I-Phacelia isitshalo esiqhakaza izimbali herbaceous kusuka emndenini we-Aquatic. INingizimu neNyakatho Melika zithathwa njengezwe lakhe, kepha zilima kuwo wonke umhlaba. Isizathu salokhu ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kanye nobuningi bezakhiwo eziwusizo. Ngisho nomhlabathi ominyene we-phacelia uzophenduka ngokushesha uvuleke uvunde. Izimbali ezinamakha ziqukethe umpe omningi, futhi i-phacelia yezinyosi inezinto eziningi ezisebenzayo. Isakhiwo se-inflorescence sanikeza igama lonke uhlobo. Kusuka olimini lwesiGreek elithi "phacelia" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "inqwaba". Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngisho nesiqalo singakwazi kahle ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Phacelia yotshani wonyaka, obumbene nolo futhi ongama-0.5-1 m ukuphakama. I-rhizome yezimpande enezinqubo ezithandekayo ezingemuva ikhula ingene emhlabathini ijule ngamasentimitha angama-20. Isiqu esiqinile sitholakala ngqo futhi sinezindlela eziningi ezilandelwayo, ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, i-phacelia ibukeka kakhulu njengesihlahla . Amahlumela ambozwe ngesikhumba esimboziwe ngamabhulashi noma ngesipende futhi adwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile.
Amahlamvu we-Ash-green angakhula ngokuhlukile noma ngokungafani futhi atholakala kuma-petioles amafushane. Amahlamvu asondele ngokwanele komunye nomunye. Ipuleti lamaqabunga lithatha ukwakheka okubunjiwe noma okukhishwa nge-cirrus Impumuzo ye-vein ibonakala endaweni enesikhumba. Imiphetho yamaqabunga imvamisa i-serrate, kepha futhi kukhona ephelele.
Izimbali ziqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi zihlala ngokuqhubekayo kuze kube sekwindla. Kulokhu, imbali eyodwa yambulwa kuphela izinsuku ezingama-1-2. Ama-buds amancane aqoqwa kuzinqwaba eziminyene emaphethelweni ngeziqu zezingcezu ezingama-40-100. Zinezinyawo ezifushane kakhulu noma zihlala phezu kwe-peduncle. Ama-corollas amancane apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi futhi abe nobumba bell. Amabhuqa amade amade avela enkabeni yalembali enamacembe amahlanu ahlanganisiwe.
Ukungcola kwenzeka ngosizo lwezinambuzane. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amabhokisi embewu avuthwa ngezinhlamvu eziningi ezincane. Ku-1 g yezinto zokutshala kukhona amayunithi ayi-1800-2000.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, uhlobo lwephacelia luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-57 kuya kwezingama-80 zezitshalo. Ezweni lethu, kaningi ungathola abambalwa kuphela.
Phacelia tansy. Utshani wonyaka ongafinyelela ku-1 m ubude buba nesihlahla esinamanzi, ngoba izinqubo ezifika ku-20 zoboya ziyaphuma ekujuleni okukhulu. Kakade ngoMeyi, izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyaqhakaza ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga e-oval egcwele. Aqoqiwe ku-inflorescence enomhlambo owodwa-ngesikeya ngendlela yecici. Izinkomishi ezifanele zamaphalishi ayi-5 ububanzi zingamasentimitha amabili kuphela. Izimbali zihambisana nephunga lezinyosi.
I-Phacelia ibunjiwe bell. Lesi sitshalo sakhiwe ngezinhlamvu eziqondile ezinamagatsha aqhakaza afinyelela kuma-25 cm ukuphakama. Zinomzimba futhi zithambile. Ingaphezulu limbozwe isikhumba esibomvu se-fleecy. Amacembe ajwayelekile we-ovoid anamazinyo angalingani emaphethelweni akhula ngo-6 cm ubude. Zipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali eziqhakazile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi ezilinganayo zifinyelela ku-cm 3. Ziqhakaza ngoJuni. Isikhungo somhubhe cishe simhlophe. Izinyosi ezimnyama ezinama-anthers amakhulu ziyaphuma kuwo. Izimbali ziqoqwa ngama-curls, wona ahambisana nezinhlanga. Izinhlobo:
- I-California bell - izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-25 mm ngaphezu kwezimila ze-fleecy ezimpunga;
- I-Blue Bonnet - esihlahleni esifinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama, izinsimbi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezivulekile.
UPhacelia usontekile. Amahlumela afinyelela ku-0,5 m aphezulu ambozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani aluhlaza ngokuthambisa. Phezulu ngoJuni-Septhemba kukhona ama-curls amahle avela ezincanyana (kufika ku-5 mm ubukhulu) izinsimbi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Phacelia njenge-siderat
ISiderata izitshalo ezihlwanyelwa amazwe ampofu, anenkinga yokuthuthukisa izimfanelo zawo. UPhacelia ungumholi ngalo mqondo. Izimpande zesitshalo, njengoba zikhula, zithukulula i-substrate kahle, ziguqule ubumba olusindayo lube yinto evele ngaphandle. Iziqu zisheshe zibole bese ziphenduka zibe humus. Ucebisa umhlaba ngokuphelele ngamaminerali anempilo kanye nezinto eziphilayo. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyelwa okunjalo, imifino nezimpande izilimo zingatshalwa esizeni iminyaka engama-2-3 ngaphandle kokufaka umquba nhlobo.
I-Phacelia iqhakaza izinyanga eziyi-1.5 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Ngalesi sikhathi, umthamo we-green green ufinyelela ku-300 kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu. Ngokuqala kokuqhakaza, isivuno singagawulwa. Ngemuva kokucheba, amahlumela ayeka ukukhula bese izimpande zibola. Kulokhu, inhlabathi ichuma ngezakhamzimba. Ngomthamo owanele womswakama enhlabathini kanye nokufika kwezulu, awukho amandla okulawula awekho. Isikhathi esifushane sokuthuthuka sikuvumela ukuthi wenze izitshalo eziningana ngesizini noma ukhulise i-phacelia ngemuva kokuvuna.
Isitshalo singumhlengikazi wengadi. Ngenqubo yokukhula, i-acidity yenhlabathi iyashintsha kusuka ku-acidic iye kokungathathi hlangothi. Ushintsho olunjalo lunomthelela ekucindezelweni kokhula, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Ehehwa yiphunga le-phacelia, izinambuzane ezidla izimbotshana (ama-entomophages) zibhubhisa izimuncagazi (nematode, amaqabunga amaqabunga, isikhonyane, inundu lokufaka amakhodi).
Ukuzala
I-Phacelia ikhula kusuka imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngisho nezitshalo ezincane zimelana neqhwa lika -9 ° C. Ukuhlwanyela kokuqala kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile ngaphambi kobusika. Amahlumela avela ekuseni kakhulu. Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kungaqala ngoMashi-Ephreli, lapho kungewona wonke amaqhwa asele. Ngemuva kokuvuna kusuka ezitshalweni zasengadini, lesi sitshalo esiwusizo siphinde sihlwanyelwe. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ngoJulayi.
I-Phacelia ivumeleka kunoma yiziphi izimo zokuphila, kepha kungcono ukwakha inqwaba eluhlaza ezindaweni ezinomoya omncane, okhanyiselwe kahle. Isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukufakelwa, ngakho-ke izindawo ezihlosiwe zihlwanyelwe masinyane kubo. Njengoba imbewu incane kakhulu, ihlanganiswa nesihlabathi noma sawdust. Izinga lokutshala lika-100 g wembewu ngu-50-80 m². Izinto zokutshala zingasatshalaliswa ngaphandle kokulima kokuqala ngqo phezu kobuso. Abanye abalimi basalungisa izimbobo ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-1.5-2. Imbewu igxilisiwe enhlabathini bese igobeka kancane ukuze uthintane kangcono. Ukukhohlisa okunjalo kuzothuthukisa ukuxhumana futhi kwenze izithombo zikhulu kakhulu.
Umhlaba kumele umanzi. Uma kungekho kwezulu, udinga ukunisela isiza. Amahlumela okuqala avela ezinsukwini ezingama-7 kuya ku-12 emva kokuhlwanyela. Ngokuqala kwamaqabunga eqiniso ayi-3-4, okutsaliwe kunciphile. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngu-5-7 cm. Ekuphakameni kwe-6 cm cm, ibanga landa ngo-10-15 cm.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Fazelia
I-Phacelia isiko elinomqondo ophansi kakhulu futhi elinganaki. Kungokwezitshalo ezibekezelela isomiso. Ukuchelela kuyadingeka kuphela uma kungabikho isikhathi eside kwezulu, lapho ingaphezulu lomhlabathi liqhekekile.
Ngenkathi izithombo zincane (kufika kumaviki ayi-2-3), azikwazi ukulawula ngokuzimela ukhula. Imibhede kufanele isuswe ukhula futhi idedelwe. Izitshalo eziqinile aziyidingi le nqubo.
Ukuze amahlumela akhule ngokushesha futhi aqhakaze abe maningi, kufanele ondle i-phacelia ngesakhiwo sezimbiwa sasemhlabeni kabili ngenyanga. Umanyolo futhi wenza izimbali zikhulu. I-buds yokuqala ivulwa ngenyanga. Kungakapheli amasonto ayi-1-2, kuvulwa izimbali ezimbalwa kuphela, bese kuvela ukuqhakaza okuningana futhi okuningi.
Uma i-phacelia ikhule njengesitshalo sezitshalo, ukugunda kwenziwa esigabeni sokuhluma. Kamuva, okuqukethwe okunezakhi zomzimba kuyancipha.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu kwenziwa lapho ingaphezu kwengxenye yembewu ibe nsundu. Sebenzisa imbewu evela emabhokisini aphansi kuma-inflorescence. Kubalulekile ukunganqikazi, ngoba ama-achenes avuthiwe ngokuphelele futhi aqhekekile.
Izinambuzane nezifo zithinta i-phacelia ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu. Imvamisa, imishanguzo ayiphathwa, imane ihlukanise isitshalo esithintekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengadi
Lapho uhlela ukutshala ngezigaba eziningana, ungafinyelela izimbali eziqhubekayo "kusuka iqhwa kuneqhwa." Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zitshalwa embhedeni wezimbali oxutshwe eceleni komgwaqo, phakathi kwamatshe namatshe. Zingatshalwa phakathi kwezitshalo zezithelo ukuhlobisa nokuvikela ingadi. I-phacelia ekwinduku zezimbali ibukeka inhle kakhulu, njengesitshalo se-ampel se-balcony ne-veranda. Kuhlanganiswe ne-calendula, ifilakisi, i-rudbeckia, i-lavender, eshsoltsia, atrium. Imbewu yalobu buhle ifakwa engxube yethanga lamaMoorish.
