Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungathola isiza sengadi, lapho kuzoba khona insimu encane okungenani ngama-sitrobheli. Kodwa ngisho nezihlahla zezinhlobo ezikhethekile ziyaguga kancane kancane, ukukhiqiza kuyancipha, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuyawohloka. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, yonke iminyaka emi-2-3 yokutshala kufanele ivuselelwe. Ama-Strawberry asakazeka kalula ngazo zombili izindlela zokusungula nezokuzala.
Amadevu Strawberry Propagation
Indlela elula futhi esheshayo yokuthola isihlahla esisha se-sitrobheli, esidinga umlimi isikhathi esincane nomzamo - ukusakazwa kwamahlumela aseceleni, noma amadevu. Le ndlela ihlinzekwe yimvelo uqobo. On amadevu okwakha, ama-rosette nezimpande ziqala ukukhula. Lapho zimiswe ziqinile emhlabathini, ihlumela liyoma, futhi isitshalo esisha sihlukaniswe ngumama.
Ukwehlisa amadevu - indlela elula yokuthola ama-sitrobheli amasha wezinhlobonhlobo ezithile
Ngakho-ke ukutholakala kwe-sitrobheli okugciniwe kugcina ngokuphelele izici ezihlukile ze- "mzali". Amadevu akhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, akhiwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kwemizamo evela kumgcini wegadi. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yale ndlela ukuthi kuthatha umzamo omkhulu ukwakha ama-rosette amasha esithelweni. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthola isivuno esiningi kusuka kuso kule sizini. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukunquma kuqala amahlathi amaningana amahle, kugxilwe enombolweni, usayizi, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kanye nenombolo "yezimpondo", futhi kuzisebenzisele ukusakazeka.
Izisekelo ezintsha kumadevu we-sitrobheli ziqala ukwakha ngoJuni
Njengomthetho, izinhlobo eziningi zama-sitrobheli azinankinga ngokwakhiwa kwamakhaza. Ngokuphambene nalokho, bakhiwa ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhipha okwedlulele, ungashiyi izicucu ezingaphezu kuka-5-7 esihlahleni ngasinye ukuze izisekelo ezintsha ezine-system enezimpande ezinamandla zikhule. Ukwakheka kwamakhilikithi kuqala lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lifinyelela ku-15 ºС, kanti amahora okukhanya kwemini aqhubeka okungenani amahora ayi-12.
Kude kusuka esihlahleni sikamama, kuncipha izisekelo "zendodakazi"
Amadevu amiswe ngoJulayi ahamba phambili futhi ashesha ukuthatha izimpande. Kokukodwa, hhayi okukodwa, kepha kungakhiwa izitolo ezintsha ezi-3-4. Kepha anamandla kunawo wonke yilezo ezisondele ehlahleni lukamama. Ngakho-ke, i-3-5 cm ngemuva kweyokuqala noma yesibili (uma udinga ukuthola izithombo eziningi), izitolo ezinesikhafu esibukhali noma ummese zisikwa ekhoneni lika-40-45 ºº. Zonke izithungo zezimbali ezakhiwa emahlaqweni kamama zisuswa ngokushesha ukuze isitshalo singachithi amandla kuzo.
Ungagijimeli ukuhlukanisa izitolo ezintsha esitshalweni somama, vumela ifomu lesistimu elisunguliwe
Ukusika amadevu ngaphambi kwesikhathi akufanele. Indawo ngayinye ephumayo inika amandla kokulandelayo, futhi lapho zithola amanzi, izinto ezidingekayo zama-macro kanye nama-macro avela esihlahleni sikamama.
Okulandelayo, sebenza ngokulandela i-algorithm elandelayo:
- Lapho izimpande ziqala ukwakha amadevu akhethiwe, anamathiselwa emhlabathini ngesiqeshana secingo noma i-hairpin. Le ndawo imbozwe ngenhlabathi evundile noma i-humus. Ungimba futhi inkomishi ye-peat noma yepulasitiki emhlabathini, ucwenge ingxenye yesithathu. Zigcwele inhlabathi ekhethekile yezithombo. Kulesi simo, ukucindezelwa akunakuvinjwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kuyancitshiswa, ngoba ihlathi elisha lisuswa emhlabathini kanye nesixha somhlaba, ngisho nezimpande ezincane azonakalisi.
Ama-ratchtes e-Strawberry aqala ukuthatha izimpande cishe ngaphandle kosizo lomlimi, kepha angazisiza zenze uhlelo olunamandla nezithuthukisiwe.
- Ukukhishwa okuzayo kuniselwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe ihlale inomswakama omncane, ikakhulukazi uma kushisa ngaphandle. Ngemuva kwemvula ngayinye, inhlabathi ezungezile iyathukululwa ngobumnene.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki angaba ngu-8-10, izitolo ezintsha zikulungele ukufakelwa. Isikhathi esifanele sale nqubo sisukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya eminyakeni eyishumi kaSeptemba. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike kwisimo sezulu esifundeni. Kufanele babe "nenhliziyo" eyenziwe kahle, okungenani amaqabunga ayi-4-5 kanye nezimpande eziyi-7 cm noma ngaphezulu ngobude. Ngenqubo, khetha usuku olomile kwelanga, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ngemuva kokushona kwelanga.
Ama-rosette Ready-to-transplant alungele ukuthutha kufanele abe nohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle namaqabunga aqinile, anempilo
- Amasokisi ahlukaniswe kwisitshalo somama futhi adluliselwa endaweni entsha enenhlama yomhlaba. Izimpunga zinqunywa cishe ngo-10 cm kusuka esihlahleni esikhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi kunconywa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kwenqubo, ukusisebenzisa ukuze sinciphise "ukuthembela" kwesitshalo esisha kumama. Ngakho-ke izoshintsha ngokushesha ukuthola konke okudingekayo enhlabathini kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwayo lwezimpande.
Ukuze izitolo ze-sitrobheli zithole izimpande ngempumelelo endaweni entsha, umbhede wazo udinga ukulungiswa kusengaphambili. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucubungula ukuthi yimaphi amasiko akhula endaweni ekhethiwe ngaphambili. Akunconyelwe ukutshala ama-sitrobheli ngemuva kwanoma iyiphi i-Solanaceous ne-Pumpkin, ama-raspberries, iminduze kanye ne-roses. Kepha izaqathe, beet, ama-radives, noma imuphi amakhambi kanye negalikhi banganduleli abalungile. I-anyanisi neLegumes nazo zamukelekile, kodwa kuphela uma unesiqiniseko ngokuphelele sokuthi azikho iziqu emhlabathini.
Indawo yama-sitrobheli ikhethiwe ilanga, kuyilapho kululeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa emithambekeni yomoya obandayo
Kuma-sitrobheli, indawo efudumele kahle, noma ithambekele kancane, ilungile. Inhlabathi idinga ukukhanya, kepha okunempilo (i-sandy loam, loam). Kusukela ekwindla, umbhede wengadi ubilokwe ngokucophelela; ngasikhathi sinye, yonke imfucumfucu yezitshalo nokhula kumele isuswe, kanye nomanyolo. Kumamitha ayi-1 agijimayo, ama-8-10 kg we-humus nama-35-40 g we-superphosphate anele. Futhi ungasebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezilimo eziyizigaxa zama-berry (i-Agricola, Kemira-Lux, Zdraven, Rubin), uma nje kungekho chlorine ekwakhiweni. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, umbhede ufafazwa ungqimba olunesihlabathi esincane bese inhlabathi ithukululwa, ivalwe ijule. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela ama-sitrobheli ezinambuzaneni eziningi.
URuby ungomunye womanyolo abakhethelwe ama-sitrobheli engadini, angasetshenziswa ukulungisa imibhede yama-sitrobheli
Uma umbhede onama-sitrobheli uhlanganisiwe noma uqiniswe ngesendlalelo sezinto zokumboza, amadevu awunalo ithuba lokumpande. Kulesi simo, banqunywe, bathambisa cishe usuku emanzini okushisa kweleveli ngokufakwa kwanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant yemvelo noma yokufakelwa (i-Kornevin, i-Zircon, i-Epin, i-potassium humate, i-presinic acid, ijusi le-aloe).
Uma ama-sitrobheli ekhulile ngaphansi kokumboza okuthile, ngeke akwazi ukuzifaka ezitolo ezintsha
Ngemuva kwalokho atshalwe embhedeni olungiselelwe enhlabathini evulekile engenacala. Inketho engcono kakhulu ingxube yama-peat chips, inhlabathi ejwayelekile yengadi nesihlabathi esikhulu somfula ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1: 1. Amadevu atshalwe kuma-grooves ngokujula kwama-2-2,5 cm, ngokuqinile, abeka izingcezu eziyi-100-120 nge-1 m².
Ukuvikela kusuka elangeni eliqondile phezu kokwehla emasontweni amathathu okuqala, kwakhiwa i-canopy kunoma iyiphi impahla embozwe okumhlophe. Lapho umhlabathi womisa, isendlalelo esingaphansi komhlaba simanzi. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, amadevu amaningi azokwakha uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe, futhi angadluliselwa endaweni yaphakade.
Ngokomqondo, uma kunesikhala esanele embhedeni, ungasiphula ngokushesha amadevu lapha, uvikele ingcindezi engenakuvinjwa yezitshalo ezihambisana nokufakelwa. Kulokhu, kwakheka uhlelo lwezimpande emahlathini amasha e-sitrobheli, aba namandla okumelana nesomiso. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwizifunda zaseningizimu ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo. Udinga nje ukuqondisa amadevu okwakha endaweni oyifunayo bese uwawalungisa kulesi sikhundla, udala umugqa omusha. Ukuphela kwe-caatat - kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhiphe izitolo zokuthenga ngokuqondile, ngoba zona zokuqala ziseduze kakhulu nesitshalo somama. Ukuze zingaphazamisi, zithathe ukudla, zisika izimpande kanye / noma amaqabunga.
Uma kunesikhala esanele embhedeni wengadi, ungakwazi ukweqa izindawo ezintsha, ngokushesha wenze omunye umugqa
Ngokushoda kwendawo engadini noma esakhiweni, okubaluleke kakhulu kubanikazi bendawo "amahektare ayisithupha", ungathola isibalo esikhulu samabhasi amasha aqinile ngokutshala izihlahla eziningana ze-sitrobheli kwimbuthano eseduze yanoma yisiphi isihlahla sezithelo noma phakathi kwesihlahla sebhusha. Ehlobo, amadevu akuvumela ukuthi ukhule kunoma iyiphi indlela. Ababuthakathaka kancane kancane bayaliwa, kungashiyi izicucu ezingaphezu kuka-6-8 esihlahleni ngasinye. "Ingadi" ihlala ikhipha ukhula, inisele futhi ikhululwe ngobumnene. Ngokuwa, ama-rosette anamandla anezimpande ezithuthukisiwe ayakhiwa, athi kamuva athele izithelo kakhulu.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile abalimi
Kubukeka sengathi akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekusasazeni ama-sitrobheni enamadevu. Noma kunjalo, imvamisa inqubo ayinikezi imiphumela elindelekile ngenxa yamaphutha athile. Okujwayelekile kakhulu kubo:
- Amadevu axhumeka isitshalo sikamama kanye nokukhishwa okusha kunqunywa kusenesikhathi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlahla esisha asinaso isikhathi sokwenza uhlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukusika izimpande endaweni entsha (noma singathathi izimpande nakancane), futhi ngonyaka olandelayo silethe isivuno esincane kunalokho obekulindelwe. Ngisho nezinduna zokuqala zokuqala zakha ukuqala kwezimpande ngoJuni, uma unenhlanhla enkulu ngesimo sezulu - ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Zingahlukaniswa nesitshalo somzali hhayi ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezimbili (mhlawumbe ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili nesigamu).
- Inani lamadevu esihlahleni alilawulwa nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakhiwa izitolo eziningi ezintsha esihlahleni ngasinye somama, kodwa zincane futhi zingakhuli kahle. Okokuqala, yenza buthaka kakhulu isitshalo esiyinhloko, esingakwazi ukubanikeza umsoco owanele. Okwesibili, azifani ngokusebenza futhi zithatha isikhathi eside ukuthatha izimpande endaweni entsha ngemuva kokufakelwa.
- Amadevu aguquka asuka endaweni ethile aye kwesinye isikhathi. Izimpande zezitolo ezisencane zisathambile, lapho ukufakelwa ngakunye kulimala ngendlela engenakuvinjwa. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, isihlahla sikhula siba buthaka, sithatha izimpande isikhathi eside, bese sizakala sibi kakhulu.
- Inqubo yenziwa emvuleni noma ekushiseni ngokweqile. Isimo sezulu esipholile sama-Wet sinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo eziningi, izinhlavu zesikhunta zingena kalula ekusikeni. Ukushisa kunciphisa kakhulu izitshalo, ezinciphisa ukungagcineki kwawo.
- Amabhasi amasha athathelwa indawo yombhede ongalungiselelwe. Ngisho nezisekelo ezinamandla azithatheli kahle uma ukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala, zitshale emhlabathini ongafanele ama-sitrobheli, futhi ungangenisi umanyolo odingekayo enhlabathini.
Kungcono ukungabeki amadevu sitrobheli amahlandla amaningana, ngoba lesi sitshalo singaphansi kwengcindezi
Ividiyo: yisiphi isikhathi esingcono sokusabalalisa ama-sitrobheni ngamadevu
Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush
Kuyaqabukela, kepha nokho kukhona izinhlobo ze-sitrobheli (ikakhulukazi ezi-remontant) ezakha amadevu ngokunganqikazi. Futhi abafuyi bezindawo babuye bazala izinhlobo ezithile ezingahlanganisi umgomo (i-Trade Union, iRaymond, i-Snow White, u-Ali Baba, uVeska njalonjalo). Kuma-sitrobheli anjalo, kunenye indlela yokusabalalisa yemifino elondoloza ngokugcwele izici ezihlukile - ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-sitrobheli ezihlukaniswa ngokuzalaniswa azinawo amadevu, ngakho-ke indlela elula yokuzala
Le ndlela inezinye izinzuzo. Isibonelo, lapho sakaza ama-sitrobheli ngamadevu, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ngasikhathi sinye emthini owodwa isitshalo esiningi kanye nezithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Futhi esimweni sokuhlukanisa isihlahla, lokhu kungenzeka. Izitshalo ezintsha zinezimpande endaweni entsha. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi akukho ngaphezu kwe-10% yezitolo okufa.
Okokwehlukaniswa, kukhethwa kuphela ama-sitrobheli anempilo futhi athela izithelo, akumaka ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Le ndlela ilungele kuphela izitshalo ezinempilo ngokuphelele enohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe. Amabhishi akhethiwe kufanele ahlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze kube khona kwezimpawu zokubonakala kwezifo nokutholakala kokulimala kwezinambuzane. Ukutshala izinto “kuzodla ifa” kuzo zonke izinkinga ezikhona.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa amahlahla e-sitrobheli atheleleke kunoma yikuphi ukutheleleka, ngoba le nkinga izosakazekela ezitshalweni ezintsha
Ubudala obufanele bokwehlukana yiminyaka engu-2-4. Amakati amancane kakhulu ane "zimpondo" ezimbalwa kakhulu, futhi ezindala azisenazo isivuno esikhulu. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa, ngokuya ngosayizi waso, ungathola amakhophi amasha angama-5 kuye kwangama-15. Isidingo wukubakhona ngakunye kwalabo 'benhliziyo' okungenani nezimpande ezimbalwa.
Ukusuka esihlahleni sitrobheli esisodwa esidala, ungathola amakhophi amaningi amasha
Isikhathi esihle senqubo yingxenye yokuqala ka-Agasti, yize ungahlukanisa izihlahla kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Endaweni entsha, izisekelo zisuka ngokushesha ngokwanele, njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka kakade maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ukuvuna, noma kunjalo, akukuningi kakhulu, banikela ngonyaka olandelayo. Futhi ngonyaka afinyelela inani eliphakeme le-fruiting. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho, noma kunjalo, bayelulekwa ukuba balinde futhi banqume zonke iziqu zezimbali ezakha phakathi nenkathi yokuqala yesikhathi sokuvumela isihlahla ukwakha isistimu yezimpande ethuthukisiwe kanye nenqwaba eluhlaza enamandla.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi enqubeni ngokwayo:
- Isihlahla esikhethiwe sokotshwa sidonswa ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Kuyadingeka ukuzama ukugcina isigaxa sobumba ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.
Bumba isihlahla sotshani sokuhlukanisa, uzama ukungalimazi izimpande
- Amaqabunga omile naphuzi ayasuswa, lesi sitshalo sibekwa emgodini onamanzi okushisa egumbini. Ngokuthola igciwane, ungangezela amakristalu amaningana we-potassium permanganate (kumbala opinki).
- Lapho inhlabathi isihlala kusuka ezimpandeni kuya ezansi yetangi, ungaqala ukuhlukanisa isihlahla. Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, bazama ukukhulula izimpande ngezandla zabo, baphendukela ekusebenziseni ummese noma isikele kuphela njengezinyathelo sokugcina. Akunakwenzeka ukudonsa kakhulu ukuze ungalimazi "inhliziyo". Ithuluzi elisetshenzisiwe kumele livulwe futhi lihlanzwe.
Izimpande ze-Strawberry bush kulula ukuhlukanisa uma uzicwilisa emanzini
- Izimpande zomile futhi ziyahlolwa isikhathi esingaba ihora. Labo lapho iminonjana emincane yokubola, isikhunta, kanye nomsiki omnyama nokomisiwe uyabonakala. “Amanxeba” afafazwa ngoshoko oyimpuphu, namalahle ocushiwe, umlotha wezinkuni noma isinamoni.
- Izitolo ezintsha zidluliselwa endaweni ekhethiwe. Ukuvuselela ukukhula kwezimpande, iqabunga ngalinye elikhona linqunywa cishe yingxenye.
Lapho utshala izitolo ezincane ze-sitrobheli, udinga ukubuka ukuze ungajulisi "inhliziyo"
Uma, ngenxa yokuhlukanisa isihlahla, kutholwa izisekelo ezincane kakhulu, ngokusobala ezingenakuphikwa, zingatshalwa. Amabhishi anjalo atshalwe ezimbizeni ezincane noma ezingilazini ezigcwele ingxube yama-peat chips nenhlabathi yendawo yonke yezithombo. Qiniseka ukuthi uqiniseka ukuthi ungajuli “inhliziyo” ekujuleni. Ukutshala kuthakazelwa kakhulu, amabhodwe adluliselwa ku-greenhouse agcinwe lapho amasonto ama-4-6.
Ngisho nezikhoxe ezincane kakhulu ze-sitrobheli akufanele ziphonswe kude, uma uzikhulisela endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa, uthola izinto zokutshala ezisebenza ngokuphelele
Nakekela ukutshala okuncane kwe-sitrobheli
Ngemuva kokudluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo, ukunakekelwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Emavikini amabili okuqala, izihlahla ezincane zesitrobheli kufanele zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ukuchelela okuningi kuyadingeka futhi. I-mulching izosiza ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini. Futhi kusindisa isikhathi somgcini wegadi ekhuliseni imibhede. Cishe inyanga ngemuva kokutshala, ama-sitrobheli angondliwa nge-potassium sulfate noma noma yimuphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo ze-berry futhi athule izihlahla ngobumnene. Lokhu kugcina kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezimpande ezisebenzayo.
Tshala "izimpondo" ezintsha ngendlela efanayo nezithombo ezejwayelekile, uqaphela ibanga elinconywayo phakathi kwazo
Lapho ukutshala phakathi kwezihlahla naphakathi kwemigqa, kushiywe 35 cm cm. I-humus ifakwa emthonjeni ngamunye, igcwalisa cishe phakathi nendawo, idwala eligcobekile lezinkuni kanye nezipuni ze-superphosphate elula. Indawo okuphuma kuyo kufanele ibekwe phezu kwenhlabathi. Akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa ngomhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho isihlahla sizofa.
Ividiyo: inqubo yokwandisa ama-sitrobheli ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Khula sitrobheli kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Ukukhula kwama-sitrobheli kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuyindlela edla isikhathi, edla isikhathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuqinisekisi ukulondolozwa kwezinhlamvu ezihlukile, ngakho-ke, ayikufanelekeli ukwenziwa kabusha kwezinhlobo zayo ezingandile nezibalulekile. Abalimi be-Amateur baphendukela kuyo kuyaqabukela. Ngokuyinhloko, abafuyi abaqeqeshiwe abafuna ukuthuthukisa uhlobo olusha lokusabalalisa imbewu yesiko, kepha akekho owenqabayo ukuzama. Le ndlela futhi inenzuzo enkulu - izihlahla ezitshalwe kusuka ezinhlamvini azizuthwali njengezifo ezithathe isitshalo esidala. Kepha ayilungele nzalo.
Ezitolo ezikhethekile uhla oluningi olubanzi lwe-sitrobheli lwezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukene luyethulwa.
Imbewu yeStrawberry ingathengwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile, kodwa abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukuyiqoqa bebodwa. Zigcina ukuhluma isikhathi esingangonyaka. Kepha noma utshala imbewu entsha, akukho ngaphezu kwezingu-50-60% zezithombo ezizohluma.
Kungcono ukuqoqa imbewu yakho ye-sitrobheli ngokwakho - kulokhu ungaqiniseka ukuthi ziyohluma kahle
Ukusuka esihlahleni se-sitrobheli, udinga ukukhetha amajikijolo amakhulu amaningi avuthiwe bese usebenzisa i-scalpel noma i-razor blade ukusika ngokucophelela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-pulp cishe ngo-2 mm ubukhulu kusuka kuwo. Imichilo ephumayo yomiswa endaweni efudumele, igwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ibekwe phezu kwamathawula wephepha noma emapheshana kakotini. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, uginindela owomile uthathwa ngeminwe, uhlukanisa imbewu. Zigcineni ezikhwameni zamaphepha, ezikhwameni zelineni noma ezimbizeni zeglasi ezihlanganisiwe, iziqukathi zepulasitiki endaweni epholile eyomile.
Siphungwe ama-sitrobheli amakhulu afanelekela ukuqoqa imbewu.
Ividiyo: Ukuvunwa Kwembewu Strawberry
Ukuze amahlumela abonakale ngokushesha (ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-15 esikhundleni sejwayelekile kuma-sitrobheli 30-45), kunconywa i-stratification. Imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi esimanzi noma i-peat bese ibekwa esiqandisini izinyanga ezi-2-2,5, egumbini ekhethekile lokugcina imifino nezithelo, lapho kugcinwa khona izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile le-2-4 ºº. Njengoba yoma, isendlalelo esingaphansi komhlaba simanzi ngokulinganayo. Kuma-sitrobheli amancane anezithelo, isikhathi sokudonswa kwemithi sincishiswa saba izinyanga eziyi-1.5-2.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kukuvumela ukuthi ulingise "ubusika" bemvelo, phakathi nesikhathi lapho badlula khona ngezigaba eziningana zokukhula
Uma singekho isikhala esanele esiqandisini, isitsha esinezinhlamvu singahanjiswa ku-loggia ekhanyayo noma kuvulandi, siphonse iqhwa phezulu. Noma bamba ngqo engadini kusayithi, ngaphambi kokumaka indawo bese uqinisa isitsha ngefilimu.
Ukuvela kwezithombo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ze-sitrobheli, uma singakunaki ukutshala okwandulelayo, kuzodingeka silinde isikhathi eside
Imbewu Strawberry itshalwe engxenyeni yokuqala kaFebhuwari. Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi ethengiwe yomhlaba wonke ukuthola izithombo, kodwa abalimi abanolwazi bathanda ukuxuba i-substrate bebodwa.
- i-peat crumb, i-vermicompost nesihlabathi esimanzi emifula (3: 1: 1);
- umhlaba wamashidi, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus noma umquba womjikelezo (2: 1: 1);
- humus nanoma iyiphi i-baking powder: isihlabathi, i-perlite, i-vermiculite (5: 3).
Ukuvikela ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta, kufakwa umlotha wezinkuni noma ushoko ochotshoziwe emhlabathini ophelile - ngengilazi ngawo wonke amalitha ayi-5 engxube. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ibulawe amagciwane, ichithe amanzi abilayo noma isixazululo esipinki se-potassium permanganate, ukubala kuhhavini noma uqhwa kufriji. Izinsuku ezingama-7-7 ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, inhlabathi ifakwe kwisisombululo se-Fitosporin, iTrichodermin, iBaikal-EM1, i-Actofit. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodinga ukoma kahle.
IPotassium permanganate ingelinye lama-disinfectants ajwayelekile asiza ukubulala iningi lamagciwane.
Inqubo yokungena ngokwayo ibukeka kanjena:
- Imbewu ifakwe amahora ama-4-6 kusixazululo sanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant esitsheni esincane noma esongwe nge-gauze, izicubu. Lezo ezintanta phezulu zingaphonswa masinyane. Baqinisekisiwe ukuthi bangakhiqizi amahlumela. Abanye abalimi batusa ukuqinisa ukuqinisa ukuhluma. Izinsuku ezintathu, imbewu ezimbozwe nge-gauze emanzi zigcinwa esiqandisini ebusuku, futhi phakathi nosuku - endaweni efudumele nelanga kakhulu efulethini.
Imbewu enosawoti ikhulisa ukuhluma kwayo
- Cishe izi-2/3 zeziqukathi ezifulethini ezibanzi zigcwele ngengxube yenhlabathi elungiselelwe. Kudinga ukufakwa oswakanyiswe kahle futhi osikiwe, oncishisiwe kancane. Phansi, kugcwaliswa ungqimba lwesihlabathi noma ubumba olunwetshiwe olunobukhulu obuyi-1.5-2 cm .. Uma kuneqhwa, kungqimba ungqimba olungama-cm cm ngaphezu komhlaba.
- Imbewu itshalwe kuma-grooves ngokujula okungabi ngaphezu kwama-0.5 cm.I-3-4 cm ishiywe phakathi kwemigqa .. Ayifafazwa ngaphezulu kwayo.
Imbewu yeStrawberry ayidingi ukumbozwa ngenhlabathi
- Isitsha simbozwe ngopulasitiki noma ngengilazi, kuze kube ukuvela kugcinwa endaweni emnyama, efudumele. Ukutshala kufakwa umoya nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-5 ukuya kwengama-10, i-substrate iyanyiswa ngesifutho njengoba imile.
Ifilimu leplastiki noma ingilazi lisiza ukudala umphumela we "greenhouse", kepha i-conduction ivame ukuqoqana lapho, ngakho-ke indawo yokukhosela idinga ukuthi isuswe futhi ihanjiswe nsuku zonke
- Ngokushesha lapho kuqala ukuqandeka kwezithombo, indawo yokukhosela isuswe, isitsha sidluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo efulethini, ngokwesibonelo, efasiteleni lewindows elibheke eningizimu, eningizimu-mpumalanga. Kepha kungenzeka kakhulu, uzodinga ukukhanyiselwa okwengeziwe usebenzisa i-fluorescent evamile noma ama-phytolamp akhethekile. Amahora wemini adingekayo we-sitrobheni angamahora ayi-14-16. Izinga lokushisa ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela amaningi selincishisiwe lisuka ku-23-25 ºС laya ku-16-18 ºº ukuze izithombo zingalulwa ngokweqile.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle izithombo ze-sitrobheli, kukhanya okuningi kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo zizokwelula ngokweqile, iziqu zizothamba
- Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe lehliselwe ku-12-15 ºС. Inhlabathi ivame ukuthambisa umswakama ngokushesha lapho isendlalelo esiphezulu soma. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele kuthulwe izithombo ukuze zingakhubekisi ukuthuthukiswa "komlenze omnyama", okungabhubhisa izilimo esele zikulesi sigaba. Kodwa futhi kungathandeki ukuthola amanzi emaqabungeni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunisela ama-sitrobheli kusuka ku-pipette, ngaphansi kwempande. Kanye ngesonto kwanele. Uma isikhunta sivele ebusweni benhlabathi, inhlabathi ifafazwa ngesisombululo sanoma isiphi isikhunta semvelaphi yemvelo (i-Planriz, Maxim, iBaikal-EM1).
I-Planriz, njenganoma isiphi isikhunta semvelaphi yemvelo, iphephile izithombo, kepha ichitha isikhunta se-pathogenic
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sesiqu, ungathela ingxube yesihlabathi esihle nge-peat noma nge-humus. Kepha kuphela ngokucophelela ukuze ungaweli 'enhliziyweni ". Lokhu kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezimpande ezisebenzayo.
- Lapho kuvela amaqabunga eqiniso ayi-3-4, ayacosha. Ukwenza izithombo zikwazi ukukhipha kalula emhlabathini, kufanele kuqala ziniselwe kakhulu cishe isigamu sehora ngaphambi kwenqubo. Bakhutshwa esitsheni kanye nenhlama yomhlaba, bezama ukonakalisa izimpande zabo ngangokunokwenzeka. Udinga ukubabamba ngamaqabunga e-cotyledon, ngaphandle kwesiqu. Ngemuva kokufakelwa ezitsheni ngazinye, izitshalo ziniselwa ngokulinganayo.
Ngenkathi yokukhetha, izithombo zitshalwa ezindebe ezincane zepulasitiki noma kumabhodwe we-peat
- Izinsuku eziyishumi nambili ngemuva kokufakelwa, ama-sitrobheli ayondliwa. Ngokuzayo, le nqubo iphindwa njalo emavikini angama-2-3. Okuthandwayo kunikezwa kumanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium onokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi (iMotar, Kemira-Lux).
I-Kemira-Lux - enye yamanyolo ajwayelekile afanele izithombo
Ividiyo: ukutshala imbewu ye-sitrobheli zezithombo
Ngokutshala ezitshalweni zomhluzi ezivulekile, lapho sekuvele khona amaqabunga wangempela angama-6, asekulungele ukuphela kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Inhlabathi kumele ifudumale ifike ku-12 ºº. Izinsuku eziyi-10-10 ngaphambi kwenqubo ehleliwe, izithombo ziqala ukuba lukhuni, zihamba ziye emgwaqweni. Isikhathi esichithwa emoyeni esivulekile sinwetshwa kancane kancane sisuka emahoreni angama-1-2 kuya kwayi-2-14.
Ukulima izithombo kusiza izitshalo ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokuphila ngemuva kokutshala
Inqubo yokutshala izithombo emhlabathini nokulungisa imibhede ayifani nalena echazwe ngenhla. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kufana ne-sitrobheli esidala. Isilimo sokuqala, hhayi esiningi kakhulu, kusuka kuzithombo singalindela isizini elilandelayo ngemuva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ngokutshala emhlabathini izithombo zomdwebo ezifanele ezineminyaka engu-2-2,5 ubudala
Ividiyo: ukutshala okufanele izithombo ze-sitrobheli emhlabathini
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Ngithanda ukudlulisa amadevu sitrobheli ezinkomishini ngaphezulu: ukufakelwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Kepha ngihlala emibhedeni futhi ngiyakwazi ukunisela ngesikhathi. Futhi enye into: kuzoba kuhle uma, cishe isonto ngaphambi kokufakelwa, ukuphuma kuyonqunywa esihlahleni sikamama. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhula kwezimpande zabo.
I-Irinaa//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=7422.0
Isihlahla sika-sitrobheli simile izimpande uma sikhule izimpande ezanele. Akunzima ukuhlola: uma izimpande zincane, ukuphuma ngaphandle kungakhishwa kalula emhlabathini (inhlabathi engilazini). Uma ibamba (ingamelana nokushintshana okungatheni), khona-ke izimpande sezikhulile futhi zinqunywe kunotshwala bukamama. Yebo, amaqabunga ayabuna, kungokwemvelo, kuthatha isikhathi ukushintshela amandla asuka esihlahleni esikhulu aze ezimpandeni zawo. Ukunisela ngokweqile kanye nokufakelwa umhluzi kuzosiza ukuthi okuphumayo kululame.
Maye//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Ngisho nama-sitrobheli anqunywe esihlahleni ngaphandle kwezimpande kumele athathe izimpande uma ehliselwe emanzini.
Umhlali wasehlobo kaPavel//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Kulonyaka, amadevu amahle kakhulu we-sitrobheli atshalwe, kwathi okunye, uma kwenzeka, kwehliswa emgodini wamanzi kwalethwa endlini. Ngemuva kwesonto, kukhona "intshebe" enjalo evela ezimpandeni isikhulile, iyathandeka!
I-IrinaVolga63//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Isikhathi sokuqala ngitshala sitrobheli ngembewu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Bengingafundanga izinkundla ngaleso sikhathi, futhi bengingathandi ukushaya ikhwela ngenzalo, kodwa konke sekuhlumile futhi kwathela izithelo. Ama-strawberry amakhulu amakhulu hhayi ngaphezulu, kepha angizange ngiyimboze nganoma iyiphi indlela. Angisatshaleli ezincane ezinezithelo ezincane - angizithandi. Njalo ngonyaka ngitshala imbewu eningi emabhokisini wekhekhe asobala. Ngibeka ungqimba lwe-hydrogel ngaphezulu komhlaba ojwayelekile othengwe, ngisakaze imbewu phezulu ngesixhobo sokuxubha izinyo. Ngabe sengiyifaka esiqandisini izinsuku eziyi-10 (hhayi “ku-”, kodwa “ku”). Ifudumele futhi ayiphazamisi. Lapho enyuka - kuya efasiteleni. Udinga ukubekezela futhi ungayithinti kuze kube yilapho okungenani iba ngu-1 cm. Ngiyinisela nge-sprayer. Ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine, iyawohloka, futhi umuntu kufanele atshalise amadevu kusuka kuleyo oyithandayo, noma imbewu futhi. Yebo, unikeza amadevu ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wokuqala.
Lenamall//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Kunendlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-sitrobheli. Thatha isitsha seplastiki ngesembozo esisobala, amaphilisi we-peat, uthele ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Lapho izibhebhe zivuvukala, imbewu iba phezulu. Bavale isivimbo kanye nelanga. Kungcono ukuthi kufakwe imbewu kwi-biostimulator ngaphambi kokutshala. Iningi lezinhlobo ezilungayo "lisebenza" isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Kungenzeka futhi ukusabalalisa ama-sitrobheli amakhulu anezithelo ngembewu. Kepha-ke, njengoMichurinist osemusha, ukuzalanisa, ukukhetha izinketho eziphumelelayo, ngoba impova ithinta izakhi zofuzo hhayi njalo ukuthi ibe ngcono. Ukusuka kwimbewu, ngaphezu kokulungiswa kwezinhlobo ezincane ezinezithelo, izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha ezintsha zizohlala zitholakala kusukela kumvuni.
Mig 33//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Ihlwanyele imbewu enesitrobheli izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, kukhula amajikijolo amahle, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zokulungisa. Ngihlala ngihlwanyela kwithebhulethi le-peat, ebusweni. Ngibeka amaphilisi esitsheni sokudla noma kunoma yikuphi, ukuze ngibe nesembozo esisobala. Cwilisa kahle ngamanzi, usakaze imbewu, ikhava bese uyimboza amasonto ama-2-3 esiqandisini kubhasikidi wezitshalo. Ukuhlwanyela kusetshenziswe ngoJanuwari-uFebhuwari. Ngemuva kwalokho ngiveza indawo ekhanyayo, angivuli isembozo ngaphambi kokuhluma. Ungahluma kanjani, ngezikhathi ezithile ukhipha umoya, amanzi kuphela esitsheni, amaphilisi avela phansi amunca amanzi. NgoJanuwari, ihlwanyele sitrobheli esingenantshebe, futhi kakade ngo-Agasti walowo nyaka kudliwe amajikijolo okuqala.
UDiana//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Imbewu yeStrawberry kufanele ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini owuhlakazekile ombozwe ungqimba lweqhwa (uma lungekho lapho, khona-ke ungaluhluza kufriza). Mboza isitsha sokuhlwanyela ngengilazi noma ngesikhwama nesiqandisini isonto lonke. Khipha umoya. Ngemuva kwalokho faka endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo. Amahlumela avela ngokungalingani esikhathini esingamasonto amathathu.
Julia2705//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Isikhathi sokutshala imbewu ye-sitrobheli yishumi leminyaka lokuqala likaFebhuwari. Lapho kuvela amahlumela (akukho ngaphezu kwe-50% yenani lembewu) futhi lapho enika amaqabunga angama-2-3, kudingeka ukuthi izithombo zikhunjulwe, futhi ziklwe kabili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ekuqaleni kokutshala emhlabathini, kuzomane kuphume.
I-Cege//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-sitrobheli zazitshalwa kusuka ezinhlwini eziphindaphindwe. I-nuance ebaluleke kakhulu - ungafafazi imbewu, uyimboze ngomhlaba - ngeke ubone izithombo. Ifafazwe imbewu enhlabathini emanzi, embozwe nge-cellophane, bese ikhohlwa amasonto amabili. Izithombo ezihlafunwayo zafakwa amapayipi ukuze zingaphuli. Bese ukukha kanye nokufika emhlabathini, njengazo zonke izithombo.
Leksa//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Ngisabalalisa ama-sitrobheli ngama-rosette. Izithombo zingathengwa noma zitholakale ezitshalweni zazo, ezitshalwe kumahlumela amahlumela esibeletho. Izisekelo ezinhle kakhulu ziseduze kwesihlahla sikamama. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ungashiyi izitolo ezingaphezu kwesithathu ekuhlolweni okukodwa. Futhi kwisitshalo esisodwa se-uterine kufanele kube amahlumela amahlanu. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela ama-rosette, ngiwafaka enhlabathini enomswakama. Ungafaka izinyawo ngokushesha emabhodweni amancane, uzijulise emhlabathini. Akunconywa ukuthi ukhule ama-rosette namajikijolo ngokushesha ezitshalweni zesibeletho, ngakho-ke izimbali zokuqala kudingeka zisuswe. Ukusuka emahlahleni wonyaka wesibili, kutholakala izithombo ezingcono kakhulu.
Elena2010//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/376-razmnozhenie-zemlyaniki
Lapho uhlukanisa isihlahla se-sitrobheli, kufanele usike ngokucophelela noma usinqume ngefosholo, ungasebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ukuthola ukhula. Uma isihlahla sakho singaniki amadevu, kungenzeka ukuthi unezinhlobonhlobo okumele zisatshalaliswe ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ungesabi - le yindlela ejwayelekile yezinhlobo ze-bezusnyh. Ungazama ukusakazwa kwembewu, kepha lokhu kuyingozi - kungahle kube nokucoliswa kwezimbali.
I-Zosia//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Kwenzeka ukuthi esihlahleni se-sitrobheli kuze kube ku-5-6 kwakhiwa. Kepha kungakuhle ukuthi ungalethi esimweni esinjalo futhi uhleli ngokwahlukana phambilini. Ngine-sitrobheli esili remontant, nayo ekhulisa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Sika kahle isihlahla ngommese nezimpande.
N_at_a//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Ngimba isihlahla sitrobheli. Ngibe sengiyifaka esitsheni samanzi. Ilele lapho kuze kube yilapho inqwaba yomhlaba ezimpandeni iwele phansi kuthangi. Emva kwalokho, ngiphuma kanyekanye ngesandla sami bese ngithinta isihlahla ngobumnene. Izimpande ngokwazo zikhishwa ngaphandle kokunqunywa.
IGuis//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Ukuvuselelwa njalo kwemibhede ejwayelekile nangesikhathi esifanele kuyisihluthulelo sesivuno seminyaka yonke. Inqubo ngokwayo akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho nomlimi ofiselekayo angakufeza. Indlela ethile ikhethiwe ngokuya ngokuthanda komuntu siqu, kanye nohlobo lwama-sitrobheli kanye nohlobo lwesihlahla. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, izitshalo ezintsha zisuka ngokushesha bese ziqala ukuthela izithelo.
