Terpkaya autumn beauty - eliphakathi kwe "Karataevskaya"

Amaphilisi amancane ahlanzekile "aKaratayevsky" ahlelwe esikhathini esidlule ematafuleni abahlali behlobo nabalimi.

Izithelo ezincane ezithandekayo nezomuncu nazo zathandeka kokubili abadala nabantwana.

Futhi namhlanje sizoxoxa ngokuthi hlobo luni oluhlukile, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani lesi sihlahla, ukuze luqhubeke lujabulisa wena hhayi nje kuphela ngamapheya amahle anombala ophuzi, kodwa nangomqhele omuhle nokuvunwa okuhle.

Uhlobo luni?

I-pear Karataev aphathe izinhlobo zakuqala zekwindla. Izithelo zilungele ukusetshenziswa phakathi no-Septhemba, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokho impilo yabo yeshefu imfushane kakhulu. Futhi kudinga i-microclimate ekhethekile ukulondoloza ukunambitheka kanye nezimfanelo zangaphandle.

Ripe "Karatayevskaya" ikhasi elilodwa ngaphandle kwezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa kungaphanga emavikini amabili. Nokho, esiqandisini impilo yesithelo ingahlala. kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili.

Lokhu kuhluka kungokwama-pears e-dessert.

Izinhlobo ze-autumn ze-autumn nazo zihlanganisa: Tatyana, Talgar ubuhle, i-Uralochka, i-Otradnenskaya neThumbelina.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Pear "Karatayevskaya" yavela ngo-1971 ngokusebenzisa ukuzalanisa, okwakhiqiza ososayensi U-Kalinina I.P., uKarataeva E.P. kanye no-Puchkin I.A.

Basebenza base I-NIIS ibizwa ngokuthi i-Lisavenko (Isimo Scientific Institution Research Institute of Horticulture eSiberia esibizwa nge-MA Lisavenko). I-hybrid eyamukelwe izilingo zombuso yathunyelwa ngo-1998. Kufakwe kwiRejista Yombuso yesifunda sase-East-Siberia futhi ithunyelwe ngo-2012.

Ipeyari yahlushwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa umbala wezinhlobonhlobo "Umzukulu wePollen" nge "Dessert". Futhi i-hybrid eyabangela ngokuphelele ihlanganisa izinhlangothi ezinhle kunazo zonke zezihlahla zezithelo.

Pear "Karataevskaya": incazelo ezihlukahlukene nezithombe

Leli phepha lilapha izihlahla zezithelo eziphakathiukuphakama kwawo (kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu ziboshwe) ziyahlukahluka kusuka kumamitha amabili ukuya kwangu-4.
Isakhiwo esifanayo samahlumela sibangelwa ukuthuthukiswa okubuthakathaka kwezinqubo ze-lateral nezifihlekile (zineziqondiso ze-angular nesakhiwo esakhiwe ngesakhi).

Amaqabunga ane-elitated (ovoid) enhle ehlelekile emaphethelweni aphethwe kahle. Umbala wabo ubuhlaza obumnyama, kanti ubukhulu bubuningi.

Amahlumela amancane angashadile, aqoshiwe emashumini abomvu nalabo abomvu, ngeshidi, edala umphumela ohlangothini oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekugcineni kwamagatsha, adinga ukusika izihlahla ukuze umuthi ungatholi isakhiwo esifana nesifuba.

Izithelo zinombala ophuzi-obomvu, obomvu onemibala ebomvu-streaky. Uhlobo lwe-pear luyindilinga: ububanzi esisekelweni ngomsila omfushane. Isiqu sesincane futhi sinomnyama.

Izindleko zesisindo kusuka kuma-80 kuya kwangu-120 amagremu. Yiba nokukhanya okwenziwe ukunambitheka okumuncu ngamanothi abukhali obukhali.

Ukungafani kwe-pulp kuyinkimbinkimbi, kukhulu kakhulu, umthunzi wendlovu. Izithelo zimanzi, zichotshoza nge-aftertaste emnandi.

Imbewu ihlelwa ngamakhemikhali e-oval avaliwe. Ziyingcosana, zibomvu ezikhanyayo zimibalabala futhi zenziwe phansi.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamapheya nazo zingaziqhenya kakhulu: Duchess, Bere Bosk, Bere Russkaya, uJanuwari noFebhu.

Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo futhi ubone amapheya "Karataevskaya" ungabona esithombeni ngezansi:

Izici

"Karataevskaya" eliphakathi kwe izithelo ngokulinganisela, kodwa njalo. Kuye ngezimo (izinga lomhlabathi, ukuchelela kanye nezimo zokushisa) lapho umuthi ukhula khona, ungasuswa kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-45 kilogram yezithelo (isivuno esiphezulu sika 9.3 t / ha).

KUBALULEKILE: Naphezu kokuthi le hybrid yavulwa eSiberia, ayinayo ukumelana kahle kwamaqhwa. Futhi ikhula kahle ngesimo sezulu esithambile. Kanti futhi "Karatayevskaya" ikhasi elibucayi kakhulu ekuntulekeni umswakama. Lo muthi udinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.

Leli banga ayidingi ukufika kwe-pollinator eyengeziwe. Izimbali zakhe zithandana nabesifazane. Ukuvuna kuqala ngonyaka wesine noma wesihlanu wokuphila.

Izithelo zivuthwe kusukela ngo-12 kuya ku-18 kuSepthemba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bangaqala ukuqoqa nokugcina isitoreji endaweni epholile.

URogneda, uRossoshanskaya omuhle, uSverdlovchanka, Chudesnitsa, uTonkovka noSeveryanka banesimo esihle sokushisa kwamaqhwa.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Uma utshala imbewu ephakathi kwe-pear, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ukuthi isitshalo esithandayo ukushisa, bese uzama ukuyibeka endaweni encane kakhulu enezinhlungu.

Okufanelekile, kufanele kuzinqunywe ngokufika kakhulu eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kufana kahle uma le ndawo inakho ukuvikelwa okunye emoyeni (kungaba khona ucingo noma udonga eduze kwendlu).

Izinhlobo ze-pear "i-Karataevskaya" isikhala samahhala esiphakathi kwe-sapling kanye nezinye izihlahla kuyoba ngamamitha angu-4-7.

Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi leli peyari lithole inani elidingekile lezakhi zomhlabathi futhi ligweme izimpande ngokufaka izimpande ngezinye izihlahla ngengozi, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ukuhlaselwa komunye nomunye.

KUBALULEKILE: Uma umuthi omdala noma oshonile usanda kususwa engadini, khona-ke isiflethi kufanele itshalwe ngqo kule ndawo. Ukukhula okuhle nokulula okulula kokuphakathi kwamapheya amancane kuqinisekisiwe.

Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala ukulungiselela inhlabathi. Okufanelekile kwepayari medium-sandy medium.

Kodwa ukukhula okuhle kanye nokuvuna okulandelayo kuzohlinzeka ngenhlabathi emnyama, emhlophe nangomdaka. Umhlaba kufanele uphuziwe ngokuphelele, ukhululiwe futhi ujojowe nge-trophy ukuze "uphefumule".

Usayizi wesipaki kufanele ube ububanzi bemitha nobubanzi bomitha, futhi, futhi, kufanele ibekwe phansi umhlabathi ohlanganiswe ne-peat futhi uhlolwe ngama-18-21 kilogremu omquba.

Ukuze ipulazi libe nelinye isikhathi lokukhula, likhule futhi likhule ngamandla ngaphambi kokushisa kwemvula ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuba utshale ikhasi "Karataevskaya" entwasahlobo. Noma kunjalo, umgodi wokutshala kufanele ulungiswe ekwindla. Lapho ukufika emhlabathini akufanele kube izindawo ezibandisiwe.

Uma ukufika kuzokuwa, khona-ke bemba imbobo kusengaphambili, emasontweni amathathu.

UKUKHONA: Ungalimi ithini eliphakathi kwezinyoni ngesikhathi semvula ende! Uma kungenjalo, uhlelo lwempande lungabola. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo izimpande ezomile zidinga ukubamba isikhathi esithile emanzini ukuze zivuselele. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukusinda kwesithombo.

Lapho ufika i-pepper ye-garter ifakwe emgodini emthini. Kumele ibekwe eceleni, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi akuphazamisi ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwepeyari. Emva kokutshala, imbewu kufanele ichithe ngamabhakede amabili amanzi bese iphoqa ngokucophelela emgodini.

Ukunisela "i-Karataevskaya" ithanga eliphakathi konyaka wokuqala wokuphila lifanelekile Izikhathi eziningana 4-5 ngonyaka ngamunye (2-3 amabhakede). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi ovuthiwe kufanele uphuze izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngezikhathi ezithile ngemvula.

Ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala, isiqu kufanele senziwe mhlophe futhi inhlabathi kufanele ikhule. Lezi zenzo kumele zenziwe phakathi kwentwasahlobo (ekuqaleni-phakathi kuka-Mashi). Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanelekile ukuguqula umuthi bese ubeka umqhele we-branched.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I hybrid "Karataevskaya" eliphakathi kwe ukumelana okuhle nezifo ze-fungal.

Uphawu olufanayo luhlukile: Lyra, Ilyinka, Carmen, Vernaya noNoyabrskaya.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokutheleleka ezithandwayo:

1. I-Black Cancer (noma i- "Antonov Fire")
2. //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html

Umdlavuza omnyama ngaphansi kwazo zonke izingxenye zomuthi ngaphandle kwezimpande.

Amagatsha kanye ne-trunk bahlanganiswa ngamanxeba, okukhulisa, kancane kancane abhubhise umuthi.

Amaqabunga awela, kanti izithelo zihlanganiswa nokubola okumnyama, okukhukhulayo nokukhipha imithi.

KUBALULEKILE: Umdlavuza omnyama kufanele uphathwe ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Ukuvela ezindaweni ezinombala obomvu nokunsundu kumele kususwe, kufakwe ngamasentimitha amabili enkuni enempilo nxazonke. Izigaba ezitholakalayo kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha ngesisombululo se-sulphate yethusi.

Scab, uma kungakhanjelwa ngokushesha, kungalimaza ikhasi. Njengokwesikhashana esidlule, lesi sifo singagubha isiqu, amahlumela, amaqabunga, amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo.

Konke lokhu kungakha amabala amancane (kusuka ku-2-3 mm kuya ku-2 cm), okuzokhula kancane futhi kwande. Izithelo zitholakala kalula: zikhuni, ziqhekekile futhi zincane kakhulu.

Ukufeza kokubili ukwelapha okuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwepeyari nomhlaba ozungezile ngesisombululo se-7% se-urea ne-Bordeaux ingxube. Izindawo ezithintekile zesihlahla ziyadingeka isusiwe futhi ishiswa.

Futhi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwanoma yiziphi izifo ezinamapheya, kubalulekile ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga awilekile njalo ekwindla.

Njengoba kungabi nje kuphela abathwali bokutheleleka kwegciwane, kodwa futhi ukuheha izinambuzane ezingabangela ukuba isihlahla singalimazi.

Izitha eziyinhloko ze-"Karatayevsky" hybrid ziyoba:

1. I-aphid eluhlaza.
2. I-pear sucker noma i-leafblock.
3. I-Pear mite
4. Listovertka.

Ngokumelene nalezi zinambuzane ukusifiphaza kusetshenziswa. Kunezinqwaba zamalungiselelo zanamuhla ezihloswe ekubhujisweni nasezinhlungwini zezinambuzane, kodwa kunezindlela zokupheka ezithandwayo eziye zakwazi ukuzakhela ngaphezu kwamakhulu eminyaka.

Kusuka I-aphid eluhlaza okungcono kusiza isisombululo sensipho.

I-Larvae ama-slabs ubulala uthuli ugwayi, i-decoction ye-yarrow noma i-chamomile yemithi.

Ngokuba i-pear mite Isixazululo esibulalayo se-sulfur colloidal.

Against uhlu lwamagama Ungasebenzisa u-anyanisi ophuzi noma u-garlic brew.

Ekuphetheni, ngingathanda ukusho ukuthi i-pearl "Karataevskaya" iyisampula emangalisayo ye-hybrids eyakhiwe, eyakwazi ukuziveza njengesithelo esihlwabusayo, esinamanzi, esiphunga eligcwele amavithamini nezinsimbi ezincane, futhi njengomuthi omuhle kakhulu onakekela kahle amehlo futhi ugcobe noma iyiphi i-cottage ehlobo isakhiwo.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nekhanda lezinhlobo ze "Karataevsk".