I-Koleria ingumthi ongamakhambi ovela emndenini wakwaGesneriev. Izwe lakubo lihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, naseVenezuela. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zibalwa ngokwemvelo. Ifaka iphalethi elingajwayelekile, izimbali ezinde. Ibizwe ngemuva kwesazi semithi sekhulu le-19 uMichael Kohler. Igama lesibili ubuhle baseColombia.
Incazelo yombala
I-Kohleria ikhula emthunzini wesihlahla ezindaweni ezingamahlathi ashisayo emvula, izihlahlana noma izihlahlana, eziphakeme ngo-60-80 cm. Amaqabunga atholakala ezihlangeni ezibhekene. Zingama-oval, amade, imiphetho eyenziwe ngamaserali, ama-pubescent, aze abe yi-18 cm ubude, ububanzi obuyi-8 cm. Imibala yamaqabunga ihlukile: luhlaza obumnyama, i-emerald enemithambo ebomvu. Kukhona imithambo yomnqumo nokukhanya kuyo. Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid zinombala wesiliva, wethusi.
Izimbali ezingajwayelekile (1-3 ku-inflorescence) zingama-asymmetrical, zifana ne-bell, ishubhu ukuya ku-5 cm, i-corolla encishisiwe eduze kwe-pharynx futhi ivuvukala komunye umkhawulo. I-pharynx ivulekile, ihlotshiswe ngamachashazi, amachashazi noma imivimbo; inama-lobes amahlanu. Izimbali zingaba umbala owodwa, ne-pharynx - enye ibala. Iqhakaza ngoJulayi futhi iqhakaza ngaphambi kokuphela kukaNovemba.
Uhlelo lwezimpande luqukethe ama-rhizomes noma ama-tubers embozwe esikalini. Kwangaphandle kufana nophayini wephayini.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibala
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zokuhlobisa zihlukile ngesimo, umbala wamaqabunga:
| Buka | Kushiya | Izimbali nesikhathi sokubunjelwa kwazo |
| Bogotskaya | Kude kufike ku-10 cm, emerald emnyama. | I-tube ibomvu-ophuzi, obomvu, ngaphakathi inemibala egqamile, owolintshi, obomvu. Qhakaza ehlobo, kuqhakaza kuze kube ukuwa. |
| Bomvu (ugogo) | Luhlaza omnyama, embozwe nge-villi. | Elikhulu, libomvu ngamachashazi e-beige. |
| Kakhulu | Phezulu ngomkhawulo wokukhanya. | Amachashaza amakhulu, akhanyiswe ngamachashazi abomvu, ngaphakathi kwimivimbo ebomvu ye-pharynx. |
| I-Fluffy | Oval, ithambile, imnyama. | Orenji noma obomvu. Amachashazi amhlophe aqhakazile abomvu unyaka nonyaka. |
| Spikelet | Mpunga, uphakeme, ngesiphetho esikhonjisiwe, nge-fluff yesiliva. | Ishubhu le-orange, ngaphakathi liphuzi ngamachashazi abomvu. |
| ILinden (gloxinella) | I-Narrow, elongated, kuze kube ngu-30 cm, ipinki ephaphathekile ngaphansi, iluhlaza ngenhla, ifaka isiliva, ibunjiwe i-herringbone. | Amaphayiphu ngaphezulu, amawolintshi ansundu anamachashazi ansundu. Iqhakaza maphakathi nekwindla. |
| I-Digitalis | Okude, okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, okuhlanganisa obomvu. | Ipinki egqamile, enemivimbo ye-lilac. Ngaphakathi, ulethisi, onamachashazi ansomi. Iqhakaza ekwindla yokuqala. |
| Kumnandi | Ububanzi, kufika ku-10 cm, buhlanganiswe nemithambo nsundu, imivimbo yombala wesiliva. | Ngaphandle, kubomvu-bomvana, ngaphakathi kukhanya ngamachashaza okusajingijolo. Iqhakaza unyaka wonke. |
| Tubular | I-Oval, ekhombe phezulu, ibomvu ngaphansi komfula. | Kugcotshwe ilanga, kungenwe ekugcineni. |
| Woolen | Enkulu nge-straw brown brown. | I-Beige ene-brown and white ngaphakathi, amabhlogo e-beige. |
| I-Dwarf (ngaphansi) | I-Fluffy, ngemivimbo ekhanyayo. | Okhanyayo, owolintshi. |
| Isinono | I-bronze hue. | Isikhafu, amachashazi ansomi, ama-burgundy. |
| IVarshevich | Luhlaza omnyama, okhombe ngenhla. | I-Lilac, ishubhu elipinki nezipuni eziphuzi-eziluhlaza ezinamachashaza ansundu, onsomi. |
| Ayina | Luhlaza okotshani. | Bomvu ngaphandle, ngaphakathi ku-violet kumabala. |
| I-Flashdance | Luhlaza okotshani. | Omkhulu, amakhorali, aphuzi ngezinsimbi ezibomvana kanye nemiphetho ye-fuchsia. |
| UJester | Luhlaza okotshini wethusi, onemiphetho eyenziwe ngamakhiya. | Ukukhanya okunamabala apinki. |
| UKarl Lindbergh | Kudwetshwe, imiphetho ngama denticles. | I-lavender emnyama, embozwe amachashazi amhlophe. |
| INdlovukazi uVictoria | Imibala yotshani obugcwele. | I-Pink, ishubhu elingaphakathi likhanya ngama-redks. |
| Isifundi esibomvu | Mncane, luhlaza okotshani. | Ubomvu obumnyama ngentamo emhlophe. |
| Roundley | Ezimnyama. | Amawolintshi, amhlophe ngaphakathi. |
| Umbhoxo wasePheresiya | Luhlaza, onomngcele obomvu. | I-Velvet, ebomvu kanye ne-raspberry enentambo ye-orange. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Koleria ayithobeki, iqhakaza kakhulu, futhi umtshali wokuqalisa uyakwazi ukudala izimo ezintofontofo.
| I-Factor | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / Ubusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Amawayile wasentshonalanga, wasempumalanga. Kuhlakazeke, kunelanga, ngaphandle kokusalungiswa | Uma kunesidingo, ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngesibani. |
| Ukushisa | + 20 ... +25 ° С, ngaphandle kwamaconsi. Uma iphakeme, khona-ke izimpande azikwazi ukunikeza amahlumela amasha ngezinto ezidingekayo zokukhula nentuthuko. | + 15 ... +17 ° С lapho imbali yehla amaqabunga awo. Uma kungekho sikhathi sokuphumula esimisiwe, nakekela njengenjwayelo. |
| Umswakama | 30% - 60%. Beka imbiza yezimbali epallet ngohlobo lwamatshe amanzi, ubumba olwandisiwe. Sebenzisa umswakama. Ungafafazi. | |
| Ukunisela | Elinganiselayo, phatha ukufudumele, kuthambile, kumile amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5, emaphethelweni ebhodwe. Baqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile. Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa efihlekile, uma kunesidingo, wanisela kaningi, ngaphandle kokuthinta iziqu, amaqabunga. | Ngesikhathi sokuphumula - kanye ngenyanga. Uma isitshalo singekho hibernation - izikhathi 3-4. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, kanye njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-14 ngomanyolo owuketshezi wokuqhakaza izimbali. | Akudingeki. |
Emoyeni ovulekile, umbala ukhishwa kuphela ehlobo. Imbali isikhule njengesiqhakaza, kepha ekugcineni izokwakha isihlahla. Ukukhula nokufaka indawo yeziqu. Fushanisa ithiphu ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ukuphakama okungama-20-30 cm ngethuluzi elinegciwane ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kuqala ukwenza futhi unqume iziqongo.
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvusa izinso, ukwakheka kwama-buds amasha ezinhlwini eziseceleni.
Ekwindla, izingcezu ezincibilikisiwe ziyasuswa, ngoba i-hibernation ebusika ihlelwe kabusha egumbini elipholile.
Ukufakelwa nenhlabathi
Imbali itshalwa kanye ngonyaka, isikhathi esihle ukuphela kuka-Mashi noma ukuqala kuka-Ephreli ngokudluliselwa kwezimbali. Hlela kabusha isihlahla ngokucophelela kwelinye, elibanzi nelingajulile. Umhlaba awuzanyazanyiswa.
Inhlabathi ithathwa ngokudla okunempilo, okuvulekile, nge-acidity ephansi, ukuxuba i-turf nomhlaba onamaqabunga, futhi futhi yengeza i-peat nesihlabathi (1: 2: 1: 1). Enye inketho yisihlabathi esine-humus, i-turf ne-sheet land ngokulinganayo, engeza izingcezu ezincane zamalahle. Abalimi bezimbali eziqala bathola isakhi sangaphansi esilungele ukwenziwa sama-violets.
Imbiza ikhethiwe ipulasitiki, kepha kungcono i-ceramic. Iqinile futhi igcina umswakama isikhathi eside, khetha isitsha esinezimbobo zokudonsa, ubeke izingcezu ezi-2 cm zezitini, amatshe amdaka, ubumba olwandisiwe ezansi.
Ukuzala
Ama-Florists asebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo zokuzala: ukusika, amaqabunga, ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes, imbewu.
Ukusakazeka kwendlu ngokusikwa kwenziwa kalula: unqume engxenyeni engenhla yehlumela, ubeke inhlanganisela yesihlabathi nephepha lomhlabathi, othathwe ngokulinganayo. Baphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula (i-Cornerost), bese isitsha sishiswa kusuka ngezansi. Hambisa inhlabathi, engeza i-Phytosporin emanzini ukuvikela ukubola, ukumboza ngengilazi, noma ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elitshiwe nengxenye lapho ukhokho ukhona. Ngena njalo umoya. Ngemuva kokuthatha izimpande, emuva kwamasonto amabili kutshalwe ngokwahlukana. Futhi kugxilwe esitsheni samanzi.
Ngendlela efanayo, isitshalo siza namahlamvu. Ishidi elidwenguliwe lifakwa emanzini 1-2 cm, engeza okuvuselelayo.
Kusatshalaliswa imbewu kusuka maphakathi nobusika kuze kube sekupheleni. Kungcono ukuzithola esitolo esikhethekile. Babeka imbewu enhlabathini elungiselelwe ukusuka ku-peat nesihlabathi, kuniselwe, kumbozwe, kungalali ngomhlabathi. Setha izinga lokushisa + 20 ... +24 ° C. Umoya nsuku zonke, ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela esemavikini angama-2-3. Ngemuva kokuvela kokuxubha kwamashidi amane ajwayelekile. 
Umbhoxo wasePheresiya
Amahlumela amasha, izimpande zakheka kusuka ku-rhizome. Isitshalo esidala sikhishwa emhlabathini, sihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi (imvamisa ezintathu). Ngamunye kufanele abe nezimpande ezimbili ezinempilo. Faka ukusika okufafazwe ngamalahle, vumela ukoma. Ngamunye watshala engilazini enomhlaba olungiselelwe. Ijule ngo-2-3 cm, ikhava, iniselwa njalo ngamanzi afudumele.
Ubunzima kumbala okhulayo
Uma yonke imithetho yokukhula ingahlonishwa, i-colium ingahle ihehe.
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Amaqabunga aphuzi. Kuvela amabala ansundu. | Umoya omile kakhulu. Ukushiswa yilanga. | Thambisa igumbi, ukufihlwa ukukhanya kwelanga. |
| Aluqhakaza. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, umsoco. Igumbi libanda noma lifudumele kakhulu. | Khulisa noma wehlise izinga lokushisa, feed. |
| Amaqabunga anamabala. | Lapho uthambisa noma ufafaza, amanzi sekungenile. | Amanzi athululelwa epanini. |
| Imbali ibuna noma amahlumela ayeluliwe. | Ukukhanya okuncane. | Mboza ngama-phytolamp. |
| Izimpande ziyabola. | Ukuchelela okukhulu | Itshalwa ngokususa izingxenye ezigulayo. |
| Isitshalo simbozwe ukuqhuma okumpunga. | Isifo sokukhunta. | Amahlumela owonakalisiwe asikiwe, aphathwe nge-fungicide. |
| Amabala ansundu. | Amanzi abandayo kakhulu wokunisela. | Amanzi afudunyezwa kancane. |
| Amaqabunga ayonakalisiwe, omile. | Ama-aphid. | Iqoqwe ngesandla, iphathwa ngamanzi anensipho. |
| Kushiya amabala amancane, akhanyayo, i-curl, awele phansi. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Okonakalisiwe kuyasuswa, inhlabathi ithululelwa i-Aktara. Thambisa umoya kaningi. |
| Amabala esiliva, amachashazi amnyama. Impova iyaphela. | Ama-Thrips. | Icutshungulwe nguSpark. |
| Amaconsi athambile, izinambuzane ezinsundu. | Isihlangu. | Ihlanzekile, bese ifafazwa ngesinambuzane (i-Inta-Vir, Confidor). |
| I-plaque emhlophe emahlumela. | I-Powdery Mildew | Ingxenye yomhlabathi inqunywe, i-rhizome iphathwa nge-fung fung (Fundazol, Topaz). |
| Ilahla ama-buds. | I-calcium eyengeziwe emhlabathini. | Shintsha inhlabathi. |
