Ama-raspberry ahlala edonsela ukunakekela kwabalimi. Inzalo ekhulayo ikakhulukazi iboniswa ezinhlotsheni zayo ezinezithelo ezinkulu nezinezithelo ezinkulu. Enye yazo izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuzalela kwePoland uLyachka, odumile kakhulu eYurophu. Ukhule kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezimboni nasemapulazini uqobo. Ukukhiqiza kanye ukuthengiswa kwalesi raspberry wabuye wanconywa abalimi Russian nabalimi.
Umlando okhulayo
Izwe raspberries eLyachka - ePoland. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabizwa nangokuthi iLachka, iLyashka, iLashka. Igama elithi Lyachka livame kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia, noma kunjalo, okuhlukile kakhulu kunendlela yokubiza amagama ngesiPolish yiLashka.
URaspberry Lyachka watholwa usosayensi wasePoland uJan Danek ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 e-Sadowniczym Zakładzie Doświadczalny instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa eBrzeznej (Isikhungo Sokulungisa Ingadi kanye neFlanticulture). Ngo-2006 yabhaliswa kwirejista yasePoland yezinhlobonhlobo, ngo-2009 - e-Ukraine. ILyachka yanda e-Belarus, Moldova, Russia nase-Ukraine. Izinhlobonhlobo azifakwanga kubhaliso lokufezekiswa kokukhethwa kweRussia Federation.
Incazelo nesimilo
Ibhola - ama-raspberries ajwayelekile (hhayi ama-remontantny), athela izithelo amahlumela aneminyaka emibili ubudala. Ukuqala izithelo ekuqaleni - imvamisa kakade ekupheleni kukaJuni ezindaweni eziphakeme eseningizimu amajikijolo aqala ukuvuthwa. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo siyinkathi yesithelo eseluliwe, izithelo zivuthwa kancane kancane isikhathi eside. Maphakathi neRussia, izithelo zokuqala ziqala ukuthathwa maphakathi no-Julayi, futhi ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kungenzeka kube khona amajikijolo ezihlahleni.
Amandla okukhula aphakathi futhi aqinile, konke kuya ngezimo ezincane nokunakekelwa. Amahlumela akhula kusuka kumamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu (ngesinye isikhathi angafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3.5). Iziqu zikhuni, zinembobo ye-wax, engxenyeni ephezulu igoba u-anyanisi. Kukhona ameva amaningi, kepha awakhohlakali, ngakho-ke ukuvuna akukho nzima. Kuma-stud aneminyaka emibili ubudala, kwakheka ama-laterals amaningi amade futhi anezihlahla ezinhle (amahlumela athela izithelo). Izinhlobonhlobo azithambekele ekukhuleni okuqinile, kufakwa amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni ngokulinganisa.
Emahlahleni aqoshiwe we-raspberry Lyachka akhiwa amahlumela amaningi athela izithelo
Amajikijolo makhulu, kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-8 amagremu, angafinyelela kumagremu ayi-10 ngokunakekelwa okuhle. Umbala ubomvu okhanyayo. Indawo ene-pubescence encane. Ijamo linobude obucishe bunamaphethelo. Amajikijolo aminyene, i-drupe incane.
Amajikijolo amakhulu abunjiwe okuyi-Raspberry Lechka anombala obomvu okhanyayo, isisindo sawo singama-6 g g, ngokunakekelwa okuhle angafinyelela ku-10 g
Ukunambitheka kuyalingana, kumnandi futhi kumuncu, uphudingi. Amaphuzu wokunambitha - amaphuzu angu-9. Ngokuhlala isikhathi eside emabeleni musa ukudilika, kepha thola kuphela ushukela bese ulahlekelwa yi-acid. Izithelo zingasetshenziswa kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ezokuhamba zimemezele phezulu, amaphuzu angu-9. Kodwa-ke, imibono ngokuthwala yayihlukaniswa. Ukubuyekezwa okuningi okuthi ukuhamba okuhle kuphikelela ngokuvuna okufika ngesikhathi. Uma amajikijolo eselangeni isikhathi eside, bese kuba mnyama bese kuthi ngemuva kokuvuna ngakusasa alahlekelwe isethulo nokugeleza kwawo. Singaphetha ngokuthi akufanele ufike sekwephuzile ngesivuno, uma amajikijolo enzelwe ukuthutha nokuthengisa.
Ngokuvunwa okufika ngesikhathi, amajikijolo aminyene ka-raspberry weLyachka anokuhamba okuphezulu
Isivuno esiphakathi nendawo kwezimboni ngu-170 kg / ha, isilinganiso - 200 kg / ha. Ngomuthi owodwa, abalimi abanolwazi ngokunakekela ngokucophelela bathola ama-4-5 kg wemikhiqizo engathengiswa.
Isivuno se-raspberry iLyachka siphezulu, sinezinga elifanele lobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ungafinyelela kumakhilogremu amahlanu wemikhiqizo esihlahleni esisodwa
Ngokwencazelo yomsunguli, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi abakhulisa iBhola, umkhiqizo omningi, usayizi omkhulu nekhwalithi yamajikijolo kutholakala kuphela uma izimo ezikhulayo zibhekwa.
Ukuqina kobusika nokuqina kweqhwa kuphezulu - amaphuzu angu-9. Ukuqandisa kwezimbali zezimbali kungu-5-10%. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, izihlahla zivimbela izithambisi kuya ku-35 ° C. Kodwa-ke, iLyachochka inesici ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo ezihlala zingabekezeleli ngempumelelo ubusika ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuphumula kobusika eLyachka sifushane kakhulu - lokhu kufakwa ezingeni lofuzo. Njengokuhlukahluka isikhathi eside sokwenza izithelo, izitshalo zidla imifino isikhathi eside ekwindla, futhi ngenxa yokuvuthwa kokuqala zivuka ekuseni. Esimweni sezulu esibonakala ngokushintshana kwezithambo nokubuya kwamafrimu, izinso ziyaqhwa. Izimpande zihlala zisebenza futhi izitshalo zibuyiselwa ngempumelelo, kepha izithelo zenzeka kuphela ngesizini elilandelayo. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka esimweni sezulu esiphansi sezindawo eziseningizimu yeRussia ne-Ukraine. I-bent futhi embozwe yiqhwa iqhuma i-Lyachki ibekezelela ngempumelelo ubusika ezifundeni ezibandayo nezineqhwa ezingenamawele.
Amabhasi ka-raspberry uLyachka akhuthazelela ubusika kahle ngaphansi kwesembozo seqhwa esiminyene ezindaweni ezisenyakatho
Njengezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zesimanje, iLyachka imelana nezifo ezivamile (amaphuzu angu-8) nezinambuzane (amaphuzu angama-7-8) ama-raspberries. Lapho kuchazwa izinhlobonhlobo, ukumelana nokudangala kwamahlumela nokubola kwamajikijolo kuphawulwe ngokuhlukile.
Ividiyo: buyekeza izinhlobo ze-raspberry eLyachka
Izici izinhlobo ze-agrotechnics raspberries uLyachka
Zonke izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zezinhlobonhlobo ziboniswa kuphela nezinga elifanele lobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ama-nuances okukhula kweLyachka kubalulekile ukuthi awacabangele, uma kungenjalo kukhona ubungozi bokungawutholi umphumela olindelekile. Isitatimende esinjalo siyincazelo esemthethweni yezinhlobonhlobo, futhi siqinisekiswa nokubuyekezwa okuningi.
Ukufakelwa
Indawo yokutshala ngokwesiko inelanga futhi ivulekile, kepha izitshalo ziyakwazi ukubekezelela isithunzi esincane ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Isikimu sokutshala salezinhlobonhlobo sinconyelwe i-2.0x0.5 m. Ngalesi sikhathi sokubekwa, ama-raspberry azoba nesikhala esanele sokuthuthuka okugcwele.
Okusajingijolo uLyachka otshalwe endaweni enelanga, enezindawo ezigcwele amamitha amabili
Izithambo zokukhanya okuvundile okukhanyayo okune-acidic kancane noma ukungathathi hlangothi zithandwa kakhulu ukulinyelwa. Amaxhaphozi amakhulu asemukeleki ngokuphelele. Ukuphefumula komoya namanzi kwenhlabathi njengenye yezimo ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni ngempumelelo nasekufakweni kwezithelo kushiwo encazelweni yomsunguli.
Okusajingijolo Lyachka kwenza izimfuno eziphezulu ekuzaleni kwenhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi, kubalulekile ukugcwalisa kahle ngomanyolo we-organic. Ngokumba, yenza amabhakede ama-2-3 we-humus noma umquba kumitha elilodwa lesikwele. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, inhlanganisela yomlotha wezinkuni nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali ungeniswa emigodini.
Uma amahlumela angena esikhundleni anokwenele ukusakazeka, khona-ke, ngokuya ngesipiliyoni sabalimi, iLyachka ingakwazi ukusabalalisa ngempumelelo indlela yokusika. Ezinye izidingo zokubamba Amabhola ziyefana nakwamanye ama-raspberry.
Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa kwe-raspberry Ball ngokusika
Ukunakekelwa
Njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zidla inani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza ekwakhiweni nasekuvunweni kwesitshalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukujwayelekile kwamahlumela ukuze ukhulise umthwalo ezitshalweni. Ehlathini laminyaka yonke ne-biennial, kwanele ukushiya ama-2-3 amahlumela aqine kakhulu. Umthwalo omkhulu esihlahleni sabadala yiziqu ezingama-5-7. Futhi baphinde babhubhise ukukhula ngokweqile okungadingekile, okungakheka ngomswakama ophezulu kanye nokuningi umanyolo we-nitrogen.
Okusajingijolo uLyachka udinga ukushintshanisa izithombo; azikho iziqu ezingaphezu kuka-5-7 ezisele esihlahleni esisodwa
Naphezu kokuqina kwezinkuni, iziqu azibekezeleli umthwalo wesitshalo futhi zidinga i-garter. Amahlumela aphezulu, athi esifundeni esinezimvula (ngokwesibonelo, njengaseNyakatho Ntshonalanga) angafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3.5, awanconywa ukuthi anciphise ukukhula. Ukuncipha kwelanga ehlobo kubangela ukuba kuthathwe ukubambezeleka nokubambezeleka ekuguqulweni kwezingodo, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukuqina kobusika. Kungcono ukusika iziqu kuze kube ukuphakama kwe-trellis engamamitha amabili entwasahlobo.
Amahlumela amade we-raspberry Lechka adinga i-garter kwi-trellis
Le ncazelo ichaza ukubekezelela okukhulu kwezinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo, kepha, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa, ukuthambisa okunganele kuthinta kabi ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lubandakanya ukuthambisa okungama-5-7 ngesizini ngayinye kulezi zikhathi ezilandelayo:
- Izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza;
- isikhathi sokuqala kokwakhiwa nokuvuthwa kwezitshalo - izikhathi ezi-2-3;
- ngemuva kokutshala izithelo - amahlandla ama-2 (ekwindla enemvula basuswa isimo sezulu).
Ukunisela kuyadingeka ukuze umhlaba umanzi ekujuleni kwezimpande zezitshalo (cm 20-25), kulokhu 1 m2 kudingeka usebenzise amalitha amanzi angama-30- 40. Ehlobo elinezimvula nakule nhlabathi esindayo, ukuchelela kuyalawulwa ukuvikela ukweqisa. Inhlabathi eniselwayo ibanjisiwe.
Ukuze ukhuphule umkhiqizo kanye nokuthengiseka kwemikhiqizo yama-raspberries iLyachka kumele iniselwe njalo
Ibhola futhi lidinga ukuhlinzeka ngesilinganiso esifanele sokufaka umanyolo, njengoba izitshalo, zikhiqiza kakhulu, zidla izakhi zomzimba ngamandla futhi ziqeda inhlabathi. Ikakhulu ama-raspberries adinga i-nitrogen, etholakala ngobuningi obanele emgodini wezinkomo kanye nokulahlwa kwenkukhu. Ukufaka umquba ngamanzi ayi-infusions oxutshwe umquba wenkomo (isilinganiso esingu-1: 10) kanye nokuphonswa kwezinyoni (i-1 000 bred) zisebenza kakhulu kuma-raspberries. Yenza lezi zixazululo ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-3-5 nge-1 m2. Ungafaka esikhundleni sezinto eziphilayo nge-Kemir eziyinkimbinkimbi yomanyolo (wezipuni ezintathu nge-10 wamalitha amanzi) noma isixazululo se-urea (30 g / 10 l), asetshenziswa 1 litre ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umanyolo we-nitrogen usetshenziswa kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo, ngoba zivusa ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza, okuvimbela ukuvuthwa kwezinkuni futhi kuthinte kabi ubulukhuni bebusika.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuvuthwa. Bese beyayiphinda amahlandla amabili isikhathi sokuphumula amasonto ama-2-3. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza izithelo, kufakwa umquba we-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium. Ekwindla, usawoti we-potassium ungezwa ngesilinganiso sama-40 g nge-1 m2, ongashintshwa ngo-0,5 l womlotha wezinkuni.
Ividiyo: ukugqoka okusajingijolo ngezinsimbi zenkukhu
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ibhola liyamelana impela nezifo (ezingeni lamaphuzu ayi-8), ngakho-ke izindlela zokuvimbela imvamisa zanele impela ukuze izitshalo zingaguli. Izinhlobonhlobo zilwa nokubola amajikijolo ezingeni lofuzo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-wax ezintanjeni kuvikela kancane izitshalo ezifweni zezifo ezifana ne-didimella ne-anthracnose.
Ukuze uvikele izifo, kwenziwa izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela:
- izinto zokutshala zikhethwe ngokucophelela kanti izithombo ezinesifo ziyaliwa;
- emasimini kukhethwe ngaphandle ngesikhathi;
- ungavumeli ukuqina komswakama;
- uma noma yisiphi isifo besingavikeleki, hlanza ngokuphelele indawo endaweni yokungcola isitshalo esinegciwane;
- baphathwa ngamakhemikhali ngokuya ngohlelo: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuvuna.
Ukumelana nezinambuzane kwahlolwa yiLyachki ezingeni lamaphuzu angama-7-8. Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zama-raspberries yi-raspberry-sitrobheli weevil, ibhungane le-raspberry, i-raspberry fly kanye ne-shoot shoot.
Ithebula: izinambuzane ezingaba khona zama-raspberries kanye nobungozi abubangelwa
| Igama lezinambuzane | Ukulimala kwenziwe |
|---|---|
| Okusajingijolo kanye sitrobheli weevil | Owesifazane ababi baququda imbobo eceleni kwesihlahla, babeka iqanda kuyo bese beququda i-peduncle. |
| Ibhungane okusajingijolo | Amabhungane aqabula amaqabunga amasha, efihlekile, izimbali. Eminyakeni yehlobo eliningi, izinambuzane zilimaza ama-30% ama-raspberry efihlekile nezimbali. |
| Impukane okusajingijolo | Abantu abasha bangena phakathi kweziqu ezinde babeke izindinyana ezindilinga kanye nezindandatho. Izingxenyana ze-apical ze-stems ezilimele ziba kancane kancane, zibe mnyama bese zifa isikhathi. |
| Aphunyuke Gallic | Izibungu ze-ndallallall midge zingena esiqwini bese zakha ukuphuma (amageyimu). Ukudubula kuyawa futhi kuqhume kalula lapho kwenzeka khona umonakalo. |
Igalari yezithombe: Izilokazane Ezijwayelekile Ezijwayelekile
- I-raspiberi-sitrobheli elilimaza efihlekile
- Ibhungane okusajingijolo lingabhubhisa kuze kube ngama-30% ama-raspberry efihlekile nezimbali
- Impukane okusajingijolo elimaza iziqu ezincane - ziyabuna bese zomile
- Izibungu ze-nduru inyongo ibhubhisa iziqu ezivela ngaphakathi, zenze ukukhula
Imvamisa, ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane, kwanele ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuvimbela izifo ezilandelayo nge-agrotechnical
- Ukhulula inhlabathi ngemigqa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo nge-mulching ungqimba olubanzi.
- Ukumba imigodi (ngesikhathi sokuhlwitha kanye nezibungu kushiya ubusika) ukuya ku-20 cm.
- Ukusika ngesikhathi kanye nokushiswa kwamahlumela amadala, ukuvuselelwa kabusha okusajingijolo.
- Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezitshalo.
- Ukuqoqwa kwama-buds onakaliswe yi-raspberry-sitrobheli weevil.
- Ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngama-fungicides ngokuya ngemiyalo yemithi.
Ukubuyekezwa
Ukumelana nesithwathwa kulo nyaka kukhombisa ibanga eliphansi. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuncipha komhlahlandlela ngoFebhuwari (isitshalo esidala ukwenziwa izithelo kanye nokushisa okuyi-15 degrees Celsius ngezinsuku ezi-3 saqala ukukhula bese kuthi qhwa kube ngu-20). Dinga isivikelo esengeziwe ezifweni zokukhunta. Kepha kuyasiza. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-berry ingaphezu kuka-4 cm futhi iba isikwele ngomqondo ongokoqobo. Abathengi bashaqekile.
Ingadi Yomuntu Omdala//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033
Izinhlobonhlobo zikhule ngamamitha angaphezu kwamabili. Okwezinhlobonhlobo udinga isizinda esiphezulu sezolimo. Njengoba kunesizinda esiphakeme sezolimo, ama-berry azoba mkhulu ngempela. Amajikijolo ethu avuthiwe ngoJuni 25. Ebusika, iziqongo zikhuphuka kancane emazingeni okushisa ka-35. Amajikijolo ayengamboziwe futhi kukhona isivuno esihle. Amajikijolo amnandi kakhulu futhi sonke sawathanda.
** Oksana **//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=3
Saqala ukuqoqa iLachki. Nambitha okuhle, akunasawoti, ungathutha, amajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu. Ubende kahle, empeleni awubonanga ukubuyisa okubandayo.
NARINAIAmajikijolo avuthiwe weRaspberry Lechka makhulu kakhulu futhi angahanjiswa.
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=8
Isele kufanele siniselwe, ngoba ngemuva kokuvuna kubalulekile futhi ukukhula izithombo ezintsha. Angibanga nesikhathi ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi ukuyokhalela amasonto ama-3, ngakho-ke ngacishe ngacekela phansi yonke into engangiyitholile ... ILyashka idinga isizinda sezolimo esinyukayo. Kuhlolwe.
ububi//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=9
Kusukela ekutheni iLyashka "yahlushwa" yimina, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zami zasehlobo zachuma ngaphansi kwezimo ezilinganayo (ukunisela okuthe xaxa kanye nokuntuleka komanyolo), ngibuye ngaphetha ngokuthi uLachka kufanele akhethwe kuphela kulabo abamnikeza ubuchwepheshe obukhulu bezolimo. Futhi lokhu kumele kwaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu okhetha le nhlobo.
antonsherkkk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=10
Lo nyaka ngineLyachka - ukudumala okuphelele: ukungathandeki ngokuphelele kokunambitheka, ngokungafani nezithelo ezimbili ezedlule, lapho phakathi nenkathi kancane kancane kwamukelwa ubumnandi, kwaba mnandi impela ekugcineni kwamasampula. Hhayi, ubengasenawo umuzwa noma ukunambitheka. Ukuhlanganiswa okukuphela ibheshi elikhulu, yize futhi - ukuvuthwa okungalingani kwe-berry nokushiswa okuhle kwelanga elangeni lethu ku-35 emthunzini.
Nikolay223//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=11
Futhi uLyashka ungimangazile kulo nyaka. Ukugqoka okumbili kuphela okuphezulu kweqabunga ngalinye kanye nomquba wamahhashi ngaphansi kwempande, futhi ama-raspberries awanakubonwa. Futhi bekunemicabango yokuvalelisa. I-minus eyodwa - abanye abathengi banamahloni osayizi - abakholelwa ukuthi ibhele lingaba ngosayizi onjalo ngaphandle kokungenelela kwama-GMO. Well, sizokujwayela ....
lily emnyama//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=12
Amajikijolo okuqala ayengafani ngandlela thile, Manje ukwenziwa izithelo ezinkulu (unyaka wesibili) - sebengcono. ILyashka iminyene, inkulu, isidingo sisemakethe. Ngibonile ukuthi uhlangabezana kakhulu nokunisela - uma kuphela izikhala - yilokho kuphela, i-berry lincane.
I-Minerva//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=5
I-Raspberry Lyachka ibanga eliphakeme lezolimo. Kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele kutholakala isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo amakhulu ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukunakwa okwandisiwe futhi ukutshala kwazo akufanele kuvunyelwe ukukhukhuleka. Kodwa lapho ekuphakameni kwehlobo i-raspberry imbozwe ngokubomvu ngamalambu abomvu amajikijolo amakhulu avuthiwe, kuba sobala - umphumela uyawufanele lowo msebenzi.
