Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi zabalimi zanamuhla, labo abahlukaniswa ngamagama okuqala babonakala bethakazelisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, uma uzwile ngamatamatisi aseJapane weTruffle, cishe uzofuna ukuzijwayeza ngencazelo kanye nezici zazo, okungase kube yisizathu sokulima. Kulesi sihloko sizokunikeza leli thuba futhi sikutshele ngokubonakala kwamatamatisi angavamile, ukuhlukahluka kwe-varietal nokuguqulwa kwe-agrotechnology.
Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Lokhu ezihlukahlukene ezingapheliyo (ayinayo iphuzu lokugcina) ayihlukaniswa yizivuno eziphakeme (kuphela ngo-2-4 kg utamatisi ovela esihlahleni esisodwa), noma ngejubane lokuvuthwa kwezithelo (ngezinsuku ezingu-110-120 emva kokutshala), kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubukeka okungavamile izithelo kanye nedatha yokunambitheka okuhle ayikwazanga ukushiya izakhamuzi zasehlobo zingaboni. Izihlahla zamatamatisi "I-truffle yaseJapane" iphezulu futhi, lapho ihlalwa endaweni yokushisa, ivame ukufika ngamamitha amabili ukuphakama. Emhlabathini ovulekile, lezi zindinganiso zilula kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile azidluli ku-1.5 m. Kunoma yikuphi, kungakhathaliseki indawo ethile yokukhula, ukuqhuma kuyodingeka kuhlanganiswe. 
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-truffle yaseJapane" inehlukahluka eziningana, umehluko phakathi kwabo kuboniswa embala wezithelo nezithelo zokunambitha. Ngakho-ke, kukhona utamatisi obusika obomvu, omnyama, o-orange, obomvana ngisho "utamatisi" wegolide. Zonke izithelo ziphakathi kwezinto futhi zibhekwa ukukhwabanisa okukhanyayo. Isisindo sawo utamatisi sifinyelela ngokujwayelekile 100-200 g, futhi, ngokuyinhloko, zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ziveza izithelo ezinomsoco, ezincane, kodwa nge-flavour ngayinye. Isibonelo, ngenxa yobumnandi obuphezulu bezithelo ze-Japanese Golden Truffle, zivame ukudliwa njengezithelo ezivamile.
Kubalulekile! Utamatisi wazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo unesikhumba esinyene nenyama, okwenza kube yindawo enhle yokuhamba nokugcina.
Izinhlamvu nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene
"I-truffle yaseJapane" ayisajwayele kakhulu abalimi basekhaya, kodwa ngenxa yegama elinjalo eliyingqayizivele, inani elikhulayo lezakhamuzi zasehlobo zinesithakazelo kuzo. Kwathathwa ezindaweni ezivulekile zaseRussian Federation futhi kubhaliswe ngo-2000 njengezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid, ezifanelekile ukulima emhlabathini ovulekile nasezimo zokushisa. Abaningi besifazane sebeye bakwazi ukuqonda izimfanelo zalo, basebenzisa ukulungiselela ukudla okusemathinini nezinye izitsha. 
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo kufanele futhi zithathwe ukuphikiswa kwesifo esiphakeme, futhi phakathi kokungalungi kwamatamatisi akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ukungaqiniseki kokudala utamatisi unamathele, ukutholakala ngokweqile ukuhluka kwezinga lokushisa, ukushayela okunamandla okunamandla nokunciphisa ngokwemifino.
Ukulima emhlabathini ovulekile, izifunda kuphela ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo zifanelekile, kuyilapho ukulima emgwaqeni ophakathi kuyadingeka ukutshala izithombo ze "truffles zaseJapan" ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ezingenakho umthelela ekuvuneni uma kuqhathaniswa neyaphambilini. Ukulima ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho ezihlukahlukene ze-pink akufanelekile "ama-truffles aseJapane". Ngemuva kokubukeza izici ezijwayelekile zesitshalo, sekuyisikhathi sokunaka izici ezikhona ezikhona.
"I-truffle ebomvu yaseJapan"
Kulokhu, lapho ukhula isitshalo, ungathembela ekukhetheni izithelo zombala obomvu obomvu nomthunzi omncane wesikhumba. Kumelwe ngitsho lokho kusuka ekubukeni kokubukeka komqondo, inhlanganisela enjalo ngandlela-thile ihlupha izithelo, izethula okuthile okubonakalayo ekubukeni kwayo. Ukunambitheka kwetamatisi obomvu "i-truffle yaseJapane" inambitheka encane, kodwa unike ubuhlungu obuphawulekayo - obukhulu ngezikhala. 
Uyazi? Utamatisi - indlu yokugcina izakhi (fibre, amavithamini weqembu B, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus nezinye izakhi ezibalulekile), kodwa iningi lezakhi zomsoco ezitholakala ezitshalweni ezomile. Ngama-kilogram eyodwa kuzodingeka usebenze u-8-14 kg wesitshalo esisha.
"I-truffle emnyama yaseJapane"
Eqinisweni, izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo azizona ezimnyama, kodwa zibomvu, futhi ngezici ezijwayelekile zokunambitheka noma amafomu azifani nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izigungundlo zithi ukunambitheka kwamatamatisi omnyama "i-truffle yaseJapane" kuhlanjululwe kangcono kunabanye abameleli, futhi ngenxa yalokho bayithandayo. 
"I-truffle yase-Japanese pink"
Uma uhlukanisa leli tamatisi, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa ukunambitheka okumnandi kuphela nombala obomvana wezithelo, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho kufana nezamatamatisi wangaphambilini: kunjengobukhulu futhi obuhle kakhulu ukulondolozwa.
Noma kunjalo, abalimi abathile bakhula njengesihlahla sehlobiso esizeni sabo. Izithelo zesisindo sesisindo kusuka ku-100-150 g.
"Isibhamu segolide saseJapan"
Le utamatisi ingabizwa ngokuthi engavamile, ngoba umbala wesithelo sawo uhlukile kakhulu kumibono ejwayelekile mayelana nosawoti. Ngaphezu kombala ophuzi ophuzi, une-hue enhle yegolide. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zithokozisa kakhulu futhi zifana nezithelo ngezindlela eziningi. Isithelo esisodwa esinesisindo sinciphisa isilinganiso esingaba ngu-100-150 g. 
"I-truffle yase-Japanese orange"
Njengokwehlukahlukana kwangaphambilini, lo mmeleli utamatisi unokubonakala okungavamile kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuthi umbala wayo ujulile, nge-shadow orange shade.
Izithelo ezinemibala ehlathini ezivuthiwe zifinyelela ku-150-250 g, yize noma ngabe uzikhipha ezihlahleni kusengaphambili, akukho lutho olungalungile ngalokhu, ngoba utamatisi "uzokufinyelela" ngethempelini ngokuthula.
Uyazi? Utamatisi angama-95% amanzi futhi, ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukwelashwa kokushisa akunciphisi, kodwa kuthuthukisa kuphela izakhiwo zabo ezizuzisayo.
I-Agrotechnology
Uma ukhula izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi "i-truffle yaseJapane", njengoba kwenzeka ekutshalweni kwezinhlobo zezinye utamatisi, sonke isikhathi kusukela ekutshaleni imbewu kuya ekuvuneni singahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili: ukunakekelwa kwezithombo nokubhekwa kwezitshalo ezindala, futhi isigaba ngasinye sinalo izici
Sikukwazisa ukuthi uzijwayele ukucabangela kokwanda kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-tomato: "Persimmon", "i-Mikado Pink", "i-Golden Heart", "i-Honey Drop", "i-Honey Drop", "i-Raspberry Miracle", "i-Raspberry Giant", "Ukuthululwa Okumhlophe", i- "Bare Bearded", "Black Prince" "" Little Red Riding Hood "," Rapunzel ".
Izithombo zokuhlwanyela nokukhula
Uma ukuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe kuhlelwe emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuhlwanyela kwembewu yezithombo kuyenziwa kakade ngoMashi, ukuze ekupheleni kukaMeyi izithombo zingatshalwa endaweni engapheli yokukhula kwazo. Ngokuhlakulela okuqhubekayo kwe "truffles" ku-greenhouse, zombili lezi zikhathi zishintshwa ngenyanga edlule. 
I-substrate yokuhlwanyela imbewu ilungiswa kusengaphambili futhi kumele iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod, izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus kanye nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esihlungiwe. Le nhlabathi izovumela imbewu ukuba ikhule ngokushesha futhi ithole inani elidingekayo lezakhi kanye nokulandelela izakhi. Imbewu igxila emgodini we-substrate kuya ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha amabili futhi efafazwe phezulu kwendwangu encane yomhlabathi.
Iziqukathi ezinezithombo kufanele zigcinwe ekamelweni elifudumele lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingekho ngaphansi kwe-+16 ° C. Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga amabili angempela avela ezitshalweni, athathwa eziqukathi ezihlukene. Cishe ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala okuhlongozwayo emhlabathini ovulekile, kubalulekile ukuyiqamba ngezinhlanganisela zamaminerali, izingxenye eziyinhloko zazo eziyi-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Kubalulekile! Izithombo ezivela emhlabathini zidinga ukuba zikhishwe ngezikhathi ezithile, zikhulise indawo yokuhlala, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela eqala ukuqina, aqala ukuthunyelwa emkhathini wokuthola imishini.
Ukufika emhlabathini
Ukutshala kabusha endaweni evamile emabhokisini ensimini kuyahlale kugxila ngenxa yezithombo, ngakho kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela inhlalakahle yayo ngaphansi kwezulu elivulekile. Yiqiniso, kuzokwenzeka ukuthi izitshalo zihlale phansi emgwaqweni kungakapheli isikhathi sokushona kwamaqhwa ebusuku. Ngokuqondene nokushisa kwenhlabathi, izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthi "i-truffle" yaseJapane yayizoba yi-+13 ° C ekujuleni okungaba ngu-20 cm. 
Ngaphambi kokubeka amahlumela amancane emigodini elungiselelwe, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ngamunye wabo futhi ukhethe kuphela onamandla kakhulu, ubeke eceleni izibonelo ngisho nezibonakaliso ezincane zezifo.
Izithombo zamatamatisi zitshalwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe, kulandela uhlelo 40 × 40 cm. Uma ulandela ngokuqinile yonke imithetho, ukulungiswa kwemibhede kufanele kwenziwe ngisho nasekwindla, ngokuqondene nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokuphezulu kwetamatisi ngesikhathi sokutshala emhlabathini kufanele kube inani elanele lezakhi.
Kubalulekile! Ezitshalweni ezitshaliwe kakhulu kakhulu izingane zokutholwa (ngokuvamile zihlangana ne-trunk of utamatisi), futhi ukuze zingasusi izakhi zazo, izinqubo ezinjalo kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha.
Ukunakekela nokuphuza
Zonke izinhlobonhlobo zikatamatisi zidinga ukwethulwa okuvamile kodwa okulinganiselwe koketshezi emhlabathini futhi, ngempela, "i-truffle" yaseJapane ayiyona into ehlukile kulokhu. Ukunisela kumele kwenziwe nsuku zonke noma zonke izinsuku, kusihlwa, besebenzisa amanzi afudumele ahlukaniswe ilanga ngabo. Ngemuva kokunisela, ukukhishwa kwesikhumba ngezikhathi ezithile kuyenzeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakhiwa kwe-crust ebusweni, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo singalulala umbhede ngokuhlwanyela, sisuse ukhula kuwo. 
Esinye sezici ze-utamatisi yihholo elisheshayo lamagatsha akhula, yingakho, ngemva kokutshala kabusha, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele siboshwe ekusekeleni. Uma ukushisa kwezinga lokushisa kuyizici zesifunda sakho ngisho nasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke kufanele uhlanganise ngaphezu kwezitshalo, utshani, amaqabunga owomile noma ngisho nezinsalela zezitshalo zokusanhlamvu. Yiqiniso, ukuze ungabungozi futhi uvikele izintwana ezincane ezifweni, kunokuba umbhede onjalo ungasebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile zokumboza.
Isici esibalulekile ekunakekeleni "i-truffle yaseJapane" isondlo esifanele futhi esifike ngesikhathi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali omanyolo kungenziwa kokubili ngaphansi kwempande nangendlela epholile, ukufafaza amaqabunga neziqu zezamatamatisi.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zokutshala utamatisi: "Gina", "Rio Grande", "Katya", "Liana", "Maryina Roshcha", "De Barao", "Yamal", "Pink Paradise", "Verlioka", "Dubrava" , "Olubomvu ubomvu", "Sanka", "Inhliziyo ye-Bull", "I-Sugar bison".
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, ukuhlukahluka okuchazwe kufanele kube ukuphikisana kakhulu nama-microorganisms we-pathogenic futhi kungenjalo akusikho ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-fungal, okuyinto evame kakhulu ukulimala kwesikhashana. 
Ngokwezibuyekezo zabalimi abaningi, lokhu kuyindaba, futhi kulokhu ukugula ngeke kukwazi ukubhubhisa ukutshala kwakho, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi utamatisi uzothinteka omunye, isifo esingajabulisi esibizwa ngokuthi i-fomoz. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje uma ubona ama-brown specks emaqenjini amaqabunga namasundu omnyama emzimbeni omncane wefungus equkethwe kuwo, masuse ngokushesha, futhi nawo izithelo ezithintekile. Amagatsha angaphathwa nge-Hom fungicide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyoba usizo ukunciphisa amandla okusebenzisa ama-fertilizer ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen futhi unciphise kancane ukunisela.
Uyazi? Ehunyushwe kusuka olimini lwesiGreki lasendulo, igama elithi "nitrogen" lisho "okungenampilo" - igama elinengqondo, enikezwa ukuthi into ayinayo iphunga, ukunambitheka noma umbala. Umzimba womuntu uqukethe cishe u-3% we-nitrogen.
Ngezinye izikhathi kukho utamatisi "i-truffle yaseJapane" kukhona indawo eyomile, ebonakala ngaphambi kwe-fomosis nokulimaza-cishe masinyane emva kokutshala izitshalo zibe ngumhlabathi ovulekile. Ukunquma ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kungenziwa ezindaweni ezomile emaqabunga ehlathini, okuyinto ngesayizi ingahluka kumamitha ambalwa kuya kumamitha amaningana. Amapuleti amaqabunga aphikisayo masinyane asomile bese ewa. Ukubhekana nalesi sifo, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa "Consento", "Antrakol" no "Tattu". 
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ze-"truffle" zaseJapane, ama-thrips, izibungu zesicabucabu nama-aphid, ngoba ukubhujiswa okwakusetshenziswa ngaso sonke isikhathi uKarbofos noBison, kungaba nesithakazelo. Ukuhlanganisa umphumela omuhle wokusetshenziswa kwamafungicide ngokuphatha amaqabunga nge sese namanzi.
Izimo ze-fruiting enkulu
Uma ufuna ukufezekisa isivuno esiphezulu kusuka utamatisi wakho, khona-ke ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambilini, inhlabathi esakhiweni esikhethiwe utamatisi iqala ukucutshungulwa kusukela ekwindla, ekwenzeni 1 imitha cishe 1-3 kg yama humus. Kuyoba usizo ukufaka isipuni esisodwa se-potashi nezipuni ezimbili ze-superphosphate.
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi i-substrate ine-acidity engathathi hlangothi, lapho i-ash ash efaka khona kuyo. Ngemuva komanyolo, ukumba umbhede ngokuqothulwa koqweqwe lomhlaba kwenziwa, futhi ukuze ulondoloze inani lokudla okunomsoco wenhlabathi, ama-clods amakhulu kufanele ashiywe phezulu (ngeke avumele iqhwa ukungena ezingxenyeni ezingezansi bese ugeza izici ezilandelanayo ezivela lapho). 
Lapho ukhetha isayithi lokutshala utamatisi "we-Japanese Truffle", zama ukugwema izindawo lapho izitshalo ezinomsoco zivame ukukhula khona, futhi ubeke okuthandayo kulabo abakhiwe khona anyanisi.
Futhi-ke, ukuthola isivuno esikhulu, izitshalo zizodinga ukunakekelwa okuhle ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo zokunisela, ukususa ama-stepsons nokufaka umquba.
Utamatisi "i-truffle yaseJapane" ayifanele ukunaka hhayi nje ngoba babonakala ngendlela engavamile, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokunambitheka nokukhetha kwabo okuhle ekunakekeleni. Konke lokhu kusikisela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, lezi zihlukahlukene zizobonakala zithandwa nakakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo zasekhaya.
