Abalimi abaningi bakhula ama-eggplants ngeziza zabo - isiko elihle kakhulu futhi badinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa. Kule ndaba, kufanele babhekane nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-eggplant. Njengoba wazi, ukwelashwa okungcono kwesifo - ukuvimbela kwayo. Kodwa uma kwenzeke ukuthi kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuvimbela lesi sifo, umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi kungaba yini imiphumela nokuthi kufanele abhekane kanjani nabo. Kuqondene nezifo zama-eggplants kanye nokwelashwa okuzoxoxwa kulokhu kulesi sihloko ngezithombe ezicacile.
Ukuphathwa komlenze omnyama
Isizathu sokubamba intamo yentambo yesitshalo seqanda futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukunyamala kwalo kungumkhuhlane. Kuqhamuka i-gray grey kulezi zindawo. Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka sithuthuka, isiko sizophela kancane kancane, kanti uma umkhuhlane ususelwa ohlelweni lwempande, lesi sitshalo sizokoma ngokuphelele.
Umlenze omnyama unikeza izimpawu zokuqala ngemuva kokuqala kwamahlumela. Izimo ezifanele zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo - izinga eliphezulu lomswakama.
Ukuze ugweme ukutholakala kwalesi sifo, udinga ukufeza i-prophylactic ukuxhaphaza. Kunconywa ukuba usilungiselele ukubulala imithi yokutshala ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, kunoma yikuphi ukungavumeli ukunqwabelana komhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni kwezinga eliphansi.
Ungakwazi futhi ukukhipha imishanguzo ensizeni ngesisombululo se-bleach ngaphambi kokutshala, kepha lokhu kuyamukeleka uma kwenzeka ama-eggplants ekhulile endaweni yokushisa.
Uma isitshalo sisagula, singelashwa ne-Trichodermin. Ezimweni lapho umphumela ungabonwa khona, kubalulekile ukususa ihlumela eligulayo engadini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka kwezihlahla ezizungezile, inhlabathi kufanele isomiswe, ikhululiwe futhi ifafazwe ngamapulangwe phezulu.
Uyazi? Ama-eggplants bangabangani abakhulu abalahlekelwa isisindo. Le mifino iqukethe ama-28 kcal kuphela, ngakho-ke kuvame ukusetshenziselwa zokupheka ezihlukahlukene zokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-eggplants anezintambo ezicebile, ngakho-ke angathuthukisa imetabolism kanye ne-peristalsis.
I-spotting emnyama ebhaktheriya
Indawo emnyama kuma-eggplants ibonakala emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ovaliwe. I-agent causative yalesi sifo yizibhaktheriya. Ukulimala kungenzeka ngenkathi yokukhula. Ikhombisa:
- emaqabunga - amabala amancane ombala omnyama ne-rim yellow;
- izindawo ezimeziwe ngama-oblong ngeziqu;
- on izithelo, okokuqala, convex amaphuzu amancane ngamaphethelo amanzi, okuyinto ekugcineni ukwanda kuya 7-8 cm futhi ifomu izilonda.
Kubalulekile! Ama-bacteria, angama-causative agents of black spot, ahlala embewu ye-eggplants nasezintweni zokutshala.
Isitshalo esathintekayo ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwayo, kaningi uyafa. Uma ekwazi ukusinda, ekugcineni konke okufanayo, akufanele alindele ukuvunwa okuhle nezithelo eziphezulu.
Lesi sifo siphuthuma kakhulu ekushiseni kwama-25-30 ° C, kanye nasemswakeni ophezulu. Ama-bacteria angena ngesithelo ngokulimala komshini, futhi angena emaqabunga ngokusebenzisa i-stomata.
Indlela yokubhekana nalesi sifo? Okokuqala udinga ukulandela ukujikeleza kwezitshalo. Emva kokuvuna, qiniseka ukuthi ubhubhisa zonke izinsalela zezitshalo. Uma ungathengi impahla yokutshala, kodwa ukhule ngokwayo, uqoqe imbewu kuphela ezitshalweni ezinempilo. Ukwengeza, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu kudingeka ikhethiwe.
Kubalulekile! Ezimweni lapho lesi sifo sibonakala khona izinkathi ezimbili ezilandelanayo, kuyadingeka ukuba ushintshe ngokuphelele inhlabathi ekushiseni okushisa, noma ukuqhuba ukungcola ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokwelapha kokulimaza okuphelile
Esinye isifo sama-eggplants asuka ku-fungal siphumelele. Uzibonakalisa ezithelo, iziqu kanye namaqabunga esihlahla.
Emaqabunga kunezindawo ezibomvu ezifana nokugqwala, ngokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo. Emoyeni emanzi ngaphakathi kwamacembe ungathola ukuqhakaza okumhlophe.
Umswakama ophezulu uvusa ukubola kwezitshalo, isimo sezulu esomile - ukomisa. Izinkathi zasekuseni, isikhathi sokupholisa eside, izinga lokushisa lokushisa lingakhuphula izinga lesifo.
Ukwelapha isitshalo, kungenzeka ukwelapha umbhede ngesisombululo se-sulphate yethusi (0.2%), noma okunye okulungiselelwe okunoketshezi. Kungcono ukuphalaza kusihlwa, ngoba phakathi nosuku ikhambi lizokhuphuka ngokushesha, lingabi nesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ekuseni lingase lihlanganise namazolo, ngenxa yalokho ukuhlushwa kwalo kuzokwehla.
Njengoba lesi sifo singazibonakalisa kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwamasiko, ungabambi sitshala amakhemikhali, uma sesivele sakha izithelo. Kutuswa ukusebenzisa izindlela zomuntu.
Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-infusion ye-garlic. Lungiselela kusuka ku-1 indebe ye-garlic eqoshiwe kanye nama-3 amalitha amanzi. Udinga ukugxilisa ingxube izinsuku ezingu-10, bese uhlunga ngamanzi (1: 1) uphinde ufefa izitshalo ngebhodi le-spray. Le ndlela isebenza kahle futhi, kubalulekile, imvelo.
Utamatisi, i-pepper, u-anyanisi, ama-strawberry, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, iklabishi ye-savoy, namakhabe nawo asetshalwe ngendlela yokutshala.
Njengoba i-antiseptic nayo ingenza umlotha okhuni, okudingeka ufeze izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo.
Ukubola okumhlophe
Ukubola okumhlophe - isifo se-fungal. Igama lesibili yi-sclerotinia. Okokuqala, isimiso sezimpande se-isitshalo sithintekile, bese isifo sifana neziqu nezithelo.
I-plaque emhlophe ivela ezihlotsheni ezithintekile, futhi kuhlanganiswa iziqu eziqinile ngaphakathi, okuhamba kancane kancane, ngenxa yokuthi ziphazamisa izinqubo zokudla okunomsoco ezivela ohlelweni lwempande. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukubola, somile. Izithelo ezitshalo zeqanda ezithintekile ziba ngamanzi futhi zilula, zinezembatho ezimhlophe.
Isifo ngokuvamile sibonakala esiteji ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini, ikakhulukazi ithuthukile kahle emazingeni aphansi okushisa emoyeni. I-pathogen ingaqhubeka isikhathi eside enhlabathini.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo esizosiza ukugwema ukuthi kwenzeke ukubola okumhlophe - ungavumeli ukuncibilika ngokweqile kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwama-eggplant. Udinga ukuhlola njalo izitshalo zezingxenye ezithintekile (amahlamvu, iziqu noma izithelo). Amasiko kufanele aphuze ngamanzi afudumele, izindawo ezithintekayo zingafafazwa ngokhuni lomlotha.
Uyazi? Ama-eggplants aqukethe i-vitamin PP-nicotinic acid. Lezi zitshalo zinconywa ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngabantu abafuna ukuyeka ukubhema, ngoba kulula umzimba ukuthi ubhekane nesondlo se-nicotine ngenxa yalesi sici.
Indlela yokuphatha ama-eggplants ngomusa
Esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu zesitshalo seqanda siyisigqila - isifo segciwane esingabhubhisa cishe u-15% wesitshalo sonke ngenkathi. Uma amaqabunga noma izithelo zithinteka, ke ukucacisa ukuba khona kwesifo kulula.
Amabala akhanyayo abonakala emaqabunga (ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuphambene, aluhlaza okomnyama), izindawo eziphuzi zivame ukutholakala ezitshalweni. Uma kuphela uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo luye lwaphazamiseka, khona-ke kuyoba nzima nakakhulu ukuthola umongo, ngoba azikho izimpawu ezicacile kulokhu.
Isifo ngokuvamile sivela ezintweni ezithintekayo zokutshala, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi isizathu sisekuqaleni inhlabathi egulayo. Isitshalo sithinteka ngezikhathi lapho kunomonakalo omncane ongakwenzelwa khona. Lezi yizigaba zokufakelwa kabusha, ukuqoqa, njll.
Ukuze ugweme ukuthi kwenzeke yini lesi sifo, ungaphatha izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda ngaphambi kokutshala i-hydrochloric acid engu-20% imizuzu engama-30, emva kwalokho okumele ukutshala kumele kugezwe ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo.
Amabhokisi wezithombo kanye nakho konke okusungulwa kunconywa ukuba angenwe yi-disinfected, izitshalo ezinamabonakaliso omzimba kufanele zibhujiswe. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo, abalimi basebenzisa ubisi oluboshiwe, oluhlanjululwa ngamanzi bese lusetshenziswa kanye kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-7-8.
Izithombo ezikhulayo, udinga ukuhlola njalo izitshalo, ukulandelela nokususa izithombo ezigulayo.
Funda futhi ngokutshalwa kweminye imifino: amazambane, i-okra, u-squash, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza, izaqathe, i-garlic, i-lagenarii.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Stolbur
Isifo se-phytoplasmic se-stolbur ngokuvamile sithinta ama-eggplants atshalwe embhedenihhayi esitheni sokushisa. Abathwali be-stolbur yi-cicadas. Amaqabunga wesitshalo esibulalayo abe yibomvu-obomvu, ebolile, izitshalo ziqala ukugxuma bese ziphuka kalula, izimbali zikhubazekile, zome futhi ziwa.
Izinhlobo ze-eggplant ezingavumelani nalesi sifo azikho, ngakho-ke udinga ukwazi ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Kudingeka ukuhlanza njalo umbhede wokhula, ikakhulukazi ukuboshwa.
Kunconywa ukucubungula ukutshala nge-Actellic, umuthi ovimbela inani labathwali besifo. Esinye iseluleko esibalulekile sabalimi kuyoba ukuphathwa kokushisa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-eggplant.
Njengoba ubona, ama-eggplants akhulayo kumele abhekane nezifo ezihlukahlukene zalezi zitshalo, kodwa ngolwazi olufanele noluthembekile mayelana nokulwa nabo, ungakwazi ukusiza kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo futhi ngisho nokusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwalo. Ama-eggplants adinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, kodwa ngokuqinisekile bayokubonga umlimi wezithelo ezivuthiwe ngezinga eliphezulu.
