Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe besimanje bendawo yokulima buya ngokuya kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Akukho okunye ukuphathwa kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa kwezinhlobo ezifuywayo zezinkomo. Ubuchwepheshe bendlu yamahhala yezinkomo yinye yezinyathelo ezivame kakhulu ukukhulisa izinkomo zokuzalanisa. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezimboni ezincane nezinkulu zemfuyo, akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngempumelelo uhlelo olunjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, izilwane azigcini nje ngokucindezeleka okuningi, kodwa futhi zilahlekelwa umkhiqizo wazo. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe emigomeni eyisisekelo yezinkomo zokugcina mahhala, kanye nokuchaza izici zenhlangano yesistimu ezimweni zanamuhla.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi kokuqukethwe kwamahhala
Naphezu kokusebenza kahle nokuningi okuhle, abantu abambalwa ababhekela ukugcinwa kwemfuyo mahhala. Phakathi kwabalimi kunezinhlobo eziningi zokungazi ukuthi zithinta ngqo ukusabalala kobuchwepheshe. 
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhetha le ndlela yokugcina izinkomo okudingayo ukuze ujwayele hhayi nje ngezinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa futhi nezinzuzo eziyinhloko.
Uyazi? Indlela yokwenza izinkomo zamahhala mahhala yayisetshenziswe ngokuyisimanga ngasekupheleni kwe-60s - ekuqaleni kwe-70s yekhulu lama-20. e-United States nase-USSR.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinkomo zezindlu zamahhala:
- ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi basepulazini;
- kunciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezilwane;
- ikuvumela ukuba uguqule wonke umsebenzi;
- Izinkabi azidingi ukudlala ezindaweni eziningi;
- uhlelo lukuvumela ukuba ukwandise umkhiqizo wezilwane ngezikhathi ezithile;
- izilwane zidinga inombolo encane yabasebenzi okufanele banakekele;
- nokuhamba ngokukhululekile kwemfuyo nsuku zonke kuthola umsebenzi odingekayo womzimba;
- kusiza ukwandisa impilo yonke kanye nokuzivikela kwezinkomo.
Inokuqukethwe mahhala nokungalungile, okokuqala, lokhu kufaka:
- Imfuyo yamahhala inikeza izindleko ezengeziwe kwizinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezilwane ezizenzakalelayo;
- ukungabi nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe;
- uhlelo luqeda ukulungiswa komuntu ngamunye kokudla kwesilwane ngasinye;
- Kungase kube khona izingxabano emhlambini phakathi kwabantu;
- Ukugcinwa kwezinkomo kudinga insizakalo yezoo-yezilwane ezifanele kakhulu;
- ngezobuchwepheshe obungavamile, isidingo sesilwane sokondla senyuke ngo-7-10%, ngokungafani nendlela yokulondeka yokugcina.
Ilungiselela ukuguqula kokuqukethwe okuxekethile
Ukuguqulwa kokugcinwa kwamahhala kwemfuyo enqolobaneni kuyindlela enhle kakhulu. Igumbi lokugcina izinkomo kufanele lihlome izakhiwo ezifanele, kanye nezinyathelo ezidingekayo zezobuchwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa kahle kwezilwane.
Izigaba eziyinhloko zokulungiselela ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwepulazi kuya ezindlini zamahhala ezikhululekile:
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ngalesi sigaba, ochwepheshe bezilwane, abaphathi, abaqhubi bemishini yomshini kanye nezinye izisebenzi bafundiswa kahle ezimisweni eziyisisekelo kanye nezici eziyinhloko zesistimu. Uma kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe imishini yekhompuyutha eyinkimbinkimbi, abasebenzi basebenzisa izifundo ezifanele ekuqeqeshweni emsebenzini ngezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, uma ukuqeqeshwa okunjalo kuzosekelwa izigigaba kumabhizinisi ahlobene, lapho le ndlela isivele isetshenziswa khona. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubaqhubi bemishini yokukhwela, ngoba inqubo yokubambisana nokugcinwa kwamahhala kwemfuyo inokuhlukana okuphawulekayo kokubambisana nokuqukethwe okufakiwe.
- Ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi. Le nqubo isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Le nqubo yenza kube lula ukucacisa yonke imininingwane yokwakhiwa kabusha kwesakhiwo semfuyo, kanye nezinsiza ezidingekayo zobuchwepheshe kulokhu, kuhlanganise nokusebenza kwemisebenzi emisha.
- Ukuvuselelwa kwesikhala esitholakalayo. Amaqembu okwakhiwa okhethekile enza ngcono, ukufakwa kwezinhlelo ezizenzekelayo zokunakekela izinkomo nokuthunyelwa komgodla nazo zonke izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ezifanele.
- Ukulungiselela izilwane. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukuhlunga ngokucophelela imfuyo ngocansi, ubudala nobufanane (ubukhulu bomzimba). Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umhlambi uhlolisiswa ngokucophelela ngokutholakala kwezifo ezithathelwanayo (isifo sofuba, i-brucellosis, njll) nezinye izifo, iziguli ziyanqatshwa, abantu abanempilo banikezwa ukugonywa nokuvimbela ukuvimbela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane ngasinye ukugwema ukulimala komunye nomunye, qiniseka ukuthi unciphisa izimpondo (3 cm noma ngaphezulu).
Izincomo eziyinhloko kubalimi uma beguqula epulazini ukuze bakhulule ukugcina:- Izitshalo kumele zifundiswe kusuka esitokisini esincane, lokhu kuzoba yisifundo esihle kakhulu kubantu abadala, abadala kumele bafundiswe. Lokhu kuzosiza hhayi kuphela ngempumelelo, kodwa futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka nezilwane ezijwayele ukujwayela izimo ezintsha;
- izilwane emgodini omusha kufanele zivunyelwe kancane kancane, ngamaqembu amancane abantu abayishumi nambili;
- Ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka ngokweqile, izinkomo kufanele zenze okokuqala ngqa ziqinisekise ukuthi kabili inani lembiza kanye nesondlo esitholakalayo;
- ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezinkomo, kubalulekile ukufaka ukwahlukana okwesikhashana kwekhebula elithambile noma amapulangwe phakathi kwamabhokisi amabili;
- Kungcono ukugcina izinkomo zomnyaka ofanayo, lokhu kuzokusiza ukugwema izingxabano ezimbi phakathi kwabantu, kanye nokulwa endaweni emhlambini;
- yonke imishini kumele ihlolwe, ukungalingani emsebenzini wezobunjiniyela kungaphazamisa ukukhiqiza kwemfuyo.
Kubalulekile! Abantu abanobudlova nabangaphandle bakudinga ukususwa emgodini, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoholela ekunakekeleni nokulondeka okunzima kakhulu.
Izici zenhlangano
Ukuze ukhiqize ukukhiqizwa okungenakathintwa kwemikhiqizo yezinkomo eziphakeme, akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi kutholakale ukutholakala kwemfuyo ngesikhathi esifanele, kodwa futhi ukudala izimo ezihle zokuphila kwezilwane. 
Kuze kube sekugcineni, esimweni sokuklanywa kwesakhiwo sepulazi, kubalulekile ukucabangela zonke izidingo zokuhlanzeka kwezokuhlanza nezokuthuthukiswa ezifakwe phambili nguhlaka lwezomthetho wamanje. Uma kungenjalo, amandla nemali esetshenzisiwe iyoba yimfucumfucu engenzi lutho, okuzoholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu.
Izinga lomkhakha
Ukubala ngokucophelela kwendawo edingekayo kungenye yezici eziyinhloko ezihlinzeka izimo ezikhululekile zezinkomo. Ukweqa ngokweqile ipulazi kuyathinteka kakhulu impilo yezinkomo, njengoba izilwane ziyobhekana nokukhathazeka okukhulu, futhi lokhu kuyindlela eqondile yokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zokugcina.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze unikeze imfuyo ngezimo ezilula zokuhlala, kubalulekile ukuhlinzekela:
- ukuze amathole afike ezinyangeni eziyi-10 ubudala - 2.5 square metres / ngabanye;
- ngamathole aneminyaka yobudala engu-1-2 - okungenani amamitha ayizi-square amathathu / umuntu ngamunye;
- ngemfuyo endala eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2 - hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye / umuntu ngamunye.
Uma ilungiselelo lepulazi lihlelwe endaweni ebandayo enyakatho nehlobo elifushane elibandayo, noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomkhawulo wezinkomo zokuhamba, indawo encane yomuntu oyedwa omdala kufanele ibe okungenani ama-square ayi-7.
Kubalulekile! Uma ubala izindinganiso zendawo yokulondoloza imfuyo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lemithamo elisetshenzisiwe.
Ukujwayelekile okufanayo kuyasetshenziswa lapho uhlela amabhokisi ahlukene okugcina izinkomo ngezingane ezincelisayo. Uma uhlela amabhokisi ukuze uthole imfuyo enenhloso, izidingo ezincane zezinkomo zesikhala samahhala zisekelwe kulokhu, kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo engaphansi kuka 3-4 metres / umuntu ngamunye. 
Ukuhlukana kweHerd
Ukwandisa ukusebenza kwepulazi lonke, imfuyo kumele ihlukaniswe. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi emapulazini amaningi ayenqabela ngokuhlukana ukuhlukaniswa kwemfuyo, kodwa lokhu kuphela kunomthelela ekwakheni izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu zokuthola imikhiqizo yekhwalithi.
Lesi sigaba siqala kusengaphambili, emva kokuzalwa kwentsha. Lokhu kwenza ukuba kungenzeki nje kuphela umhlambi ohleliwe, kodwa futhi ukwenza lula ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kwezinkomo, kuhlanganise nokugoma kokuvikela. Kodwa, uma ukwenqatshwa kungenziwanga ngesikhathi, izilwane zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokushesha ngaphambi kokungena egumbini elivamile.
Kulesi simo, izinkomo kufanele zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ezilandelayo eziphilayo:
- izinkomo ezincane zokukhiqiza kanye nezilwane ekuqalisweni;
- izinkomo ezintsha nezinkomo ezikhiqizayo kakhulu;
- abantu abakhulelwe nezinkomo;
- izinkomo ezomile.
Thenga ukuhlwanyela nokufaka insemination
Isitolo sedation kanye ne-insemination sidalwa ngendlela yegumbi elihlukile noma igumbi lesikhashana lokuhlola ukukhiqizwa okungenzeka kwezilwane, kanye nokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwabantu ngabanye. 
Kule ndawo, ukuhlolwa kahle kwezinkomo, kufaka phakathi izilwane eziyinhloko, kwenziwa ukutholakala kwanoma yiziphi izifo noma ezinye izici zomzimba kanye nezici ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwabantu kanye nezindlela zayo zokubeletha.
Kule ndawo, izilwane zivame ukuchitha cishe izinyanga ezingu-4 zokuphila kwazo, emva kwalokho abantu abancane abathintekayo, futhi bonke abanye basatshalaliswa ezindaweni zokuqukethwe okuyinhloko.
Futhi esitolo kukhona ukukhulelwa nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-fetus esibelethweni emavikini okuqala okuphila. Umanyolo ungenziwa kokubili ngokwemvelo nangokwemvelo. Iningi lemfuyo yezilwane isebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa okufakelwayo, okuyinto amabhokisi amancane okusabalalisa adalwe emhlanganweni.
Umnyango wokubeletha
Cishe izinsuku ezingu-10-14 ngaphambi kokuthola, izinkomo ezikhulelwe zidluliselwa esigodini sokubeletha. Isakhiwo esizimele noma isakhiwo esihlukene esakhiwa ngamabhokisi okubeletha, amaqembu kanye nama-postpartum, kanye ne-dispensary yamathole nsuku zonke.
Ebhokisini lokubeletha, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezilwane kanye nesisu sabo kuqhutshwa, kanye nokulungiswa kwezilwane ngokuzalwa okuzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkomo zinikezwa ukudla okuqinisiwe kanye nomoya wokuthula. 
Ngemuva kokubonakala kokuqala, inkomo idluliselwa ekamelweni lokulethwa. Kule ndawo, uchitha cishe izinsuku ezingu-2. Inkonyane esanda kuzalwa isetshenziselwa isikhalazo, lapho ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngudokotela wezilwane, emva kwalokho idluliselwa kanye nomama kwisigaba se-postpartum.
Uyazi? Ukuzalana kwezinkomo njengegatsha lezolimo kuvela esikhathini seNeolithic, kusukela eminyakeni eyi-9 leminyaka BC.Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, umama nenzalo yakhe bathunyelwa esitolo ukuze babuyiselwe emuva futhi baxoshe, kusukela lapho badluliselwa khona endaweni enomphela.
Ukudla
Isici esiyinhloko sendawo yokuhlala yamahhala ngemfuyo ukutholakala kwezilwane kuze kube nesilinganiso esingenamkhawulo sokudla. Lokhu kwenza sikwazi ukwandisa inani lemikhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizo jikelele wezilwane. Kulesi simo, umsebenzi oyinhloko wokondla ukuthola ukukhishwa kwesibisi esiphezulu ngezindleko ezincane zokudla.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinkomo kufanele zenze ukudla okunempilo, kuhlanganise nokudla okuphezulu kuphela nokudla okunomsoco.
Kumele kusekelwe ekudleni okomile kanye nemifino enomsoco, ukugxila okuhlukahlukene (haylage, silage) kungeniswa ezilwaneni ukuthuthukisa ukudla okunomsoco ezilwaneni, kodwa inani lokugqoka okunjalo akufanele lidlule 50% yokudla okuphelele. Isamba sobisi ukukhiqiza sincike ekutheni izinga lokudla okuqoshiwe. 
Ukudla okukhulu kuhlukaniswa ngumzimba wama-ruminants isikhathi eside, okuthinta kabi umsebenzi wokulahlwa, ngakho-ke ukondla kufanele kulungiselelwe ngokucophelela.
Kuyoba usizo kuwe ukwazi ukuthi yini yokudla inkomo yobisi nezinkomo ezomile kufanele zibe khona.
Ukudla okulungiselelwe kahle kufanele kube ngamasayizi alandelayo:
- utshani obunotshani - 3-5 cm;
- i-legumes - 3-5 cm;
- ummbila nemifino - 0.7-1.5 cm
Ukukhuliswa kwemfuyo kwenziwa ngokugcwele, ezindaweni zokuhamba, lapha ukudla futhi kugcinwe isitoreji esifushane. Uma kunokwenzeka, izinkomo zinikezwa uhlelo lokunikezela ngokuphakelayo, kepha ngokuvamile ukondliwa unikezwa izilwane ngesandla, ku-feeders okumile.
Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zokuvuselelwa kabusha kwepulazi kanye nezakhiwo. Iziphakeli zigcwaliswa ngokudla okusha njengoba kudliwe, kodwa okungenani izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 ngosuku. Inani lemfuyo edingekayo yilowo nalowo kumuntu ngamunye, kodwa isisindo sayo esomile ngosuku kufanele silingane no-3-4% wesisindo esiphezulu sabantu.
Kubalulekile! Emva kokudla, abahlinzeki kumele bahlanzwe ukudla okudala, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubola izinsalela ezixubene nokudla okusha kungabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwegciwane lokugaya emfuyweni.
Izinkomo zokubamba
Ukubamba izinkomo kwenzeka ebhokisini elihlomile ngokukhethekile, okubizwa ngokuthi i-workshop yokukhiqiza ubisi. Yonke imfuyo ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu 3-4 ngokukhiqiza kwabantu ngabanye. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza jikelele. 
Ukwethulwa komuntu omusha eqenjini lokubamba kunomthelela omubi ekukhiqizeni izinkomo, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukushintshanisa izilwane phakathi kwamaqembu okuxosha. Kodwa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwepulazi, umhlambi uvame ukuhlanganiswa, kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kuphela phakathi kweqembu elifanayo lezilwane.
Ngamanye amaqembu esitolo sokudoba, amabhokisi wesikhashana adalwe ukugcinwa kwesondlo, lokhu kusiza ukufeza ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo. Ngemva kokuqedwa kwezilwane sekuphelile, badluliselwa esitolo esomile, futhi iqembu elisha liqaliswa esitolo sokukhwabanisa.
Funda ukuthi ubamba kanjani inkomo nokuthi imishini yokudoba ingcono yini izinkomo.
Lapho iqembu elilandelayo liyeka ukuklashwa, izinkomo kufanele zihlolwe ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba kanye nezinye izifo. Izilwane ezigulayo zihlala zodwa ukuze zithole ukwelashwa, ziphilile endaweni ehlukile ukuze ziphumule. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo eqhubekayo nokuvunwa komfaniswano kufinyelelwa.
Ukususwa komquba
Ukususwa komquba emgodini kwenziwa njengoba kuqoqwa. Ukuthuthwa kwemfuyo kususwe ngesistimu yesiteshi somquba nomqoqi wezinyosi. Ngokuvamile, isimiso esinjalo sinamayunithi okuzenzekelayo ahlinzekwa ukuhlanzwa okuzimele komgodla kumanyolo, kodwa ezimweni eziningi kukhishwa ngesandla.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, idluliselwa kuma-conveyors eselula, asusa umfutho ovela kumqoqo wezingulube ngaphandle. Bahlanza uhlelo lokususa umquba ngamafosholo kanye ne-scrapers. 
Uma ugcina izinkomo ezikhungweni ezijulile, umquba ususwe ngosizo lwamatrakta noma abathumeli bamabhakede. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yakha phansi ngendawo ebushelelekile kanye nomthambeka ongaphezulu kuka-0.5%. Inqubo yenziwa isikhathi 1 ngenyanga, ngoba lesi silwane sidluliselwa ezindlini zesikhashana.
Izinkomo zokuhlala ezihlanzekile ezingcolile
Ukuhlala embhedeni ojulile kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokugcina ubisi nenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi. Uhlelo olunjalo luhlinzekela izindleko zansuku zonke, kodwa inzuzo enkulu kakhulu yisidingo sabasebenzi abancane ukugcina izilwane.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokusetha uhlelo epulazini lakho siqu, udinga ukujwayele ukuqonda okuyinhloko.
Izidingo zeSanitary nezilwane zezilwane
Imfuneko esemqoka yokuhlanzeka kwezilwane kanye nezilwane lapho ugcina izinkomo ematheni ajulile ukufaka isisekelo esingavumelani ne-excreta. Kuze kube sekugcineni, izitezi ezisemgodini zenziwe ngezakhiwo ezikhonjiwe ezikhonkolo nokuphikiswa okuphezulu.
Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuqoqa emgodini cishe noma yiliphi inani lomquba isikhathi eside. Isikhala senqolobane sihlukaniswe indawo yamahhala kanye nesiteshi somquba, kepha ngokuvamile lokhu kusatshalaliswa kunemibandela kuphela.
Uyazi? Engxenyeni ye-European Union izindlu ezikhungethweyo ezifuywayo ngemfucuza ngenye yezimiso eziyinhloko zokuthola isitifiketi "Imikhiqizo enobungane."
Ukuhlanza indawo yokuhamba kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlambalaza kanye namafosholo engadini ngqo kwisiteshi somquba. Ukuqoqwa komquba emigqeni eminingi. Ukwenza lokhu, ibhola ngalinye lezinhlanzi 10-15 cm ubukhulu limbozwe ngombhede wensimbi noma ufulawa, ukuqinisekisa isimo esihle sokuhlanzeka ekamelweni. 
Ukuhlanza indawo yokuhamba kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu 4-5 ngosuku, isiteshi somquba sihlanzwa njengoba sidingeka, izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngonyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa abathumeli be-othomathikhi noma amathrekhi amancane ngebhakede, izinkomo phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka ezindaweni zokugcina zesikhashana.
Iphansi limbozwe nge-peat, sawdust noma hay echotshoziwe. Замена подстилки проводится по мере необходимости, после устранения фекалий в навозный канал. Суточный расход подстилки для взрослой среднестатистической особи составляет около 3-4 кг в сутки, для телят - около 2,5 кг.
Организация выгула
Ukuhamba ngemfuyo kwenziwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kwegceke elihamba phambili. Inani lezilwane egcekeni lokuhamba lilinganiselwe. Uma abantu abadala behamba, inani lemvelo mahhala lomuntu oyedwa akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-16 sq. M., Uma uhamba ngesitoko esincane, ithole ngalinye kufanele libe okungenani 10 sq. M.
Uma kunesidingo, igceke lokuhamba limbozwe umbhede wepeat, sawdust noma utshani oqoshiwe. Ukuhamba ngezinkomo kuqhutshwa ngamaqembu amancane.
Esigodini sokuhamba, kunesidingo sokuhlomisa abaphakeli bezinto ezivela emhlabeni wonke ukuze uthole ifolda eyomile neyomnandi. Ngotshani kanye netshani egcekeni zakha i-canopy ehlukene ehlanganiswe eduze nomkhawulo wesithintelo. 
Izakhiwo ezinjalo kufanele zihlinzekele ngokugcwele umuntu ngamunye ngokudla, ngakho-ke inkomo ngayinye ku-feeder jikelele kumele ibe okungenani 0.3m isikhala samahhala. Ngama-canopies ne-hay kanye netshani, lesi sibalo kufanele sibe okungenani esingu-0.4 m.
Futhi esetjenteni isethi abaphuza ngabanye, inombolo yabo ixhomeke emkhakheni omkhulu wesibhawulo.
Umthetho oyinhloko wendawo yokuhamba ukuhlanzeka okuphelele. Ukwenza lokhu, i-barrage iqhutshwa nsuku zonke ukuhlanza okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Ngenkathi yenqubo, ziqeda izidakamizwa, ukudla kuhlala, futhi kuphelela indawo ephelele yamanzi okuphuza ngamanzi ahlanzekile, futhi, uma kunesidingo, shintsha indawo yezilwanyana.
Ukuhlanzwa kwegceke lokuhamba lwenziwa ngosizo lwezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza (ama-scrapers ngesandla, amafosholo, njll.), Ezindaweni ezinkulu abasebenzisa amathrekhi amancane noma imishini yokuvuna mini.
Ebusika, isayithi livikelwe ekucwilweni (ukuhlanza kusuka eqhweni, ukuhlanza indawo), lokhu kuvimbela imfuyo ekuwa kwamanzi kanye nokulimala okungenzeka.
Izinqubo zezilwane nezokwelapha
Ukugcinwa kwamahhala kwemfuyo kuhlinzekela ukudala uhlelo oluhle futhi olusebenzayo lokulawulwa kwezilwane kanye ne-zootechnical. Linikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwepulazi lonke, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo yonke namaqembu ayo. 
Uhlelo luhlanganisa imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ngesikhathi sezinkuni ezifile - ukuyeka izinkomo ezingakapheli izinsuku ezingaba ngu-60 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwenzalo, ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwezilwane nge-mastitis, ukuvimbela i-prophylactic ngokumelene ne-colibacillosis, ukwethulwa kwama-premix ama-vitamine ahlose ukuvimbela ukubola kwesibindi kanye ne-ketosis (i-Protamine, i-1 g / umuntu ngamunye ngosuku 8 amasonto ngaphambi kokukhipha kanye no-12 ngemuva kokukhipha, noma i-analog eguquguqukayo);
- ngenkathi ehlalisa - yenza ukuvinjelwa kokuvimbela (i-Prosolvin, kanye nomthamo we-2 ml / umuntu ngamunye, noma i-analog eguquguqukayo), ukusika umama (i-Superphos, ibhodlela elilodwa / umuntu ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, noma i-analog eguquguqukayo), kanye nemisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba (Superbuster, 60 ml / umuntu ngamunye ngosuku nge-analog ngomlomo noma eguquguqukayo);
- esiteji sokuqothula - faka umzimba wezilwane amandla ne-vitamin supplements ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-lactation (noma yikuphi ukhetho lwezilwane);
- ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza - ukulawula izindlu, ama-calving kanye ne-dynamics yemfuyo kanye nokukhiqiza komuntu ngamunye, ukusika izinselo, ukuhlola isidumbu ngemva kokubamba.
Kubalulekile! Izivivinyo zezinkomo ezivimbelayo, izinselo zezinselo kanye nezinye izinqubo zenziwa kuphela emva kokugwedla futhi kuphela ngosizo lwemishini yokugcina izinkomo.
Ukulawula ukusebenza kahle kwe-lactation kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezilwane, amasampula ebisi athathwa nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-10. Ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kuhlaziya okuqukethwe kwayo kwamafutha, amaprotheni okuhlushwa, ukukhiqiza ubisi, njll.
Uma ipulazi lingenalo ithuba lokuhlaziya njalo imikhiqizo, izilinganiso zenziwa kuma laboratories ezikude njalo ngenyanga Ngesisekelo se-data etholakalayo, ukuvuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile emhlambini wezinkomo kanye nokukhwabanisa kwabantu abakhubazekile kwenziwa. 
Ukugcinwa kwamahhala kwezinkomo kuyisimiso sokukhiqiza izinkomo zanamuhla, esinikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nemikhiqizo yemfuyo.
Ukudluliselwa kwisistimu engahlelekile yesondlo kuyinkqubo echitha isikhathi futhi kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwezilwane, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokusungulwa kohlelo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela imfuyo, abasebenzi bokugcina kanye nemishini. Uma kungenjalo, umzamo nemali esetshenzisiwe ngeke kube nomphumela olindelekile.
