShayina?

Njengoba ungaqagela, izwe lasekhaya leklabishi laseChina yiChina. Kuyaziwa kakhulu naseKorea naseJapan. E-Asia, sekukhule iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Isiko laziwa ngegama lesidlaliso "pak-choi" ("indlebe yamahhashi") kanye "neklabishi yesinaphi." Ungayihlanganisi neklabishi le-Peking, lezi "zihlobo" ezisondelene, kepha nokho zihlukile, kusuka ekubukeni kwama-nerds, isiko. Uhlobo lweklabishi pak choi olwabhekwa nguCarl Linnaeus. Kepha ama-botanists anamuhla akholelwa ukuthi kufana ne-turnip.

Iklabishi lase-Pak-choy Chinese likhule e-Asia iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu

Iklabishi le-peking elingaphandle kwe-Asia laziwa kangcono kakhulu kunelaseShayina. Ngakho-ke, bavame ukudideka. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo ukuthi owokuqala wenza inhloko ukuphuma. Amaqabunga akhe abubende kakhulu, acishe abe mhlophe, acinyene, anemiphetho ethambile. Ukunambitheka kweklabishi laseShayina kubukhali, kunikeza isivuno ngokushesha okukhulu.

Akunakwenzeka ukudida iklabishi yaseChinese neklabishi lePeking komunye ozibonile zombili, umehluko omkhulu ukubakhona kwenhloko yeklabishi

Lesi sitshalo sibukeka singjwayelekile. Le iklabishi ayenzi amakhanda eklabishi. Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuyihlukanisa kusuka ku-ulethisi noma isipinashi, uma kungenjalo ekuqiniseni komlingiswa phansi kwesiqu. Ekuphakameni, i- “rosette” yamaqabunga ifinyelela ku-0.5 m, ubukhulu buba cm 35-40. Izithanga zemibala emhlophe noma yesaladi zicindezelwa zibukane, zenze into ebukeka njenge-anyanisi, ngakho-ke izitshalo zixubene impela. Ububanzi balesi ukuqina ngokuvamile awudluli ku-5-10 cm, isisindo - 100-250 g. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezinamahlanga aluhlaza zimelana kakhulu nesiqu.

I-rosette yeklabishi yaseChinese ingahlanganiswa, futhi isakaze ngokuphelele, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo

Amaqabunga emibala ehlukahlukene eluhlaza okotshani obhulowu onsomi, okomhlophe. Zibushelelezi ekuthintweni. Ingaphezulu lingacishe liflethi noma libonakale libubb.

Amaqabunga eklabishi laseChinese athambile impela, anesihlwathi esibuhlungu esibuhlungu.

Idla iklabishi lamaShayina kanye namaqabunga, no-petioles. Pokokuqala, banambitha njengesipinashi esibuhlungu kancane noma isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, kanti esesibili siyinto phakathi kwe-asparagus neqabunga lebhitrudi, kodwa libukhali. Ekhaya, e-Asia, amasaladi avame ukulungiswa kakhulu kuwo, adliwa amasha. Eminye imifino, amaqanda, uphizi oluhlaza, ummbila, u-anyanisi, ugarlic, isithombo, ngisho ne-ginger ne-tangerine kufakwa eklabishi laseShayina. Ngisho naseKorea, isidlo se-kimchi (isoso elibushelelezi elinepelepele elishisayo lomhlaba) lithandwa kakhulu. Ungangena esikhundleni seklabishi yaseShayina ejwayelekile kumasobho, ulungiselele izitsha eziseceleni kuyo. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa, iguqula ukunambitheka kube mnandi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubukhali bayo bezinhlamvu. Kepha ayabilisa, afry bese eyisipha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu - amaqabunga athambile kakhulu.

Iklabishi yaseShayina entsha ingumthombo wamavithamini namaminerali amaningi adingwa ngumzimba

Enye yezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa zesiko ukuvuthwa kokuqala. Iklabishi linganqunywa nje ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25 ngemuva kokudluliselwa kwezithombo engadini. Futhi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nezindawo ezishisayo - sekudlule amasonto angama-2-3. Ngokufanelekile, noma ngabe kunesimo sezulu esipholile, ungathola izitshalo ezingama-2-3 ehlobo ngalinye. Futhi, ukuzithoba kwayo, ukumelana nokubanda, nokukhiqiza okuphakeme kunomthelela ekudumeni kwayo phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia. Akumele sikhohlwe ngezinzuzo zezempilo.

Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokutshala kwalo ngu-15- 20 ° C. Uma ikhuphukela kuma-25 ° C nangaphezulu, ukushiswa yilanga emaqabungeni kungenzeka. Isiko alivumelani nokubanda (liyabekezelela iqhwa liye ku--5-7 ° C), kepha lokhu kuyasebenza ezitshalweni ezindala. Uma izithombo zitshalwe ekuseni kakhulu, ukunamathela cishe akunakugwenywa, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zamahora amade.

Mhlawumbe okuwukuphela kwesijumbana sesitshalo ukuthi lapho sifinyelela usayizi waso omkhulu, amaqabunga kanye nama-petioles alukhuni kakhulu, kuvela izicu ezinzima kuzo. Ngakho-ke, ekhaya bakhetha ukusika izisekelo ezifinyelele ku-15-20 cm. Imifino yabo ithenda kakhulu futhi ijusi. Ngemuva kokusika, ihlumela elisha lakhiwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Iklabishi yaseChinese ibonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini (A, C, E, P, PP, iqembu B) nama-amino acid abalulekile, ikakhulukazi i-lysine, ngokuhambisana nokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi (13 kcal nge-100 g). Ngokusetshenziswa njalo ekudleni, kuyindlela yokuvimbela i-atherossteosis ephumelelayo, kusiza ukuqinisa ukungatheleleki, ukuqeda isifo sokukhathala okungamahlalakhona, ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwengqondo nomzimba, kanye nokwenza kube nomfutho wegazi ngokwejwayelekile.

Izazi zezempilo ziyincoma kulabo abafuna ukukhipha amakhilogremu angeziwe bese benza ejwayelekile ipheshana lesibindi nesibindi. Kunobufakazi bocwaningo lokuthi iklabishi laseChinese lisiza ukuvikela ukukhula kwezimila, kufaka phakathi ezinolaka, ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-glucosinolates, anikeza ukunambitheka okumunyu. Kucebile futhi nge-magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, antioxidants, fiber kanye nesitashi.

Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin A ne-folic acid, okuvimbela ukukhubazeka ekukhuleni kwe-fetus, kwenza iklabishi yaseChina ilusizo olukhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Emithini yabomdabu baseShayina nabaseTibetan, ujusi weklabishi waseChinese usetshenziswa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi lapho uhlanganiswa neqanda elimhlophe. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanxeba, izilonda, ukuvuvukala, ukushiswa.

Kusetshenziswa isiphuzo seklabishi saseShayina emithini yabantu

Kukhona ukuphambana. Iklabishi yaseChina ayinconywa ukuba ifakwe ekudleni kwesifo sikashukela. Inqubo ye-metabolic kuleli cala isivele icekeceke, ingadala ukuphazamiseka kwehormone futhi kubani. Futhi, le khabishi ayinconywa ngezinkinga nge-gland yegilo. Ngokusebenzisa ngokweqile, kungadala izinkinga ngokufakwa kwe-iodine.

Ividiyo: izinzuzo zezempilo ze-pak choi

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

E-Russia, izinhlobonhlobo zeklabishi yaseShayina yokuzikhethela ezifuywayo zitshalwa ikakhulukazi. Iningi lazo lisaqala, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo eziningana ngesizini, ngisho nase-Urals naseSiberia. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi:

• Alyonushka. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eRussia, Ukubhaliswa Kwombuso kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa okusha. Amaqabunga anganqunywa izinsuku ezingama-45 ngemuva kokuvela. Mancane kakhulu, aluhlaza ngombala ngombala obenombala obomvana, ngesibuko sendololondo ebanzi noma ecishe ibe yindilinga. Ingaphezulu bushelelezi noma liminyene kancane. Ubude be-Petiole - 8-15 cm, acinene, anamanzi. Ngama-petioles akha inqwaba yesisindo sesitshalo, sifinyelela ku-1,8 kg. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - kuze kufike ku-9 kg / m².
• I-Vesnyanka. Ukusuka ekuhlumeni kwezithombo kuya ekuvuthweni kwezitshalo kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-25 ukuya kwengama-35. Imifino yokuqala inganqunywa emasontweni amabili. Amaqabunga angama-ovoid, aluhlaza okotshani noma ulethisi, abushelelezi, onqenqemeni olufushane lwe-wavy. Umthambo ophakathi ubanzi kakhulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile se "anyanisi" owodwa singama-250 g. Imifino nge-1 m² ithola cishe i-1.7 kg. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin C, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Kuyaqabukela kuhlushwa i-bacteriosis, ukumelana nokuqhuma.
• Goluba F1. Ukuphakama kanye nobubanzi bokuphuma kungama-40 cm. Amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, anemibala yesaladi, abushelelezi. I-Petioles imfushane futhi ibanzi, inejusi. Isisindo esijwayelekile sesitshalo singama-0.6-0.9 kg. Ukukhiqiza - 6 kg / m² noma ngaphezulu.
• ICorolla. Enye yezinto ezintsha zokukhetha. Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Ukukhishwa kuphansi (kufika ku-20 cm), kepha kuqhume (40 cm ubukhulu). Amaqabunga aluhlaza ophakathi nendawo, aluhlaza saturated, anesiqubulo esithi "imibimbi" nemiphetho ebushelelezi. I-Petiole iyisicaba, imincane futhi imfishane. Isisindo esivamile sezitshalo sifinyelela ku-1 kg. Ukukhiqiza - 5 kg / m².
• Swallow Kusukela ekubukekeni kwezithombo ukusika imifino, kudlula izinsuku ezingama-35-45. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, anemiphetho ebushelelezi, ecishe ibe bushelelezi. Ubuningi besisindo sesitshalo (cishe 2/3) yi-petioles. Anombala omningi kakhulu, onoshukela, ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Isisindo esijwayelekile sokukhishwa okukodwa ngu-1.5-3 kg. Izinhlobonhlobo zaziswa ngokunambitheka kwako nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwevithamini C, ukumelana okuhle ne-bacteriosis. Ayihlushwa yi-flaccidity.
• Swan. Ibanga lesizini ephakathi. Ingatshalwa zombili emhlabathini ovulekile nakwezokugcina izithombo, izithombo zokugcina izithombo. I-Rosette yamaqabunga icompact, iphansi. I-Petioles imhlophe, ibanzi, ibanzi. Amacembe mancane, okusaqanda. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - 5.5-7.7 kg / m². Isisindo sesitshalo ngasinye singama-1,1-1,5 kg. Iletha izilimo ngisho noma isimo sezulu singesona esihle, iyakubekezelela ukutshala okuqinile.
• Isimangaliso seViolet. Enye yezimpumelelo zakamuva zabafuyi, igqame ngesithunzi esingamaqabunga samaqabunga. Luhlaza-lilac-luhlaza, umbozwe ungqimba omncane wesibambo se- “wax” esimibalabala. Ingaphezulu libuby, imiphetho ihlaselwe kakhulu. I-petioles yi-violet, i-concave kancane. Ukukhiqiza - 2.25 kg / m², isisindo sesitshalo - 0,45 kg.
• I-Pava. Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Ukusuka kokuvela kwezithombo ukusika okuhlaza kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-57-60. Ingatshalwa zombili ku-greenhouse futhi ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, ayilahli izinzuzo zayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa. Ama-petioles anamafutha amaningi, anamanzi, acwebile. Isisindo sezitshalo sehluka kusuka ku-1 kg kuye ku-2 kg, isivuno emhlabathini ovulekile - sisuka ku-4.8 kg / m² siye ku-10.2 kg / m². Izinhlobonhlobo azingeni emcibisholo, ziletha isivuno lapho sitshala emthunzini nangamasimu agqinsiwe. Amaqabunga kanye ne-petioles zigcinwe kahle.
• Chill. Ibanga lesizini ephakathi. Ukuphakama kokukhishwa kungama-35 cm, ububanzi bube buncane. Amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amise okweqanda. Ingaphezulu ligubazwe kahle. Ama-petioles awumbala obukhulu, umbala wesaladi. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lazo ngokunambitheka okuhle nangokukhiqiza okuhle (6.7 kg / m²). Isisindo esivamile sesitshalo sifinyelela ku-1.5 kg.
• Yuna. Ukuphuma kunobubanzi obungu-30 cm noma kukhudlwana, ubukhulu bawo bungamasentimitha angama-50. Amaqabunga aphakathi ngosayizi, ngesimo se-ellipse, ngombala oluhlaza ojulile. Ingaphezulu ligubhukile, imiphetho ihlangene, kwesinye isikhathi ihlulwe kancane. I-Petioles imfushane, imincane, i-concave encane, yomthunzi wesaladi. Isisindo esivamile sesitshalo singama-0.8-1 kg. Ukukhiqiza - 5 kg / m².
• Onyx. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-45-55. Cishe i-2/3 yobuningi besitshalo sakhiwe ngohlobo lwamapiyane aluhlaza. I-rosette yamaqabunga injengevasi. Ukuphakama kwaso kungama-40-45 cm, ubukhulu bungama-5-10 cm ngaphezulu. Amaqabunga mancane, abushelelezi. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lokunambitheka, ukukhiqiza, ukuthutha.

Igalari Yezithombe: Izinhlobonhlobo Zeklabishi laseShayina Ezivamile eRussia

Inqubo yokufakelwa kanye nokuzilungiselela

Iklabishi yaseShayina ingatshalwa kokubili kwisithombo nakuzo imbewu. Cishe noma yiziphi izitshalo zasengadini zilungele yena njengokwandulelayo, ngaphandle kwezinye izinhlobo zeklabishi, isithombo, i-daikon, isithombo, i-rutabaga. Uma kunomgomo wokuqoqa imbewu ngokuzimela, iklabishi laseShayina litshalwe kude nePeking. Uhlangana nezinye "izihlobo".

Kulungiselelwe umbhede wokutshala ekwindla. Isiko alikukhethi ngokukhethekile ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi, kepha kuyalulekwa ukwandisa ukuzala kwe-substrate ngokungeza i-humus noma umquba obolile (i-10-12 l nge-1 p / m) ngesikhathi sokumba. I-acid-base esele yenhlabathi ayithathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Ukuphela kwento engamvumeli ngokwezigaba i-peat substrate esindayo. Inketho efanelekile yilesihlabathi noma i-loam.

Iklabishi yaseChinese ayikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, inketho enhle kunazo zonke yisithunzi esincane esibonakalayo

Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela umthunzi nesithunzi esilinganayo, empeleni akuwuthinti umkhiqizo. Kepha izindawo ezivulekile zamasiko ngeke zisebenze. Uma ihlobo lishisa, ukushiswa yilanga cishe akunakugwenywa.

Ukuze ugcine isikhala esizeni, iklabishi laseShayina lingatshalwa phakathi kwemigqa yamakhukhamba notamatisi. Ukukhula, lezi zitshalo zizokwakha uhlobo lwe "canopy" oluyivikela elangeni eliqondile.

I-Wood ash - umthombo wemvelo we-potassium ne-phosphorus

Iklabishi yaseShayina, njengezinye izitshalo zasengadini zomdabu zase-Asia, isabela kabi kumquba omusha. Kumanyolo, i-superphosphate ne-potrateum nitrate ziyasebenziseka kuye (ngokwesipuni nge-1 m²). Ungawabeka esikhundleni somlotha wokhuni. Ufulawa weDolomite noma amagobolondo amaqanda aqothulwe esimweni se-powder ayengezwa emhlabathini we-acidic. Zigcwalisa inhlabathi nge-calcium, ethandwa yiliphi iklabishi.

Ufulawa weDolomite - ukungabi nemiphumela emibi lapho ubheka umthamo, umenzeli ongaxobisi ugcoba isakhiwana nge-calcium

Izithombo zitshalwa eminyakeni eyishumi kaMashi. Isiko alikubekezeleli ukukha kanye nokufakelwa kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke kutshalwa okuningi emabhodweni we-peat nge-ububanzi obuyi-8-10 cm, bese kudluliselwa embhedeni kanye nethangi. Izithombo zikhula ngokushesha, ukufakelwa kwenziwa kakade ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25 ngemuva kokuqhuma. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithombo kufanele zibe namaqabunga ayi-4-5. Phakathi kwemigqa ishiye cishe ama-40 cm, isikhathi esiphakathi kwezitshalo singama-35-50 cm.

Izithombo ezitshalwe emabhodweni we-peat zingahanjiswa emhlabathini ngaphandle kokuzisusa ethangini

Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ivutha isikhathi esingaba yingxenye yehora ku-thermos enamanzi ashisayo (50 ° C), bese kuthi ngomzuzu owodwa bacwiliswe kumakhaza. Ukuze wandise ukuhluma, afakwa emanzini amahora angama-10-12 kusisombululo se-biostimulant (Epin, potateum humate, ancinic acid, ujusi we-aloe). Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta - imizuzu eyi-15 ukuya ku-20 kufakwa kwikhambi le-biofungicide (iTopaz, iBaikal-EM, i-Alirin-B, i-Fitosporin-M).

Imbewu yeklabishi yaseShayina ilungiswa ngaphambi kokutshala, ukwelashwa kokubulala ukhunta kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izifo zesikhunta

Izitsha zigcwele noma iyiphi isendlalelo esithengiwe sezithombo, engeza ushoko omncane ochotshoziwe noma umlotha wokhuni. Imbewu itshaliwe, ingcwatshwe ngo-2-3 cm. Izimbiza ziphendulwa izithombo zokugcina izithombo, zimbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu, zigcinwe endaweni emnyama kuze kuqubuke. Ngemuva kwalokho zidluliselwa kufasitela lasempumalanga noma eningizimu. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu yi-18-22 ° C phakathi nesikhathi no-14-18 ° C ebusuku. Iklabishi yaseChinese iniselwa kaningi, kepha ngokulingana, igcina isakhi esisesimweni esimanzi kancane, kodwa ingaphenduki isibhuku.

Ngaphambi nangemva kokutshala emhlabathini, iklabishi laseChinese liniselwa kakhulu

Ukwenza kube lula ukuthi izitshalo zivumelane nezimo endaweni entsha, ziqala ukuba lukhuni cishe isonto ngaphambi kokutshala. Okokuqala, izithombo zishiywa zivulekile isikhashana, bese ngokunwebisa isikhathi esisetshenziswa emgaqweni amahora angu-12-16. Abalimi abanolwazi oluningi batusa ukuyeka ukuthambisa ezinsukwini ezi-4 ngaphambi kokutshala, bese kuthambisa inhlabathi kahle isigamu sehora ngaphambi kwayo.

Ividiyo: ukhula kanjani izithombo zamaklabishi

Imithombo ibuye ithelwe kahle ngamanzi. Phansi ubeke idlanzana le-humus, izimbotshana ezimbalwa zomlotha wezinkuni kanye nenkukhu encane ye-anyanisi (iyazixosha izinambuzane kahle).Ngenkathi izithombo ezitshaliwe zingaqali ukukhula, ama-arc afakwa ngaphezu kombhede, amboza nganoma iyiphi impahla embozwe okumhlophe edlula emoyeni.

Lapho utshala imbewu ngqo emhlabathini cishe isonto ngaphambi kwenqubo, umbhede uthululwa ngesixazululo esimnyama esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate futhi uqiniswe ngefilimu. Inhlabathi ngaphambi nangemva kokutshala imbewu yeklabishi yaseShayina kumele inyiswe kahle.

Phakathi kwemigqa shiya u-30- 40 cm. Izithombo ziyavela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-7 kuya kwezi-7, uma izimbewu zijule cishe ngu-1 cm. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, umbhede umbozwe nge-polyethylene, i-agrospan emhlophe, i-spanbond. Amahlumela aniselwa kabili ngesonto futhi kuphela ngamanzi afudumele.

Imbewu yeklabishi yaseShayina inika amahlumela esikhundleni ngokushesha

Esigabeni seqabunga langempela lesibili, okuhlwanyelwe kunciphile, kusale ama-20-25 cm phakathi kwezitshalo. Lapho kuvela iqabunga lesithathu, humus ifakwa ezimpandeni. Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi kulokhu, izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha.

Izithombo "ezingeziwe" zisikwa ngesikele noma zikhonkwane eduze komhlaba. Ukutshala umfaniswano ongaphansi noma ngaphansi, imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi.

Amahlumela eklabishi laseShayina anqunyiwe ukuze isitshalo ngasinye sithole indawo eyanele yokudla okunempilo

Iklabishi laseShayina liyisitshalo esincane semini sokukhanya kwelanga. Ukuze ingangeni emcibisholo, itshaliwe noma phakathi kwentwasahlobo, noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. UMeyi noJuni isikhathi esifanele uma izinhlobo ezikhethiwe zingamelana nokuqhakaza.

Izeluleko Zokukhathalela Izitshalo

Iklabishi yaseShayina iyazikhukhumeza ngokweqile. Isilimo sivuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke konke okudingeka kumgcini wegadi kukhula ukhula, kuvula imibhede, kuvundise futhi kunisele. Lokhu okubaluleke kakhulu. Njenganoma iyiphi iklabishi, i-pak-choi isitshalo esithanda umswakama.

Zombili izithombo ezisencane iklabishi laseShayina nezitshalo zabantu abadala zidinga ukuthambisa

Uhlelo lwezimpande leklabishi laseShayina alunamikhawulo, izimpande zingena emhlabathini ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Ngakho-ke, ukufafaza kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokunisela. Ukuthululela amanzi ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokukhipha kuyinto engathandeki - izimpande ezingenalutho zomile ngokushesha. Uma umgwaqo usezingeni eliphakeme lokushisa lesiko, ukuthambisa kwenziwa njalo ngezinsuku ezi-2, kusetshenziswa amalitha angama-20 amanzi nge-1 m². Ekushiseni, iklabishi laseChinese liniselwa nsuku zonke noma ngisho kabili ngosuku. Kusihlwa, ungakwazi ngaphezu kwalokho ukufafaza amaqabunga. I-mulch izosiza ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini. Usindisa isikhathi ekwenziweni kokhula. Noma yikuphi okokusebenza ngaphandle kwe-peat kanye ne-sawdust entsha kufanelekile - baqinisa kakhulu inhlabathi, okuvame ukuholela ekwakhiweni kwe-keel.

Ukuhlanganisa imibhede kusindisa isikhathi sokulima ekuniseleni nakhula

Uma lina kakhulu ehlobo, izitshalo zingaqala ukubola. Ukuvikela umbhede umswakama owedlulele, ungasebenzisa ifilimu noma impahla esetshenziselwa ukumboza eyelulelwe ama-arcs.

Isikhathi esikhulayo seklabishi laseShayina sifishane kakhulu, ngakho-ke noma imuphi umanyolo wamaminerali, ikakhulukazi umanyolo we-nitrogen, onomthelela ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate emaqabungeni kanye nama-petioles, awafakwa ngokuphelele. Ezinhlotsheni ezivuthwa kusenesikhathi, izingubo ezimbili eziphezulu zanele, ekuvuthweni okuphakathi - ezintathu. Esokuqala senziwa ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7 ngemuva kokufakelwa izithombo zingene emhlabathini noma lapho amahlamvu angama-5-6 ebunjiwe akha izithombo engadini. Okwesibili nokwesithathu (uma kunesidingo) - ngokuhamba kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12. Iklabishi yaseChinese iniselwa nge-infusion yokhuni lomlotha, amaqabunga ama-nettle, i-dandelion, nolunye ukhula. Ukusuka kumanyolo wesitolo, noma yiziphi izindlela ezenzelwe i-vermicompost zifanelekile. Izinga lokusebenzisa limayelana nelitha ngalinye ngesitshalo.

Ukumiliselwa kweNettle - Umanyolo wemvelo ngokuphelele

Ividiyo: Isipiliyoni Sokukhula Kwe-Pak Choy

Iklabishi yaseShayina ku-greenhouse

Imbewu yeklabishi yaseChinese imila kakade ku-4-5 ° C, ngakho-ke ingahlwanyelwa kule ndawo ebamba ukushisa entwasahlobo. Umlimi uyoba nesikhathi sokuvuna kungakafiki isikhathi sokutshala ukhukhamba, utamatisi, amaqanda amaqanda nezinye izilimo. Uma lo abamba ukushisa efudumele, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlwanyele imbewu ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaMashi, uma kungenjalo, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Bamba inhlabathi ekwindla, engeza i-humus, uthele i-2% yethusi sulfate noma isixazululo esikhanyayo se-pink of potanganum permanganate. Ngokuthola isifo magciwane ku-greenhouse, ungashisa ucezu oluncane lwesibabule.

Ngegreenhouse evuthayo, iklabishi laseChina lingatshalwa unyaka nonyaka

Lapho betshala, banamathela ohlelweni olufanayo nolomhlaba ovulekile. I-substrate ngaphambili nangemva kwayo isithambile. Ngaphambi kokuvela, izinga lokushisa elingama-20 ° C liyathandeka. Ngemuva kwalokho cishe isikhathi esingangesonto kwehliselwa ku-10-12 ° C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuvunwa, inkomba efanelekile ingu-16-16 C.

Izithombo ezikhulayo zinqunywa kabili ngezikhathi ezithile zaphakathi nesonto, zishiya phakathi kwezitshalo ku-10-15 cm kuqala, bese kuba ngu-30-35 cm. Kumanzi njengokuqina kwaphezulu. Ungakwenza ngaphandle kokondla. Noma sebenzisa ukumiliselwa kwezinkuni zomlotha.

Iklabishi yaseShayina etshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ku-greenhouse icishe ilingane nezifo nezinambuzane. Kwabaningi babo kusabanda kakhulu, izibungu, amaqanda nezinhlamvu zesikhunta asinaso isikhathi 'sokuphaphama' lapho zingena hibernation.

Iklabishi yesiqu seklabishi ekhaya

Isisekelo sokuphuma kweklabishi laseShayina cishe ngo-5 cm ukuphakama singasetshenziswa futhi, sithola imifino ekhaya ngemuva kokusikwa. Enye inketho ukutshala isitshalo esinezimpande emhlabathini bese siqoqa ezinye izitshalo ezingama-2-3. Lapho isithombo sesisha futhi simanzisa "isibani" phansi, kungcono.

"Okuphansi" kubekwe phansi esitsheni esijulile esinamanzi okushisa kwegumbi ukuze kuphela isisekelo sawo sithinte. Phambilini, "izinto zokutshala" ziyahlolwa - akufanele kube khona okutholayo ukubola, isikhunta, nokulimala kwezinambuzane. Isitsha kufanele sigcinwe endaweni epholile, kepha hhayi esiqandisini, amanzi kufanele aguqulwe nsuku zonke. Ukukhanya okuningi akudingi iklabishi yaseChinese, kepha ukushisa akufiseleki kakhulu. Unika izimpande ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokoqobo ngezinsuku ezingama-3-4. Imifino entsha izosheshe ivele.

Izimpande ezisetshenziselwa "isiphunzi" samanzi seklabishi yaseShayina ezinsukwini ezimbalwa

Emva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo singaba ngokucophelela, sikhumbule ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande leklabishi laseChinese lintekenteke ngokwedlulele, lugqitshwe esitsheni esigcwaliswe nganoma imuphi umhlaba wenhlabathi wezitshalo zasendlini ngokufakwa komlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe noma ushoko ochotshoziwe. Phansi kwembiza, kuyadingeka ungqimba oludonsa ngo-2-3 cm. Ukunisela ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha kuqalelwa kuphela lapho isitshalo siqala ukwakha amaqabunga amasha.

Amagrimu aqhamukayo avela “esiqubeni” ayanqunywa njengoba akhula

Bamba imbiza efasiteleni lewindows elibheke enyakatho, enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Lapho umgwaqo usezingeni lokushisa elifanele, ungayiyisa kuvulandi. Uma kuvela umcibisholo wezimbali, unqunywa ngokushesha.

Iklabishi laseChinese liniselwa kancane kancane, kepha kaningi, njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Kungenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu. Ehlobo, ukuze kudalwe amahora afushane wemini edingekayo, kungakuhle ukumboza lesi sitshalo amahora angama-12-14 ngesikhwama sepulasitiki esimnyama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokushisa elifunwayo lingagcinwanga, umcibisholo ubumba ngokushesha.

Ividiyo: ungayitshala kanjani iklabishi isuka "kusiqu"

Izifo eziqondene namasiko, izinambuzane kanye nokulawula kwazo

Isikhathi sokumila kweklabishi laseShayina lifushane, ukungatheleleki kahle impela uma kuqhathaniswa "nezihlobo". Izinambuzane eziningi zesaba ukugcotshwa uwoyela obalulekile oqukethwe amaqabunga ekujuleni okuphezulu. Kepha lolu siko aluvikelekile ngokuphelele ekuhlaselweni kwesikhunta nezinambuzane.

Kwezinambuzane zeklabishi laseChinese eziyingozi kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Cruciferous flea. Izinambuzane kanye nezibungu zazo zidla izicubu zezitshalo, ngokoqobo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ziguqula amahlamvu entweni ebukeka njenge-colander. Isonto ngemuva kokutshala noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuvela kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi embhedeni ifafazwa ngengxube yepelepele yomhlaba, amashiphu kagwayi nomlotha wezinkuni otshalwe ngokulingana okulingana. Uma i-flea isencane, izitshalo zifafazwa nge-tinctures ye-tansy noma i-celandine. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuhlaselwe abantu abaningi, kusetshenziswa uFoxim, Aktaru, uFilipinozid.
• Amacimbi ama-butterflies nama-scoops amhlophe. Izinambuzane zidla amaqabunga emaphethelweni. Ngokushesha kakhulu, yizimbotshana kuphela nemithambo esele kuzo. Umsebenzi ophakeme wabantu abadala wenzeka ngoMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, hhayi kude nombhede, ungabeka i-pheromone ekhethekile noma izicupho zasekhaya (iziqukathi ezijulile ezigcwele isiraphu kashukela noma uju oluhlanjululwe ngamanzi). Ebusuku, izimvemvane zindiza zikhanya - lesi sici singasetshenziswa futhi. Abanye abalimi bamboza umbhede ngenetha elinethele - kule ndaba, izimvemvane ngokwasemzimbeni ngeke zikwazi ukubeka amaqanda emaqabungeni. Esimweni sokuhlasela kwabo okukhulu, iLepidocide, Bitoxibacillin kusetshenziselwa ukulwa nabantu abadala. Ama-larvae abhujiswa yi-Actellik, Tanrek, Mospilan.
• Impukane yeklabishi. Izibungu zilimaza izimpande zesitshalo, zingene phakathi kweziqu zazo, zidle “imigudu” ende kuzo. Ukuvimbela, izitshalo nenhlabathi kufafazwa ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi noma i-gruel yegalikhi. Ukuze ulwe nokusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane Mospilan, Fury, Fufanon.
• Ama-aphid. Izinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza zinamathela emaqabungeni, zondla izijusi zezitshalo. Amabala amancane we-beige akhiwa phezu kwabo, abonakala ngokucacile ku-lumen. Ukuvimbela, iklabishi ifafazwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto ngama-infusions alungiselelwe kusuka kunoma yimiphi amakhambi abukhali. Ungasebenzisa futhi imicibisholo ye-anyanisi nelegalikhi, iziqongo zamatamatisi, ikhasi le-lime, i-mustard powder nokunye kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingavuthiwe. Bazosiza uma ukubonakala kwembethe kubonwa ngesikhathi. Imvamisa yezindlela zokwelapha yandiswa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngosuku. Uma ungekho umphumela owufunayo, noma yiziphi izinambuzane ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile - Inta-Vir, Iskra-Bio, Confidor-Maxi, Admiral.
• Iminenke kanye nama-slugs. Izinambuzane zidla izimbobo ezinkulu ngamaqabunga kanye nama-petioles, zishiya ungqimba lwesiqobelo esinamathela saphonsa ebusweni. Ukuhlasela kwabo okukhulu akuvamile kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ungene ngezindlela zabantu. Indlela elula yokulwa nama-slugs ukuqoqwa kwezandla. Amathangi ajulile nawo agaywa emhlabathini, agcwalisa ubhiya, i-kvass ebilisiwe, izingcezu zeklabishi. Noma imiphi amakhambi abilayo, ama-marigolds, i-calendula, i-chamomile ne-lavender atshalwe eceleni kwensimu. Isisekelo sesiqu sizungezwe “yisithiyo” sezinaliti ezi-spruce, isihlabathi, i-walnut oqoshiwe noma amagobolondo amaqanda. "I-artillery esindayo" ngokumelene nama-slugs - iMeta, ukuduma, amalungiselelo weSludge.

Igalari yezithombe: ukuthi iziphi izinambuzane eziyingozi kusiko lamaShayina zibukeka kanjani

Ukuze ugweme izifo zokukhunta, njengomthetho, ukwelashwa kwembewu okwandulelayo kusisombululo se-fungicide yemvelaphi yemvelo kwanele. Ama-causative agents abolile, i-bacteriosis, i-Downy ne-powdery isikhutha awabekezeleli i-compounds yethusi. Ukuqashelwa kokuphumula phakathi kwezitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu - ngotshani obukhulu, izinhlamvu ukhunta zisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuze uvimbele, amanzi okunisela angashintshwa kanye ngesonto ngesisombululo esi-pink esise-potanganum permanganate. Inhlabathi engadini ifafazwa ngushoko ochotshoziwe, isalfure ye-colloidal, izitshalo ngokwazo zibhuquzwa ngomlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe, afafazwe ngamanzi afakwe i-kefir noma i-Whey (1: 10) nge-iodine (eyehla ilitha). Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukusebenzisa noma yimaphi amakhemikhali ukulwa nesikhunta - ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokukhula, lokhu kuzothinta ikhwalithi yesitshalo esizayo. Uma kungekho ukukhetha, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe kuma-fungicides emvelaphi yemvelo.

Ingozi enkulu kwiklabishi yaseChinese i-keel. Ezimpandeni zesitshalo, amafomu akhula amabi, ingxenye esemoyeni iyoma. Sekuvele akwenzeki ukumelapha, kusale kuphela ukuklebhula nokushisa. Ukuvikela okungcono ukujikeleza kwezitshalo. Ngemuva kwanoma yiziphi izilimo zeCrciferous, umndeni ofanayo awungatshalwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-4-5 kamuva.

Igalari yezithombe: izimpawu zezifo iklabishi laseChinese elingaba nazo

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvunwa kunganqunywa ngokushesha nje lapho kunamaqabunga angama-9- 10 esitolo. Iklabishi elincane laseChinese elithandwayo ezweni, e-Asia. Lapho-ke ungakhumula kancane kancane amaqabunga njengoba ekhula. Enye inketho ukusika izisekelo ngokuphelele lapho ukuphakama nobubanzi bawo kufinyelele usayizi wesimo sezinhlobonhlobo. Kepha kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi ungephuzi, amaqabunga eklabishi laseShayina elivulekile ngokushesha aqhekeka.

Okusha okwesikhathi eside akunakwenzeka ukusindisa ukuvuna kweklabishi laseShayina

Kaningi, imifino isetshenziswa okusha. Kepha uma ufisa, ungagcina iklabishi laseShayina izinyanga ezingama-2-3. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izitshalo zimbiwa kanye nezimpande futhi “zitshalwe” emabhokisini ngesihlabathi esimanzi noma nge-peat. Kwenziwa okufanayo uma kulindeleke ukuthi ukupholisa kufinyelele ku--10 ° C noma ngaphansi, bese isivuno singakakhuli. Izitolo ezitolo emiphongolweni emazingeni okushisa angama-2-5 ° C. Umoya omncane kanye nomswakama ophezulu (70% noma ngaphezulu) nawo uyadingeka.

Amasokisi owembiwe anezimpande “atshalwa” ebhokisini elinesihlabathi noma i-peat futhi athunyelwa egumbini elingaphansi

Amacembe amasha agcinwa esiqandisini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ahlukaniswe "anyanisi", hlamba, bamba umswakama ngokweqile ngethawula lephepha bese ufakwa esiqandisini, ukubeka, kufana nesixha, esitsheni samanzi nokumboza ngesikhwama sepulasitiki ngaphezulu. Ungazisongelela ngendwangu yekotini engamanzi. Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, amaqabunga awalahlekelwa yilutho lwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.

Amaqabunga eklabishi laseChinese ayahlanzwa ngaphambi kokubekeka esiqandisini ukuze angapheli, kubalulekile ukuba kulondolozwe umswakama ophezulu

Ngandlela thile okuvame kakhulu, kubanda futhi komiswe amaqabunga eklabishi laseChinese akwenziwa. E-Asia, kufakwa usawoti bese kukhiwa.

Akukho lutho olunzima ekukhuleni iklabishi laseShayina esakhiweni sezwe. Lesi sitshalo asinambulelo ngokumangazayo futhi ezimeni zesimo sezulu saseRussia esishisayo singakhiqiza izitshalo eziningana ngesizini, kufaka phakathi lapho sitshalwe endaweni evulekile. I-Pak-choi ivuthwa kakhulu kunamanye imifino, okukuvumela ukuthi uguqule imenyu entwasahlobo ngokuphelele. Ukunambitheka kwakhe kuhle kakhulu, futhi ngemihlomulo yezempilo, udlula izinhlobo eziningi zeklabishi ajwayelekile kubalimi.