Umshanelo isihlahla esivulekile esijabulisa izimbali eziningi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lesi sitshalo singowomndeni wegumbo. Amathanga alo amakha angatholakala eNtshonalanga Siberia, kanye nasezifundeni ezithile zaseYurophu nase-Afrika. Zilungele ukukhula engadini noma endlini. Ku-Celtic mythology, i-broomweed ihlotshaniswa nenhlala-kahle nokuqothula konke okungadingekile. Inyanga yonke inikelwe esitshalweni, lapho kufanele uthathe khona isitoko futhi uzisule ngemikhuba emibi. Kumuntu wesimanje, indlu yomshanelo ingumhlobiso omnandi wensimu, isitshalo esihle somuju nomuthi.
Incazelo yeBotanical
Umshanelo isihlahla eside, esihlwabusayo noma isihlahla esiphansi. Ngaphandle kokuthena, isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-0.5-3 m. Iziqu ezibushelelezi, ezinemibala embozwe ngegxolo eliluhlaza okotshani. Kwezinye izinhlobo, amabala esiliva nokufinyezwa okufushane kukhona ku-bark. Amagatsha Amancane agcina ukuvumelana nezimo isikhathi eside futhi angawela phansi ngaphansi kwesisindo samahlamvu nezimbali.
Izinhlobo ezinqabile futhi ezihlala ziluhlaza zikhona kuhlobo. Zonke izitshalo zinamahlamvu angama-petiole apendate. Ipuleti leqabunga elihlaza elikhanyayo lihlukaniswe ama-3 ama-blade ane-oval lobes. Izingxenyana zamaqabunga ama-apical zivame ukuhlanganiswa zibe munye. Ubude beqabunga elincane alidluli ku-3-4 cm.
Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi-Juni futhi zihlala cishe inyanga. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zezimbali lapho amahlumela avela khona ngaphambi kwamaqabunga. Kumaqabunga amaqabunga, kukhiwa ama-inflorescence amancane we-racemose kanye nalo lonke ubude behlumela. I-spongy efihlekile egcwele iphunga elimnandi. Izimbali zingapendwa ngophuzi okhanyayo, ukhilimu, omhlophe noma opinki. Ubude be-calyx ebunjiwe njengensimbi noma okusansimbi enama-petals athambile ngu-2-3 cm. Ikholamu elincane elinama-stamens kanye ne-ovary litholakala ngaphansi kwama-petals.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo ziyavuthwa - pods ngamabhontjisi amancane, athotshisiwe. Ukuvuthwa, imbobo ngokwayo iyaqhekeka bese ubhontshisi usakazeka ebusweni benhlabathi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziqukethe i-alkaloid, okuthi kumithamo emikhulu iholele ekuphazamiseni uhlelo lokuphefumula. Kufanele kukhawulele ukufinyelela kwezilwane nezingane esitshalweni, futhi futhi ugeze izandla zakho kahle ngemuva kokuzinakekela.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-broom house lunezinhlobo ezingama-50 zezitshalo.
Umfowethu waseRussia. Isihlahla esidubulekile esifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama siqukethe amagatsha aqondile noma agobile kancane. Amahlumela ambozwe amaqabunga amancane aluhlaza okotshani noma aluhlaza. Onke amaqabunga athweswe umqhele wameva. Eqabungeni lamaqabunga, kutholakala izimbali ezinkulu ezi-3-5 eziphuzi.
Umshanelo womqhele. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinqobayo, ezilwa nesithwathwa. Isitshalo esine-mop yezithombo ezacile, eziguquguqukayo zakha i-shrub efinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Iziqu ezincane zimbozwe ngegxolo elibomvu le-pubescent. Ama-petals aphuzi akhanyayo aqoqwa endebeni emincane engafika ku-2 cm ubude. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- umhluzi we-burkwoody - izimbali ezibomvu ezihlanganiswe umugqa omncane ophuzi;
- U-Andreanus Splendens - amacembe embozwe ngotshani obomvu ophuzi;
- Umshanelo weLena - ezintanjeni ezibomvu umucu wegolide omude wobude.
Isazi seCreepy. Le nhlobonhlobo ye-alpine amahlumela asakazeka emhlabathini acishe abe ngu-20 cm ukuphakama futhi angabi ngaphezu kwama-80 cm. Iziqu ezinohlaza oluhlaza ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zingakhula kubude bawo bonke. Amahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama noma amahlamvu e-lanceolate angama-8-20 mm ubude. Amapuleti asezingeni eliphansi embozwe ngenqwaba eminyene. Ama-inflorescence athuthukile atholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ubude be-corolla ephuzi buyi-15 mm. Izimbali zenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kwathi ngoJuni ubhontshisi uvuthwe. Inhlobo ayivumelani neqhwa elincane, kepha iqhwa kubusika obunzima.
Umshanelo kusekuseni. Izinhlobo ezingamelana nesithwathwa ziyaqhakaza zihlahlwini ezi-1-1,5 m. NgoMeyi, amahlumela ama-arched embozwe kahle ngezimbali eziqhakazile eziveza iphunga elinamandla. Ubude bamahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza lanceolate cishe 2 cm.
Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa zomshanelo wokuqala, iRuby Boscop. Amahlumela aqondile, ahlotshisiwe akha isihlahla esiyindilinga esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Amahlamvu we-Oblong-lanceolate apendwe ngemithunzi eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Ama-petals anombala we-ruby ngaphandle nangombala opinki n onsomi ngaphakathi.
Izindlela zokuzala
Umshanelo osakazwayo ungaba yindlela yokutshala imbewu, ukusika izimpande noma ukusika. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusebenza kahle. Imvamisa ezungeze isihlahla ungabona ukuzimela okuningayo. Imbewu kufanele iqoqwe ekwindla kusuka emaphepheni avuthiwe. NgoMashi, afakwa emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezi-2, abese ehlwanyelwa esihlabathini esimanzi nomhlaba we-peat. Abanye abalimi baphawula ukuthi ukuze kuhlume kangcono, kudingeka imbandezelo ebandayo yezinyanga ezimbili. Imbewu ngayinye ingcwatshwa ngo-0,5-1 cm. Kunconywa ukuyibeka masinyane kude ne-4-6 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Isitsha sibekwa egumbini elinokukhanya okukhona kumazinga okushisa ka-18 ... + 21 ° C. Izithombo ezikhulile ezinamaqabunga ayi-2-3 zishiya izimbotshana emabhodweni ahlukene. Ukwakha izihlahla ezivuthayo, izitshalo kufanele ziphinwe njalo. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, okunye ukufakelwa kwenziwa esitsheni esikhulu. Endaweni evulekile, umshanelo uyatshalwa ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Uhlelo lwezimpande alubekezeleli ukulimala, ngakho-ke ngakho konke ukufakelwa kwemvelo kubalulekile ukuwugcina ngokuphelele uhlaka lakudala lobumba.
Ama-cutways enziwa ehlobo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe. Ama-cutways asikwa kusuka kumagatsha ayi-lignified ngamaqabunga ama-2-3. Ipuleti leshidi lifushaniswa ngesigamu. I-Rooting yenziwa enhlabathini yesihlabathi se-peat ekushiseni kwe-18 ... + 21 ° C. Izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya okugqamile. Ukunciphisa ukulahleka komswakama, kunconywa ukumboza izithombo nge-cap esobala. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5, amafomu ezimpande emeshinini nasendlini yokukhosela angasuswa. Izimbumbulu zikhule ngaphakathi entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukusabalalisa umshanelo, ukuhlelwa kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphela isitshalo esidala. Amagatsha aphansi acindezelwa emhlabathini futhi afafazwe ngengqimba encane yenhlabathi. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, izingqimba zizothatha izimpande futhi ziqine ngokwanele. Ingahlukaniswa futhi idluliselwe ngokucophelela endaweni entsha.
Izici Zokufika
Umshanelo isitshalo esomeleleyo esiqinile, kepha kumele sitshalekwe ngokucophelela. Ukulimala noma ukweqisa kwe-rhizome kuholela ekufeni kwesihlahla sonke. Isitshalo esidala kuneminyaka emithathu asitshalwa nakanye, ngoba sizokufa. Umhlabathi womhluzi kufanele ukhulule futhi uvunde ngokulinganayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-substrates ane-acidic encane noma ukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi kulungile. Ungathatha ingxube ye-peat, umquba, umhlabathi we-turf nesihlabathi somfula. Lapho ugaya ipulani engadini ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ngokushesha wenze inkimbinkimbi yamanyolo wamaminerali.
Izinto zokwakha (amatshe amatshe noma izingcezu zezitini ezibomvu) zithululelwa ezansi komgodi. Isitshalo sibekwa ngendlela yokuthi intamo yezimpande itholakala ngaphezulu. Ngokutshala kweqembu, ibanga kufanele lihlonishwe ngokuya ngezinhlobo ezikhethiwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, ibanga kufanele libe ngu-30-50 cm.
Ukunakekelwa komshini
Akunzima nhlobo ukunakekela umshanelo, ikakhulukazi uma indawo yawo ikhethwe kahle. Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile. Kufanele itshalwe ezindaweni lapho ilanga libukeka khona ekuseni nakusihlwa, bese kuthi phakathi nesikhathi sosuku kube nesithunzi esincane. Amakhophi e-Indoor ayaboniswa emakamelweni anendawo enasempumalanga noma entshonalanga yamawindi. Ukuze izitshalo zegadi zikhule kahle, kudingeka zivikeleke kokubhaliwe kanye nomoya oqinile womoya. Izinhlobo ezinothando lokushisa zitshalwa ezitsheni, ezifakwa engadini yehlobo futhi zilethwe emakamelweni apholile ebusika. Zonke izinhlobo zidinga ukunikeza ukupholisa ubusika ukufika ku- + 10 ... + 15 ° C.
Umshanelo uyamelana nesomiso, kepha ungabekezelela izikhukhula zomhlaba ezingandile. Emvelweni, itholakala ezindaweni ezikhukhulayo zemifula lapho kwenzeka khona izikhukhula zentwasahlobo. Izikhukhula ezijwayelekile zenhlabathi ziyahlukaniswa ngomshanelo, kanye nokuvela eduze komhlaba. Amabhasi aniselwa kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso eside noma lapho kushisa kakhulu.
Ukuze umqhele ukhule kangcono futhi ukuqhakaza kwakukuningi, kubalulekile ukufaka umquba ezihlahleni ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa utshani noma indle humus, buhlanjululwe emanzini. Okwesikhathi sekwanele ukufeza ukugqoka okungu-2-3.
Umshanelo ulwa nezifo eziningi zezitshalo nezinambuzane. Amahlumela akuvamile ukuthi ahlaselwe yi-Powdery hlobo, engaqedwa nesixazululo se-sulfate yethusi. Kwesinye isikhathi i-moth-perforate ihlala kumapheshana. Isuswa ngokufafaza ngesisombululo se-chlorophos.
Sebenzisa
Umshanelo ulungile emasimini angashadile nawamaqembu. Amakhasikhasi ayo aqhakaza izovuselela isayithi lesiphethu elingakhanyi kakhulu Ekhothini lomshanelo, kufanelekile ukubeka izindonga ezinkulu eziningana, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sizobukeka kakhulu ngokomzimba. Ibukeka kahle eduze kwezihlahla ze-coniferous, kanye nasendaweni eseduze ne-heather, iminduze yesigodi, i-lavender, i-a700. Uma utshala izihlahla ngokulandelana, uthola uthango olukhulu.
