Inhlabathi iyisidalwa esiphilayo lapho impilo kufanele ihlale ivame khona. Futhi uma amagciwane amaningi, izimbungulu, izikelemu kuwo, kukhuphuka ikhwalithi yawo, izilimo ezingcono zengadi zikhula kuso. Abanini kwesinye isikhathi abaqondi kahle ukuthi yimuphi umhlabathi obhekwa njengophilile futhi ovundile. Banikela ngomthamo omkhulu wamanyolo wamakhemikhali, bekholelwa ukuthi bathuthukisa ikhwalithi yomhlaba. Eqinisweni, lokhu kwembatho ephezulu kuthinta izitshalo kuphela, yize kungenasandla ekubuyiselweni kokuzala komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenzeka ukuthi ama-fertilizer asetshenzisiwe ahlala enhlabathini ngaphandle kokuthi aminywe izitshalo, ngoba umhlaba ophelile awuzange usebenze kuwo, awuzange uwaguqulele kwifomu elilungele ukumuncwa. Bheka ukuthi ukuvundeka kwenhlabathi kuncike kuphi nokuthi ungakuthuthukisa kanjani uma kungekho lutho olufuna ukukhula ezweni.
Ukuze izitshalo ziphile kahle emhlabeni, kufanele zibe nomswakama, umoya-mpilo nezakhi eziningi zomsoco. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi kufanele ifudunyezwe kahle futhi ibe ne-acidity ejwayelekile. Kuphela konke lokhu emhlabeni kuzoba nokuphila - ama-microorganisms amaningi awusizo asiza izitshalo ukuba zidle kahle. Ukuze inhlabathi ezweni ihlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zimfuneko ezingenhla, udinga ukusebenza kanzima. Ngakho-ke ake siqale ...
Ibhalansi yamanzi: ayomile futhi ayimanzi
Imvamisa, izindlu zakwamakhaya zihlangana namazwe lapho amanzi angena khona noma amaqabunga, kufana neminwe. Zombili izinketho zezitshalo ukufa okuthile.
Uma ungenanhlanhla, futhi kukhona ubumba noma indawo ephansi esizeni, khona-ke amanzi asemhlabathini azohlala ekhona. Ukuphela kokusindiswa kwezigodi eziphansi ukukhipha. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, umugqa ongamamitha amathathu uhhafu wemitha bese kuthi ukujula kwemitha kuhlangane nocingo. Ehlobo, yonke imfucumfucu yezokwakha namatshe atholakala engadini aphonswa lapho, futhi lapho efinyelela izinga loqimba oluvundile (cishe amasentimitha angama-40), aligcwalisa ngenhlabathi ekhishwe kumamitha amathathu alandelayo. Lapho nje kungcwatshwa umsele wokuqala, kwesibili kubiwa ngaphandle kocingo. Futhi ngakho-ke kuze kudlule sonke isigaba. Wonke umsebenzi uzothatha isikhathi esingangesizini, kepha uzosusa unomphela emswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini.
Phansi komsele, kubekwa noma yikuphi udoti wokwakha: izitini ezaphukile, amatshe, izinsalela zamabhlogo, nenhlabathi evundile lapho imifino izokhula khona ithululelwa ngaphezulu
Ungase futhi ugaye imisele futhi ubeke amapayipi, kepha kulokhu bayacabanga ukuthi bangalubekaphi lonke uhlelo. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubambe ichibi ukuze ungamanzisi omakhelwane.
Uma isiza singobumba, khona-ke ukuchelela akwenziwanga, kepha shintsha kuphela ukwakheka komhlaba, ukuwuhlanza ngesihlabathi, i-peat ne-humus. Umbala ngokwawo ulusizo kakhulu ngoba uphatha izinto eziningi ezidingekayo. Kepha okuningi kwayo kuqinisa umhlaba ngesikhathi sesomiso, kuvimbele izimpande ekuphefumuleni, kuthi ngesikhathi semvula kube khona ichibi esivandeni. Ngemuva kokufaka, kuyadingeka ukulima inhlabathi kaningi ngethayela lokugibela ngemuva, bese ulima nomlimi ukuze wephule amabhloka abe izinhlayiya ezincane uhlanganise izingxenye.
Emhlabathini odakeni, iphesenti lezakhamzimba liphezulu kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yokuqina kokuqina kanye nomswakama, izimpande azikwazi ukuthola umsoco ojwayelekile
Uma esizeni enye inkinga yisihlabathi, kuzodingeka ucabange ukuthi ungawugcina kanjani umswakama, ungayisusi. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukukushintsha ngokuphelele ukwakheka komhlaba ngesizini. Le yindaba yesikhathi. Ukunisela okufika ngesikhathi kuphela kuzosiza lapha. Kunezinkathi lapho isimo sezulu ngokwaso sikhula kancane. Futhi-ke ukuvuna kuzoba kuhle kakhulu! Ukuqinisa inhlabathi, i-humus, i-peat, ubumba, njll. Kufanele kufakwe kuyo. Indawo ebizwa ngokuthi "umhlaba we-beetroot" iwusizo kakhulu. Uma kukhona i-beet edolobheni lakho, lapho izimbotshana zilethwa ukulethwa kusuka emapulazini ahlanganisiwe ekwindla, khona-ke inhlabathi eningi evela kumasimu we-beet kanye nemfucumfucwana iqoqana kanye nezilimo zezimpande. Uma uvumelana nabasebenzi baleli bhizinisi futhi uthumela imishini eminingana yomhlaba, inhlabathi yakho izosindiswa ekuphepheni amanzi emzimbeni. Nokho, le nhlabathi kuzofanele ibekwe kwenye indawo. Ngakho-ke kungani ungekho ekhotini lakho?!
Ngemuva kokuvunwa kwe-beet nokulayisha, kunenhlabathi eningi esisele emasimini, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono ukuzala kwenhlabathi
Imodi yomoya: ingabe umhlaba "uyaphefumula"?
Ingxenye yesibili ethinta ukukhula kwezitshalo i-oxygen. Uma akwanele, uma inhlabathi ivinjiwe, khona-ke izimpande ngeke zikwazi ukuthola umsoco ojwayelekile.
Okokuqala, hlola ukuthi imibhede yakho "iyaphefumula yini". Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane uthele ibhakede lamanzi enhlabathini bese ubheka ukuthi lizomunwa kanjani. Uma ama-bubble air aqale ukuvela ngokushesha, khona-ke konke kuhleliwe nomhlaba wakho. Uma amanzi eshiya ngaphandle kwama-bubble, khona-ke ama-pores omhlaba ahlanganiswe, futhi kufanele avulwe.
Kwenze kube lula. Ekwindla, lapho ugaya inhlabathi, ungaphuli amabhulokhi, kepha ubashiye belengiswe ngamaza. Ebusika, umhlaba ugcwala umoya-mpilo, futhi uzosusa izinambuzane eziningi ezizoba yiqhwa kulezi zingqimba.
Ngokudonsa i-aerator ezinyaweni zakho, ungathuthukisa ukuhamba komoya emibhedeni yezimbali etshalwe ngama-perennials futhi angabi ngaphansi kokumba.
Idivaysi ewusizo iyi-aerator (noma i-punch hole). Idalelwe ukwenza ngcono umoya omncane ku-lawns. Izinduku zensimbi ezinamathiselwe emuva zibhoboza umphezulu waphezulu futhi zidala indlela yokuba umoya ungene ngokujulile. Le divayisi ilungile ukwenza ngcono i-aeration yemibhede yezimbali engagugi ebusika.
Ukufudumala komhlaba: akubandi futhi awushisi
Ukushisa komhlaba kufanele kulawulwe ngabanikazi uqobo. Umnyama umbala wenhlabathi, kulapho ufudumala ngokwengeziwe khona. Akuwona wonke amasiko athanda umhlaba oshisayo, ngakho-ke kunqunywa kuqala ukuthi kuzokhula kuphi futhi kuphi, bese kuthi, ngokubheka isimo sezulu, baqale ukulawula umbuso ophefumulayo.
Imibhede enomugqa ohlukahlukene ibanda kakhulu ngamakhaza angama-2-3 okubandayo kunezinye futhi ivikele izimpande zezitshalo ekushiseni ngokweqile nakhula
Kukhulisa izinga lokushisa:
- i-cresting;
- i-mulching ne-peat noma umhlaba omnyama;
- ukufakwa kolayini emnyama okungewona okwenziwe ngokusongela ngezithombo;
- ukhula lokhula.
Izinga lokushisa eliphansi:
- ukuchelela;
- ukukhulula;
- semboza ngabo izigaxa mulch noma utshani;
- indwangu emhlophe engalukiwe.
Ukuqina kwenhlabathi: sizuza i-pH 5.5
Njengoba usebenzisa umhlaba kancane kancane uyaqina. Isitshalo esingandile siyakwazi ukuhlangana emhlabathini one-asidi. Iningi likhetha inhlabathi ene-acidic, i-acidity yayo engu-5.5. Ngakho-ke, ukumiswa kufanele kufakwe ekunakekelweni kwenhlabathi konyaka.
Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi umhlaba unamandla kangakanani. Kulula kakhulu ukuqoqa inhlabathi eningana kusuka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene kusayithi bese uyiyisa elaboratri ekhethekile. Kepha uma kungenjalo, khona-ke i-acidity eseduze ingatholakala kusetshenziswa umsebenzi olula: ukusabalalisa inhlabathi ezindaweni eziningi ngezinqwaba uthele uviniga ngaphezulu. Uma izinqwaba zakho ziqale "ukubilisa" ngokukhishwa kwama-bubble omoya - umhlaba uvamile. Uma kungekho ukusabela okulandelayo - acidic.
Uma uthele uviniga emhlabathini, futhi ama-bubble omoya aqale ukuvela kuwo, khona-ke i-acidity yenhlabathi ivamile
Kungani kudingekile ukuqeda i-acidization:
- Inhlabathi ye-Acidic yomile entwasahlobo isikhathi eside, nokuqothuka lapho kushisa.
- Amagciwane amahle awahlali kuwo.
- I-Acid ibopha umanyolo we phosphorus, iwavimbele ukuthi angangeni ezitshalweni.
- I-Acid igcina izinsimbi ezisindayo enhlabathini.
Ukuqeda i-acidization, udinga ukuthenga i-lime, uyicime ngamanzi (50 kg - 2 amabhakede amanzi) bese uchithe umhlabathi kuze kufike ekwindla. Noma faka isicelo entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokulima umhlaba.
Uma "kufakwe phansi" kubhalwe emaphaketheni nge lime, kungafakwa ngokushesha emhlabathini, kufafazwe ngokulinganayo emibhedeni
Ungafafaza i-lime ngesimo se-powder, kepha ngaphambi kwalokho, ulale phansi isikhathi esingangesonto emoyeni ovulekile ukuze ucishwe ngenxa yomswakama womoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane usike isikhwama sefilimu bese usishiya sivulekile emgwaqweni.
Umthamo olinganayo we-lime ngu-500 g wenhlabathi yobumba, i-300 g ngesihlabathi. Uma ubungako obuqondile be-acidization bungachaziwe, kungcono ukufaka ukhiphe imithamo emincane bese uqaphela ukhula. Lapho nje i-plantain ne-horsetail zinyamalala emibhedeni, i-acidity yayingathathi hlangothi.
Impilo yasemhlabeni: amagciwane ayaphila?
Uma zonke lezi zinqubo ezingenhla zenziwa, amagciwane azuzisayo azovela enhlabathini yakho uqobo, ngoba udale zonke izimo zempilo yawo yamahhala. Futhi hlola ukuthi basebenza kangakanani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gubha iphepha lokuhlunga ezindaweni eziningana esizeni, futhi emva kwenyanga nesigamu, bamba ubheke isimo saso.
- Uma cishe ukubola - Impilo emhlabeni isthingthing!
- Uma "lincibilikile" kuphela ingxenye, kusho ukuthi umsebenzi umaphakathi, futhi kufanele kufakwe umanyolo we-organic.
- Uma iqabunga lihlala licishe lifana - sekuyisikhathi sokwenza umanyolo weNitrogen ne-organic, kanye nokunikeza inhlabathi ukuphumula. Mhlawumbe utshale isivuno esifanayo izinkathi ezimbalwa zonyaka, ngaleyo ndlela udala isisekelo sokusakazeka kwamagciwane ayingozi. Bacekela phansi i-biomaterial ewusizo.
Njalo ngonyaka kuyadingeka ukuthi kuguqulwe ukwakhiwa kwemifino emibhedeni ukuze inhlabathi ingakhathali imikhiqizo yokuhlukaniswa kwesilimo esisodwa.
