Okwamanje, iKishmish 342 ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile phakathi kwamagilebhisi. Kuyaziwa ngokuswela kwayo imbewu, isivuno esiningi namajikijolo amnandi. Ukukhulisa le nhlobonhlobo, kwanele ukuzijwayeza izici zokutshala kwayo bese ulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa, engakhathalelwa ngisho nomlimi oqalayo.
Umlando wokutshala nokuchazwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi iKishmish 342
Amagilebhisi Kishmish 342, owaziwa nangokuthi i-GF 342 noma isiKishmish isiHungary, ahlukahlukene ngokufana. Ngaso leso sikhathi, wathembela abalimi. Izinhlobonhlobo zavinjelwa abafuyi baseHungary ngenxa yokuwela iVillar Blanc nePerlet Sidlis.
Amagilebhisi we-GF 342 aboniswa yisikhathi sokuvuthwa kokuqala: cishe izinsuku eziyi-110 kuya kwezingu-110 zidlula kusukela lapho ama-buds evulekela ekuvuthweni kobuchwepheshe.
Ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kwamagilebhisi kunqunywa ngokufaneleka kwesitshalo sokusetshenziswa okusha noma ukulungiselela umkhiqizo othile.
Ama-bunches ahlukaniswa amandla okumangala ngqo esihlahleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kusonteke. I-Kishmish 342 inikezwe umkhiqizo ophakeme, ifinyelela kuma-20-25 kg esihlahleni esisodwa, kanye nokuqina okuqina. Leli gilebhisi liyaphawuleka ngamandla alo amakhulu okukhula nokuvuthwa okuhle komvini. Ukwemboza isihlahlana sasebusika, kufanele usebenze kanzima, ngoba umvini walesi siko esinhlobonhlobo impela. Ukumelana neqhwa kwe-GF 342 kufinyelela -26˚С.
I-kishmish yaseHungary ihlukaniswa ukuvuna okuningi namajikijolo amnandi.
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi iKishmish 342
Amagilebhisi akha izingqimba ezinesisindo esingama-0,5-0,6 kg, kepha uma efiswa, amagilebhisi amakhulu (afinyelela ku-1.5 kg) angatholakala ngokuphendukela ekubumbeni okufanele. Amajikijolo abonakala ngefomu elenziwa ngamaqanda nombala oluhlaza okotshani wegolide. Ubukhulu bezithelo bufika ku-15-18 mm nesisindo ku-2-3 g. IsiKungmish isiHungary sihlukaniswa njengesigaba sesithathu esingenambewu: amajikijolo cishe awukho ubumbano.
Zonke izinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezidlwengulwayo ngokusho kwamarudiments (imbewu efakwe ngaphansi) zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-4 ngokwesigaba esingenambewu.
Inyama yalokhu okuhlukahlukene inomnandi futhi inamafutha, ukunambitheka okumnandi okuvumelana kahle nama-muscat akhanyayo. Okuqukethwe ushukela kwamajikijolo cishe kungama-20%, kanti i-acidity ayidluli kwe-8 g ilitha elilodwa.
Elangeni, isikhumba samajikijolo siba pinki
Ibanga GF 342 linezinzuzo eziningi:
- ukumelana nezifo zokukhunta;
- -zithobayo;
- ingatshalwa ezifundeni ezinezimo sezulu eziphikisayo;
- ihlukahluka ngokutholakala kahle futhi ingagcinwa isikhathi esingange inyanga;
- isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekwenzeni ukudla kwengane.
Noma kunjalo, izinhlobonhlobo futhi zinokubi okuthile:
- ilahlekelwe yisethulo ngemuva kokuhlala isikhathi eside esihlahleni;
- Izidingo zokukhosela ebusika;
- indlela engalungile ekwakhiweni kwesihlahla ithinta ikhwalithi yesilimo; amajikijolo amancane akhiwa ngembewu neziqalo.
Ividiyo: Ukubuyekezwa kwamagilebhisi angamaKishmish 342
Izici zokutshala nezinhlobo ezikhulayo zeKishmish 342
Ngokutshala amagilebhisi khetha indawo ebanzi nenekelwa kahle etholakala empumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwendlu. Ubuncane be-1 m bushiywe phakathi kwezitshalo noxhaso, kanye no-3 m phakathi kwezithombo.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi nokutshala kwamagilebhisi
Isiko liyawuthanda umhlaba onempilo,-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala, kubalulekile ukulungisa ingxube yenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga amabhakede ama-2 we-humus no-0,5 kg womlotha wokhuni ne-superphosphate. Ingqimba yomhlaba evundile, eyakheka lapho kugaywa umgodi, nayo iyasetshenziswa. Ngaphambi kokufaka zonke izinto emgodini, zixubene kahle.
Amagilebhisi we-GF 342 angatshalwa zombili ekwindla, ngaphambi kweqhwa, kanye nangentwasahlobo. Inqubo inezenzo ezilandelayo:
- Bamba umgodi wokufika.
Ukutshala umgodi wamagilebhisi kufanele kube yi-1 m ukujula ne-0.5 m ububanzi
- Ungqimba lwetshe elichotshoziwe noma ubumba olwandisiwe lithululelwa ezansi ngensimbi engu-10 cm.
Ubumba olwandisiwe noma itshe elichotshoziwe lithululelwa emgodini wokufika njengokudonsa
- Umgodi ugcwele inhlabathi evundile elungiselelwe.
- Faka isikhonkwane sokusekela nepayipi lepulasitiki lokunisela.
Kufakwa ipayipi emgodini wokutshala, ozosetshenziselwa ukunisela isihlahla
- Isithombo sifakwa emgodini, ngokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo uhlelo lwezimpande, olufafazwe nomhlaba, olunamakhaza futhi oluniselwe.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iyahlanganiswa futhi isivuno sinqanyulwe.
Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi ezungeze amagilebhisi ifakiwe futhi isitshalo sinqunywa emehlweni ama-2
I-Mulching ivimbela ukukhula kokhula futhi ivimbele ukuhwamuka ngokushesha komswakama. Njenge-mulch, ungasebenzisa umhlanga, utshani, umquba, umquba.
Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani amagilebhisi entwasahlobo
Ungawunakekela kanjani omisiwe
Ngemuva kokutshala izithombo ze-GF 342, ukunakekelwa kwehla kokunisela okujwayelekile, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukugqoka okuphezulu nokwelashwa kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezifo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Entwasahlobo nasengxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo, isiko lidinga umsoco owengeziwe oqukethe umanyolo we-nitrogen. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-organics, hhayi umanyolo wamaminerali kuphela. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, kunconywa ukuthi uphathe amahlathi ngenqubo eyengeziwe yezimpande usebenzisa i-plantofol eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze izithelo zakheke ngokujwayelekile, engxenyeni yesibili yenkathi yehlobo, ukondla nge-phosphorus ne-potassium kuyadingeka, futhi umsoco we-nitrogen umisiwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amagilebhisi acutshungulwa ngokusho kweqabunga, ngokwesibonelo, ne-Zavyaz yokulungiselela. Abanye abaxhasi beviniga basebenzisa i-gibberellin, eyi-biostimulant esebenza kakhulu, ukwandisa ukuxubha kwamabhulashi nokukhulisa izithelo.
Entwasahlobo, amagilebhisi adinga ukugqokwa phezulu ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangesikhathi sawo, kanye ehlobo ukuze kwakheke amajikijolo ajwayelekile
Ukunisela
Ukunisela ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ehlobo. Isimo sezulu esishisayo, amakhasi aniselwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3. Umthamo wamanzi uncike kakhulu kuhlobo lomhlabathi: ku-chernozem, kokukhipha kufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-30% kunasemhlabathini enesihlabathi. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa, kuyadingeka ukuthulula amalitha amanzi ayi-15. Ngaphambi kokuvunwa, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube kanye ngesonto.
Ukunisela amagilebhisi kuvame ukwenziwa ngamapayipi akhethekile, kepha ukunisela ngokudonswa kubhekwa njengeyona ndlela engcono.
Izihlahla
Ehlelweni lokwakha izihlahla zamagilebhisi zaseKishmish 342, kwenziwa izihlahla eziphakathi kwezi-6 noma izithombo ezingama-10. Ehlobo, ama-stepons kanye namahlumela enza ukuqina kwesihlahla kumele kususwe, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo zithambekele ekwandeni. Ngokuthwebula okukodwa, ungashiyi amabhulashi angaphezu kuka-1-2. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amajikijolo azoba amancane.
Ividiyo: ungasakha kanjani isixhumanisi sezithelo
Shelter ebusika
Uma amagilebhisi atshalwe ekwindla, khona-ke ibhodlela lepulasitiki (5 l) eline-cut cut lingasetshenziswa ukuvikela ebandayo ebusika. Isithombo siyaniselwa, simbozwe ngendwangu futhi sawdust ithululelwa ngentamo. Bese ukhafulela ukhokho bese ukhipha ibhodlela. Yenza inqubo esomile naselangeni, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla laya ku + 3-4 + C. Ngaphansi kwalesi sikhoselo, izithombo zakho zizobusika ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, amagatsha e-spruce noma kaphayini asetshenziselwa indawo yokukhosela. Ziboshwe emvinini zizungeze amagilebhisi, umvini ugobile ngaphezulu, ngemuva kokuthenwa. Isihlahla simbozwe ngamagatsha nefilimu yepulasitiki, siyicindezela kancane eceleni komphetho.
Isihlahla simbozwa ngamagatsha lapho izinga lokushisa lehla laya ku-0 ° C
Ukufudumala kwamagilebhisi kubalulekile ukuze uvikele hhayi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kepha emahlukeni awo, kanye naku-icing yohlelo lwezimpande. Ishelter ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine isihlahla sisesimweni esomile.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iKishmish 342 ithathwa njengemelana nezifo, iningi labathengisi bewayini lisayiphatha nge-fungicides. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwezihlahla eziyikhulu. Ngemuva kokuthena, udinga ukuhlola izihlahla zokutheleleka ngezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izitshalo zidinga ukunwetshwa njalo.
Ngentwasahlobo, izitshalo ziphathwa nge-Bordeaux ketshezi, noma ngemikhiqizo ekhethekile yemvelo, efana neFitosporin, Trichodermin, Actofit
Ngaphezu kwezifo, izinambuzane zivame ukulinyazwa yisiko. Amajikijolo amnandi waseKungmish waseHungary adonsela ukunakekela iminyovu. Ukuze uvikeleke ezinambuzaneni, amahlumela abekwa emasakeni anezikhala noma asongwe nge-gauze. Izinhlobonhlobo ezingaphansi kokucutshungulwa nazo zingalinyazwa ngamaqabunga, ama-mabhungane we-mabhungane, izibungu zesicabucabu. Imikhaza ibeka amaqanda enhlabathini eduze nezimpande bese igxila esihlahleni samagilebhisi ngewebhu, okuholela ekwakhekeni kokukhubazeka, futhi esimweni esibi kakhulu, ukufa kwesihlahla. Uma kutholakala isidumbu, kuthathwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (BI -58, Actellik, Omayt, Fufanon).
Ungabona umkhaza kumagilebhisi ngokuba khona kwamabala amnyama ngemuva kweqabunga.
Uvemvane lwendlu ngokwayo ayiyingozi yamagilebhisi, kodwa amacimbi awo alimaza amaqabunga, izingxenye zomvini namajikijolo. Uma ungaphenduli ngesikhathi ngokuvela kwezinambuzane, ukulahleka kwesivini kungenzeka ngo-75-90%. Ukuvimbela kwenziwa ngu-Confidor, Decis, Fufanon. Ubhungane ovuthiwe awulimazi, kepha izibungu zawo zilimaza isiqu, zidla izicubu. Ukuvela kwesilonda kungahlulelwa yisifo sesihlahla ngaphandle kwesizathu. Njengezindlela zokulawula, baphendukela ekwelashweni kwenhlabathi ngama-insecticides Diazin, i-Grom-2, iBazudin ngokujula kwama-cm cm.
Ibhabhathane Butterfly alinangozi, kepha isibungu silimaza amaqabunga, izingxenye zomvini namajikijolo
Ukuzala
Kishmish 342 okusakazwayo:
- ukuhlelwa;
- izibazi;
- ukusika.
Indlela ene-layering isetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba umsele eduze kwesihlahla kuze kufike ku-0,5 m ukujula, engeza izakhi zomzimba ngenkathi sokutshala, emva kwalokho zigobisa umvini waminyaka yonke kusuka ezansi kwesitshalo, uwufafaze ngenhlabathi. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyenziwa. Uma amahlumela aqhuma, khona-ke esikhathini esizayo angatshalwa njengamabhishi ahlukile.
Ngaphezulu komhlaba, udinga ukushiya izihloko ezimbalwa kuphela zamahlumela ezinamaqabunga namaphuzu wokukhula
Indlela yokusabalalisa umuthi wokugomela ukufakwa kwezihlahla ezisikiwe emvinini omdala. Kunconywe ukukhetha isihlahla somama esivikela izifo. Isithombo esihlanganisiwe sifakwa emfantwini esiqwini sikamama, emva kwalokho sihlanganiswa ngoqweqwe lwapulasitiki. Impumelelo yomcimbi incike kwikhwalithi yesitoko, okungukuthi, isihlahla okwenziwa kuso ukugoma.
Ukusakazwa kwamagilebhisi ngokugoma kwenziwa ngokubeka i-scion endaweni yokuqhekeka esiqwini somama (isiphunzi)
Uma ukusikwa kukhethwa, bese kuvunwa kusuka ekwindla. Ukusika okwenziwe nge-engela ka-45˚, okuthi emva kwalokho iphathwe ngesixazululo se-iron sulfate, bese ukubekwa kwezimpawu kwenziwe ngoFebhuwari - Mashi. Izinto zokutshala kumele zibe sezingeni elifanele: ukusika okuluhlaza kanye namehlo, amagxolo ansundu. Ngemuva kokukhethwa kwezilimo, zishutheka ku-potanganum permanganate, bese zisemanzini noju.
Entwasahlobo, ukusikwa kweKishmish 342 kutshalwa ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe pre, ngokwesibonelo, emabhodleleni epulasitiki
Ngemuva kwalokho impahla itshalwe ezitsheni ezinobukhulu obufanele, ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa okudingekayo: ukuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile, kukhulula inhlabathi, kunciphise futhi kususe ama-inflorescence. Ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile, izithombo ziyacinywa, zona zidluliselwe umoya omusha.
Ividiyo: ukubekwa kwamagilebhisi
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
IKishmish 342 itshalwe yi-cutout egxilile ngo-2006, ayizange ibone ukubekwa endaweni engapheli futhi yaqhubeka nokukhula. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zaseningizimu, wasabela kakhulu emanzini ami aphambili nawasemanzini aseduze - ihlumela lakhe ehlobo lokuqala lakhula ngamamitha ayi-3.5 futhi lalinzima impela. Ngiwunqume ngaphambi kwendawo yokukhosela, ngishiya amamitha ayi-1.5. Entwasahlobo, kwenzeka ukuthi umvini uqedwe kabusha nge-1 imitha, okungukuthi, ehlobo eledlule umvini uvuthwe nge-1 imitha. Ehlobo lika-2007, ngazama ukwakha i-cordon futhi ngashiya ama-buds ama-3 kulomvini: i-1 ebangeni elingama-60 cm ukusuka kwisisekelo, 2nd ngo-30 cm ukusuka kowokuqala nowesi-3 ekugcineni komvini ukuze uwandise. Lezi amahlumela amathathu amasha ayelukhulu ngisho nangokwengeziwe, agwedla cishe amamitha ayi-5, yize ngizama ukungondli amagilebhisi nge-nitrogen. Kulonyaka isivuno sokuqala sasilindile, kepha isithwathwa sentwasahlobo sawabhubhisa ngokuphelele amahlumela ngama-inflorescence, naphezu nendawo yokuhlala neLutrasil-60. Ngakho-ke, ngazama amajikijolo okuqala kishmish wami asevele esihlahleni esikhula kusuka ezinso zesibili. Isixha sasisodwa, sincane, kepha amajikijolo makhulu impela, amnandi futhi angenazimpawu. Ngikhulisa iKishmish 342 ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-5 ukusuka endlini yengadi, ohlangothini oluseningizimu, endaweni evulekile. Entwasahlobo ngivula ekuseni, lapho nje iqhwa selincibilika kule ndawo. Ngabeka ama-arcs futhi ngidlulisa i-lutrasil-60 ngawo, engigcina ngawo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngikhosela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba: Ngisika imivini, ngabeka umnyama we-lutrasil emhlabathini, ngabeka umvini oboshwe kuwo. Ngifafaza uLutrasil-60 phezulu ezingxenyeni ezimbili bese ngiyimboza ngefilimu ebamba ukushisa ngaphezulu. Ukuze yome ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela, ishiya ifilimu emaphethelweni ingacindezelwe phansi. Ngifafaza amagatsha ngaphezulu kwefilimu kusuka ezihlahleni zokuthena izihlahla nezihlahla, ngoba kwesinye isikhathi kunomoya onamandla kakhulu osusa noma yikuphi okokukhosela, noma ngabe enziwa ngokucophelela kangakanani.
UMarina//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=42
Izithelo zomdiliya eziningana zatshalwa kulelicebo, kodwa ksh. 342 ungowokuqala. Izithelo ezikhiqizayo zihlala zikhiqiza kakhulu. Ama-berry mancane kepha amnandi. Kepha uma uyithatha njengeyokuqala, kungcono kithi okwangoku.
ntombazanyana//new.rusvinograd.ru/viewtopic.php?t=257&start=20
... I-G-342 kishmish ayinazinkinga ezivinini zomuntu uqobo: ihlala inwebeka kalula umthwalo ohlongozwayo, umvini uvuthwa kusenesikhathi kanye nobude bonke, umelana kahle nezifo, ngokunembile, awunaso isikhathi sokuwuthola ngenxa yesikhathi sokuvuthwa kakhulu kakhulu. Lokho nje amajikijolo amancane, kepha kuwo ushukela usuvele udlulile. Lomdiliya uzilungele wona uqobo, kepha kuyingozi ukusitshala ezindaweni eziningi: ama-berry awonakele ngamanani amakhulu.
UFursa Irina Ivanovna//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=26.0
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala amagilebhisi ngokunambitheka okuhle kwesakhiwo sakho, khona-ke unganikeza ngokuphephile i-Kishmish yesiHungary. Le nhlobonhlobo ayizethembisi, futhi udinga ukukhetha indawo enhle kuphela yesihlahla futhi unikeze ukunakekelwa okuncane. Ukuthola izithelo ezihlwabusayo futhi ezimnandi akunzima.
