Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamakhowe eplanethi yethu kunezinhlobo ezidliwayo ezidliwayo, okuyaziwa kuphela ngabaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi. Ukuhlangana - yi-cockerels. Bawuthola igama elinjalo lokuqala ngenxa yokuthi banambitha njengenyama yenkukhu. Okulandelayo, sizokutshela ukuthi ama-cockerels abukeka kanjani, lapho akhula khona, ukuthi angawaqoqa kanjani nokuthi angcono kanjani ukulungiselela ubusika.
Amanye amagama
Igama lesayensi lama-cockerels liyi-cap annular. Nguye kuphela omela izinhlobo ze-European ze-fungus ze-Rozites, okuyizinye izikhathi ezifakwe kwiWebus yohlobo. NgeLatin igama layo lilotshiwe iRozites caperatus. 
Kukhona okufana nalokhu - i-mushroom yenkukhu, namanxeba amaningi athandwayo abahlali bezifunda ezihlukahlukene abawunikeza:
- umpi omhlophe
- ama-rosite amancane,
- I-Turk,
- i-cap,
- i-greenfinch,
- i-sandbox grey,
- ukupholisa
Uyazi? Esigabeni sikazwelonke saseSwitzerland edolobheni lase-Ofenpass sikhula amakhowe we-mushroom anezindawo eziningi zebhola lezinyawo - 800 m ubude nobubanzi obuyi-500 m. Ngokuyinhloko, sonke lesi sikhala sithathwe yi-mycelium yaso, efihliwe ngaphansi komhlaba futhi enesenethiwekhi enkulu ye-hyphae (filaments).
Ukubonakala
AmaCockerels ayadliwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhowe anomsoco futhi anomsoco. EYurophu yaseYurophu kubhekwa njengento yokudla.
Incazelo yemvelo
Ukuze ube nomqondo ocacile walesi sipho sehlathi, nansi incazelo yezici zezinto eziphilayo zenyama yezithelo zesilisa.
Zijwayele ngezinhlobo ezidliwayo zamakhowe.
Hat
Isikhwama sibukeka kanje:
- Ekuthuthukiseni kokuqala, i-hemispherical, njengeqanda lezinkukhu, nemiphetho yalo phansi futhi iphelile.
- Ukukhula, kuba yi-convex-flat, ne-edges ephakanyisiwe, i-hump encane ibonakala ngaphezulu. Uma inkathi ishisa, izingxenyeni zekhono ziqhekekile.
- Ku-cockerel evuthiwe, isikhumba siba nombono futhi sibe ne-fibrous, sigcwele ukuqhakaza ngesimo se powder esimhlophe.
- Njengoba ikhula, umbala we-cap ungashintsha kusuka kumhlophe obomvu kuya ophuzi obomvu-obomvu.
- Ubukhulu bamakhanda ama-cockerels buvela kumamitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-12.
Pulp
Ingqimba yangaphakathi yomzimba wesithelo ibukeka kanje:
- Ukuvumelana okunamandla, amanzi, anezintambo.
- Umbala uphuzi noma umhlophe.
- Ngombala osikiwe awushintshi.
- Iphunga elimnandi, amakhowe.
- Ukunambitheka kufana nenkukhu.
- Kungathinteka yizibungu.
Amarekhodi
Ukuguqula i-fungus bese ubukeka ngaphansi kwekhanda layo, ungabona amapuleti amancane omshini we-spore ahlanganiswe nomlenze wayo. Umbala wezingcwecwe ushintsha ngesikhatsi:
- Okumhlophe noma okuphuzi - ku-fungus encane.
- Ngemva kokudalulwa kwekhanda, amapulethi aphenduka aphuzi.
- Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwe-spore, umbala wezingcwecwe ushintsha kusuka ophuzi ube ogqamile.
- Kuyinto emthunzini ocher-emathunjini ama-mushroom asetsheni adidayo awakwehlukanisa nabangane abanobuthi, amakhelethi abo ahlala ehlanzekile njalo.
I-Spore powder
Izinhlamvu ziyi-ovoid noma i-ellipsoid. Amapulangwe avela ezikhunjini ezinamakhowa avuthiwe ashiya i-ocher hue ezandleni.
Umlenze
Leli leganga le-mushroom liyingxenye ebonakalayo ebonakalayo.
- Inomumo wesibindi; linyanyiswe phansi, lifana nomlenze we-Amanita.
- Kukhona i-cortina (i-membrane), okuyinto, lapho ephukile, yakha indandatho ehambisana ngokuqinile emlenzeni.
- Ubuso buyi-silky esisekelweni futhi ngezikali ezincane ezingxenyeni ezingenhla.
- Umbala phezulu kweminye imilenze ngaphezulu kwe-frill kuyinto ephuzi eliphuzi, ingxenye engezansi yombala obala kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, isikhunta ngenxa yomshoshaphansi we-turgor (intracellular) abafinyelela kuwo lesi sikhathi Ama-atmospheres angu-7, angakwazi ukungena emgwaqweni okhonjiwe kuphela, kodwa nangensimbi noma nge-marble. Izinga elifanayo lokucindezela lijojowe kumathayi weloli elithatha amathani ayishumi.
Lapho ukhula khona nalapho ungaqoqa khona
Ring cap - i-mushroom evamile. Ingatholakala emazwenikazi aseYurophu nase-Asia, naseCanada, e-United States naseJapane. Lezi amakhowe zithanda kakhulu isimo sezulu sezulu saseLapland, kanye ne-tundra yaseRussia, lapho bahlala khona emigqatsheni ye-birfin nasezintabeni (okunye okubizwa ngokuthi yibo ababheki). Amaxhaphozi aseBelarus nawo ayakuthanda.
Kuyothakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi amakhowe akhule ezindaweni zaseVolgograd, eSaratov, eLeningrad, eKaliningrad naseBashkiria.
Ngokuvamile basesifundeni sezintaba, lapho batholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Umhlabathi wabo ozithandayo unomuncu, unomanzi, u-podzolic, lapho amahlathi e-coniferous namaxube ahlanganisiwe ekhula khona. Futhi kulezi zizathu ngokuvamile kutholakala ama-lingonberries nama-blueberries, ngakho-ke uma uphazamisa esitokisini salezi zihlahla, kusho ukuthi ama-roosters athile endaweni eseduze. Bakha amasimu amaningi, amaqembu amaningi ahlangene. 
Isikhathi sokuqoqwa kwabo - kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaJulayi kuze kufike isithwathwa sokuqala. Kungcono ukuqoqa amazinyo ahambisana nomuntu owaziwa ngama-mushroom ozokwazi ukuhlukanisa lawa amakhowe avela kubangane abanobuthakathaka obufana nabo. Mayelana nomehluko phakathi kwe-cockerel edliwayo kanye nama-fungus anobuthi - funda ngezansi.
Yiziphi amakhowe ongadideka
I-cap enezintambo ingadideka ngamakhowe angenakutholakala we-genus Spiderweb. Kodwa-ke, okudliwayo kunomthelela obaluleke kakhulu - kukhona njalo indandatho ephelele emlenzeni wabo, okungeyona indaba kubantu abanobuthi. Angabonwa emlenzeni kuphela izinhlawulo ezincane zokubhebhetheka. Ngezinye izikhathi abesilisa badidekile nge-toadstool noma amakhowe.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izindawo zokwelapha i-flying agaric.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlukanisa nezifanekiso ezibulalayo, nansi izimpawu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
| Igama lefungus | Hat | Amarekhodi | Umlenze |
| Cockerel | silvery-white kuya yellow-pink-brown | Ifakwe emlenzeni, umbala we-ocher-rust | Esikhathini esingenasisekelo asinayo ikhava encane, encane kancane ngaphansi. |
| Amanita | I-White, inephunga elimnandi | Ihlukaniswe kusuka ku-stem, pink elula | Ngesisekelo ngesimo se-tuber, sizungezwe cheholchik. Unomshini omkhulu, owehlayo |
| I-grebe yama-Pale | Umbala omhlophe | Ihlukaniswe emilenzeni, emhlophe | Ukuvuvukala phansi, nge cheholchik. Kukhona i-white foil ring |
Amanita
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ekuphekeni
Abesilisa kule plan gastronomic kukhona jikelele, bangadliwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Ukudla
Lawa amakhowe anomunwe ohlukile, oyinkimbinkimbi, ocacile kuphela kubo. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwabo okumnandi, izitsha ezisuka ku-rooster zikhumbuza izinkukhu zezinkukhu. Ngezakhi zabo zokudla okunomsoco, akuzona eziphansi ngisho nakuma-mushroom.
Funda futhi mayelana nokuthi ungakhula kanjani amakhowe ekhaya nokuthi yini ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwamakhowe.
Yini efanelekile
I-universality of cockerels ibonakala eqinisweni lokuthi ingalungiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- Hamba ubusika.
- Ukomisa.
- Fry.
- I-Stew.
- Ngamanzi.
- Bilisa esobho.
- Faka isicelo njengesithako e-solyanka.
Zihlanganiswa ngokuhambisana nanoma imiphi imifino, inyama, izinongo. Okungcono kakhulu ukunambitha yizinhlamvu ze-fungi encane. Uma i-fungus isekhulile, enomlenze onzima, kungcono ukuyilahla, ngisho noma ingabi yinkinga.Kungakanani ukupheka
Amanye ama-gourmets afisa ukupheka ama-cockerels ngaphambi kokufisa noma ukuwasha. Abanye abathandi behlathi balithanda ukuwafisa. Zombili izinketho ziyamukeleka uma amakhowe ekhule endaweni enobungane. Uma ukhetha ukhetho lokuqala, kufanele uyenze ngezinyathelo ezingu-3, isikhathi ngasinye ukuthela amanzi nokuthululela okusha. Futhi ungabilisi isikhathi eside - imizuzu emihlanu yanele isikhathi ngasinye. Esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani kunconywa ukupheka amakhowe izikhathi eziningana isanti sihlangene phakathi kwamacwecwe.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukungathathi amakhowe eduze nemigwaqo kanye nezitshalo zokusebenza. Naphezu kokubukeka okukhangayo, ukutholakala kwezinto ezinobungozi kuzo kuqinisekisiwe.
Indlela yokupheka
Sikunikeza ukukhethwa kokupheka okubili kwe-salting cockerels:
- Indlela ebandayo - izokuvumela ukuba uzame isidlo kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-40.
- Indlela eshisayo kakhulu ukudla ngemuva nje kokuba ama-pickle aphule phansi.
Amakhomikhali Amakha Amakhaza
Uhlu lwezithako ezidingekayo nezitsha:
- 10 kg abesilisa,
- 1 kg kasawoti
- Isikhwama 1 sama-sweet peas,
- 20 g amaqabunga amaqabunga,
- izambulela eziningana ze-dill nezinhlamvu,
- amanzi abandayo - njengoba kudingeka
- i-oak barrel enombuthano ngaphansi kwejoka,
- ukucindezelwa
- amagatsha emjunipha.
Kubalulekile! Uma uthola ngaphakathi embizeni yamakhowe, ngisho nesikhwama esincane, lezi amakhowe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo angeke zidliwe. Kungcono ukuwaxosha.
Iresiphi yesinyathelo-nge-step:
- Okokuqala, umgodi we-oki uqhutshwa umjunipha ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ezingadingeki.
- Kudingekile ukuthi ugeze amakhowe uphinde uthele emigqeni emgqonyeni, ngaphambi kosawoti. Ukwenza lokhu, thatha u-2/3 we-salute.
- Thela amakhowe ngamanzi abandayo.
- Ukumboza okuqukethwe komgqomo ngombuthano wokhuni.
- Beka umbuthano wokucindezelwa.
- I-foam izovela phakathi nesonto ukuze isuswe.
- Ngemuva kwe-salting yamasonto onke, amanzi kufanele apheliswe ngokuphelele, abeke amakhowe esitsheni esisodwa bese ugeza umgqomo.
- Ngaphansi kwe-dill lay dill.
- Beka ama-mushroom emigqeni futhi umboze usawoti osele. Izinongo namakhambi adinga ukuthuthukisa.
- Thela ngamanzi abandayo ahlanzekile ,mboza ngembuthano bese ubeka ukucindezelwa.
- I-Salting kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile noma emiphongolweni.
Ama-cockerels anamafutha ashisa (okusheshayo) ngendlela
Izithako Nempahla:
- 10 kg amakhowe,
- 150 amagremu kasawoti
- 3 amalitha amanzi
- 4-6 izingcezu of allspice peas,
- 3-5 clove inflorescences,
- 7-10 ama-peppercorns amnyama,
- bay leaf (1 piece per jar),
- Ama-clove angu-3-5 (isabelo ngasinye sembiza engu-1),
- 5 amasongo anyanisi (ingxenye 1),
- amathini (1 l, 0.5 l),
- izembozo zensimbi.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukuba ubilise amaqabunga e-marinade, kungenjalo, esikhundleni sokunambitheka, kuzofaka ubuhlungu kuwo wonke ama-pickle.
I-Recipe ingenalutho:
- Hlanza isikhunta kahle kusuka enhlabathini engaphansi kwamanzi.
- Faka epanini bese ubilisa izikhathi ezintathu emizuzwini emihlanu, ususe amanzi ngokusha.
- Phonsa ku-colander bese uvumela amanzi aphephe.
- Ubilise ama-3 amalitha amanzi, uthele usawoti nezinongo kuwo, bese uxuba futhi uthele amakhowe.
- Bilisa ama-cock marinade amaminithi angu-5.
- Kuzimbiza ezinamanzi zibeka u-garlic, u-anyanisi namaqabunga ephansi phansi.
- Spread the cockerels okwenziwe ngomumo phezu kwamathini, uthele marinade.
- Roll up the pickle lids.
- Vumela ukupholisa, bese uhlanza endaweni ebandayo.
Funda indlela yokukhipha amakhowe ebusika kumabhange.
Izikhala ze-mushroom ebusika bezilokhu zibhekwa njengezintandokazi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuqoqa nokuvuna amakhowe angajwayelekile akuyingozi nje kuphela kwezempilo, kodwa futhi nokuphila. Ukuze uvimbele iphutha elibulalayo lapho uqoqa ama-cockerels, thatha nawe ukukhethwa kwamakhowe omunwe nawe.
