Inkinga yonke yokunakekela ama-blackberries ikhona enkathini yokuchitha izihlahla ezikwindla. Ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yayo kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthilala kanjani umthwalo emagatsheni esitshalo se-handicraft nokuthi yikuphi okuthonya le nkomba.
Kungani udinga ukusika ama-blackberry ekwindla
I-Blackberry i-shrub enomjikelezo womnyaka wesibili we-fruiting. Ngakho-ke, unyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwakhe, siphoqeleka ukuba senze zonke izimo ukuba zivuthiwe futhi zisinde ngempumelelo ebusika.
Ngehlobo ihlathi liyogozwa ngefihlekile futhi lizokwenza isivuno esihle, emva kwalokho amahlumela ezimbali azodingeka asuswe. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, amahlumela azosusa inhlanzi futhi ngeke avumele abasha ukuba bavuthiwe. Amajikijolo nawo azoba emthunzini futhi alahlekelwe ubumnandi bawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo sidinga izihlahla ukuze:
- ukuhlinzeka amahlumela amancane ukufinyelela komsoco ngesamba esiphezulu;
- ukwandisa ukumelana nesithwathwa se-shrub (inani eliningi ngokweqile lamahlumela endala linciphisa ukufinyelela kwemisebe yelanga phakathi naphakathi kwesihlahla);
- ukuhlinzekela inqubo yokulungiselela ubusika;
- khuthaza ukuqhakaza kwekusasa;
- ngokufanayo ukusabalalisa umthwalo wesitshalo emagatsheni, okungukuthi, ukuqinisa isihlahla.
Indlela yokunciphisa i-blackberry
Ngaphambi kokusika i-shrub, kubalulekile ukuthi ubale kahle umthwalo emahlumela awo, ucabange amandla okukhula kwesimiso. Ama-blackberries aphakathi nendawo angadla izivuno ezingu-8 ezithela izithelo, okuwukuthi, okungenani okungu-8 futhi akukho okungaphezulu kuka-10 amahlumela okufanele angene ebusika. Inqolobane iyadingeka uma kungenjalo wonke amagatsha asinda ebusika.
Uma normalizing umthwalo, baqaphela amandla okukhula, kanye nokuqina kokukhula kwezimpande kanye nezinye izici varietal. Inani lamahlumela kufanele lilingane nokuqina komanyolo: uma usebenza njalo umanyolo, izingibe ezingaphezulu ungashiya. Kodwa ngesilinganiso esiningi ngokwe-agrochemistry esetshenzisiwe kanye nokuthambekela kwehlathi ekukhunjini, i-blackberry izobe isengozini yokutholakala kwezifo nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Amagatsha wezinambuzane abonakalisiwe akufanele asele ebusika, ngoba ngeke asinde.Ncishisa ama-loops asele ngekota yesilinganiso (ngaphezu kwe-Budget). Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisa isihlahla, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-lateral, ukuze kube khona amagatsha amaningi esithelo ngonyaka ozayo.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinjalo zebhrikhi njenge "Giant", "Chester Thornless", "Thornfrey", "Ruben", "Black Satin".
Iziqu zonyaka
Kuwe, izitshalo zonyaka zinyathela ngokushesha ngaphezu kwefihlekile ukuze ziye emaceleni ohlangothini. Ukuze amamaki alungile, aphethwe ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-1,9-2, ngezinyoni ezinwabuzelayo - angaphezu kuka-3 m.
Kufanelekile nokususa izitshalo ezincane ezingenaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Lezi zindwangu ezincane futhi ezimfushane ezingakwazi ukubusika.
Amahlumela e-Biennial
Wonke amagatsha we-biennial aseqedile ukuthela izithelo kumele asuswe. Sikaze empandeni.
Kubalulekile! Ungashiyi izitshalo: inkathazo ingahlala kuzo noma inqubo yokubola ingaqala, okuzobulala isitshalo phakathi nobusika.Wonke amagatsha asusiwe (kufaka phakathi nalabo abonakalisiwe) kufanele ashiswe ukuze izifo nezinambuzane zingasabalali phezu kwesayithi. Emva kwalokho, i-sawdust noma i-peat ithululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-blackberry, esakwazi ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini futhi ivikele uhlelo lwempande kusuka ku-frost.
Imithetho kanye nezici zokwakhiwa kwamahlathi
Ngaphambi kwebusika ukwakha isimo esifanele sehlathi. Misa imidwebo imelana kakhulu nesithwathwa kunezinyoni ezinwabuzelayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunesibindi futhi kunesimo esincane. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobonhlobo eziqondile zinconywa ukuba "zichithe" njenge-fan, futhi izinyoni ezinwabuzelayo kufanele zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye ezimbili: izitshalo ezitshaliwe futhi zakha.
Ukusika izihlahla kubuye kubalulekile izithelo zezihlahla: i-currants, i-gooseberries nama-raspberries.
Umumo oqondile
Ukwakha fan oyidingayo:
- Entwasahlobo ukuphakamisa phezu kwamahlumela e-trellis asinda ebusika, endaweni eqondile ngqo ngaphezu kwe-rhizome.
- Qalisa amagatsha amancane emahlumela asuka ngqo kusuka endaweni yokukhula: tie kuze kube yocingo eliphansi elihambisana nomhlabathi.
- Ngesikhathi sokuwa, unqume amagatsha amabili emaphakathi emgodini, ushiye uhlangothi.
- Amahlumela amancane aguqa kancane, ashiye inani elingu-8-10. Bonke abanye (obuthakathaka) basuse.
- Isiyaluyalu singena ebusika, sifinyeze futhi sifinyelele emhlabathini. Vala phezulu
- Entwasahlobo ukuvusa futhi endaweni evulekile ngemuva kokufudumala futhi kube nezimo eziguquguqukayo.
Ifreyimu ifomu
Ifomu elihambayo liyashintshashintsha kakhulu, kodwa ngaphansi kwebusika-liqinile. Ukuze uyifake, udinga uku:
- Vulela phezulu emagatsheni e-trellis asinda ebusika. Babalekele esihlokweni esifanele endaweni yokukhula.
- Gcoba ngakwesobunxele kusuka endaweni efanayo kubo bonke abasha.
- Ebeleni, susa wonke amahlumela okweqile bese ususa isitshalo kusukela e-trellis. Nweba umvini phansi.
- Sika wonke amagatsha, ngaphandle kuka 8-10 enempilo engakaze ithele izithelo.
- Gweba isibhamu kanye nesitolo esitokisini ukuze ugcine isitoreji ngesikhathi sebusika. Izinhlobo ezingenamkhawulo ezingaphezulu kokumboza nge-agrofiber nokulungisa ama-arcs.
Uyazi? Ama-blackberries amasha angagcina ukoma, asebenze emzimbeni njenge-febrifuge ne-agent eqinisa.
Indlela yokumboza ama-blackberry ebusika
Ama-blackberries asengozini yeqhwa, ngakho-ke noma yiziphi izinhlobo zazo zidinga indawo yokuhlala isikhathi sokubanda. Ngisho nezinhlobo zama-frost eziqhwale ngaphandle kokungenwa okungeziwe ku--20 ° C, bonke abanye - ngo -17 ° C.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kokukhosela
Ungafaka izitshalo ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini: ukwakha, ukusika nokubeka kahle phansi (emgodini). Ngokukhulula shrub kusuka amahlumela okungadingekile, ungakwazi ngaphezu kwalokho ukubopha amahlumela engena ebusika zibe izibopho bese ukuguqa phansi. Kunconywa ukuba ulungise ngezingwegwe emhlabathini. Lokhu kusebenza ezinhlobonhlobo ezinwabuzelayo ezigoba kahle. Amagatsha angabuye abekwe emathangeni futhi avikeleke nge-metal arcs.
Ukumisa izinhlobo kudinga indlela ekhethekile. Ukuze kugcinwe amagatsha emva kokuguqa phansi, ekupheleni kwezinkathi zehlobo zasehlobo ziboshwe eziqongweni zazo. Ngaphansi kwesisindo sabo, amahlumela wona athambekele emhlabathini. Ngokushesha nje lapho lesi sitshalo siqeda amahlamvu, amagatsha aphendukela nakakhulu futhi agubungele isihlahla.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokusika izikhonkwane, iplamu, i-apricot, i-apula, i-pear, i-cherry, i-cherry enhle.
Ngaphambi kokuhlala, kuphakanyiswa futhi ukuphatha ama-blackberries nge-sulphate yethusi noma nge-fungicide ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fungus ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ye-basal kumele ifakwe nge-mulch kanye namabhodi. Amahlumela akufanele alele emhlabathini onomthunzi.
Imithetho yokuhlala
Njengempahla yendawo yokuhlala ongayisebenzisa:
1. Indwangu engekho eboshwe. Ivumela ukugeleza komoya kanye nomswakama. Khetha ingubo ngobubanzi buka-1.6 m nobukhulu bendawo okungenani engu-50 g / 1. Ukwengezwa kwamamitha angu-2 noma i-100 g / 1 isikwele. m - koku-1 kokungeziwe. Izinto ezinjalo zizohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesinye.
2. Ifilimu ye-polyethylene. Njengendawo yokuhlala yokuzimela - hhayi ukukhetha okuhle. Kungaba ukwengeza okuhle kwento eningi kakhulu. Uma zikhethwe kahle ngosayizi futhi zigcinwe ngokuphephile, umswakama ngeke ungene ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela.
3. Uhlobo, amahlamvu, i-sawdust. Lokhu kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, kodwa futhi kunezinselele. Emagqabeni namahlamvu, amagundane avame ukutholakala ukuthi ugaya isihlahla. Lesi simo singagwenywa uma i-blackberry iphathwa ngesisombululo esine-0.5 amalitha amafutha e-sunflower kanye no-50 g we-creolin. I-Sawdust ingaba yinqaba yeqhwa, isondeza umswakama. Entwasahlobo ukuhlukanisa amagatsha izithelo kusukela indawo yokukhosela kuyoba cishe akunakwenzeka. Futhi kuzophela isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngakho-ke isihlahla ngeke sikwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele. Ezindaweni ezihamba phambili zokuhlala endaweni efanelekile. Ngeke agonywe ngomswakama futhi afakwe emahlathini.
4. Amagatsha ase-Spruce ingasetshenziswa ukukhosela isihlahla. Ayithandi amagundane, ngakho-ke i-blackberry izophephile. Ukuhlanza entwasahlobo akusithathi isikhathi esiningi. I-Lapnik ifaneleka kokubili njengendawo yokukhosela eyizimele, futhi njenge-insulation ehambisana nento yokuhlanganisa noma ifilimu.
Uyazi? Kukhona ujuji we-blackberry - obala, njengamanzi, ngomunambitheka omnandi. Cishe u-1 kg uju ukhiqizwa kusuka ku-1 ha yamasimu ama-blackberry.Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokubusika sekuphelile, ukumboza impahla kukhishwa kanye nama-arcs nama hook, uma kukhona. Ngemuva kokufudumala, amagatsha aphilile ayaqina, ayenesibhakabhaka futhi asundu, futhi amaqhwa abe mnyama, avuleke futhi aphephe. Susa izindawo ezimele futhi ulinde isivuno kusuka emahlumela aphilile.
