I-Cerastium - uhlobo lwama-herbaceous annuals noma ama-enderennial angama-cloves omndeni. Kwabiwa eNingizimu Melika, e-Asia, e-Europe, eNyakatho Afrika nase-Australia. Ukukhula kwe-yascolki akudingi umzamo omkhulu.
Uyazi? Igama lesayensi le-genus Cerastium lisuselwa egameni lesiGreki elithi "keras", okusho ukuthi "uphondo" - ngendlela yesithelo-ibhokisi.
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-yaskolki
Inhlobo ye-yaskolka inencazelo elandelayo: Izikhathi ezimilayo ziyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso, zivuthiwe futhi zingenakuzithoba, azikwazi nje ukuma ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, ikakhulu ebusika. Emasimini e-yaskolki elula noma e-branched, ngokuvamile enza ama-tufts aminyene. 
Iziqu zingasakaza noma zikhuphuke; amancane, ama-pubescent, amaqabunga onke atholakale ephikisanayo, izimbali ezimhlophe zifinyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi, zihlukaniswe zibe yi-inflorescences e-corymbose. Izitshalo zilula noma zi-branched, ezinwabuzelayo noma ezikhuphukayo. Amaqabunga atholakala ngokuphambene, amancane, aphelele, ashicilela kakhulu. Izimbali zifinyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi, zimhlophe, zibuthene ezincane ze-inflorescences. Ukuphakama kufikela ku-15-30 cm.
Umhlabathi okhululekile, owenziwe kahle, hhayi ocebile kakhulu futhi ongewona omuncu kakhulu, mhlawumbe i-peaty, isihlabathi esinesihlabathi noma esesihlabathi, uzofaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni okuhle kwesihlahla sase-spruce. Ngaphambi kokutshala lesi sitshalo, inhlabathi iyakhululwa, isihlabathi senezelwa enhlabathini ecacile, futhi ukuhlinzeka izimpande ngomswakama, i-peatland echotshoziwe. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya, singakhula ilanga eliqondile, kodwa isimo esihle kunazo zonke singumthunzi oyingxenye: emthunzini kungenzeka ukuthi awuqhakaze nhlobo. Akudingekile ukuvikela i-winddrop emoyeni.
Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-yaskolki
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 ze-iskolki, ezinye zitshalwe njengezitshalo zensimu ema-rockseries, ama-mixborders ngaphambili, ekutshaleni izitsha.
Alpine Yaskolka
Uhlobo oluncane olungenakuqhathaniswa lwe-yaskolki. Isikhathi eside esingapheli, okuyinto ngenkathi izimbali zakha isihlahla esifushane (kufinyelela ku-15 cm). I-Alpine Yaskolka ihlukaniswe amaqabunga azungeze umthunzi we-silvery, izimbali ezinkulu, ezenziwe ngebell, eziqondiswa phezulu futhi ziqoqwe nge-inflorescence encane. I-plant blooms maphakathi no-May, ithanda ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile, kodwa amanzi aphelile ayingozi. Ukumboza isihlahla akunconywa: kungaba yi-vypryvat. Lesi sitshalo sikhangele ama-slides alpine, ama-rockseries, abukeka kahle emiphakathini yensimu noma ezitsheni, ekusikeni noma ngesimo se-bouquets ezincane.
Uyazi? Ummeleli we-Yaskolka Alpine ungummeli osenyakatho wezwe lezimbali ezitholakala eC Lockwood Island eCanada Arctic Archipelago. Ngisho nangaphezulu, kunamanye ama-lichen and algae kuphela.
I-spike emhlophe
Lesi sitshalo esinezinhlanzi esinezihlahla esihlala njalo sikhula kuphela eGrisi ezintabeni eziphakeme zezintaba. Ukuphela kwe-gray-green ngezimbali ezinkulu, okuye kabili ukusika amacembe nama-sepals, amaqabunga angenhla angama-lanceolate-linear, futhi i-oblong-spatulate engezansi, isitshalo sakha amakhepheni aqinile, futhi iziqu zidala izimbali eziluhlaza. Isithelo ibhokisi le-oblong-cylindrical. Izitshalo zinamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amafomu amancane. Iziqu zazo eziqondile noma ezingezansi ziyakha izimbali eziluhlaza.
Biberstein jaskolka
NginguyeI-Biberstein skolka iyinhle futhi iyimfihlakalo njengezwe lakubo - eCrimea. Lezi zinsuku ezinomsoco, ezakha ama-cushions aminyene, zikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba zibukeka ziluhlaza. Amahlumela ezitshalo asakaza, ama-peduncles aphakama ngama-15-20 cm ukuphakama. Ushiya isisu nesincane, i-linear noma i-oblong-linear. Izimbali ezimhlophe 1.5 cm ububanzi, zihlangene zibe isambulela ezimbalwa-flowered, phezulu izingongolo ziba ezimbili blades. 
Ukuqhakaza okungapheli ngoMeyi-Juni ngezinsuku ezingaba ngu-25-28. I-bieberstein yaziwa ngamasiko kusukela ngo-1820. Inokumelana nokuqina kwe-frost, omunye wabamele abavelele kakhulu kwezitshalo, amacu. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, i-yaskolka ivule umhlaba nge-carpet-white white kuze kube ngu-20 cm high, okubukeka sengathi iyamangalisa ezungezwe izimbali ezibomvu noma ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-bieberstein jerk inhle kakhulu, ingahlwanyelwa ekulengeni amabhokisi, isibonelo, emgodini. Kulula ukunakekela: ukusika isitshalo esikhulisiwe bese uyilungisela endaweni entsha njalo eminyakeni emine.
Yaskolka wazizwa
UJascolka wazizwa - isitshalo esingapheli esihlala isikhathi eside, esichazwa ngamahlumela esiliva-grey, ehlwanyelwayo noma ekhuphuka emaphethelweni, aphethwe kalula futhi abe nomthelela wokudla okunomsoco esitshalweni kanye nesistimu enkulu yezimpande. Esinye isitshalo sakha isikhwama esincane, sibe nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-50 cm kanti ubude bufinyelela ku-25 cm. I-yascolki inamaqabunga amancane, amancane, afana ne-lance ahlanganiswe nezwa; ezimhlophe, izimbali ezincane kodwa ezikhanyayo. Ukuqhakaza okuqhubekayo kusenesikhathi - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, inyanga yezinyanga, kodwa emva kokuphela kwalolu hlelo kuqhubeka ukuhlobisa.
Isitshalo se-yaskolka sithatha izimo ezinjalo zokulima: izindawo ezishisayo kakhulu (isibonelo, ukuphakama) okubangelwa ukumelana nesomiso kanye nemvelo enothando; akukho mkhukhula wezikhukhula ezinamanzi; isihlabathi esinesihlabathi esiphelelwe kahle noma esiphezulu. Kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela imbewu entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, ukhetho lokukhuphuka phezulu ngosizo lwezithombo kungenzeka, ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu ezitshalweni entwasahlobo.
Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amaningana weqiniso, isitshalo sigxotshiwe futhi sinciphise, sishiye cishe u-5 cm phakathi kwezithombo. NgoJulayi, izithombo zitshalwe endaweni engapheliyo, lapho ngonyaka wesibili ziqhakaza khona. Ngentwasahlobo, umhlabathi ozungeza isiqu ususwe amaqabunga omdala awile. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuchelela kanye nomanyolo, sishintshwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, isikhathi esingapheli kufanele sihlanganiswe ne-agrospan. Ukukhula komzimba okuzizwayo kusakazwa yizimbewu, ukusika kanye nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Emklamo we-landscape, ithiphu elizwayo livame ukusetshenziswa emibhedeni yemifula elingisa echibini ensimini: lapho lingabheka njengesiqhumane sasolwandle.
Yaskolka enkulu
Yaskolka krupnotsvetkovaya - isitshalo esingapheli, indawo yaso yokuzalwa yiBalkan. Emasiko kusukela ngo-1818. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungaba ngu-20 cm, izimbali ezimhlophe ububanzi obuyi-3 cm, ziyaqhakaza kamuva, ziqala ngo-Julayi, ziphela ekuqaleni kuka-September. Lesi sitshalo si-thermophilic, sithanda ukukhanya kwelanga. Kungenzeka basinde esomelweni esifushane, behluleke ngokuphelele emhlabathini. Ngaphandle, udinga izibani ze-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamps. Ebusika, akudingi indawo yokukhosela, ayithandi amanzi ancibilikileko ancibilikile entwasahlobo, ngezinye izikhathi ayidingi ukuhambisa umhlabathi, ngaphandle kokudubula. Ngaphambi kokusila, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise.
Kubalulekile! Kuyadingeka ukuba ukhula ngesikhathi futhi ususe amahlumela ezinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngoba ukhula ngokushesha futhi ungagcina izitshalo eziseduze.
Inkundla ye-Yaskolka (inkundla)
I-sprat yensimu isitshalo esinama-branched, i-prostrate stem (ngezinye izikhathi ihamba), ne-lanceolate oblong-ovate, amaqabunga ashicilelo. Izimbali ezimhlophe phezulu kwe-stem ziqoqwe esithameni esincane, amacembe aphindwe kabili njengelitha. Ukuphakama kwe-Shrub - 10-40 cm. Izimbali zivela kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Isakazwa ezintabeni zase-Asia Ephakathi, eSiberia, e-Ukraine, ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia ne-Arctic. Ikhula emasimini e-steam, emahlathini amancane, emadlelweni. Iphethe izindawo zokudambisa ngenxa yokuthi isetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Kubalulekile! Ukulungiselela ukumnika okunethezeka kwe-2 tbsp. izinkezo zamakhemikhali ezichotshoziwe zithelela amanzi ama-0.5 amalitha abilayo, zisho amahora ambalwa bese zihlunga. Thatha kathathu ngosuku imizuzu engu-30 ngaphambi kokudla ½ indebe. Uma i-hemorrhoids 125 g utshani obomile ithululelwa ama-5 amalitha amanzi, iphoqa amahora amabili nokuhlunga.
I-Spike e-Purple
I-spikelet enombala isitshalo esiqhakazile kakhulu, futhi abantu bavame ukukhathazeka lapho kukhula khona ezimweni zemvelo. Lezi yizindawo zaseCaucasus, eTurkey nase-Iran. Amafomu okuhlala isikhathi eside ama-cushions aminyene ama-25 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga e-crimson eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka amancane futhi ane-oblong, aya ebusika obusika, izimbali ezimhlophe ziqoqwe ezincane ze-amblolecence ezimise okwesibhakabhaka, kanti isiqu singama-25 cm ubude. Izimbali ziqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya phakathi no-Julayi.
I-Yaskolka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - isitshalo esincane, ukuphakama kwayo kuvela ku-15 kuya ku-25 cm. I-shrub esetshenziselwa emasimini edwaleni, ekwakheni izithiyo zokuhlobisa ezilenga, etshalwe phakathi kwamatshe. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha izindawo ezinobusi nezinhlabathi ezinezinhlobo zokugeleza. Yaskolka - isomiso esingahlali isikhathi eside. Ukulungiselela ubusika, kubalulekile ukumboza ngamaqabunga e-spruce noma amahlamvu awile.
