Abalimi abaningi abanolwazi kanye nama-amateurs bakhulisa amakhambi e-spice ahlukahlukene - kuwo wonke ama-infield nasefasiteleni lamabhodwe. Kanye ne-dill ejwayelekile, iparsley, i-basil ne-thyme, i-rosemary nayo iya ngokuthandwa. Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa lesi zinongo zaseYurophu eRussia nokuthi ungayenza kanjani?
Ngabe irosemary ibukeka kanjani kulowo mndeni
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi igama lesiko lipelwa kanjani: irosemary noma irosemary. I-rosemary kuphela, futhi akukho okunye.
Lesi sitshalo sincishisiwe, iMedithera ibhekwa njengeyikhaya layo, ngokunembe kakhulu - ingxenye esentshonalanga, lapho lotshani empeleni bukhula khona njengokhula - yonke indawo. Izindawo ezinamahlobo asishisayo, njengeCrimea, iKrasnoyarsk, zithanda kakhulu ukuthanda kwakhe. Ikhula kahle e-Ukraine.
I-Rosemary - isihlahla sobuhle obumangalisayo
Umndeni wakwaLamiaceae, ohlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-rosemary, ungowaluphi uhlobo olukhulu olubizwa ngokuthi yiRosemary. NgesiLatini, igama lesitshalo lizwakala njengeRosmarinus officinalis.
Amabhasi alesi sitshalo akhiwa kusuka amahlumela amade, agcina aba yizinkuni. Amaqabunga e-Lanceolate anemiphetho egoqiwe, luhlaza okotshani ngenhla nesiliva elincane elimhlophe, onephunga elimnandi nelikhanyayo. Abantu abaningi abakwazi ukusho ukuthi iphunga le-rosemary, ngoba emunweni walo onephunga izinaliti, i-eucalyptus, i-resin, i-camphor nelamula zibanjwa kanyekanye. Ukunambitheka kwamahlumela amancane namaqabunga kuyavutha, nokunambitheka okubabayo.
Isihlahla somhlanga esidala esimweni sezulu esifanele singafinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zalesi sitshalo ezihlukile ngokuchazayo: yilezo ezikhulayo, nalezo ezinwabuzelayo, ezinwebeka kububanzi. Enkabeni yeRussia, ama-rosemary bush aziphatha kahle ngesizotha, futhi ubukhulu bawo bubalelwa ku-70 cm ukuphakama nobubanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, kumbozwe ngezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, ziphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lilac, pinki. Izithelo yinothi elincane.
Uhlelo lwezimpande luhlotshiswe kakhulu, lufika kumamitha amabili lujule enhlabathini.
Kafushane ngomlando wokubukeka
Ngakho-ke iyini rosemary futhi yini ukusetshenziswa kwayo? Lesi sitshalo saziwa emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule. Ngokusho kwezinye izinganekwane, kukhulunywa ngombala obhakabhaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wezimbali zawo kwiNkosazana enguMariya, owafaka ingubo yakhe esihlahleni ukuvikela usana lukaJesu ekushisweni yilanga. Ngokuya kwezinye izinganekwane, ukubukeka kwezimbali ze-rosemary kwabangelwa amaconsi egwebu lolwandle, lapho kuzalwa khona unkulunkulukazi wobuhle nobuhle - u-Aphrodite phakathi kwamaGrikhi neVenus phakathi kwamaRoma.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amahlumela abekwe ku-rosemary ezandleni zabangasekho ukuze akhanyise indlela yabo bangene embusweni wamathunzi - eGibhithe. Wabuye wanezelwa edilini lomakoti, bahlobisa imvunulo yomshado yalabo abasanda kushada futhi baletha nezimbali ezincane zamagatsha ama-rosemary kubavakashi eYurophu ephakathi.
Kuyajabulisa ukwazi: ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, emadolobheni ahlukene kanye nasemazweni ahlukahlukene, i-rosemary yathathwa njengesitshalo sabathandi. Futhi uma ngemuva komshado igatsha le-rosemary elitshalwe abashadikazi abancane liqala ukukhula, lokhu kwakuthembisa impilo ende nejabulisayo kulo mbhangqwana, ugcwele uthando nokuzwana.
Ekuphekeni, kusetshenziswa amaqabunga ezithelo zomile nezithombo ezintsha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-rosemary ekuphekeni
Namuhla, lesi zinongo empeleni zinqoba izinhliziyo zama-gourmet ezivela emhlabeni wonke: umbuzo wokuthi ungangeza kuphi irosemary uthola izimpendulo eziningi. Amacembe omisiwe ahamba kahle nenhlanzi nenyama, kanye nemifino eminingi eyosiwe noma ebhakwe. Ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo nakho kuhlotshiswe ngamahlamvu amasha namahlumela.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kawoyela obalulekile nephunga elikhanyayo, lesi zinongo sidinga ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela okukhulu nangokulingene kakhulu.
Imvamisa, utshani bufakwa emaminithini ambalwa ngaphambi kokuphela kokupheka ukuze ugcizelele esitsheni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunobungozi bokuphazamisa iphunga nokunambitheka kwezithako ngokwazo.
Izici zokwelapha ze-rosemary
Umuthi wezipayisi unezinto ezinhle zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokulimala kwezilonda, futhi ubuyekeze umfutho wegazi ngamanani aphansi, uthinta kahle uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi unciphise ikhanda. Ama-decoctions we-rosemary asetshenziselwa ukubanda, izifo zesisu, futhi njenge-choleretic ne-diuretic. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, kubalulekile ukuqoqa futhi ukhiphe irosemary ukuze uphinde uyiqede ngekhabethe lakho lomuthi wasekhaya.
Ukukhula kweRosemary eMiddle Strip
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-rosemary isitshalo esithanda ukushisa, ngakho abalimi abaningi banombuzo: bangayitshala kanjani i-rosemary uma lungekho kwaphela ilanga ezweni?
I-Rosemary: lapho ungatshala khona engadini
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukunquma ukuthi i-rosemary izoba iminyaka yonyaka noma yonyaka? Isitshalo uqobo ngokwaso siyenzeka njalo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi asikwazi ukusinikeza izimo zokupholisa ubusika noma ukufakelwa kwenye indawo, ngakho kwesinye isikhathi sikhulelwa isizini eyodwa kuphela. Ezindaweni ezingaphansi nasezifundeni ezijwayelekile ezinobusika obubandayo, lesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke.
Ukutshala i-rosemary kufanele nokunakekela isithombo
Kunoma ikuphi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinongo zithanda ilanga nokushisa, azibekezeleli ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa, isimo sezulu esibandayo nomswakama omningi. Ngakho-ke, indawo enhle lapho ungatshala khona kuzoba uhlangothi oluseningizimu noma olusempumalanga, olukhanyiswe kahle yilanga. Kungcono ukutshala isihlahlana ohlangothini lwaseningizimu lwendlu - kuzovikela lesi sitshalo emimoyeni enamandla, futhi kubusa iphunga elimnandi emakamelweni.
Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha indawo ukuze amanzi angagxili, uma kungenjalo, isitshalo sizofa ngokushesha okukhulu. I-Thyme, i-basil, i-laurel, i-dill ne-parsley bayoba omakhelwane abahle be-rosemary. Abanye abalimi bayitshala futhi eduze kwamakhukhamba nabamele abahlukahlukene bomndeni osondelene, ngoba iphunga lesitshalo liyazidonsa kahle izinambuzane. Kepha lwesinaphi nehashi lamahhashi kuzosheshe kubhubhise umakhelwane wabo waseMedithera.
Inhlabathi
Kungcono ukutshala izinongo enhlabathini evunyelwe, enesihlabathi equkethe inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ikhishwe kahle futhi ibe nokulinganisela kwe-acid okwamayunithi angama-6-7. I-acidic eningi, kanye nenhlabathi ye-alkaline kakhulu ichitha lesi sitshalo.
Inhlabathi efanelekile ingenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuthatha izingxenye ezimbili zomquba, ingxenye yesihlabathi nengxenye yamatshe amancanyana. Esikhundleni sesihlabathi selamula, ungathatha noma yikuphi okunye, kepha kulokhu uzodinga izengezo ze-dolomite, ngenani lezipuni ezimbalwa kulo lonke amalitha ama-5 wexube.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze uthole impilo engcono nokukhula kwesihlahla, kuyadingeka ukuyondla ngesikhathi esifanele. Isikimu esifanelekayo sokudla yile ngokulandelana okulandelayo: entwasahlobo, kusetshenziswa umquba we-nitrogen, ehlobo - kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ebusika - i-phosphate. Ukudla okunjalo kuzovumela utshani ukuthi bukhule kahle.
Kubalulekile! Umanyolo wePhosphoric ufaka i-superphosphate nama-ammophos, kuyilapho umanyolo we-nitrogen ufaka i-ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate ne-ammonium sulfonitrate.
I-Pinching rosemary
Kokubili emabhodweni nasengadini, i-rosemary idinga ukufaka izikhonkwane - lokhu kuyasiza ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha. Imvamisa kuphela amahlumela amancane ancishisiwe (kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-15 cm wengxenye ye-apical). Amagatsha asikiwe noma asikiwe we-rosemary angasetshenziswa njengesithako ekuphekeni, noma angasetshenziselwe ukukhulisa isihlahla esisha.
Ukungena ngemvume ngesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokukhula kahle
Isakaza kanjani rosemary
Isitshalo sasendle sisakazeka ngembewu, noma kunjalo, ngokutshala okufakwayo, amathuba okusakazeka kwawo andiswa kakhulu.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukuze ukhule imbewu ye-rosemary, udinga ukuthatha i-gauze noma isicindezelo sezicubu, usuthise bese ubeka imbewu ungqimba olulodwa phakathi kwezingqimba. Faka i-gauze endaweni efudumele - izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma lingama-20-22 ° C. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi i-gauze ayomile - ngoba lokhu kudinga ukufafazwa ngendlela yesikhathi esivela kusibhamu sokufafaza.
Lapho izimpande zivela, izithombo zizobe sezilungile. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa inhlabathi: kumele inyanyiswe, kepha ingabi manzi. Imbewu ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kwezicubu - izimpande zintekenteke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthi ungazilimazi, bese zibekwa phansi. Ukusuka phezulu ambozwe ungqimba lomhlaba (0.5-1 cm) futhi athambise umhlaba ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Isitsha somhlabathi simbozwe ngesembozo noma nge-polyethylene, sishiya izimbobo eziningana zokuphefumula, bese silinda amahlumela okuqala.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhluma kwalesi sitshalo akuyona amaphesenti ayikhulu, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhluma imbewu eningi kunalokho abazoyitshala ekugcineni.
Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, kuyadingeka ukususa isembozo noma i-polyethylene bese usetha isitsha elangeni - lokhu kuzovumela amahlumela ukuthi athole amandla ngokushesha futhi akhule. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga eqiniso amabili noma amathathu, izithombo zidluliselwa kwezinye zezitsha. Uma uhlela ukutshala i-rosemary entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile, khona-ke kungcono ukumila imbewu kusuka maphakathi nokuphela kukaFebhuwari, njengoba lesi sitshalo sihluma isikhathi eside, noma ngabe uyinakekela ngokucophelela.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Indlela elula ukususa izingcezu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika isiqu esihlahleni cishe nge-10-15 cm. Ukusuka phansi, hlukana nawo wonke amaqabunga bese ubeka izingcezu esitsheni esinamanzi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, izimpande zokuqala zizovela, kuthi emva kwesonto zingatshalwa emhlabathini.
Ukusakazwa ngokusikeka kuyindlela elula yokuzalela irosemary.
Ukulala komoya
Indlela yokubeka umoya isetshenziswa kakhulu ezihlahleni. Endabeni ye-rosemary, indlela izovivinywa kakhudlwana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa ngokucophelela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-cortex engxenyeni eqinile yesibhamu, cishe ngo-20-30 cm ukusuka phezulu. Ngemuva kwalokho amboze le ndawo kusuka elangeni futhi uzungeze ngomhlaba ofudumele futhi omanzi noma moss. Lapho izimpande ziqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo, le ngxenye yehlumela ihlukaniswa nesihlahla esikhulu bese itshalwe emhlabathini.
Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush
Indlela elula kungaba ukuhlukanisa isihlahla esikhulu sibe yincane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bhala ngokucophelela isihlahla sonke kanye nezimpande bese uhlukanisa ngokucophelela amahlumela ngesistimu ehlukile yezithelo, bese utshala izihlahla ezintsha kude okungenani ezingama-50 cm komunye nomunye.
I-Rosemary: Izici zokukhula emkhakheni ovulekile e-Urals
Uma ufuna i-rosemary unyaka wonke - ukulinywa kwangaphandle akusona isixazululo esihle, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nezwe. Isitshalo sidinga ilanga eliningi nokushisa, futhi izinguquko ngokuzumayo zokushisa noma ubusika obubandayo ziyosicekela phansi.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho nasezifundeni zaseMoscow Region, lesi sitshalo asihlali siphatha amandla okusinda ebusika, yize izimpande zimbozwe ngokhuni ebusika. Yini esingayisho nge-Urals, lapho ukutshala i-rosemary endaweni evulekile kumane kungenzeki.
Kungakho ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho izinongo zitshalwa ezimbizeni bese zithathwa kuphela ehlobo, lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifudumele, okungenani ukushisa okungu-15 ° C. Futhi i-rosemary, ne-thyme, nezinye izitshalo eziningi ze-thermophilic ngale ndlela zingaqhakaza futhi zijabulise abalimi unyaka wonke. Ngasikhathi sinye, le ndlela yokukhula ngeke ibangele inkathazo - udinga nje ukufakelwa isitshalo ngesikhathi njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula lube ngamabhodwe amakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo kuzofana ncamashi nokukhula kwaso emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukukhula ngamabhodwe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sezulu esibandayo.
I-Rosemary: Izici zokukhula endaweni evulekile eSiberia
Endabeni yama-Urals, irosemary ekhulayo eSiberia endaweni evulekile kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi odabukisayo, onqandeka kangcono.
Vele, abanye abalimi bakhetha ukutshala izinongo ngehlobo elilodwa kuphela. Abanye batshala amakhasi emhlabathini ngokuqala kokushisa okuzinzile, bese bekuphindisela kuwo emabhodweni ekwindla. Futhi inketho enhle yokukhula kwe-rosemary, kepha izimpande zayo ezintekenteke azihlali zisinda kulezi zinguquko ezihlala njalo zokuhlala.
Ungakhula kanjani irosemary ekhaya kwi-sill yewindows kusuka imbewu
Ukulima izinongo ekhaya akunzima: udinga ukumila imbewu ngale ndlela, utshale izithombo ezitsheni ezihlukile, futhi njengoba zikhula esikhundleni somhlaba ovulekile, faka izitshalo zibe ngamabhodwe amaningi.
Kubalulekile! Kuyadingeka ukuncipha iziqongo ngendlela yesikhathi bese wakhe isihlahla ukuze singakhuli ngokweqile.
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo nezinhlobonhlobo zokusebenzisa, i-rosemary iya ngokuya iba yisitshalo esikhulwe kuma-sill wewindows. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kumanele - khona-ke uzokujabulela ngephunga elicebile nombala ogqamile.
