I-Alyssum ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlayiya zokugcina zomhlabathi ezingcono kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sidonsa imibala ekhanyayo yamacembe kanye nephunga elimnandi elisabalala kulo lonke isifunda. Abalimi bezimbali bavame ukuhlanganisa imibala, bese benza izingoma eziyingqayizivele efana namaphethini amaphepheni asePheresiya. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi singakhula kanjani i-alissum embhedeni wezimbali, yiziphi izinhlobo ezithandwayo nokuthi yini engcono ukuhlangana nayo.
Uyazi? Ama-Botanists ayenze inguqulo yokuthi yonke i-allisum ithole igama layo elisemthethweni ngenxa yemithi yokwelapha eyayisetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi namuhla ilahlekelwe ukufaneleka kwayo. Ehunyushwe kusuka kwisiLatini, inkulumo ethi "i-lyssa" isho "ngaphandle kwezinja zezinja."
U-Alyssum: uyini lesi sitshalo
I-Burachok, uburiariya, utshani, amatshe - i-alisum e-ornamental floriculture isebenzisa lezi zandiso ezifanayo. Lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu, futhi imfihlo eyinhloko yesidumo sakhe ikhona ebuhleni nasebuhleni bembali engacabangi, okungaphezu kwalokho, eyamukele inhlonipho yabalimi bezinyosi ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo ezincibilikisayo.
I-Alyssum enchazweni yezobuhlaza, ekhethwe njengesiko lesikhukhula, eyomndeni wakwaCruciferous we-genus Burachok. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zalesi sitshalo ziyiziqu ezincane, ezifinyelela ku-8 - 30 cm, ezinamaqabunga amancane ama-oblong we-lanceolate kanye nezimbali ezincane ezihlangene, ezihlangene ezincane ze-inflorescences.
Izitshalo ezindala zalesi sitshalo zinezindawo zokukhula, futhi amahlamvu athola ukugcoba okushisayo ngenxa ye-pubescence ebanzi. Izibhamu ezimibalabala zihlukile, kodwa ngokuvamile zikhona i-lemon, ephuzi, ephuzi, ebomvu nelomhlophe.
Abomakhelwane abakhulu kakhulu be-alissum kuyoba: ama-phloxes, ama-carnations, ama-muscari, ama-tulips, i-obriet, i-salvia, ama-irises, ama-calendula, ama-marigold kanye nama-roses.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unjani umbala, banomnandi omuju-i-vanilla iphunga. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izithelo ezivuthiwe zivuthwe njenge-pod-like with flat, amahle kakhulu. Ososayensi baye babalwa ukuthi imbewu engaba yizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.5 ivumelane ngogremu owodwa.
Esikhathini se-floriculture alissum sibhekiswe amakhulu ezinhlobo ezivamile eMedithera, okuyindawo yokuzalwa emasiko, nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu nase-Asia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zezitshalo zihlukanisa amaqembu ezinhlobo zonyaka futhi ezimilayo, izitshalo ze-herbaceous nezitshalo.
Esinye isici sembali yisikhathi sobumbali. Umshini okhanyayo we-alissum flares upha imibala ephilisa ekupheleni kukaMeyi futhi uhamba ngeqhwa ekwindla.
Aba Florists baye baqonda ukulula kwe-alissum ekukhuleni nasekugcineni. Yisiko esingathandeki kakhulu, elithandwayo lwelanga elithuthuka kahle ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi, ezinomswakama, futhi likwazi ukubhekana nesomiso eside. Izikhathi ezingapheli zivumelana nezimo zasebusika. Lesi sitshalo sandisa imbewu, ukusika indlela nokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi kusukela maphakathi no-Mashi kuya ku-Ephreli yisikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela imbewu yonke. Emhlabathini ovulekile izithombo zitshalwe ngoMeyi.
Izinhlobo zezimbali ezivamile
Ababelethi bangezela izinhlobonhlobo zemvelo ze-lobularia ngezinhlamvu ezintsha, bezinika amagama angavamile afana "nekhabethe elimhlophe", "ikhabethe elibomvu". Kodwa ezindaweni zokulima, intaba, amadwala, olwandle, ezinwabuzelayo kanye nezinhlobo ze-Pyrenean alissum, eziphawulekayo ekutshalweni nasekubukeni kwazo, ziye zithandwa kakhulu. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe izici zabo eziyinhloko.
Gmelin
Idume ngokubizwa ngokuthi intaba. Ngaphandle, kuyisiko elimnyama elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka elikhulayo elikhuphuka phezulu noma eliqhamuka amanga, kungabi ngaphezu kuka-20 cm ubude. Iziqu zigcwele amahlamvu nge-stellate. Ukukhanya kwe-sun-yellow of inflorescences kuvela phakathi entwasahlobo, futhi ngoMeyi izithelo zomzimba ziqala ukwakha.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze i-allisum ijabulele isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ngezimbali eziningi futhi ingalahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukusika amahlumela ngesikhathi sakha ama-pods ngo-8 cm.
I-Botanists ihlanganisa u-Alissum Gmelin (i-alyssum gmelinii) ukuze kutholakale izitshalo ezinomsoco we-herbaceous futhi ziqaphele ukusabalala kwayo ezindaweni ezisezindaweni zasemaphandleni zase-Ukraine naseMoldova. Izibhamu eziphuzi zezilwane zingabonakala eceleni kweminye imigwaqo, imigodi yezintaba kanye nezindawo ezilahliwe. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezilinywayo ziphikisana namaqhwa, khetha ama-substrates omhlaba omnyama namashlabathi ane-limestone ne-choki.
Ukunakwa kufanelekile izinhlobo:
- "Paletta" (ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene zombala wephaleta);
- "Gem Big" (ezinkulu-flowered, kakhulu ukumelana frost nesomiso);
- I-placer yegolide (esiseduze nama-specimens zasendle).
Ulwandle
Endalweni yasendle, i-inflorescences yalolu hlobo lwe-alissum (i-Alyssum maritimum noma i-sea lobularia) itholakala ezimhlophe ne-lilac, futhi ku-floriculture ye-ornamental iboniswa yi-shades ehlukahlukene.
Lesi sitshalo sinomshini ohlangene ohlangene kuze kufinyelele ku-20 cm ubude nobubanzi, ngamaqabunga ezinwele ezinamahloni wezwi lokuthutha kanye namaqabunga amancane avela ehlobo.
Hlangana nezinye izimbali zensimu: gaillardia, peony, mimulyus, kupena, zinnia, swimsuit, gazania, hazel grouse.
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, isiko selukhule iminyaka eminingi, sihlala njalo siqhuma. Lokhu kwenzeka emaPyrenees, ezweni lakubo, nakwezinye izindawo zokusabalalisa: e-Canary Islands, e-Azov Islands, ogwini lwaseBay of Biscay. Ezimweni ezifudumele, lezi zinhlobo ziyalinywa njengonyaka.
I-Sea Alyssum ithanda inhlabathi enesihlabathi, njengamabhishi omdabu namaduna. Ibekezelela ukuntuleka komswakama. Igama laso lalibangelwa ukukhula ezindaweni ezilwandle.
Esikhathini samasiko ezinhlobonhlobo zezidingo:
- "Tiny Tim" (isisindo);
- I-Easter Bonnet Deep Rose (kakhulu i-pink);
- "Violet Konigin" (obomvu ngamagatsha aqinile);
- "Princess in Perple" (amiss suel).
I-Pyrenean
Uhlobo lwe-Pyrenean (i-Alyssum pyrenaicum) lubonakala ngamaqabunga ama-oval anamahlumela aminyene, avela ku-15-20 cm ubude nezimbali ezincane ezinezilinganiso ezilingana ezifinyelela ku-5-8 cm. Ama-Buds avuliwe ehlobo. Ngaphandle, lezi zinhlobo zimelela amasiko angapheli afana ne-alissum emhlophe yolwandle.
Abamele i-Hybrid bayayithanda inhlabathi ye-limestone neyesihlabathi, ukungahlehlisi ukukhathalela, ingavumelanisa ne-penumbra, kodwa leli qiniso liqinisekile ukuthi lizovela kuma-inflorescences. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyeka ukuqhuma kuze kube khona izimo ezanelisayo.
Ngokuvamile, ukulimala "i-Compactum" kuhlwanyelwa emabhukwini, okuhlukaniswa nesimo saso esihle esihlahleni, kuze kube ngu-18 cm high.
Uyazi? Engxenyeni engaphezu kokukhulelwa, i-alissum izoqala ukukhulisa ngokweqile i-biomass, ukumiswa kwenqubo yokuhluma.
Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo
Indawo yokuhlala kulezi zindawo yizindawo ezingasempumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, kanye nengxenye esentshonalanga ye-Asia. Imimoya eyomile, ilanga elivuthayo lama-steppes nezintaba laqina kanzima izimo ezimbi.
I-Alyssum ecreeping (Alyssum repens Baumgartner) iyaphawuleka ngokukhuthazela kwayo: ikwazi ukusinda kalula ama-frosts angu-18 kanye nokushisa kwama-40 degree.
Ngaphandle, yi-shrub ye-razlohy, ephezulu kuya kwezingu-60 cm, enezinqwaba ezinqwaba emahlumela namahlamvu, izimbali eziphuzi ezikhanyayo. Ama-Buds avela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Rocky
Lapho i-Alissum i-blossy rocky (i-Alyssum saxatile), izihlahla zayo ezincane zithola isimo se-hemispherical, zifakwe ngobukhulu ngegolide lezintambo ezibucayi. Ukubukeka ngokukhethekile ngokuhlobisa kuhluke ekwindla, ngesikhathi se-yellowing yamahlamvu. Khona-ke izimbali namaqabunga e-fleecy ahlangene zibe munye, ekwakheni i-hemisphere encane enobubanzi obungama-40 cm nokuphakama okungaba ngu-30 cm.
Izitshalo ezindala zalesi sikhathi esizayo ziyoba yilapho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi amaqabunga angeke awile ngisho nasebusika, egcina isikhwama esibanzi. Izimbali ziqala entwasahlobo futhi zingapheli izinsuku ezingaphezu kwengu-40, ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuvuselela kabusha kungenzeka.
Ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana ne-lobularia enamadwala ensimini yawo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, ngaphandle kwe-Great Britain. Izinhlobo ezihlwanyelwe zizwela kakhulu ekuntulekeni komswakama nokushisa. Ukuzijabulisa kujabulela:
- "Citrinum" (ophuzi onomthunzi welamula);
- "Wave Golden" (izimbali ziqala eminyakeni emibili ubudala);
- "Plenum" (terry).
Kubalulekile! U-Alyssum uzwela kakhulu emthonjeni we-cruciferous. Ukuxosha inkathazo esitshalweni kuzosiza isisombululo samanzi alitha eli-1 namaspuni amabili kaviniga, noma ukuthulisa uthuli.
Inhlanganisela nokusetshenziswa kwe-alissum ku-landscape design
I-Alyssum ku-design landscape, ngaphandle kokunyusa, iyadingeka. Nakuba abanye abantu bethukuthele ngokukhula okuphansi kwalesi sitshalo, kodwa empeleni akukho lutho olungcono kakhulu ukuthi imingcele engadini ye-flower ayikwazi ukutholakala.
Abasimili bethanda ukuhlobisa izintambo ze-lobularia, ukuphahla phakathi kwama-slabs aqoshiwe kanye nokuqhekeka emasongweni ngamatshe ngebhasikidi ye-compact "amabhasikidi".
Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlahla eziqhakazile kungatholakala emasimini e-rock, ama-mixborders, ngisho nasemabhaleni nase-rabatkah. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nketho ayinakuphulukiswa, ngoba imbali iyajwayela ilanga nesomiso. Ikakhulukazi kufanelekile kubalandeli ukubeka i-solitaires ehlukahlukene kuma-rockseries avela ngamatshe namatshe.
Esikhathini sendawo yokuklama komhlaba futhi basebenzisa: i-pin pine, i-thuja, i-cypress, i-juniper, i-spruce, i-acacia, i-maple, umlotha, umsedari, i-cypress, i-jasmine, i-larch, yew, i-fir, i-lilac.
Ama-designers ase-long alissum asebenzisa isikhathi eside ekusetshenzisweni kokubaluleka kokubhaliwe kwi-flowerbed. Uma ukutshala kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuphakama kanye nesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo, kanye nokwehla.
Isibonelo, amabhaluni amhlophe we-alissum phakathi kwe-tulips ebomvu abukeka emangalisayo. Ungakhetha inhlanganisela ye-shades kuya ukunambitheka kwakho kusukela ngonyaka nonyaka. Ukungafani kwe-violet (pink, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) namathoni aphuzi kuhlanganiswe ngezithombe.
Manje ukuthi wazi konke mayelana ne-alissum, izici zezinhlobo zayo nezinhlobonhlobo, njengomculi, uzodonsa indawo yakho kusuka kwephalethi elivundile. Futhi vumela ukuthi iqhume futhi iphunga enjabulweni yakho nabanye.
