I-Krestovnik krupnoyazkovy - ulimi lwaseNingizimu Afrika "indoda endala"

Senecio - Igama lesiLatini lezitshalo ezinkulu nezinhlobonhlobo izitshalo ezisendlini - zivela egameni elithi "senex", "indoda endala".

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sigaba sezitshalo zinezinwele ze-silvery noma amabhasikidi e-flower "balding" emva kokuba imbewu ibheke phezulu.

Krupnoyazykovy krestovnikKodwa-ke, lenza ngaphandle "kwezinwele ezimpunga", futhi ngaphandle kokuthi "i-baldness".

I-Krupnoyazykovy krestovnik iyi-lian elide elivame ukuluhlaza elinamagatsha anamanzi kuze kube ngu-8 cm ubude - obuluhlaza noma i-motley, ehlotshiswe ngemivimbo ephuzi-emhlophe namabala.

Isimo se-Leaf - inxantathu noma i-pentagonal, enezingxenye ezihamba phambili, ngaleyo ndlela "ulimi" olunezinhlangothi ezicacile, okuvela kulolu hlobo lombhapathizi igama lesiLatini elithi "Senecio macroglossus" ("ulimi olukhulu").

Ngokwemvelo, lo mvini ukhula eNingizimu Afrika, kuhlanganise nasezindaweni ezimile zaseNatali. Kusukela lapha kuza elinye igama lesi sitshalo: "Natali ivy".

Ngu ukubonakala kwekrestovnik enkulu ebuthakathakaNgempela kufana ne-ivy, kodwa ihlukaniswe ngokuhlukile: amaqabunga ajwayelekile ajwayelekile: amaqabunga, anqwaba, anezingubo zokugcoba.

Iqiniso lokuthi "i-Natal ivy" liyiqabunga elimnandi lichaza umsuka wenye igama lapho umvini uvame ukuthengiswa khona: ukunamathela. Leli gama linikezwe udumo lwezitshalo zezitshalo zaseJalimane uKlein, owafunda ngokucophelela izinhlobo ezinhle ze-krestovniki.

Ngaphandle kwamaqabunga akhangayo anesibhakabhaka esiphakathi kwe-vein ne-brownish-purple, cuttings, "i-Natalian ivy" ihlotshiswe ebusika nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo encane izimbali eziphuzi eziphuzinjengama-daisies.

Ijusi yesitshalo sinobuthi. Uma kuhlangene nalesi sikhumba, kungabangela ukucasuka nokuphendula okwenziwe, futhi uma kungena emzimbeni, kungabangela ubuthi.

Ngakho-ke, i-krupnoyazkovy krestovnik akufanele ikhule lapho kukhona izilwane ezifuywayo nezingane ezincane.

Isithombe

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Konke u-godfather omkhulu-ukhuluma ngokunganaki futhi ayidingi noma yiziphi izici ekunakekeleni. Inselele enkulu ukugcinwa kokushisa komkhathi kanye nomswakama wezwe: uma kuphazamiseka ebusika, lo mvini unomkhuba wokuwahlalisa wonke amaqabunga.

Ukukhanyisa

"Natal ivy" idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungafani. Kusukela kokukhanya okukhulu, amaqabunga awo aphenduka aphuzi futhi aphephe. Amafasitela asenyakatho kuphela aphikisana nawo, futhi eningizimu, ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo, ilanga liyadingeka.

Ukushisa

Ukushisa kwasehlobo kahle kufanele kube usuku - ayikho ngaphezulu kwama-degree angu-25, nasebusuku - kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-16. Ukugcinwa kwebusika kwesitshalo kulungile kuma-15-18 degrees, kanti kunokwenzeka ukuthi wehle ngo-12 degrees.

Ukwakheka komhlaba

Umhlabathi wekrestnovnik krupnoyazvykovogokufanele kube okuvamile for amnandi: kancane acidic, hhayi okunomsoco okwedlulele, okuxekethile, okungahambisani nomoya kanye nomswakama okwenziwe kahle.

Kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwenhlabathi okwenziwe ngomumo kufanelana nalabo abakhelwe ama-cacti nama-succulents.

Izincomo ezilandelayo zinconywa ukuzikhiqiza: izilinganiso ezilinganayo ze-sod, amaqabunga omhlabathi nomhlabathi oqhekekile; izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod kanye nenxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi noma i-perlite; i-sod, iqabunga lomhlaba, i-peat, i-humus nesihlabathi - ngokulinganayo.

Ukufika

Isitsha sokutshala "i-Natal ivy" kungcono ukukhetha kabanzi okujulile futhi hhayi okukhulu kakhulu. Imikhumbi enhle kakhulu yezinto ezivuthayo, ehlinzeka ukukhuphuka komswakama nokuphefumula kohlelo lwempande - i-ceramic, ngaphandle koqweqwe oluqhubekayo lwe-glaze. Kumele kube khona imbobo yokudonsa phansi.

Ukusuka ngezansi indawo ungqimba lobumba olunwetshiwe noma amatshe amancane - kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kahle kwamanzi - bese ubeka igumbi lobumba eligqoke izimpande zezitshalo.

Uhlelo lomsuka - ukukhathazeka kwazo zonke izithako futhi uma kutshalwa kumele kuvikelwe ngokukhethekile. Bese bagcwala futhi bahlanganiswa, ngaphandle kokusiphazamisa, i-substrate yokutshala.

Ukufakelwa

Kuye ngesilinganiso sokukhula nobudala, i-seed-big seedbook yafakwa njalo eminyakeni engu-1-3 (izitshalo ezincane - ngokuvamile) entwasahlobo, futhi ibhodlela likhethwa kuphela kancane kunalowo owedlule.

Ngemuva kokuthenga kunikeze "i-Natalian ivy" isikhathi sokungenelela izimo ezintsha kuye okungenani amasonto amabili.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungcono ukugcina isitshalo ngokuhlukanisa, ngaphandle kwamakhophi asevele atholakale ekhaya lakho: izinkinga ezifana nezifo nezinambuzane zingabonakala ukusuka ekhaya lakho elisha.

Khona-ke, uma isitshalo "sesifikile" kuwe ebhodweni lokuthutha eliqinile, kufanele ulifakise, ugcine izimo ezidingekile: isitsha esifanele emgodini phansi, uhlaka olungavumelekile lwamanzi, ingxube efanele yomhlabathi.

Uma u-transplanting, udinga ukuhlola isimo sesistimu yempande ye-radix etholakalayo.

Uma kukhona izindawo ezilimele, zisusiwe, izindawo ezimele zifafazwe ngamachiza ahlaselwe. Ngokunqotshwa kwe-mealybug impande, kuzodingeka ugeze izimpande, utshale isitshalo, bese uphatha inhlabathi ebhodweni nge-insecticide yenhlabathi.

Umswakama womoya

Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zama-baptist azinkulunkulu, Ulimi olukhulu luthanda ukunyakaza - ukufiphala njalo ehlobo, nasebusika - okungavamile kakhulu, kodwa kuphela uma isitshalo sitholakala ekamelweni elifudumele. Ukugeza ngezikhathi ezithile eshaweni kuzophinde kuzuze lesi sivini.

Ukukhula nokusika

Izinga lokukhula le-krestovnik elikhulu elinamahlombe lifinyelela ku-20-30 cm ngonyaka, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi likhule lifike ku-3 m ubude. Isitshalo esinjalo esondweni sasekhaya sidinga ukusekelwa nokusika.

Prune le liana entwasahloboukwakha isihlahla esiqinile, ususe amahlumela abusika abusika bese uvuselela isitshalo.

Lolu hlobo lwe-gadfly luvuselela ngokushesha amaqabunga aphansi emahlumela amadala, avulelwe ukulimaza umhlobiso jikelele.

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esingapheli "Ivy sase-Natalian" sivame ukutshalwa iminyaka engu-2-3, bese sithathwa esikhundleni samasampula amancane akhulile kusuka ku-cuttings.

Ukunisela

Ebusika, "i-Natal ivy" iphuziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, egxile ekuqinisweni ukuthi ukuvimbela ukususwa kwamaqabunga. Ngentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, amanzi asekhona, kodwa kaningi, kanti ehlobo - kuze kube izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Uma kunisela, ungqimba lomhlaba kufanele lume.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Agasti, kubandakanya, kabili ngesonto, i-liana enesisindo esikhethekile for izitshalo zasendlini nge amahlamvu zokuhlobisa. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika musa ukugqoka.

Izimbali

Le creeper, ngokungafani ivy real, Iqhakaza ukukhanya okuphuzi "ama-daisies". Uma ku-godparent wakho obala izinhlamvu zabo ezincane zembulwa - lokhu kuyinkomba yokunakekelwa ngokugcwele kwesitshalo. Ekhaya, inkathi yezimbali iphakathi nobusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Ukuzala

Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik kalula okusakazwa cuttings kanye umoya layeringkunzima kakhulu - imbewu.

Izindlela zokuzala:

1. Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings.
   Ukusika ama-4-5 cm ubude busika entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, kanti izingxenye zikhona ngaphansi kwefindo.

   Izinto zokutshala zomile, amaqabunga amabili aphansi asusiwe, abese ehluma enxenyeni elula ye-peat-sand, ewuhambisa kancane.

   Njengomthetho, izimpande zakhiwa ngesonto, bese-ke izihlahla zitshalwe ezinqabeni eziningana ebhodweni elinamanzi kanye nenhlabathi ehambelanayo.

2. Le liana ingaba okusakazwayo kanye nezinhlamvu zeqabungaokuyinto futhi eyomile kancane, bese ithunyelwa emkhunjini ngamanzi for pre-ukhula lwenkohlakalo.

   Ngemuva kokwakheka kwezimpande, i-leaf stalk ikhulile enhlanganisela ekhanyayo enesihlabathi, bese itshalwe embizeni "nomhlabathi omdala".

3. Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka.
   Krupnoyazykovyy krestovnik esakazwa ngokuzithandela ngokubeka. Lekhono lakhe lingasetshenziswa ukuvala "ama-voids" aphansi emaqabunga omuthi ovuthiwe: ebhodweni elifanayo elinye lamagatsha ligoba emhlabathini futhi lihleliwe.

   Ngokushesha kuthatha izimpande futhi kunika amahlumela amasha. Ukusika okunjalo kungathunyelwa kwezinye izimbiza. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, bahlukaniswe nomzali we-liana.

4. Ukusakazwa kwembewu.
   Le ndlela yokuzalanisa yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi idla isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu kufanele ibe yintsha - uma kungenjalo ukuhluma kwayo kunciphise kakhulu.

   Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngoMashi, phezu kwenhlanganisela ye-peat-sand. Ukumboza ngefilimu yepulasitiki, ukuvama njalo ukushisa okushisayo, ukuqapha umswakama olinganiselayo we-substrate.

   Imbewu, uma ingazange ilahlekelwe ukuhluma, ikhule ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Uma kufika amaqabunga amabili weqiniso, izithombo zingahlezi.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izifo ezibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungalungile ku-godson:

1. Ukwehla nokufa kwamaqabungaUkubonakala kwezindawo ezibomvu phezu kwazo kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isitshalo sigcinwe ekamelweni elifudumele kakhulu, ngokunisela okungenamsoco okungekho emhlabathini kanye nokunganelisi komoya umswakama.
2. Izindawo ezibomvu ezimile ezinamahlamvu - Umphumela wokwehliswa isikhathi eside kwelanga.
3. Amachashazi anesibhakabhaka emaqabunga, kaningi kanye nokuphuza kwawo, kubonakala lapho inhlabathi idonsa, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi, kufaka phakathi uma isitshalo siphuziswa ngokweqile ngamanzi abandayo.
<>Amancane, amahlamvu angatholakali atholakale, amahlumela ahlukene - umphumela wokukhanyisa okwanele.
4. Ukunyamalala kwembala enemibalabala - umphumela wokuntuleka kokukhanya noma izakhi

I-Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik yakhula ukuzwela kokuswakama okunamandla emhlabathini, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphansi zokushisa.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, lesi sitshalo sithintekile. ukutheleleka kwe-fungal nokubola.

Uma uphatha ukubamba lezi zinqubo ekuqaleni, ngokushesha ubeke umvini endaweni efudumele futhi uvumele umhlaba uphele, kukhona ithuba lokuletha "i-Natal ivy" ekuphileni.

Zonke izingxenye ezithintekile, ezigcwele izindawo eziphuzi noma ezimpunga i-powdery isikhutha, isidingo sokususa, ukusika ama-powder fungicidal amalungiselelo.

Uma ukutheleleka sekude kakhulu, kuzodingeka ususe imivini, ugcine izicucu eziningana zempilo zokuqothula.

I-Aphid, i-mealybug, isicabucabu, isikhumba, noma i-thrips ingahlala emaqabunga kaNkulunkuluson..

Izindawo ezithinteka yizi zinambuzane kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha okungenani ngamanzi asozini. Izindlela eziphumelela kunazo zonke yizinambuzane zesenzo esihleliwe.

Ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba yomvini isengozini ye-mealybug. Uma kwenzeka izinambuzane ezinjalo, izimpande zigezwa futhi inhlabathi iphathwa nge-insecticide yomhlabathi.

I-liana yaseNingizimu Afrika enhle ngamaqabunga nezimbali ezimangalisayo - "ama-daisies" - i-crusader enkulu-ulimi, i-Senezio macroglossus, "i-Natal ivy", ukunamathela - iqabunga eliqinile futhi elingenakuzithoba.

Ngokugcinwa kwemithetho eyisisekelo yokuqukethwe kwayo, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha futhi sisakaze kalula nge-cuttings kanye nezendlalelo ezigcina imifino enomsoco noma amabala okutshani-ophuzi nemivimbo yezitshalo zomama.