Gorse - izihlahlana zisetshenziswa kanye nezitshalo ezinotshwayo ezivela emndenini we-legume. Zitholakala eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseNyakatho Ntshonalanga Afrika. Umqhele omnyama oluhlaza ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza umbozwe ngokucebile ngezimbali zegolide. I-Photophilous gorse itshalwa emithambekeni nasezindaweni ezizungeze utshani. Ufaka insimu ayigcwalise ngemibala egqamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gorse iyisitshalo sokwelapha, ngakho-ke ayigcini nje ngokujabulisa iso, kodwa futhi inakekela impilo yabanikazi bayo.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Gorse - isihlahla sangemuva, isihlahlibhi noma i-liign lignified. Ungaba nezimpande ezibushelelezi noma ezinameva. Amagatsha amaningi athambile ambozwe ngamagxolo abushelelezi aluhlaza. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungaba kusuka ku-30 cm kuye ku-1.7 m. Iziqu ziqonde noma ziyakhamba. Izinqubo ze-lateral zitholakala kubo bonke ubude bazo. Amagatsha ambozwe kakhulu ngamaqabunga amancane ama-oblong-lanceolate. Amapuleti anamaqabunga aluhlaza abushelelezi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ambozwe ngenqwaba emfushane. Amahlamvu e-ternary noma alula kuma-petioles amafushane ahlelwa ngokulandelayo.
Eminyakeni engu-3-6 yobudala, i-gorse iqala ukuqhakaza. Izimbali eziqhakazile eziqhakaza ubuhlanga ziqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Zihlala emagatsheni izinsuku eziyi-15-60. Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu zihlanganiswa emikhawulweni yamagatsha amasha. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-gorse imbozwe ngeveli eliminyene eliphuzi, elicasha yonke imifino eluhlaza ngaphansi. Ngo-Agasti, ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuqala. Amagatsha ahlobisa ubhontshisi omude omfishane ngembewu ecwebezelayo enombala onsundu.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo
Ngokwesihlukaniso samanye amazwe, uhlobo lwe-gorse lubandakanya izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-125. Ezinye zazo zilungele ukutshala maphakathi neRussia.
I-Gorse iyadaya. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala eNtshonalanga Siberia, Kazakhstan nase Middle East. Isihlahlana esifushane, esivuthayo asinawo ameva futhi sikhula sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 ukuphakama. Amagqabantshintshi abuthakathaka, anwebayo ambozwe ngamaqabunga angashonile, acishe angenalutho. Ubude bamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza awudluli ku-2,5 cm. Izimbali eziphuzi ziqoqwa kuma-inflemcence ama-racemose eziqongweni zamahlumela amancane. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni futhi zihlala izinsuku ezingama-65. Ngemuva kokuvota, ubhontshisi omfishane, ophansi uvuthwe. Emashumini eminyaka edlule, kwakusetshenziswa amaqabunga nezimbali ukuthola uphuzi ophuzi, lapho izinhlobonhlobo zalibiza ngawo.
Gorse waseJalimane. Isitshalo se-thermophilic asibekezeleli isithwathwa. Amagatsha ama-pubescent aqondile akha isihlahla esingama-60 cm ukuphakama aze afinyelele ku-1,2 m. Amacembe we-Lanceolate sessile ane-pubescence ohlangothini oluhle asendaweni yezithombo. Endaweni okunamathiselwe kuyo ishidi kunomgogodla omude oluhlaza. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ama-inflorescence abukeka okwegolide aqhakaza emaphethelweni amagatsha. Baqhubeka kuze kube ngu-Agasti, kuthi ngo-Okthoba izithelo zivuthwe. Imbewu yalolu hlobo iqhuma kabi.
Gorse yaseSpain. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esiyindilinga esiyindilinga esifinyelela ku-50 cm. Umqhele waso omnyama okhanyayo uqukethe amaqabunga acwebezelayo angama-lanceolate afika ku-1 cm. Izimbali zenzeka ngezigaba ezi-2. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-inflorescence aphuzi aqhakazile aqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izimbali eziphindaphindwayo futhi ezingenakubalwa kakhulu zenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Le nhlobo imelana namaqhwa aze afike ku-20 ° C.
I-Lydian gorse. Le nhlobonhlobo ivame eningizimu yeYurophu, yize ikwazi ukumelana nokupholisa ukufika ku-15 ° C. Izithombo ezinwabuzelayo zitholakala eduze komhlabathi noma ziwa kahle emithambekeni yezintaba. Amagatsha ambozwe kakhulu ngamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza okotshani. Ukuqhakaza okumnandi nokuchichima kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Juni.
Ukuzala
Amagaqa asakazeka ngembewu nokusika. Imbewu kufanele ivunwe ngo-Agasti, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuthwa. Ubhontshisi ovuthiwe uphenduka onsundu futhi uqhekeke ngokwawo. Imbewu zomile futhi ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kube ngu-2,5 kuya ku-2,5 cm.Amapulangwe afafazwa nomhlaba futhi aniselwa ngokulinganayo. Amahlumela okuqala avela entwasahlobo. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali akulindelekile ngaphambi kweminyaka emibili yobudala.
Ezinye izinhlobo zizala kangcono ngokusika. NgoJuni, izingcezu ezisikiwe ezingama-12-15 cm ziyanqunywa. Zenziwe ngaphandle kokulashwa kokuqala kwenhlabathi enomswakama enesihlabathi. Ngenkathi izimpande zakha, kuyadingeka ukugcina izithombo ngaphansi kwehod noma ku-greenhouse. Ama-30-40% ezitshalo kuphela ezima izimpande.
Nakekela i-gorse
Ukunakekela i-gorse endaweni evulekile kulula. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu futhi sikhula ngokwaso. Ngokufika, kufanele ukhethe indawo emthambekeni noma ekuphakameni. Ama-gorse akhetha inhlabathi evulekile, enamanzi amaningi enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesihlabathi ne-limestone. Izitshalo ezincane kuphela ezingatshalwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yobudala, izimpande zikhula kakhulu kangangokuba ukufakelwa okungenazhlungu kuba yinto engenakwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuphila sikaDrock asiside kangako. Ishumi leminyaka kamuva, yelula futhi iveze amagatsha, okuthinta kabi ukuhlobisa. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, izihlahla ezindala zithathelwa indawo izitshalo ezisencane.
IGorse idinga ukukhanya okukhulu futhi ayesabi ukukhanya kwelanga. Kufanele itshalwe endaweni evulekile. Ngaphansi komthunzi wezinye izihlahla, amagatsha athwale ngokushesha, futhi nokuqhakaza kuqhakaza.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu awesabisi i-gorse, kepha ingahlaselwa yisithwathwa. Esifundeni esiphakathi neRussia, ama-bush ambozwe ngesihlahla sonwele sasebusika nezinto ezingasukiwanga ebusika. Ebusika obusika obunamakhaza, ubusika obuqabile, izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwebusika ngaphandle kokukhosela, kepha amagatsha aphezulu avame ukubanda.
IGorse iyamelana nesomiso, kepha ingahlushwa umswakama omningi womhlabathi. Imvamisa uba nemvula yemvelo eyanele. Ukuchelela kwenziwa kuphela uma kungabikho imvula ende.
Ukwakha umqhele, ukuthenwa komzimba okwedlulele kungenziwa. Ukuqala kwentwasahlobo kulungele kangcono le nqubo. Amathikithi obukhulu anganikezwa noma yisiphi isimo. Lapho usebenza nezinhlobo ezinamahlwili, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze ungazilimazi.
Izici eziwusizo
Izimbali ezingama-gorse, iziqu nezimpande ziqukethe ama-tannins, ama-alkaloid, nama-flavonoid kanye namafutha abalulekile. Umuthi osemthethweni awusebenzisi isitshalo ngenxa yolwazi lwaso olubi. Emithini yesintu emazweni amaningi, ama-decoctions kanye ne-alcohol tincture asetshenziswa njenge-diuretic, restorative, laxative and sedative. Le mishanguzo ihlanza umzimba wobuthi kusuka ngaphakathi, futhi isize ukuqeda ukutheleleka kwesikhumba futhi ipholise amanxeba.
Imithi evela gorse isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo ezifana nalezi:
- i-hepatitis;
- i-rheumatism;
- i-dermatitis ye-allergic;
- umalaleveva
- i-stomatitis
- i-tonsillitis;
- isifuba somoya.
Ama-warts nama-papillomas aphathwa ngejusi entsha ukuze uwaqede.
Kodwa-ke, i-gorse iqukethe izinto ezinobuthi, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa akufanele kuhlukunyezwe. Okuyingozi kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nababolekayo, izingane kanye neziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Isitshalo sengadi
Emklamweni we-landscape, i-gorse ibaluleke kakhulu ngokuqhakaza kwayo okugqamile futhi obuningi. Amabhasi noma izihlahla ezincane zingatshalwa ngokulingene emnyango wendlu noma eceleni kocingo. Izimo ezinwabuzelayo nezinamaqhubuzane zilungele ukuhlobisa imithambeka enamadwala nezihibe zokuma kwendawo yaseningizimu noma eningizimu. I-Rhizome enamagatsha aqinisa inhlabathi kahle futhi ingasetshenziswa ukuvimba ukuchitheka kwenhlabathi.
Lesi sitshalo silungele ukuhlobisa izingadi zamadwala, ama-rockeries kanye nezinye izikhathi zokuhlangana. Lapho wenza izingoma, ama-gorse ahlanganiswa kangcono nezitshalo zesihlahla nezihlahla. Kungaba yi-juniper, i-cotoneaster, i-euonymus, yew, i-barberry, i-elecampane noma i-buzulnik.
