Isitshalo seLaurel - esasungulwa, esakhiwa esikhathini se-Tertiary - futhi, ngokusobala, kakhulu kunomuntu.
Izinganekwane ezizungeze lesi sihlahla, ukufananisa neminyaka yaso yasendulo: lokhu kuyisici sokubeka umqhele abawinile kanye nabanye abantu abavelele (ngakho-ke igama elithi "laureate"), lokhu kanye "fuse" kusukela ekufutheni kukaZeus - isiteleka sombani, kanye nomngane wakho ongunaphakade wezobuciko be-Apollo.
Izinkolelo zama-Antique zihlanganiswe kulezi zindaba hhayi ngengozi, ngoba umdabu wemvelo usatshalaliswa kuphela ezindaweni zemiphakathi enkulu yasendulo - eMedithera. Ikhula e-Territory yaseKrasnodar.
Nokho, i-laurel - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba inkambiso yekamelo eliyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokuqukethwe kwendawo engadini - kulezo zindawo lapho izinga lokushisa lokushisa ebusika lihlukahluka nxazonke.
Indlela yokukhulisa umuthi we-laurel, ukukhiqiza izitshalo, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kwe-laurel, izifo nezithombe - konke lokhu hhayi ukufunda kuphela esihlokweni sethu.
Ukunakekela ekhaya nasensimini
Ukunakekela ukunakekelwa komuthi we-laurel ekhaya nasezindaweni ezivulekile kubalulekile ukugcina amanye amaphuzu. Cabanga ngabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukukhanyisa
ULaurel - isitshalo sinzima kakhulu; kungakhula ngokukhanya okulinganiselayo, kodwa okungcono kunazo zonke kuzokhula - futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, izosebenza ngokuqinile - ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, okungafani kakhulu, okukhanyayo. Kufanele ivikelwe emisebeni yelanga eqinile.
Ukushisa
Ngaphambi kokuba udlale ukhule ekhaya, udinga ukwazi ukuthi isikhathi sokushisa sehlobo ehlobo kusuka ku-18 kuya ku-20 degrees futhi ebusika - kusuka ku-10 ukuya ku-15 degrees.
I-lavra iphila kahle kakhulu emoyeni - ebhaleni, egcekeni noma ezweni, kufaka phakathi nonyaka wonke - uma izinga lokushisa ebusika lihlala ku-5-6.
UKUKHONA: ukushisa kwamazinga okushisa okwamanje sekukhona indawo engozini, futhi ukwehlisa ukushisa kuya -10-12 ° C i-laurel ingakwazi ukumelana nesikhashana nje.
Ground
Ukuze ukhule i-laurel ekhaya nasemkhakheni ovulekile, udinga ukulungisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi - lena yensimu evamile yensimu, inhlabathi yonke indawo esitolo noma ingxube yokudla okungahambisani ne-reaction, ukupheka ngokwakho usebenzisa okunye kokupheka okulandelayo:
- ingxenye eyodwa yeshidi, inani elifanayo lezwe le-sod kanye ne-humus ngokufaka izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi wesihlabathi;
- izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod kanye nomunye - amaqabunga omhlaba, ama-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokufakwa kwezingodo ngomuthi omncane.
Ukunisela
Lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuze ngokweqile entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
KUBALULEKILE! Ngesikhathi esifanayo akunakwenzeka ukuvumela ukunqwaba komswakama emhlabathini: amanzi ageleza emva kokuphuza epanini kufanele asheswe ngokushesha.
Amanzi okuchelela athathwe ngokushelelayo, hhayi kubanda - ipulazi elihlelekile noma amanzi emvula.
Ngebusika obupholile, okuzoletha inzuzo enkulu, ukuchelela kufanele kube okulinganayo - cishe kanye ngesonto noma ngaphansi ukuze kuvimbele inhlabathi ekumekeni. Uma ubusika bufudumele, amanzi kaningi futhi kufanele avuse umoya njalo.
Umswakama womoya
KUBALULEKILE: umswakama womoya ebusika kufanele kube ngokwanele, futhi ehlobo - ukwanda. Lesi yisimo esidingekayo sokulima ngokuphumelelayo kwe-laurel.
Uma ukhathalela ikamelo laurel kufanele uphefute njalo ngamanzi athambile. Ungabeka futhi isitshalo enambeni enezindwangu ezimanzi, eziseduze nemikhumbi emikhulu ngamanzi.
UKUKHONA: Kodwa-ke, umoya kumele ube wanele ngokwanele. Ekhaya, umuthi we-laurel kufanele ube endaweni enomoya omuhle.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo yonyaka okhulayo okhulayo kabili ngesonto. lesi sitshalo sisekelwa izimila eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukushintshaniswa nama-mineral kanye nama-organic compounds.
Ekwindla nasebusika, imvamisa yokugqoka iyancipha kuya njalo ngenyanga noma engavamile kakhulu. Kuxhomeke ekubuseni okufudumele, okuqukethe i-laurel: ngobusika obubandayo kuzodingeka ukhule kancane njalo.
Ukukhula nokuqhakaza
Esikhathini samasiko, lesi sitshalo siphila cishe iminyaka engu-15, endaweni, endaweni efanayo - kuze kube ngu-60. Shrub ikwazi ukukhula ibe ngamamitha angu-10-15 ukuphakama. U-Laurel ekhaya ukhawulelwe kumamitha angu-1.5-2 ngokunciphisa.
Izimbali ezincane eziphuzi ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngo-Mashi-Ephreli, kanti kwezinye izitshalo kuphela ziqubuzana, kwabanye zivele kuphela. Lapho ukhula ukuqhakaza egumbini - i-rarity. Ngemuva kwezithelo zokuvuthwa - amajikijolo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukudubula
Lapho unakekela umuthi womkhiqizo ekhaya - esihlahleni uphendula kahle ukusika izihlahla, ukwakha umqhele omuhle kakhulu: i-spherical, cubic, pyramidal.
Izihlahla zikaLaurel zenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Kunamagama amabili kulo msebenzi: ekupheleni kwehlobo (ngo-Agasti) ngokushesha lapho sekuqediwe isikhathi esikhulayo sokukhula futhi ekupheleni kwekwindla (Okthoba-Novemba), ngokushintshela esimweni sokuphumula.
Ezindaweni ezivulekile, amagatsha awonakele ahlungwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukufika
Indlela yokukhulisa i-laurel ekhaya? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho ukutshala umkhiqizo ekhaya, isitsha esinomgodi wamanzi okuphoqeleka kufanele sibe nobukhulu obujwayelekile kanye nesilinganiso esihle ngokukhula kwezithombo: ubukhulu bebhodlela elilinganiselwe ukusuka kwesine kuya kwesithathu kokuphakama kwesitshalo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-laurel, ungqimba lwe-drainage lubekwa ngaphansi kwesitsha (ubumba obunwetshiwe, amatshe amancane, impi yezitini).
Bese uthele insimu encane yomhlabathi olungiselelwe phezulu - uhlelo lwempande olondoloziwe, noma kunokwenzeka ingubo yomhlaba. Qedela ingxube yomhlabathi ezingeni elifunayo, ngokuzithokozisa ngobumnene.
Ukufakelwa
Intsha, iminyaka emihlanu yokuqala yokuphila, izitshalo zifakelwa, njengombuso, njalo ngonyaka, abadala - njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3, kanti ngisho nangaphansi.
UKUKHONA! Indlela yokudlulisela kufanele ibe yi-transshipment, lapho igumbi lobumba ligcinwa khona ngokugcwele, futhi ibhodlela elisha alilona, amamentimitha angu-2-4, amakhulu kunalowo omdala ububanzi.
Ukunaka kwakho indlu yangaphakathi nesithombe sakhe:
Ungabona futhi ividiyo ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-laurel yakho ekhaya:
Ukuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-laurel kunokwenzeka ngembewu, futhi kubuye kube nemifino nge-cuttings ne-layering.
Imbewu ekhaya
UKUKHONA! Uma ukhula umquba kusuka enzalweni, kunezinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko: imbewu ye-laurel masinyane ngokwanele, ezinyangeni ezingu-3-5, ilahlekelwe iphesenti elikhulu lokuhluma futhi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lamafutha, kancane kancane, kuze kuphele izinyanga eziyisithupha, zihlume.
Ngakho-ke, imbewu kufanele ibe yintsha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukuze ubone imbewu ehlwanyelwe, yiba nesineke. ULaurel uhlwanyelwa ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma imbewu iphathwa ngesisombululo sokukhula, bese etshalwe ekujuleni kwe-1-1.5 cm ekukhanyeni kwenhlabathi enomanzi.
Ukumboza ngefilimu yepulasitiki, iqukethe ama-degrees angu-18, umoya njalo futhi ugcine okuqukethwe komswakama we-substrate.
KUBALULEKILE! Bayiqaphele ukubukeka okungenzeka kwesikhunta kumbewu, ukuqapha isonto sabo ngesonto onke. Endabeni yamacwecwe amhlophe, asuse bese ugeza imbewu ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
Lapho nje ukuhluma kuqala, igobolondo lembewu liyaqhekeka bese-ke likwazi ukuhlala ngokushesha eziqukathi ezihlukene, bebeka emhlabathini ngamasentimitha amahlanu, - kodwa izithombo kuzodingeka zilinde cishe inyanga.
KUBALULEKILE: amaqabunga amancane ama-laurel kufanele avikelwe ekushiseni nasekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ze-laurel kuwela ngo-Okthoba-Novemba. Emva kokuvuna, imbewu ikhishwa futhi yahlakazeka endaweni ehlala njalo, ngokucishe ibe ngu-5 cm Amahlumela ivame ukuvela kusukela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekwephuzile ehlobo ekushiseni kwe + 20-22 ºС.
Uma uhlwanyela imbewu ye-laurel, izithombo zihlwanyelwe kude nendawo ka-5-8 cm phakathi kwezitshalo zomuntu ngamunye. Ngezinye izikhathi kunezimpande zikaJanuwari, okuyinto, ingxenye enkulu, efa.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Isikhathi esihle sokuvunwa nokuqothulwa kwe-cuttings cuttings ekamelweni lesikhungo ngu-Mashi-Ephreli noma ngoJuni-Julayi;
UKUKHONA: endaweni evulekile, ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa kuphela ngoJuni-Julayi.
I-cuttings ne-internodes amathathu ngayinye (ngokuvamile ubude bayo buyi-6-8 cm) inqunywe kusuka ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nendawo eziphansi ze-semi-woody amahlumela.
Ishidi eliphansi lisusiwe, konke okuncishiswe ngesigamu futhi kuthunyelwe izicutheka ezilungiselelwe ukuqhuma.
Ngama-degree ayi-16-20, bangcwatshwa ngo-1-1.5 cm emhlabathini oswakanyisiwe. Ukumboza nge-plastic plastic, umoya, uphefaza.
I-cuttings ezigxilile ziqala ukukhula, njengombuso, ngenyanga, futhi uma zikhula zibe ngu-2-3 cm, zitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukene.
Ukunaka kwakho ividiyo ekukhiqizweni kwe-cuttings cuttings ekhaya:
Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka
Njengomthetho i-laurel inikeza izinqubo ze-lateral nge-root system esebenzayo noma engaphansi, ehlukanisiwe ngokucophelela futhi ehlezi. Izindawo ezilimaziwe ezifafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe.
Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhula u-laurel Ungagxila emahalendeni alandelayo wemisebenzi esemqoka:
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Spring
Ngo-Mashi-Ephreli - ukusika izihlahla ezihlanzekile: ukususwa kwamagatsha abonakalisiwe kanye nama-frostbite. Ukuqothula izinhlanzi endaweni yokushisa okubandayo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ihlobo
Isikhathi sonke ukuhluma kwembewu ehlwanyelwe ekwindla. Ukudla njalo
Juni-Julayi - ukukhiqizwa ngokusika
Agasti - Ukwenza Ukuqokwa
I-autumn
Okthoba-Novemba: ukusika izihlahla, ukuqoqa izithelo, ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ekhaya
Spring
Mashi - imbewu yokuhlwanyela.
Ngo-Mashi-Ephreli - ukukhiqizwa ngokusika, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinqubo ze-lateral.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ihlobo
Isikhathi sonke ukuhluma kwembewu ehlwanyelwe ngoFebhuwari-Ephreli. Ukudla njalo.
Juni-Julayi - ukukhiqizwa ngokusika
Agasti - Ukwenza Ukuqokwa
I-autumn
Ngo-Okthoba-Novemba: ukusika, ukuvuna izinto eziluhlaza. Ukudla okujwayelekile.
Ebusika
Februwari - imbewu yokuhlwanyela
Izimpawu zenkathazo
Amahlamvu aphenduka ophuzi, i-curl bese ewa - ananele ngokomoya umswakama. Ukupomfa njalo kufanele kuqinisekiswe.
Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwamacembe lugcwele izindawo ezinsundu - ukunqwabelana komhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi kwamanzi kanye / noma amanzi okunisela. Kudingeka ukwandise ukuchelela.
Kungani amaqabunga ephenduka abamnyama?
Amaqabunga ahlanganiswe nokuqhakaza okumnyama okubonakalayo, okususwa kalula ebusweni beqabunga leqabunga - isobho lokusila, ukuxazulula lapho kukhona khona izinambuzane zezilokazane ezinambuzane: i-flaky noma i-mealybugs. Okokuqala, susa izinambuzane, bese ususa i-plaque. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, susa amahlamvu ashintshiwe.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isitshalo esinempilo, esilungisiwe kahle cishe singasenwe nezifo nokuhlasela kwezilokazane. Ngokunakekelwa kwekhaya okungalungile endaweni yezindela isikhumba sesicabucabu, i-scythe, i-mealybug ingavela. Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi enganele ngokomoya umswakama.
Njengengxenye yokuqala, izindawo ezithintekayo ziphathwa ngamanzi asozini, futhi izindlela ezinokwethenjelwa zokulawula izinambuzane ezinambuzane ziyizinambuzane eziqondisayo.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Iphunga elimnandi kanye nokufutheka okujabulisayo okuvelele ku-laurel, kwenza amaqabunga ayo abe yiphunga elidumile kakhulu elidala ukudla futhi likhuthaza ukugaya.
Okubalulekile Amafutha we-bay anezinto zokubulala amagciwane kanye nezindawo zokubulala izinambuzane.
Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela izinqubo ezibuhlungu emathunjini, ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokuphefumula engenayo, kwanele ukuvele nje ukhule i-laurel ekamelweni bese uveza iphunga layo.
Ukuthuthukisa iphunga lesitshalo kabili ngesonto, ungadlulisa isisombululo se-aspirin (5g ilitha ngalinye lamanzi) noma i-glucose (1 ml ngalinye nge-1l yamanzi). Lungisa futhi izimpande zokuphulukisa kanye nama-infusions amaqabunga e-bay.
Isicelo
Kusukela kulesi sithelo siphuca amafutha anamafutha asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa ekwenzeni amabhola namakhandlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it i-antiseptic enhle, Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwelapha ukusikhipha. Izithelo zikaLaurel nazo zisetshenziswe njengensipho.
Ufunde umehluko emkhatsini wesihlahla se-laurel, ukhathalela emasimini nasendlini, indlela yokutshala i-laurel kusuka emhlanjeni, nokuthi ukuthi ube nesihlahla sakho somuntu siqu esihlanganiswe ngokuphelele namaqabunga alungile, ungahlala usho ukuthi uyabulala emakhazeni, uphefumule unyaka wonke umoya ogcwele ama-phytoncides abawinile imithi.
