IJubilee yaseMoscow ehlukahlukene ye-apple iyinhlangano entsha ngokuphelele, engasetshenziselwa ukujwayela izindlu zasendlini. Umlimi ongenalwazi uyamncane kakhulu ngaye.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zine-immune immun immune and resistance frost resistance. Phakathi kwabaningi, kokubili izinhlobo ezintsha ze-apula ezihlolwe isikhathi esinezikhathi, kufanele uqaphele iJuba elihlukahlukene laseMoscow.
Luhlobo luni olubhekisela
Isikhumbuzo seMoscow siyinhlobonhlobo ehlukahlukene yama-apula ebusika. Kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zasebusika zokuzalisa i-Oryol.
Isetshenziselwa ukulima ezindaweni eziphansi ze-Volga naseCentral Earth Earth yaseRussia. Unobungozi obusika obuphansi obuncane, ngakho-ke ingahlakulelwa ezindaweni ezimozulu kakhulu: I-Belarus, i-Ukraine, i-Moldova nokunye Kulula ukubekezelela amaqhwa phansi -20-30ะก, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, amagxolo nezinso zingathinteka. Kudinga indawo yokuhlala.
Ama-apula avuthwe maphakathi no-September. Ungavuna kuze kube phakathi noma ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Kungcono ukugcina esiteji esingaphansi noma emgodini ophansi esuka ku- -2 kuya ku-1C.
Ukuze uthole isitoreji eside, ungasebenzisa amabhokisi amakhadibhodi noma amabhokisi enkuni.lapho ama-apula abila khona futhi afafazwe nge-sawdust noma utshani omile kahle. Ungakwazi ukufaka ngaphezu kwalokho ukuguqula isendlalelo ngasinye ngamaphephandaba noma ephepheni. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, isivuno singase sihlale sisisha kuze kube sekuqaleni kuka-Mashi. Kuhle ukucubungula ama-jus kanye nama-jams.
Isibhedlela saseMoscow - ibanga le-samobesplodny. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukutshala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuvuna. Ziyizinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula ekwindla nangesikhathi sasebusika sokuvuthwa, isibonelo, iStroyevsky, Utes, Aport, Antonovka ejwayelekile noKibyshev.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo variety of Anniversary of Moscow?
Umuthi ukhula ngokushesha futhi uneminyaka yobudala ufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-4-5. I-Crohn nxazonke, hhayi obukhulu kakhulu.
Amagatsha anamandla, ubukhulu obuphakathi, akhula ngasesigodini esifanele. Amagxolo ashelelekile, asemnyama.
Idubula ensundu, igobile, ihlanganiswe ngokuphindaphindiwe. Amafihlekile amancane, ahlotshisiwe. Amaqabunga ayingayizi ephakathi, ekhanyayo, ekhomba emaphethelweni. Izimbali zine pink elikhanyayo elinamacebiso amhlophe, eqoqwe ngama-inflorescences amancane.
Izithelo ziphakathi, eyodwa-dimensional, oblong, ribbed. Isikhumba sinobucwebe, siphuzi ngokugqamile okubomvu kuningi le-apula. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba kubonakala ngokucacile izindawo ezimpunga.
I-pulp inomuncu-omnandi, omnene, omhlophe umbala, i-crispy, i-grainy.
Ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu kuboniswa yizinhlobo ezilandelayo: Anis, Medunitsa, Youth, Screen, no-Orlik.
Umlando wokuzala
Izihlahla ze-apula ezihlukahlukene Izikhumbuzo zaseMoscow zatholakala ngo-1981 ngenxa yokuhlwanyela imbewu. Izithelo zokuqala zavela ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi kuphela.
Ososayensi be-All-Russian Institute of Breeding bahlanganyela ekuzaliseni lezi zihlukahlukene. E. N. Sedov, E. A. Dolmatov, Z. M. Serova, noV V. V. Zhdanov. Ngonyaka wezi-2002 lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenziwe.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Isikhumbuzo saseMoscow sasibizwa ngeRussia Central, eCentral Chernozem naseCentral. Ukumelana nokuqina kweqhwaNgakho-ke, akufanelekile ukulima ezindaweni ezinzima zezulu.
Kungenziwa ukutshala ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu sinomoya omncane futhi kusetshenziselwa izinga lokushisa ebusika. Uma udala izimo ezinhle, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuveza isivuno esikhulu kakhulu.
Isimo sezulu esifudumele nesomnene sithandwa yi-Chinese Bellefleur, ngo-Ephreli, i-Belarusian Crimson.
Ukuthela
Isihlahla siqala ukukhiqiza isikhathi eside, sekuyiminyaka eyi-6-8 yokuphila. Ukuvunwa kuletha minyaka yonke kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba. Ama-apula amancane, ngisho.
Ukukhiqizwa, okunakekelwa kahle, kungafinyelela 200 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Ungayifinyelela kanjani isivuno esinjalo kusayithi lakho? Nakhu kubalulekile ukutshala kahle i-apula futhi ukuhlinzekele kahle.
Izithelo eziphakeme zihlukaniswa yi-Orlovsky Sinap, iKovrovy, Yuzhny, Shtripel nezinhlobo ze-Aloe zakuqala.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukutshala kahle kwe-apula kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle esikhathini esizayo.
I-Anniversary Anniversary yaseMoscow ikhetha imithambeka emihle, evumise umoya.
Ukuze ugweme ukuqhwaza kwe-seedling, kungcono ukhethe izindawo eziphakeme, ngaphandle kwemimoya ekhona, ene-storage engaphansi komhlaba.
Umhlabathi we-apula kufanele ube nokukhanya, okuhle ukudlula umswakama nomoya.
Okufaneleka kakhulu kunesihlabathi esisodwa kanye ne-loam. Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo aziphikisani neqhwa, ukutshala kungcono kakhulu entwasahlobo. Izimbiza zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokudlula. Usayizi obujwayelekile: Ububanzi buka-50-70 cm no-1-2 m ukujula.
Ingqimba ephezulu yomhlaba ixubene nomquba kanye nesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-urea. Ingxube igcwele umgodi 1/3 wevolumu. Esigabeni esilungisiwe esitshalwe.
Ngaphambi kokutshala ufake isikhonkwane se-garters. Ngemuva kokutshala, isitsha sesitsha sichitha kahle, esivela phezulu.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle izihlahla ze-apula, isimo esidingekayo siphuzisa, sondla, sithukulule futhi siphule umjikelezo wesiqu somuthi. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, izithombo azitshalwanga. Ngemuva kokufika, qiniseka ukuthi wenza izihlahla zokusika.. Ebusika, izithombo ziboshwe ngokucophelela ngamaqabunga e-spruce ukuze zivikele amaqhwa namajuba.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, entwasahlobo, amagatsha ase-spruce asusiwe, iziqu zihlanjululwa, izihlahla zomuthi ziyakhiwa futhi zikhuliswe. Entwasahlobo nehlobo, kusetshenziswa ama-nitrogen fertilizer, kanti ehlobo nasekwindla - phosphorus-potassium.
Ngemuva kokudla nokuphuza ngamunye, inhlabathi esivumelwaneni esiseduzane ihlanganiswe.. Ngaphambi nangemva kwemifula, kanye namaminerali, umanyolo ongasetshenziswa nawo ungasetshenziswa. Ngehlobo elomile, ukuchelela kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga..
Ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala, ukuvuselela - njengoba isihlahla sikhula. Kodwa, naphezu kokugcinwa ngokucophelela, kungenzeka ukuthi ukulimaza umuthi ngezifo kanye nezilokazane. Yini okufanele uyenze ngayo?
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isikhumbuzo seMoscow siyizihlahla ezihlukahlukene ze-apula ezinokuzivikela ngokuphelele.
Ukuphazamiseka kabi ngesithelo sokubola kanye ne-cytosporosis.
Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi ze-apula zingahlaselwa ama-aphid, amabhu, ama-sawflies nama-haws, amabhu okumba izimayini, ama-sapwood kanye nama-silkworms.
Kungenzeka ukulwa nabo ngokuhlanza ngesikhathi esifanele utshani owomile namaqabunga, ukwelashwa kwesondlo esiseduzane nokuphamba kwezinambuzane.
I-Apple ehlukahlukene yokukhumbula iminyaka yaseMoscow ibonwa ngabososayensi abaningi njengezihlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zasebusika.
Ukufaneleka kwayo okungenakuphikwa: ukumelana nesibalo, isivuno esikhulu, izithelo ezinhle futhi ezihlwabusayo. Kubalulekile ukubuka lokhu okuhlukahlukene, kungenzeka ukuthi akukwanele namuhla emasimini ethu.
