ISophora Japonica yisihlahla esikhulu, esidlangile esingesizukulwane sohlobo lwe-Styphnobius emndenini we-legume. Izitshalo zasekhaya yiJapan neChina. Ngenxa yokuthi ifana ne-acacia, ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi- "acacia yaseJapan" noma "i-pagoda." ISophora inomqhele ovulekile wobubanzi obuhlaza obuhlaza. Isitshalo siyakwazi ukuhlobisa kahle ingadi ezindaweni eziseningizimu noma esimeni sezulu esipholile. Noma kunjalo, iningi le-sophora alaziwa hhayi ngemiphumela yalo yokuhlobisa, kodwa ngezakhiwo zalo eziningi zokuphilisa. Kusetshenziswa ngenkuthalo emithini yesintu nemithi yendabuko, ngakho-ke, ukuthola udokotela onjalo engadini yakho kuzobe kungaphandle ndawo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
ISophora yaseJapan isihlahla esiqabayo ukuphakama okungama-20-25 m. Inomqhele obabazekayo, oyindilinga noma oyisambulela. Amagatsha emithambo akhula ngokuvundlile, owokuqala aphansi impela. Zonke izingxenye ezinesithobo zimbozwe ngegxolo elimnyama lomthunzi ompunga omnyama onemifantu ejulile. Amahlumela amasha anesikhumba esiluhlaza esikhanyayo. Akukhova emeveni.
Amahlamvu ka-Petiole emagatsheni ahlelwe ngokulandelayo. Zinesakhiwo esingafakwanga futhi zinamaqabunga angama-9- 17. Ubude beqabunga elilodwa ne-petiole buyi-11-25 cm.I-loblong noma i-ovoid lobes ikhula ngo-2-5 cm. Ipuleti leqabunga alinalutho, luhlaza okotshani. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi njalo kusihlwa amahlamvu agoqa futhi awele phansi, bese kuthi ekuseni kuphinde kwenzeke.
NgoJulayi-Agasti, kuqhakaza izimbali eziqhakazile nezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Aqoqwe ku-panicle inflorescence emaphethelweni amahlumela. Ubude be-inflorescence bungama-35 cm angama-35. Izinyawo eziqondile ezinamagatsha anamacembe zinezimbali ezibunjiwe ezinamacembe athambile. Imbali ngayinye cishe engu-1 cm inobude bayo.
ISophora isitshalo esihle kakhulu soju. Uju lune-amber tint elula futhi luphulukisa kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, ubhontshisi onomhluzi ongu-3-8 cm ubude. Ama-pods asemakhondweni aqine ngokushesha lapho nje aqhamile anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onsundu, bese eba bomvu njengoba evuthwa. Ubhontshisi ungilengisa emagatsheni ebusika bonke.
Ukusakazeka kweSophora
ISophora isatshalaliswa yimbewu nokusikwa. Ekuhlwanyeleni, udinga ukusebenzisa imbewu entsha. Ukuze izithombo zivele kungekudala, kubalulekile ukwenza i-stratification eshisayo (uthele amanzi abilayo amahora ama-2) noma ukukhubazeka (phatha isikhumba ngefayela lesipikili) lezimbewu. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, batshalwe emabhodweni ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi ne-peat kuya ekujuleni kuka-2-3 cm. Izilimo ziyanyiswa futhi zimbozwe ifilimu. Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa izitshalo endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni nangokukhanya okuhle. Amahlumela awaveli ngokushesha, phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2. Izithombo ezikhulile ezinamaqabunga amabili angempela ziyagobhoza (zisike impande ngesithathu) bese zitshalwa zenziwe amabhodwe amancane.
Ukuze usakaze izithombo nge-cuttings, kuyadingeka ukusika amahlumela ambalwa apical 10-15 cm ubude ngeqabunga amaqabunga aqinile ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo noma ihlobo. Isilayi siphathwa nge "Kornevin" futhi sitshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama. Izimbambo zimbozwe ngopulasitiki. Zidinga ukukhishwa nsuku zonke futhi zithanyiswe njengoba kunesidingo.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
I-Indoor Sophora isakha umqhele kanye ne-rhizome ngokushesha, kepha kunzima impela ukubekezelela ukufakelwa. Ngisho nezihlahla ezincane zitshalwa ngonyaka. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zibuyisela indawo yangaphezulu kuphela. USophora, njengabameli abaningi bomndeni we-legume, ungena ku-fungi ne fungus etholakala enhlabathini. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpawu ezincane zamhlophe ezimhlophe ezimpandeni. Kwisitshalo, inyunyana enjalo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke, lapho ufakelwa, akunakwenzeka ukusula ngokuphelele umhlaba kusuka ezimpandeni.
Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa izinto kunguJanuwari -Febhuwari, kuze kufike isikhathi sokukhula. ISophora ayinazo izidingo zomhlaba eziningi. Kubalulekile nje ukuthi ukhanye futhi uphefumule. Imvamisa sebenzisa umhlaba wonke noma wengadi ngokuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi somfula. Phansi, qiniseka ukuthulula ungqimba lwezinto zokudonsa.
Ukulima nokunakekela
ISophora Japanese iyazikhukhumeza ekushiyeni. Ingatshalwa kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile nangaphakathi ezindlini. Emgwaqweni, lesi sitshalo uyakwazi ukubusika eCaucasus, eCrimea, eSakhalin nakwezinye izindawo kuze kufike eSiberia eseningizimu. Izitshalo zasendlini zidinga ukuhanjiswa okujwayelekile nemikhawulo yokuphakama. Kulokhu, umuthi ulungele amahhovisi wezindlu nezindlu. Kudingeka ukuthi kukhuliswe kubhavu enkulu futhi, uma kungenzeka, kuthathwe kuthathwe umoya omusha entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukuze i-sophora ikhule ngokujwayelekile, imithetho ethile yokunakekelwa kufanele ibonwe.
Isibani Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi kakhulu. Idinga ukukhanya kosuku olude nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuvunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, ehlobo, ekushiseni okuqinile, kunconywa ukumisa umqhele. Ebusika, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngamalambu kungadingeka.
Ukushisa USophora uvumelana kahle nemvelo. Ibekezelela ukushisa ngokweqile ehlobo, kepha idinga ukufakwa umoya njalo. Ebusika, isitshalo kufanele sithuthelwe endaweni epholile. Kungcono ukuyigcina isezingeni lokushisa elingu-0 ... + 13 ° C. Ama-sophors angaphandle ayakwazi ukubekezelela ama-frames wesikhashana esifushane nendawo yokuhlala kuze kube--25 ° C. Uma ungakwazi ukunikeza ubusika obumnandi, udinga ukunakekela ukukhanyisa okukhulu.
Umswakama. Emvelweni, uSophora uhlala ezindaweni eziwugwadule, ngakho-ke angabhekana kalula nomswakama ophansi. Akudingi ukufafazwa ngokukhethekile, kepha kuyasiza ukugeza nokugeza kusuka othulini ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukunisela. USophora ukhetha ukunisela ngokulingana futhi angabekezelela isomiso sesikhashana. Isikhathi eside kakhulu ukukhawula ukuthambisa akusifanele, uma kungenjalo ingxenye yamaqabunga e-sophora izokwehla. Kepha ukuwuthulula akunconywa, ngoba umuthi ungafa ngokushesha. ISophora ayifakwa ekwakhekeni kwamanzi, ungasebenzisa amanzi kampompi kanzima.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Agasti, iSofora idinga ukondliwa njalo. Kabili ngenyanga, isixazululo somanyolo noma wamanyolo we-organic wezitshalo eziqhakazayo sithululelwa emhlabathini.
Ubusika. Izitshalo ezingaphandle ebusika zidinga ukuvikelwa. Inhlabathi ezimpandeni ihlanganiswe nge-peat futhi imbozwe ngamahlamvu awile. Izihlahla zasendlini ezinobusika obupholile nazo zilahla cishe wonke amahlamvu. Lokhu kujwayelekile. Kusekupheleni kukaJanuwari, njengoba isikhathi sasemini sikhuphuka, amahlumela aqala ukuvuvukala bese kuvela imifino emisha. Amaqabunga amasha asebenza njengophawu lokunisela okuningana nokwazisa kwengxenye yokuqala yomanyolo.
Izihlahla. I-Sofora ekhula ngokushesha kufanele inqunywe njalo, ngoba ukukhula okuqhelile kwezimila kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Izimpikiswano ezincane zihlala zincipha ukuze zigatsheke kangcono. Amagatsha amakhulu wamathambo wezinga lokuqala nelesibili anqunywa yi-secateurs.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, izimpande zingathinteka ngokubola. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela eziningana zokwelapha nge-fungicides. Ngesinye isikhathi, izitshalo zithintwa yizinambuzane ezikalwa ngezilinganiso, ama-aphid nama-motht-mittens. Ngosizo lwama-insecticides, kungenzeka ukuthi ususe ngokushesha izinambuzane.
USophora waseJapan engadini
I-Sophora njengesihlahla esikhulu esisakazayo ilula kakhulu ukuphumula. Ngaphansi kwayo ungabeka i-gazebo noma uhlele inkundla yokudlala. Amagatsha aqinile amelana nemithwalo esindayo futhi kufanelekile ukuthola ukuthwala. Umqhele osakazekile uyovikela ngokuthembekile elangeni elihangulayo, nephunga elimnandi nelingathandeki lizosiza ekwakheni isimo esifanele. Isihlahla sikhulu impela, ngakho-ke kuphela isitshalo esisodwa esanele esizeni. Kepha emapaki batshala ama-alleys wonke.
Izici zokwelapha nokwakhiwa
Zonke izingxenye ze-sophora zaseJapan ziqukethe izinto eziningi ezilusizo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- i-flavonoid rutin (ukuqinisa ama-capillaries, ukunciphisa ukuqina kwegazi, ukuqeda i-edema);
- pachycarpin alkaloid (umphumela oyisidididi, ukuthonya kwezifo zesibeletho, ukuncishiswa komfutho wegazi ophakeme);
- ukulandelela izinto (i-potassium, i-boron, i-magnesium, iodine, i-zinc, i-iron) - ukuqinisa izicubu, amathambo, ukuvuselela isikhumba, ukuqeda ubuthi;
- ama-glycosides (vasodilation, sputum extretion, anciphile i-excitability);
- i-organic acids (ukuqedwa kobuthi, isithiyo ezinqubekweni ezifakwayo zokugcina emzimbeni endaweni yokugaya ukudla).
Izinto zinomphumela omkhulu ohlelweni lokujikeleza, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni yegazi kanye nama-capillaries. I-Sophora ihlanza izikhala ezingaphakathi zama-plaque, futhi iqinisa izindonga futhi inciphise ukungabi namandla kwazo. Njengendwangu eluhlaza yezokwelapha, izimbali eziqhakaza kancane, amaqabunga noma izithelo ezingavuthiwe eziphuzi ziluhlaza zivuniwe. Zomise egumbini elinomoya omncane, opholile. Sebenzisa izikhala izinyanga eziyi-12. Tea, umhluzi kanye namathisipuni e-alcohol aselungiselelwe wona.
Imithi inezakhi zokwelapha ezilandelayo:
- ukuncipha kwe-fragility yemithambo yegazi;
- ukususwa kwama-cholesterol plaque;
- ukwehla kokukhohlakala;
- ukulwa neziqhekeza zegazi zemikhumbi emincane;
- ukulungiswa kwezimo zezinqubo ze-metabolic;
- wandise ukungatheleleki;
- ukwehla kokungezwani komzimba;
- ukulungiswa kwengcindezi yegazi;
- ukuncipha kokubonakaliswa kwe-tachycardia.
Njengoba i-rutin inika umphumela omkhulu kakhulu kusuka ekwelashweni, futhi incibilika otshwaleni, ama-tinctures otshwala avame ukutholakala kakhulu kumakhemisi. Baphathe amaconsi ambalwa ngaphakathi. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kusiza ukuqinisa umzimba, kuthulise izinzwa futhi kunqobe ezinye izifo. Ngokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, ama-lotion kanye nama-compress asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukumezekile noma ekuhlungeni. Uboya bekotini oswakanyiswe ku-tincture bufakwa emazinyweni abuhlungu.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi, i-sophora inethonya elizuzayo ebuchosheni. Kuvame ukunqunywa odokotela ukuvimbela ukugwazwa kwe-hemorrhoidal.
Abaningi bazijwayeza ukuthatha imishanguzo neSophora yaseJapan bebodwa, kepha kungcono ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ngemuva kwakho konke, noma yimuphi umuthi uma usetshenziswe ngokungafanele ungalimaza. Njengoba le mishanguzo isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekwelashweni kwendabuko, udokotela uzonikeza usizo oluphelele ku-regimen kanye nomphumela olindelekile.
Contraindication, imiphumela emibi
ISophora cishe ayinakho ukuphikisana. Kepha abantu abanemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezitshalo kudingeka baqale ukuthatha ngokuqapha okukhulu. Imvamisa, ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba komzimba kulibaziseka ngesikhathi. Lokho wukuthi, i-rash ivela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto ngemuva kokuqala kokuphatha.
Abanye ochwepheshe bathi i-sophora inobuthi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngemithamo, ukulimala akukho ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa akukanconywa kwabaphethwe yi-allergy, abahlengikazi nabesifazane abakhulelwe (ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa) nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3 ubudala.
Imiphumela emibi yesidakamizwa ifaka uhudo, ukugabha, isicanucanu, ukuthamba kanye nobuhlungu esiswini. Ezimpawu zokuqala zokuwohloka kwempilo, kuyadingeka ukumisa ukwelashwa masinyane uye esibhedlela.
