IHyssop isitshalo esimnandi se-herbaceous esivela emndenini weLamiaceae. Kungokwesigcawu sokuqala (isizwe) sakwaMint. Emvelweni wemvelo, lesi sitshalo sitholakala eMedithera, eCentral Asia, eCrimea naseCaucasus. Ngenxa yemibala yayo ejulile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ihisopi libizwa nangokuthi "i-wort yaseSt." Imbali ithanda izindunduma ezinamadwala, amathafa, amagquma amnene, amagquma. Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zokuhlobisa, i-hyssop inenqwaba yezinye izici ezihehayo. Ungumuthi omuhle kakhulu, isitshalo sezinyosi kanye nokusongela okuhle. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele sibheke ekhoneni engadini.
Incazelo yezitshalo
IHyssop umuthi ongaguquki noma shrub onobude obungama-50-60 cm. Ukondliwa ngompande oqinile wenduku. Isiqu sibonisa ngaphezulu ezansi. Zikhula zibheke phezulu futhi zinesimo se-tetrahedral enomgogodi oyisiyingi. Ingaphezulu lembabazwe lamahlumela limbozwe ngesikhumba esimnyama esimnyama inqwaba emfishane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-rhizome kanye nesisekelo sesiqu sokhuni.
Amacembe amnyama aluhlaza ahlala esihlahleni noma akhula kuma-petioles amafushane kakhulu kulo lonke ubude. Bahlukile. Ipuleti leqabunga le-lanceolate noma le-oval likhula ngo-2 cm ubude nangu-4,9 mm ububanzi. Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zikhipha iphunga elibabayo elinephunga elimnandi futhi linambithelo obabayo obabayo.
NgoJuni-Septhemba, ingaphezulu lesiqu lihlotshiswe ngamafreyimuthi amafushane futhi amnyama okomhlaba. Ama-spikelets amancane aqukethe ama-corollas angama-3-7 akhula kuma-axils amaqabunga aphezulu. Kude kude, isiqu sifana nekhandlela elikhanyayo. Ama-buds amancane apendwe ngamathoni e-lilac, apinki, amhlophe noma amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali engajwayelekile enezindebe ezimbili ivunyelwe impova yizinambuzane. IHyssop isitshalo esihle kakhulu soju.
Izithelo zesitshalo zingamantongomane amancane kakhulu e-tetrahedral ovoid. Kunama-unit angaphezu kwe-1000 nge-1 g yembewu.
Izinhlobo zeHyssop
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, uhlobo lwehisopi baba ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingama-50. Ngemuva kokuhlaziywa kabusha kwesigaba, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-7 kuphela ezisele.
IHyssopus officinalis (emincane-ileved, ejwayelekile). Isitshalo esineziqu eziqinile sakha isihlahla esinezimbali engama-20-80 cm ukuphakama. Izimpande zesiqu kanye nengaphansi yamahlumela zisheshe zizenze zibole. Ingxenye engenhla yeziqu ingenalutho noma yehliswe ngenqwaba emfushane. Izincwajana eziphikisanayo cishe ngaphandle kwama-petioles zinesimo se-lanceolate. Zipendiwe ngotshani obumnyama. NgoJulayi-Agasti, ama-inflorescence avela enxebeni elilodwa, akhiwe kuma axils amaqabunga apical, aqhakaza. I-nimbus enezindebe ezimbili ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani, obomvu, opinki noma omhlophe uyaphuma endebeni eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Owesifazane abahamba isikhathi eside baphuma phakathi nendawo. Amantongomane amancane ngendlela yamantongomane avuthwa ngoSepthemba.
I-Hyssop chalk. Amahlumela ahlanganisiwe akhula ngo-20-50 cm ukuphakama futhi akha isihlahla esidala. Izinhlobonhlobo zathola igama lothando lwazo ukuhlala kuma-Cretaceous deposits, kamuva zakha inhlabathi enempilo efanele ezinye izitshalo. NgoJuni-Agasti, iziqalo zeziqu zihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngesi spike. Kuzo kuvela iphunga elikhulu lebhalsamu.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezifakwe kuhlu, kunezindlela zokuhlobisa ezingadi eziningana. Zisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba. Umehluko omkhulu umbala wama-inflorescences. Phakathi kokuthakazelisa kakhulu kukhona izinhlobo:
- I-pink flamingo;
- I-Hoarfrost;
- Chord;
- Ukusa;
- I-Amethyst;
- I-Nikitsky emhlophe.
Izindlela zokuzala
IHyssop isakazwa ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Imbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka engaba ngu-3-4. Lapho ukhula iHhissop kusuka imbewu, khumbula ukuthi is-pollin impova. Ngakho-ke, inzalo ngokubukeka ingahluka kubazali bayo. Izilimo zikhiqizwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile noma izithombo ezandulewe.
Kwindlela yokutshala, maphakathi no-Mashi, impahla yembewu isatshalaliswa emabhokisini ngomxube we-sand-peat. Lungisa ama-grooves ngokujula okungama-0,5-1 cm ngebanga elingama-5- 10 cm. Amahlumela avela ndawonye emasontweni ayi-1.5-2. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ayi-4 eqiniso ezinhlelweni, angena emabhodweni we-peat noma emabhokisini anobude obungamasentimitha ayi-5. Izithombo eneminyaka eyi-7 amasonto ayi-7 zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwe-seedling engakhanyi ukuphela kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, isiza simbiwa futhi izimbobo zakhiwa ngokujula kuka-5-8 mm ngebanga elingama-50-60 cm.Izitshalo ezikhulile ziyahlungwa, zikhulisa ibanga ukuya ku-20 cm .Ukuvimbela izitshalo ezincane ukuthi zingathinteki yiqhwa lasebusuku, zimbozwe ngefilimu.
Ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ngo-Ephreli, isihlahla sehisopi esiqinile, esikhulile seminyaka eyisishiyagalombili sihlukaniswe saba izingxenye. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, lesi sitshalo simbiwa ngokuphelele futhi sisike ngommese obukhali sibe yi-Delenki ngamahlumela ambalwa nengxenye yezimpande. Ngokushesha atshalwe endaweni entsha. Izitshalo azijulile.
Ehlobo, ungafafaza maphakathi nesihlahla ngamahlumela womhlaba. Iziqu zinezimpande futhi zingatshalwa njengezitshalo ezizimele. Ukuze uvumelane ngokushesha, amahlumela afinyezwa ngama-30-50%.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
IHyssop ayidingi ukunakwa njalo, kepha usadinga ukunakekela isitshalo. Kufanele akhethe indawo evulekile nenelanga enenhlabathi evulekile, engagcwalisiwe. Lapho amanzi asemhlabathini esondela ebusweni, i-hyssop izobuna noma ifa. Kukhethwa umhlabathi omncane one-alkaline noma ongathathi hlangothi onenzalo ephezulu. Ngaphambi kokwehla, isiza kufanele silungiselelwe. Gcoba ulamula othambile Endaweni eyodwa, isihlahla sikhula cishe iminyaka emi-5.
Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kuncishiselwa ukhula nokukhulula inhlabathi. IHyssop ihlushwa ukhula ngokhula, ngakho-ke izama ukuyikhipha masinyane.
Lesi sitshalo siyamelana nesomiso, ngakho sinisela kuphela ngokungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside (imvamisa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesizini). Lapho inhlabathi isomile kakhulu futhi iqhekeka, izihlahla ziniselwa ngesilinganiso samabhakede amanzi amabili endaweni ngayinye.
Kubalulekile ukusika njalo amahlumela. Amabhasi ayindilinga, anqume aze afike engxenyeni yesihlumela esencane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqhakaza kuzoba kuningi, futhi izimila zilungiswe kahle. Ukuze lesi sitshalo singahlupheki kakhulu ngokuthenwa okulukhuni, senziwa kabili ngonyaka (intwasahlobo yokuhlanza nokubumba ekwindla).
IHyssop imelana nokubanda futhi imvamisa ebusika kahle ngaphandle kokukhosela eningizimu yezwe. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, selokhu ekwindla, inhlabathi kanye nesisekelo amahlumela embozwe nge-peat mulch futhi kugoqwe ngamahlamvu awile. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukususa indawo yokukhosela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuze isitshalo sigcwele.
I-Blue St wort imelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Amahlumela ayo amakha asabisa izinambuzane ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane, ngakho-ke ukucubungula njalo akudingekile.
Izici eziwusizo
Izimbali, amaqabunga neziqu zehisopi kuqukethe izinto eziningi ezilusizo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- amavithamini;
- amafutha abalulekile;
- flavonoids;
- glycosides;
- umunyu;
- ama-tannins;
- imigodi.
Ngenhloso yokwelapha, yonke ingxenye yesitshalo iyavunwa. Ukuqoqwa kwenziwa ehlobo esigabeni sokuqothula. Izinto ezingavuthiwe zomisiwe ngaphandle ngaphansi kophahla. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuba yiphunga elincane. Isitshalo sichotshoziwe futhi sifakwe emgqonyeni ephepheni noma esikhwameni sendwangu. Gcina umuthi endaweni epholile, enomoya omncane.
Amakhambi we-Folk avela ngehisopi ngesimo se-decoctions, i-tinctures yotshwala, okokugcoba, uwoyela kanye ne-lotion asetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukahlukane kakhulu. Banemiphumela elindelekile, e-laxative, ye-bactericidal, e-diuretic, evuselelayo.
Itiye lisiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi lidambise umkhuhlane, i-bronchitis, ikhala eligudlayo kanye nesifuba somoya. Ama-Lotions anciphisa izinhlungu nokulimazeka ngenxa yokulimala nokulimala, asetshenziselwa futhi ukwelapha ukutheleleka ngefungus. Ama-decoction athathwa ngomlomo ngepheshana lesisu lesisu. Zibuye zibe nemiphumela ezuzisayo empilweni yabesifazane (dambisa izinhlungu nokushintshana kwemizwelo).
IHyssop inemiphumela evuselelayo nethonic. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungukuphikisana kwayo nabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abahlushwa ukubanjwa nokuqunjelwa. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele bangathathi nje kuphela umuthi ngaphakathi, kodwa futhi bathokomele nephunga lamafutha abalulekile.
IHyssop engadini
Izihlahla eziluhlaza eziluhlaza okotshani eziluhlaza okotshani obunama-inflorescence zibukeka kahle engadini ngesitayela semvelo. Bayakuvumela ukuthi wakhe i-steppe ekhoneni noma ucezu lwezilwane zasendle ezweni. AmaHyssop thickets amahle emagqumeni amnene, ezintabeni nasezintabeni zamagquma.
Ngenxa yephunga lakhona eliyinkimbinkimbi, lesi sitshalo sithandwa ekuphekeni. Amahlamvu agqitshiwe afakwa ezitsheni ezishisayo, bese umninikhaya ebeka amahlumela wehisopi emathini ngamalondolozi.
