I-Chemeritsa isitshalo se-herbaceous sasemuva esivela emndenini wakwaMelantius. Ingatholwa kulo lonke i-Eurasia. Ngisho naseRoma lasendulo, imbali yayithandwa njengethuluzi elifanelekayo lokulwa namagundwane nezinambuzane. Ngenkathi amaqabunga amahle nama-inflorescence amahle aqhakaza ingadi, izimpande namahlumela asetshenziswa emithini yesintu nasengadini ukulwa namagciwane. IChemeritsa yaziwa naseRussia ngaphansi kwamagama athi "puppeteer", "veratrum", "chemerka".
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Chemeritsa ingotshani obukhulu obukhulu obunesiqu. Izimpande eziwugqinsi zisondele ebusweni bomhlaba. Izinqubo eziningi ezingcolile ezifika ku-3 mm ubukhulu zisuka kuwo ziye ekujuleni okukhulu. Ukuphakama kwengxenye yomhlaba kungamasentimitha angama-50-150. Ukusuka emhlabathini uqobo, ihlumela limbozwe ngamaqabunga amakhulu angenamsoco ahlelwe endaweni evulekile. Amapuleti eqabunga le-oval anemiphetho ebushelelezi nomphetho okhomba. Imithambo yokusiza iyabonakala phezu kobuso bonke beshidi. Ubude bawo buyi-25-30 cm. Engxenyeni engezansi kunobukhulu obukhulu, obuzwakala bungaxekile.
Utshani beKhemeritsa buphila isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu, kepha buqhakaza sekwephuzile. Ama-inflorescence okuqala avela ngonyaka we-16-30 wokuphila. Bakha phezulu kwesiqu. Izimbali eziphuzi, ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza ezinobubanzi obungu-1 cm zibambelela ngokuqinile kusiqu. I-efihlekile zivulwa maphakathi no-Julayi futhi zigcinwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Ukungcola kwenzeka ngosizo lwezinambuzane noma umoya. Ngo-Agasti, kuvela izithelo zokuqala - amabhokisi embewu athontshiwe anezindonga ezithambile. Ziqukethe imbewu emide ansundu.
Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zinobuthi. Ukufinyelela ezinganeni nasezilwaneni kufanele kube nomkhawulo, futhi izandla kufanele zigezwe kahle ngemuva kokusebenza engadini. Amahhashi awakwazi ukubekwa eduze nembali. Noma izinyosi zisinda, uju lwazo luyobe lungakulungele ukusetshenziswa.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Uhlobo lweKhemeritsa lunezinhlobo ezingama-27 nezinhlobo eziningana ze-hybrid. E-Russia, abangu-7 kubo bayakhula. Ethandwa kakhulu yile elandelayo:
Hellebore Lobel. Lesi sitshalo sisatshalaliswa emahlathini ama-coniffort asuka eCaucasus ayiswa eSiberia. Izinhlobonhlobo zinezakhiwo zokuphulukisa ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-alkaloids, usawoti wamaminerali, ama-amino acid namavithamini. I-Herbaceous perennial ikhula ifike kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama. Isiqu esinamandla simbozwe ngamaqabunga amakhulu asongwe anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali eziluhlaza ophuzi zitholakala kuma-inflorescence ama-panicrate afinyelela ku-60 cm.
I-hellebore emhlophe. Izinhlobonhlobo zingatholakala endaweni evulekile ye-alpine noma emithambekeni yezintaba evulekile. Kusetshenziswa emithini yesintu ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-alkaloids. Lesi sitshalo asidluli kumamitha ayi-1,2 ukuphakama futhi sihlukaniswa yisiqu esinamafutha kakhulu. Ubude bamaqabunga aphansi ngamasentimitha angama-30. Uma usondele ngaphezulu, baba mncane futhi mancane. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu kunophawu olunamagatsha, oluqukethe izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe.
I-hellebore emnyama. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,3. Amahlamvu amakhulu asongwe ngasisekelo sakhe akhula ngama-40 cm ubude. Zihlelwe ngokulandelana. Amacembe apical ahlelwe ku 3. Izimbali ezibomvu ezimnyama ezinamabala ansundu aqoqwe ku-panicle inflorescence. Ububanzi be-corolla buyi-1.5 cm.
Ukuzala kweHellebore
IHellebore ikhula ngokuhlwanyela imbewu noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kubhekwa njengokusebenza okungasebenzi kahle futhi kudinga umzamo omkhulu. Imbewu entsha ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala ihlwanyelwa ngo-Okthoba-Novemba ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Izilimo zifafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba omncane bese ziswakama kahle. Entwasahlobo, kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Izitshalo ezikhulile ziyantshontsha futhi zidluliselwe endaweni engapheli. Ibanga elingama-25 cm kumele libhekwe phakathi kwezithombo.I-hellebore esencane kufanele iniselwe njalo futhi ifiphazwe ukukhanya kwelanga.
Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima futhi obungenanjini, kunconywa ukuthi kuqala ukhule izithombo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi, emabhokisini angajulile ngesihlabathi esimanzi kanye nokuxuba kwenhlabathi. Bangcwatshwa ngo-5 mm, bembozwe ifilimu bese bebekwa esiqandisini noma kwenye indawo epholile. Ngemuva kwamasonto angama-5-8, amabhokisi athutha ayiswa egumbini elifudumele. Ngokuqala kwamahlumela, ifilimu liyasuswa. Izithombo ziyavela ngokungalingani, ukuhluma kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Izithombo zikhule ku greenhouse kuze entwasahlobo elandelayo bese kuphela etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, i-hellebore ingasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome. Lesi sitshalo simbiwa ngokucophelela futhi sikhululwe ekhefini lobumba. Kubalulekile ukugcina izimpande ezondile. Izimpande ezinezinqubo zinqunywa ezingxenyeni eziningana ukuze okungenani izinso eyodwa zihlale kuleso naleso. U-Delenki ngokushesha otshalwe endaweni entsha ngebanga elingamasentimitha angama-30-50. Ekuqaleni, izitshalo kufanele zibe nomthunzi futhi zivame ukuniselwa.
Izici Ezikhulayo
Ukunakekela i-hellebore kulula kakhulu. Ubunzima obukhulu ukuthola indawo efanele yokuhlala. Kuyaluleka ukukhetha indawo enamacala ngokwengxenye. Ungatshala i-chemeritsa ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngomqhele onqabile noma eduze kocingo oluzofihla ilanga ntambama.
Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula futhi ikhanyiswe kahle. Ama-loams ngokufakwa komquba nesihlabathi muhle. Isitshalo ngeke sikhule ezingxenyeni ze-acidic. Kungcono ukuthi ukhethe ngokushesha indawo efanelekile, ngoba sawubona awuthandi ukufakelwa.
I-Chemeritsa idinga ukuchelela njalo ngezingxenye ezincane zamanzi. Noma ikwazi ukubekezelela isomiso, iba ukuhlobisa kakhulu ngokunisela njalo. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlale inomswakama kancane, kepha ukubhala amanzi akumukeli.
Entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, kunconywa ukuthi ungeze umquba womquba noma umquba obolile enhlabathini. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, ungafaka umquba we-hellebore kabili ngamakhompiyutha amaminerali.
Ukuze ulondoloze ukuhlobisa, izikejana ezonakele kufanele zisikwe. Amahlumela namaqabunga ebusika musa ukusika. Izingxenye ezilinyazwe amakhaza zisuswa kangcono ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. I-Chemeritsa inokumelana okuhle neqhwa, ngoba ikhula iye emngceleni we-Arctic. I-Shelter ayidingekile kwisitshalo sasebusika.
Sebenzisa
Ngenxa ye-chemeritsa enamahlamvu amakhulu, ibukeka kahle emibhedeni yezimbali noma ekutshaleni kweqembu maphakathi notshani. Ungatshala isitshalo osebeni lomzimba wamanzi. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sakhe, izimbali zibukeka ziqonde. Omakhelwane abahle kakhulu bazoba yi-eremurus, phlox, noma gladiolus.
Abalimi basebenzisa ubuthi be-hellebore. Itshalwa eduze kwezinye izitshalo ukuvimba izinambuzane. I-infusion yamaqabunga isetshenziselwa ukufafaza izihlahla zensimu nezihlahlana. Kuyisinambuzane semvelo esihle kakhulu.
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule i-chemeritsa yayisetshenziswa njenge-anthelmintic ephumelelayo, isisu futhi idambisa umoya. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuthi namuhla, odokotela abancomi ngokuqinile ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezenzelwe isitshalo ngaphakathi. Izithako zokugcoba kanye notshwala ziyaqhubeka ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwe-seborrhea, izinhlungu zokuqaqanjelwa, i-gout, i-pediculosis kanye nezifo zesikhunta zesikhumba namazipho.
