Izinzuzo zama-sitrobheli zomzimba ziyaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu - iqukethe inani elikhulu le-Vitamin C, i-fiber, i-folic acid, ama-antioxidants. Ngenkathi efudumele, sijabulela amajikijolo amasha, futhi ebusika kumnandi kakhulu ukuvula imbiza yejamu elimnandi noma ukwenza itiye ngamaqabunga omisiwe. Ukusakazeka kabanzi kwalesi siko lengadi kwenza ama-sitrobheli abe ngumkhiqizo ongabizi. Futhi cishe wonke umuntu ongumgcini wegadi ubheka njengendaba yokuhlonipha ukukhulisa yena encebeni lakhe. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamajikijolo, ngayinye yazo inezici zayo. Phakathi kwabaphumelele kakhulu - ama-sitrobheli anegama elijwayelekile nelibuthakathaka u-Eliane.
Umlando wokutshala kanye nencazelo yezinhlobo zama-sitrobheli u-Eliana
Izinhlobo zeStrawberry u-Eliana wazalelwa eHolland ngasekupheleni kwama-90s. Umsunguli ngu-Albert Konnings. Izinhlobonhlobo zinhle ngokutshala esimweni sezulu sezwekazi. Kunconyelwe amapulazi amancane azimele, yize eYurophu kuvame ukukhiqizwa ngezimboni zezimboni.
Inesihlahla esinamandla esiqinile esinama-peduncle aphezulu atholakala ezingeni lamaqabunga noma ngaphezulu. I-Eliana iyinhlobonhlobo yokuqala: ungaqala ukukha amajikijolo ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kunikeza isivuno esikhulu - kuze kufike ku-2 kg kusuka esihlahleni ngasinye. Iyaqhubeka ukuthela izithelo kuze kube kuphela uJulayi. Lapho uvuthwa, amajikijolo awaba mancane. Izinhlobonhlobo zinkulu-zinesithelo - isisindo samajikijolo singafinyelela ku-90 g. Izithelo zinesimo esimise okomlomo omnyama, ugqinsi obukhulu kodwa obudondayo, umbala okhanyayo obomvu okhanyayo, uphuma kalula kwi-peduncle, ube nephunga le-sitrobheli elimnandi nokunambitheka okuhle.
Izithelo ze-sitrobheli zika-Eliane zihlanganisa ubumnandi be-dessert kanye nokuhogela okuncane
Izici zeBanga
Njenganoma yikuphi ukulima, u-Eliana unezici eziningi ezinhle, kanye nokubi okuthile.
Izinzuzo:
- self-pollin. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo singanciki ezinambuzaneni zokugcina impova, kuvumela ama-sitrobheli akhula ezindaweni ezivalekile (kuvulandi, endaweni eluhlaza);
- ibekezelela ukubanda kahle. Ukwenza isibonelo, kuba busika kahle emadolobheni angaphansi naseKarelia, ikakhulukazi nendawo yokukhosela enhle. Kepha kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi emva kokushisa kakhulu ebusika kungabuyisela ubuningi besitshalo nokukhiqiza isikhathi eside;
- ukungatheleleki kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zokubola, isikhunta nezikhunta;
- ngokungacabangi kwikhwalithi nokwakheka kwenhlabathi;
- ayidingi ukufakelwa njalo - endaweni eyodwa iyakwazi ukuthela izithelo iminyaka engama-8-10 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isivuno.
Okubi:
- ayikubekezeleli ukushisa okwedlulele. Ekushiseni okuphezulu nokushoda kwamanzi, amajikijolo athela amandla ngokuqina, angoma. Isitshalo ngaphansi kwalezo zimo kabi sakha amadevu;
- ngomswakama ophezulu kanye nesimo sezulu esinethayo, amajikijolo aphelelwa ukunambitheka kwawo okumnandi, kuvela i-acid eyeqile.
U-Eliana uhlangabezana ngokugcwele nokulindelwe kwesivuno esikhulu
Izici zokutshala nokukhula izinhlobo ze-sitrobheli u-Eliana
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala bezinhlobonhlobo buhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ezijwayelekile zokutshala ama-sitrobheli.
Ukukhetha izithombo
Ungathenga izithombo ze-sitrobheli cishe nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kepha lokhu kuzoba nomthelela wokuthi kuzothatha kanjani izimpande. Ukuthenga nokutshala izitshalo ezincane ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla akubhekwa njengesikhathi esihle kunazo zonke, ngoba ama-sitrobheni azoba nesikhathi esincane sokufaka izimpande. Amabhasi kungenzeka asinde ebusika obubandayo. Okuthandeka kakhulu ngokuqala ukutshala i-sitrobheli kuzoba isikhathi sentwasahlobo. Ngokukhetha okulungile, ukutshala okunekhono kanye nezimo ezinhle, izitshalo zizokhula ngokushesha futhi zibe nesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufika emhlabeni sithathwa maphakathi nehlobo. Vele, ngeke ube nesikhathi sokukhipha amajikijolo kule sizini, kodwa cela ukuqala okuhle kokuvunwa kwesikhathi esizayo, ngoba izihlahla ezincane zizoba nesikhathi esanele sokuzinza endaweni entsha, zithuthukise uhlelo lwezimpande nezimbali ezime ngaphandle.
Lapho ukhetha izithombo, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekubukeni kanye nekhwalithi yezithombo:
- Akufanele kube namachashazi noma amabala noma amaqabunga. Ukuba khona kwabo kukhombisa ukuthi i-sitrobheli sithintekile yilesi sifo.
- Ama-pale noma ama-blinkled amaqabunga ayizimpawu zokulimala kwe-necrosis sekwephuzile kanye nokuba khona kwethikhi yomhlaba. Amahlamvu kufanele abe luhlaza ojulile.
- Izithombo zingabonakala ngezimpande ezivulekile, futhi ubude bazo kufanele bube yi-7-9 cm. Uma isitshalo sithengiswa ezitsheni ezivalekile, khona-ke izimpande kufanele zikhule ngaphezu kwenqwaba yomhlabathi.
- Ubukhulu obukhulu bomsamo wezimpondo nezimpondo ezikhulayo (ububanzi bawo kufanele bube okungenani yi-6-7 mm), okungcono kwesitshalo.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakhetha ngokucophelela izithombo ze-sitrobheli
Ngaphezu kwalokho ungasabalalisa isibulala-magciwane izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala ngokubeka izihlahla kanye namabhodwe kulesishisayo (cishe i-50mayelanaC) amanzi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili, ukugcina phakathi kwabo isigamu sehora. Ukuhlala kwama-sitrobheli emanzini esigabeni ngasinye akukho ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-20. Le nqubo izosiza ukuqeda izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ezingaba khona esitshalweni. Futhi ekuvimbeleni izifo, ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zibekwa imizuzu emi-5 kwisisombululo se-sulfate yethusi nosawoti (1 no-3 tsp., Ngokucatshangwayo, nge-10 l lamanzi). Ngemuva kwalokhu, ehlathini kufanele agezwe ngamanzi angenalutho.
Ukukhetha isiza nokutshala ama-sitrobheli emhlabathini
Ezophumelela kakhulu kungaba yindawo engenamoya enokukhanya okuhle. Kufanele ibe isicaba noma ithambekele okungenani. Hhayi ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kungaba yindawo ephansi, ngoba inganqwabelana umswakama owedlula nomoya obandayo. Musa ukwephula imibhede emthunzini wezihlahla ezinkulu noma ezakhiweni, futhi futhi hhayi kude kakhulu nololanaceous - amazambane, utamatisi, utamatisi, upelepele. Lezi zitshalo zizodonsa ama-sitrobheli wezakhi zomzimba, zizithathe ngobuningi emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubungozi bokutheleleka kwesiko lama-berry ngokunyuka okulimaza sekwephuzile, ngoba izitshalo eziba solanaceous zitholakala kalula kukho.
U-Eliana akafuneki kakhulu kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, lapho izakhi zomzimba zingcono futhi zicebile enhlabathini, ziba ziningi futhi zivuthise isivuno se-sitrobheli. Okuhle kakhulu kuzoba ngumhlaba one-acidity ephansi, i-sandam loam noma i-loam.
Umhlaba ogcwele izakhi zomzimba uzokwazi ukwenza ama-sitrobheli aqhakaze futhi athele izithelo kakhulu
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukumba emibhedeni kahle futhi ujule ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nokufaka umanyolo. Inani labo lizoya endaweni yokufika ngokuzayo. Izilinganiso zingokulandelayo: 1 m2 Ama-5-6 kg omanyolo we-organic (humus) no-30-35 g wama-fertiliser amaminerali ayadingeka.
Futhi kuzosiza ukwelapha inhlabathi ngesixazululo esingu-1% se-Bordeaux fluid ukuvimbela ukulimala okungenzeka kwezitshalo ngezifo zokukhunta.
Ukumakwa kwemigqa yama-sitrobheli kwenziwa ngemuva kokuzinza komhlaba okumbiwe. Kungenzeka ukutshala izithombo kude nebanga phakathi kwamarowu kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-60 cm, naphakathi kwamabhushi - kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm. Kulesi simo, i-antennae ebonakala kufanele isuswe ngendlela yesikhathi, kodwa kungabi ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-3 phakathi nenkathi.
Okuhle kakhulu ekutshaleni ama-sitrobheli isikhathi sakusihlwa noma usuku lwamafu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze zivikele izitshalo ukuthi zingabuni, ngoba izimpande azikakwazi ukuletha amanzi emaqabungeni, futhi ukushisa kuzovusa ukuhwamuka ngokweqile. Inhlabathi kumele ibe manzi ngokulinganayo. Isihlahla ngasinye esidonsa izithombo akufanele sishiya amaqabunga angaphezu kwama-3 futhi sinqamule izimpande ukuya ku-9-10 cm uma zide kakhulu. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa emgodini wobumba, lapho izimpande zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, emva kwalokho umgodi umbozwe umhlaba, uqiniseke ukuthi ihlumela elingaphezulu liphakeme kancane kuneleveli yomhlabathi. Ukungena okunamandla kungadala ukubola, futhi kuphezulu kakhulu, ngokuhlukile, kuyoma ngaphandle. Lapho ukutshala sekuphothuliwe, izitshalo ezincane ziyaniselwa futhi zimboze indawo yokutshala ngenhlabathi eyengeziwe noma i-humus ukugwema ukoma.
Ividiyo: ukutshala izithombo ze-sitrobheli emhlabathini
Ukunisela mulching
Izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, izihlahla kufanele ziniselwe ngenani elilinganiselwe lamanzi. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1.5, ungangezelela ingxenye yomswakama, kepha kufanele wehlise imvamisa yokunisela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-sitrobheli ayisitshalo esithanda umswakama, kepha ungathandi amanzi ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukuthambisa kufanele kushintshwe kuya ngokuthi isimo sezulu sinjani. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinqubo zamanzi izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto.
Amanzi akufanele avunyelwe kuzimbali nezithelo.
Ungakhohlwa ukukhulula umhlabathi wokungena okungcono komswakama ezimpandeni. Amanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela kumele afudumele. Kuma-sitrobheli, umalching uthande kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kwenza ukuthi kugcinwe umswakama enhlabathini isikhathi eside, futhi kuvimbela nokhula ukuthi lukhule. Utshani otshaliwe, sawdust, utshani, izinaliti angasebenza mulch.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Lapho ukondla, iminyaka yezitshalo kufanele icatshangelwe. Kubantu abasha, ukondliwa okuthuthukisiwe kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nokwakhiwa kwengxenye eluhlaza, kubantu abadala asebekhulile - ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo. Kumanyolo, ungasebenzisa amalungiselelo ayinkimbinkimbi, kanye nezinto eziphilayo, uwafaka amanzi: izinyoni ezijikijelwayo ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 14, umquba oxutshwe notshani noma utshani - 1: 7 (ngokuya ngesakhiwo sokuqala senhlabathi kanye nesimo ejwayelekile sama-sitrobheli, kusetshenziswa kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-25. Umanyolo we-kg nge-10 m2) Ngemuva kokuvuna, kufanele futhi ondle izitshalo ukuze zikwazi ukuqongelela izakhamzimba ngaphambi kwenkathi ebusika.
Amagrobheli ebusika futhi alungiselela isizini entsha
Ngaphambi kokufaka isithambisi se-sitrobheli ebusika, kuhlolwa izindlela zezitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, amaqabunga omisiwe nabagulayo ayasuswa. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-sitrobheli ayondliwa futhi ngaphezu kwalokho afakwe ngaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ukuwa komugqa, kanye nenhlabathi phakathi kwezihlahla. Njengombhalo oyisisekelo sendawo yokukhosela sebenzisa i-agrofabric noma ungqimba oluphindwe kabili lwe-agrofiber.
Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, kususwa imbozo kanye nesichibi semifino, izitshalo ziphinde zihlolwe, izingxenye ezifile noma ezonakalisiwe ziyasuswa. Ukuze inhlabathi ifudumele ngokushesha, amasentimitha ambalwa womhlaba asuswa futhi.
Ividiyo: ukufudumeza ama-sitrobheli ebusika
Izifo nokwelashwa okungenzeka
I-Eliana yizinhlobo ezinqanda izifo. Kodwa-ke, akukho siqinisekiso se-100% sokuthi lesi sifo sizosigwema. Izinambuzane nazo zingathelalela izitshalo.
Ithebula: Isifo Se-Strawberry Esijwayelekile
| Lesi sifo | Izimpawu | Izindlela zokwelashwa nokuvimbela |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Lesi sifo fungal sisakazekela kuzo zombili izingxenye eziluhlaza nezithelo. Bangabokuqala ukushaywa. Izithonjana ezinombala ocindezelekile zakhiwa kumajikijolo, ambozwe ngopende ompunga ompunga. Kamuva, isakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlahla siyoma. |
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| I-Powdery hlobo | Kuvela umucu emhlophe kulesi sitshalo, esifana ne-cobweb. Ingxenye yonke yezindiza iyathinteka. Amabhishi aguqula umbala, aba nsundu. Amacembe ayancipha futhi omile. Izithelo ziphenduka zaba mhlophe futhi zingaphuka futhi zibunjwe. | Ukwelashwa, iTopaz, iBayleton, i-Euparen kusetshenziswa ngokuya ngemiyalo. Bacubungula izitshalo kaningana, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa kwesilimo. Kuyalule futhi ukuthi usebenzise izidakamizwa ezahlukile ukukhipha umlutha wefungus entweni esebenzayo. |
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Ubizwa isikhunta. Okokuqala, amaqabunga ayathinteka, khona-ke ama-petioles, peduncles, izithelo, ikakhulukazi angavuthwa. Kubonakala amabala ansundu noma ansundu esihlahleni, amaqabunga ayabola, amajikijolo awomile. | Ukulwa nalesi sifo, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise i-Abiga-peak, i-Bordeaux liquid, i-sulfate yethusi. |
| I-Strawberry (esobala) umkhaza | Kunzima ukubona lesi sinambuzane ngamehlo anqunu. Ukuphila kumaqabunga amancane, ahlupheka kakhulu ngomsebenzi wethikhi - phuzi aphuzi, umbimbi ufe. Lokhu kuthinta isivuno: amajikijolo akhula amancane kakhulu kunosayizi onokwenzeka noma omile ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Isitshalo siba nzima ukumelana nemithi. |
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Igalari yezithombe: izimpawu zangaphandle zesifo se-sitrobheli
- Ukubola okumpunga kungabulala ama-sitrobheli amaningi
- I-Powdery isikhutha kungathi imboza isihlahla nge-web spider yesiliva
- I-Blight ingadluliselwa kuma-sitrobheli kusuka kumazambane noma utamatisi
- I-sitrobheli mite kungenzeka ingabonakali, kepha umonakalo owenzayo awukwazi ukufihlwa.
Ukubuyekezwa
Kimina, lokhu kuhlukahluka kukhombise uhlangothi lwayo oluhamba phambili - ngokuya ngomkhiqizo, ukunambitha nokumelana nezifo, kanye noDonna no-Alba. Futhi banikeze amadevu amaningi kakhulu ukuthi akukho lapho bekubekwa khona futhi kungadabukisa ukukulahla.
ISergey IP//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4465
Sikhula unyaka wesithathu. Amahlathi makhulu futhi anempilo, aqala ukutshala ngokushesha, amajikijolo makhulu, angama-conical ngesimo, amnandi kakhulu.
Swallow yaseSiberia//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6993
Izinhlobonhlobo ezipholile ngempela. Ngikhula nodadewethu eJalimane. Izinhlobonhlobo zisaqala kakhulu. Amajikijolo omphakathi omaphakathi, kepha angahanjiswa. Amajikijolo amnandi, anamakha. Inambitha kangcono kunoClery. Ukukhiqiza, ngombono wami, kusezingeni lezinhlobonhlobo zeMarmolada.
Tezier//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4465
Uma kufiswa, izimbambo ezimbalwa ze-Eliana zingatshalwa ngisho naku-loggia. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazenzisa, ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka kwamajikijolo ngisho nangaphakathi ezindlini. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-sitrobheli angakhulula izimpawu zekhanda, ubambe iqhaza ekuvimbeleni isifo se-Alzheimer, isifo senhliziyo, i-anemia, sisebenzise ngokulinganisela. Lokhu kuzovumela ukungatholi imiphumela emibi ngendlela yokungezwani okulindelekile, kodwa usebenzise zonke izakhiwo ezizuzayo zebheli elimangalisayo ngokugcwele.
