Phakathi kwamajikijolo amaningi, indawo ekhethekile ingeyama-currants abomvu. Ucebile ngezakhi zomzimba, leli siko lensimu liyathandeka futhi livulekile. Enye yezinzuzo zayo zokuzalwa kubhekwe njengokuvuthwa kokuqala kwezithelo kanye nokuqina kwesihlahla isikhathi eside. I-currant ebomvu iyatholakala ukuze itshalwe ngisho nangabalimi abaqalayo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene futhi unikeze isitshalo ukunakwa okuncane, ngokulandela izeluleko zabalimi abanolwazi.
Umlando okhulayo
Ngokokuqala ngqa, iRed Early Currant yaqala ukukhula ngo-1963.
Izinhlobo Zasekuqaleni Kudala kudala zithandwa eRussia
Kusukela ngo-1974, lifakiwe kubhaliso Lombuso Lokuzala Impumelelo. Izinhlobonhlobo zanconyelwa ukukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza ezifundeni ezi-4: i-East Siberian, Central, Central Black Earth neVolga-Vyatka. Eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngamashumi amahlanu yomlando, uthole abalandeli abaningi futhi akazange alahlekelwe ukuthandwa.
Izici nezici zezinhlobonhlobo
Isihlahla seRed ekuqaleni kwehluka kancane kubisi elifanayo le-currant ebomvu. Kepha kusenezici ezithile. Nazi eziphambili:
- Isitshalo asiside, njengoba sikhula asibe sikhulu kakhulu. Ukusakazeka kwesihlahla kuhlala kungaphakathi kokujwayelekile. Amahlumela amancane aqhamile phakathi kwamanye amagatsha ngombala obomvu obomvu. Imvamisa ayizinciphisi, ayiwona awugqinsi futhi ayinawo ama-pubescence. Ekhula, athola i-brownish-grey hue, kepha aqhubeke nobukhulu obuphakathi. I-buds emagatsheni itholakala ngokucula. Incane, i-ovoid enephoyinti elikhonjisiwe, ngombala onsundu ngombala, icindezelwa ngothi lwesiqu.
- Isihlahla simbozwe ngamaqabunga agqamile anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Zinamagatsha amathathu noma amahlanu, iziphelo zawo zimbozwe ngamazinyo amancane ngesihloko esimfishane. Ibala phakathi kweqabunga likhulu kune-lateral, flat and lesikhumba. Ingaphezulu limbozwe ngemithambo etholakala ekhoneni kwesokudla kwesisekelo. I-Petiole incane, ibushelelezi. Endaweni yokuxhunyaniswa kwayo neshidi kukhona i-notch eyindilinga.
- Amabhulashi athela izithelo athambile, angafinyelela ku-11 cm. Emifanteni emsundu kukhona izimbali ezincane zesayi-emile. Umbala wamaphalishi uluhlaza okotshani. Izinhlwayi zigobekile ukusuka enkabeni, zitholakala ngokukhululeka.
- Yize amajikijolo ekhula emincane (kusuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-0,11 g), avelile ngokunambitheka okumnandi nombala obomvu okhanyayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngokuxhumaxha ebhulashi, okusho ukwehla kobubanzi bamajikijolo ukusuka kwisisekelo sebhulashi kuya phezulu. Lapho uvuna shiya ukwahlukana okomile. Ngaphakathi amajikijolo kunenombolo encane yama-ovules amancane.
Isitshalo esincane futhi esihlanganisiwe esithela izithelo kahle ngamajikijolo amancane anombala obomvu okhanyayo
Isici
Ukudlondlobala kwama-currants abomvu ngenxa yezimpawu zokuhlukahluka. Lokhu kuyizinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala. Kuyazala, okungukuthi, ayidingi isitshalo esengeziwe sokuvundiswa. Kuboniswa ukumelana okuphezulu kwamafrimu asebusika, ibekezelela ukubanda okuqinile futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside kuya kuma-degrees angama-30.
Izinambuzane nezifo eziningi ezibhekwayo ezibomvu zeRedcurrant azesabeki. Njengoba kuphawuliwe abalimi abakade belima izinhlobonhlobo iminyaka eminingana kusiza, izihlahla azidingi ukucubungula okwengeziwe ukuze zivikeleke. Abasunguli babiza izilonda "ezimbili" kuphela, ezithintwa yi-Early Red - anthracnose kanye ne-powdery hlobo.
Izithelo zokuqala ezibomvu zivuna isivuno esingaphakeme, kuze kube ngu-8 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele esihlahleni esisodwa, ungaqoqa kuze kufike kumakhilogremu ayi-8 amajikijolo. Ngokutshala kwezimboni, ukukhiqiza kuvela kumathani ayi-12 ngehektha nangaphezulu. Amajikijolo abekezelela kahle izinto zokuhamba nokuzigcina. Ngisho nezithelo ezivundile ziyadliwa. Izilimo ezivunwa ngesikhathi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu, ama-compotes, ujamu kanye ne-marmalade. Igcinwe kahle ngesikhathi seqhwa. Abalimi babiza ukubuyisa okukodwa - ukutholakala kwamajikijolo kubhulashi.
Izici Zokufika
I-currant ebomvu ayinqabuli enhlabathini futhi ihamba. Kepha isivuno esiningi singalindelwa kuphela lapho ugqoka kahle.
Okubalulekile: Abalimi kufanele babheke ukuthi amabhulashi athela izithelo akhiwa emaphethelweni okukhula konyaka. Kungakho kudingeka ukuthi asindiswe lapho kutshalwa.
Iminyaka yamagatsha ibhekwa kusukela ngonyaka wokuvela kwawo. Ihlobo lokuqala lokukhula kwabo kungunyaka zero. Ukukhula minyaka yonke kungamahlamvu akhule ehlobo eledlule. Yimithombo eyinhloko yokwakheka kwezilimo, embozwe ngamakhekhe ngamajikijolo. Isikhathi sokuzala sisuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweli-6. Amagatsha weminyaka eyisikhombisa anciphisa umkhiqizo, ngakho-ke kufanele asuswe ngokuvuselela isihlahla.
Ukukhula konyaka - amagatsha aqinisekisa ukwakheka kwezilimo ezithwala iminyaka engama-4-6
Ilungiselela isiza sokufika
Indawo yokubekwa kwesikhathi esizayo kweRed Early ilungiselelwe ngenyanga eyodwa nohhafu kuya kwezimbili. Enguqulo esheshisiwe - okungenani amasonto amathathu ngaphambi. Izindawo noma izindawo ezikhungethwe ngamanzi entwasahlobo anamanzi angajulile (afinyelela ku-1.5 m) akhiwe ngaphansi komhlaba kwama-currants awalungile. Uma kunesidingo, ungakha igquma lokufakelwa.
Ukulungiselela izithombo
Lapho ukhetha isithombo unake uhlelo lwezimpande. Kufanele ibe nezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko nezinye eziningi ezingeziwe. Ubude bezimpande akufanele bube ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-50. Le ngxenye engenhla kufanele ibe cishe nobude obufanayo futhi ingabi nomonakalo.
Vuna omuncu kusuka ekukhetheni okulungile kwezithombo
Isithombo kulungiswa ngale ndlela:
- Amathiphu ezimpande asikiwe, kuze kufinyelele ema-6 efihlekile emagatsheni.
- Ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba igxanywa amahora ama-3 emanzini ahlanzekile, bese icwilisa ngotshani olukhethekile lobumba (inhlanganisela yenhlabathi evundile nobumba ngamanzi, kulethwe ukuvumelana kokhilimu omuncu omuncu).
- Ingxenye ye-a emoyeni ikhululwa emaqabungeni futhi ifinyezwe yingxenye yesithathu yobude.
Ukutshala i-currant
Ama-currants abomvu okuqala athanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo nezindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle. Ukutshala isihlahla, udinga umgodi ocishe ubunjwe yi-cubic: 40:40:40 cm.
- Ama-humus (amabhakede ama-1-2), umlotha wezinkuni (cishe ingilazi) uthululwa emgodini.
- Bese engeza i-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate 20-40 g.
- Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo lifinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu, kepha hhayi eduze kuka-1 m.
- Isithombo sehliselwa emgodini olungiselelwe nge-degrees ezingama-45 futhi simbozwe ngomhlaba.
Isithombo sifakwa emgodini engela kwama-degrees angama-45
- Inhlabathi kumele inyathelwe ngokucophelela ukuze izikhwama zomoya zingakhiwa.
Inhlabathi kumele inyathelwe ngesikhathi sokutshala ukugwema ukwakhiwa kwezikhwama zomoya
- Lapho utshala lesi sitshalo, intamo yezimpande ijule ngo-8-10 cm bese iniselwa kakhulu (kuya ebhakedeni umgodi owodwa).
- Ukuze amanzi angachitheki, kwakhiwa umugqa womhlaba uzungeze isithombo.
- Ingaphezulu lomgodi ngemuva kokuchelela kufakwe ndawonye nge-sawdust noma i-peat.
Isikhathi sokutshala ama-currant sisentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho babheka isonto lokugcina lika-Agasti - isonto lokuqala likaSepthemba isikhathi esifanelekile sale nqubo.
Ividiyo: ukutshala okufanele kwe-redcurrant cuttings
Izici Ezikhulayo
I-currant bush ibalulekile hhayi ukuthi ikhule, kufanele inikeze amajikijolo. Lokhu kudinga ukuthambisa, ukondla nokukhosela ubusika.
Ukunisela
Ngokungabikho isikhathi eside kwezulu, i-currant idinga ukunisela okwengeziwe. Yize i-Red Red ikubekezelela kalula isomiso, ukuthambisa okuningana maningi kumane kubalulekile kuye.
- ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, inqubo yokwenziwa kwamajikijolo - maphakathi noJuni;
- emva kokuvuna, maphakathi no-Agasti;
- ukulungiselela ubusika - ukuqala kuka-Okthoba.
I-currant bush idinga ukuchelela okungenani kathathu ngesizini
Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, ukuchelela ngakunye kuqedwa ngokuvula kanye nokufakwa emanzini ngomichi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umhlabathi lapho ukhula kabusha ukhula uyaphela unyaka nonyaka. Ukuze ulondoloze izihlahla, ukondla ngonyaka kubalulekile. Kwanele ukufaka izakhi ezengeziwe kathathu ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye:
- entwasahlobo - ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala izithombo sekuvukile nasemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali sekuqediwe, kwethulwa i-50 g ye-urea;
- ehlobo - ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali kanye namaviki amabili ngaphambi kokuba amajikijolo avuthwe ngokugcwele, anikezwa nge-mullein. Esihlahleni, udinga uhhafu wamabhakede wesisombululo se-mullein ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 4. Ungangena esikhundleni sokuphonsa inyoni, khona-ke isilinganiso sizoba ngu-20: 20;
- ekwindla - kufika ku-10 kg we-compost, i-100 g ye-potassium sulphide ne-superphosphate kusatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwesihlahla, kukhululwe inhlabathi, kunisele futhi ku-mulch yonke indawo ngaphansi komqhele. Ukucutshungulwa okunjalo kungenziwa ngonyaka.
Shelter ebusika
Ukupholisa okungazelelwe, ubusika obuneqhwa noma isimo sezulu esinomoya onamandla kungaholela ekuqandeni kwama-currants abomvu. Yize iRed zakuqala zihluka ekumeni kwesithwathwa, kufanelekile ukuphepha futhi ufihle izihlahla.
- Okokuqala, basula umhlaba ngaphansi kwesitshalo kusuka emaqabungeni awile bawuthukulisele ekujuleni kuka-12 cm.
- Amahlumela acindezelwa emhlabathini ngosizo lwamabhodi futhi ambozwe ngamagatsha okugunda noma we-spruce.
Ukukhoselwa ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukusinda lapho kukhulunywa ngabo ebusika ezinzima
- Ngokuntuleka kwesembozo seqhwa, bakha ikhephu leqhwa ngokwabo.
- Ungakwenza ngendlela ehlukile: bopha amahlumela bese uwagoqa nganoma yisiphi isembozo sengadi. Ngemuva kokubonakala kweqhwa, dala ukugoqoza kweqhwa ngaphezulu kwama cocoons.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Isitshalo ngasinye sibhekana nokwakhiwa kwe:
- susa amahlumela agulayo, aphukile futhi angenamandla;
- usike amagatsha aneminyaka yobudala engaphezu kuka-7;
- abanyaka bazama ukungathinti amagatsha, ngoba ayisisekelo sokuvunwa esizayo.
Ngokufaka esikhundleni nokuvuselelwa kwesihlahla, inani elidingekayo (imvamisa alikho ngaphezu kwesi-5) lamahlumela wezimpondo ligcinwa. Bonke abanye abantu banqunywa ngaphandle komusa.
Okubalulekile: ukuthenwa kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokukha amajikijolo. Ngalesi sikhathi, wonke amaphutha adinga ukulungiswa abonwa kahle.
Ividiyo: ukucubungula, ukunqampuna nokwakhiwa kwesihlahla
Ukuvuna
Ukuvunwa kwezithelo kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana, njengoba amabhulashi avuthwa. Ama-currants abomvu avuthwa kancane kancane. Lokhu kunweba isikhathi sokudla izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokuqondile esihlahleni.
Ama-currant amajikijolo abomvu akhethwa nge-sprig
Amabhulashi okweqile awalahlekelwa amajikijolo, eqhubeka nokugcina ukubukeka okuhle nokufaneleka kokusebenzisa nokusebenza. Ukuvunwa hhayi amajikijolo ngamanye, kepha kukhiphe lonke ibhulashi.
Ividiyo: ukukha kanye nokugcina amajikijolo
Ukubuyekezwa
Abalimi bakulungele ukwabelana ngolwazi lwabo ekukhuliseni iRedcurrant futhi banikeze izeluleko. Yilokho abakushoyo.
Izinhlobo Okubomvu ekuqaleni kanye no-Ushukela (sekwephuzile) - akumuncu. I-Red Red inesithelo esibuhlanya, lo berry mkhulu, umnandi.
I-Tinker//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=528285
Kuma-currants abomvu, okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela, ezifuywe eminyakeni eminingi edlule ngumkhulisi wethu odumile uSmolyaninova - Ushukela noRed Early, ezingadliwa ngaphandle kokugcotshwa, zonke ezinye izinhlobo zinokunambitheka okuqinile kwe-skew lapho ku-acid
Fatmax//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?start=690&t=1277
Mayelana neRed Early nami ngizwe okuningi. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala ezitholakala e-WSTISP zivela ezinqamle ezinhlobonhlobo zeChulkovskaya kanye neLaturnays. Ababhali: N.K. ISmolyaninova, A.P. INitochkina. Kusukela ngo-1974 ifakiwe kwiRegista Yombuso yokufezekisa okuvunyiwe ukuze isetshenziswe ezifundeni eziPhakathi, iVolga-Vyatka, eCentral Chernozem kanye nase-East Siberian. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazithela, zivuna u-12.0 t / ha (3.3 kg / bush), ubusika obuqinile, obuboniswa ukumelana okuphezulu kwezinambuzane nezifo. Izinzuzo zebanga: ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi, ukunambitheka kwezimpawu zamajikijolo. Ububi bezinhlobonhlobo: ukuthokozela ukuxubha.
Chopper//sib-sad.info/forum/index.php/topic/2435-anuelD1anuel86anuelD0 EarB2 koloD0%B5anuelD1anuel82anuelD0anuelBDanuelD0%B0anuelD1anuel8F-anuelD1 Ear 81% D0% BC% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0 /
Ukudla okusha, izinhlobonhlobo zeSpecial Sweet ziyakhula. Amajikijolo amnandi amnandi kakhulu, kepha athinteka yi-powdery hlobo.
MarinaM//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t12148-50.html
Ukukhulisa ama-currants abomvu kusho ukuthi unikeza umndeni wakho i-berry elimnandi elinempahla yokwelapha. I-currant ebomvu yakuqala inempilo, inambitheka, kulula ukuyikhulisa futhi ihlukaniswa ukubuya konyaka wesivuno esiningi. Isiko elinganciphisi nelinomdlandla alitholanga indawo eyiyo emasimini abalimi baseRussia isikhathi eside.
