Ukuthola izithelo ezihlwabusayo neziphezulu zekhabe kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu. Isiko esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthuka kudinga into ethile yokudla komzimba futhi uma kungethulwanga ngesikhathi, hhayi ukuthi isitshalo siyohlupheka kuphela, kodwa nesitshalo esizayo. Ukugqokwa kwe-watermelon ephezulu kungenziwa ngomanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic, futhi kungcono ukuwahlanganisa, okuzoqinisekisa ukondliwa okufanele kwezitshalo.
Ungakuthola kanjani ukusilela kokudla okunempilo
Lapho ukhula ikhabe, inqubo ebalulekile ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ungafaka lolu siko ngamakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene, okulula ukuwathola womabili amafomu bese uwusebenzisa ngezandla zakho. Ukuze ibhungane likhule lihlanzekile futhi libe sezingeni eliphakeme, lapho selitshaliwe, izinto ezithile kufanele zifakwe emhlabathini, ukushoda kwalo kunganqunywa yisimo sesitshalo:
- I-nitrogen Njengoba le nto ibandakanyeka enqubweni ye-photosynthesis, ukusweleka kwayo kubonakala ngendlela yokukhula kancane kwesitshalo, ukwakheka kwamahlumela amancanyana nalawo amafushane, ama-inflorescence amancane, kanye namaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka kahle kwemithambo kuvela emaqabungeni aphansi, bese kuthi phezulu.
- Iphosphorus Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sakhi sikhona ngamanani amakhulu e-chernozem, asitholakali ngesimo esidingeka izitshalo, okungukuthi, azikwazi ukumunca. Amantshontsho adinga i-phosphorus kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Ngokuntuleka kwalesi sakhi, isistimu yezimpande yezitshalo izoba buthakathaka, amaqabunga mancane ngesihlungo se-grey-green noma tint. Amacembe amakhulu atholakala eduze kwehlumela kancane kancane aphenduka aphuzi, bese kuvela amabala ansundu phakathi kwemithambo. Ngemuva kwalokho amaqabunga aphezulu ayathinteka. Ngemuva kokumiswa, izinsiza zeshidi ziba mnyama. Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukukhula kwesitshalo, i-ovary nayo ivela sekwephuzile, futhi kwakhiwa amaqabunga amasha ngosayizi omncane.
- Potassium Le nto ilawula ukulingana kwamanzi. Ukuntuleka kwayo kubonakala ngesimo sesitshalo esithandekayo. Uma isitshalo singenayo i-potassium ngesikhathi sokuzala, ikhwalithi yamajikijolo izoncishiswa. Ukuze wenzele ukusweleka kwalesi sici emhlabathini, kufanele kufakwe umanyolo onokuqukethwe kwe-potassium.
- I-calcium Ngenxa yalesi sakhi, umsebenzi obalulekile wamathumbu weseli uyaqinisekiswa. Ukuntuleka kwezinto kuboniswa ngesimo sezimbali eziyinyumba kanye nokufa kwamaqanda. Izithelo ezingenawo i-calcium, zikhula zincanyana futhi zinganambitha, futhi futhi zinesiphetho esithuthukile se-inflorescence.
- Magnesium Ububi bale nto bubonakala ezifundeni ezinomswakama omkhulu. Ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga kanye namabala ansundu phakathi kwemithambo kufakazela ukungabi nalutho.
Ividiyo: izimpawu zokushoda kwezakhi zomzimba
Umanyolo wamaminerali wezinsini
Ukuze ufinyelele ezithela eziphakeme zama-gourds, ama-macronutrients ezitshalo kufanele adonswe ngemithamo ephezulu. Umanyolo wamaminerali wethulwa emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela. Ukwethulwa kwengxenye eyodwa noma enye kuya ngesigaba sokuthuthuka kwesiko. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinikeza ukwelashwa kwe-watermelon yi-potassium. Ngenani elanele lale nto, ukuqhakaza kuzokuqina, ukukhiqizwa kuzokhula, ukumelana kwezitshalo ezinambuzaneni kanti nezifo zizothuthuka.
Kungakuhle ukuthi ubhekisise ukuthi amanyolo wezimbiwa asetshenziswa ngemuva kokuthambisa inhlabathi, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula, emva kwalokho inhlabathi idedelwe. Uma wenza izakhi zomzimba ngaphandle kokuthambisa kuqala, khona-ke ukusebenza kokusetshenziswa kwazo kusondela ku-zero. Ukuthola isivuno esigcwele amakhabe nama-gourds kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, kuyadingeka ukwethula womabili amaminerali nezinto eziphilayo. Umanyolo ungaba ngesimo se-liquid noma esiqinile. Ake sibheke kabanzi ukuthi yini eyakha eyodwa noma enye into enempilo.
I-nitrogen
Umanyolo ojwayelekile wamaminerali yi-urea (urea), i-ammonium nitrate ne-ammonium sulfate.
Urea
I-Urea ngumanyolo we-nitrogen odumile othinta kahle ukukhula kwesitshalo, osheshisa inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwezinto emhlabeni kunomthelela ekukhuleni ngokushesha kwesisindo esiluhlaza. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela azokhula kwikhabe, futhi inani lezimbali lizoba lincane. Ukuvunwa ngemithamo emikhulu ye-urea kuzobonakala ngemibala engajwayelekile kanye nokuwohloka kokunambitheka.
I-Urea ingenye yamanyolo athandwa kakhulu amaminerali phakathi komanyolo weNitrogen.
Ammonium nitrate
Umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen njenge-ammonium nitrate une-34% nitrogen. Akunconywa ukuthi uphakamise ama-gourds nalokhu, ngoba ama-nitrate aqongelela ezithelo, ezithinta kabi impilo yabantu. Kodwa-ke, uma uqonda, ama-nitrate akhuphukile angakhiwa kuphela lapho i-nitrate ingeniswa ngobuningi obukhulu. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singasho ukuthi ukwethulwa kwe-nitrate ngaphansi kwe-ikhabe ngamanani amancane ngeke kulimaze impilo yomuntu.
Ammonium sulfate
I-Ammonium sulfate ihlukile kwamanye umanyolo weNitrogen ngoba uqukethe isibabule. Inzuzo yalomanyolo yizindleko zayo eziphansi uma uqhathanisa ne-urea ne-nitrate. Ngaphezu kwama-gourds, i-ammonium sulfate ingasetshenziselwa izihlahlana zezithelo nemifino. Isici esibalulekile salo manyolo ukuthi le nto ayinangozi ngokuphelele kubantu.
Omunye wamanyolo we-nitrogen osetshenziswa njengokugqokwa kwezimbiwa phezulu yi-ammonium sulfate, equkethe isibabule ngaphezu kwe-nitrogen
Phosphate
Omunye womanyolo obalulekile wanoma yisiphi isitshalo, kufaka amakhabe, ama-phosphate noma ajwayelekile kuwo wonke - umquba we-phosphate (phosphates soluble). I-Ammophos ne-superphosphate kungahlukaniswa kokuthandwa kakhulu.
Ammophos
I-Ammophos iyi-granule elimpunga ekhanyayo equkethe i-12% nitrogen no-52% phosphorus. Musa ukudidanisa ama-ammophos nama-ammophos, ngoba lawa angamanyolo ahluke kancane. Ngaphezu kwe-nitrogen (12%) ne-phosphorus (15%), i-ammonium phosphate nayo iqukethe i-potassium (15%) nesibabule (kuze kufike ku-14%).
Abanye abalimi banombono wokuthi ekubunjweni kwama-ammophos akukho nitrogen eyanele. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lokhu kuhlanganiswa kusetshenzisiwe, okokuqala, njengokuphana kwe-phosphorus. Ukufaka umanyolo kuthuthukisa ukukhula kwesistimu yezimpande zezitshalo, kukhulisa ukumelana kwezifo kanye nesimo sezulu, kuthuthukisa umkhiqizo, kwenza ukunambitheka kwesithelo kube nokuthe xaxa, futhi kuthinta nokuphepha isivuno esivuniwe. I-Ammophos ilungele ikakhulukazi izifunda ezomile lapho inhlabathi ingenayo i-phosphorus.
I-Superphosphate
Umanyolo onjenge-superphosphate ungaba izinhlobo ezahlukene:
- elula;
- kabili;
- granular;
- ujabule.
Amanye ukwakheka aqukethe i-magnesium, i-molybdenum, i-boron nezinye izinto. Inani le phosphorus kumanyolo liyahluka ukusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-50%. Inzuzo enkulu ye-superphosphate ukuthi ingumanyolo onganyibilikiswa amanzi. Lokhu kuvumela isitshalo ukuthola umsoco lapho sisebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu ngendlela yesisombululo samanzi.
I-Superphosphate ngumanyolo wezamaminerali onganyibilikiki onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus (20-50%)
Potash
Njengoba i-potassium ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo, ukwethulwa kwayo okungeziwe ngeke kube ngaphezulu.
Potassium chloride
Omunye womanyolo ojwayelekile we-potash wezinsini yi-potassium chloride. Le nto ikhulisa ukumelana kwe-watermelon emathonyeni nasezifo ezithinta imvelo, iqinisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Ukwakheka kwe-potassium chloride kufaka i-65% potassium ne-chlorine, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kugezwe ngokunisela kanye nokuthola umoya okuvela emhlabathini. Njengokudla kwe-potash kwezitshalo, ungasebenzisa i-potassium sulfate noma i-potrateum nitrate.
Ukugqoka kwamakhabe e-organic
Umanyolo we-organic ungahlukaniswa ngezinto zemvelaphi yezilwane nezemifino. Ziqukethe i-nitrogen, potassium ne phosphorus. Zonke lezi zinto kufanele zisetshenziswe ngemithamo efanele.
Imifino
Njengokondla izitshalo, humus, ukumnika utshani, i-vermicompost, kanye nomlotha wezinkuni zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Humus
Inketho enhle kakhulu yokondla amakhabe i-humus, okuyingxenye yenhlabathi eyakhiwe ngesikhathi sokubola kwezitshalo nezinsalela zezilwane. Iqoqo eliphakeme kakhulu le-humus litholakala enhlabathini ye-chernozem. Njengomanyolo onjalo, kusetshenziswa imisele yomvundla, amahhashi kanye nodongwe lwenkomo.
Ukumiliselwa Herb
Umanyolo olula futhi ngasikhathi sinye okuwusizo ukumukelwa kotshani. Yilowo nalowo endaweni yakhe phakathi nenkathi ulwa nokhula, enza ukhula. Kodwa-ke, lapho-ke akudingekile ukuthi ususe utshani ngokusishisa - bungasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukumiliselwa. Yize ukudla okunjalo okune-organic kungeke kuthathe indawo ye-humus, ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene komanyolo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno esihle.
Ividiyo: Umanyolo womhlaba wonke ovela kumakhambi
I-Vermicompost
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuma kwi-biohumus, ngoba Umanyolo olungiselelwe ngesisekelo sale ngxenye unomsoco izikhathi eziningana kunomquba nomquba womgquba. I-Biohumus ngumanyolo we-organic osuselwa ekucutshungulwe kwezinto eziphilayo enhlabathini yizikelemu zaseCalifornia. Ngemuva kwenqubo yokucubungula, ukugaya okuvela emzimbeni kuhlala kuhlala emhlabathini, kufanelekile ukufakwa yizitshalo. Inzuzo ye-vermicompost ukungabikho kwe-pathogenic microflora kanye nembewu yokhula. Umanyolo athuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezithelo futhi ukhulisa ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni.
Umlotha wezinkuni
Abalimi nabalimi basebenzise kakhulu umlotha wezinkuni, okuwumkhiqizo ovela ekuhlanganiseni kwezinkuni, ukhula, utshani, amahlamvu. Umlotha uqukethe izinto eziqinisekisa ukukhula okuvamile kwezitshalo. Lokhu kufaka i-zinc, i-magnesium, i-sodium, isibabule, ifosforasi, i-calcium, i-boron. Ngokungeniswa okufika ngesikhathi komlotha emhlabathini, ukumelana kwesitshalo ezinambuzaneni kuyanda, ukumelana kwezifo nokunambitheka kwesitshalo kuthuthuka.
Omunye wamanyolo atholakalayo yi-ash ash, equkethe izinto ezifana ne-zinc, i-magnesium, i-sodium, isibabule, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-boron
Izilwane
Phakathi komanyolo we-organic wemvelaphi yezilwane, ethandwa kakhulu ngumquba, amaconsi ezinyoni, mullein.
Umquba
Umuntu angasho ngaphandle kwehaba ngomquba ukuthi lo ngumanyolo obaluleke kakhulu futhi obhebhethekile womanyolo. Ukwakheka kwawo kungahluka ngokuya ngemfucumfucu esetshenziselwe izilwane (sawdust, utshani). Kuyemukelwa jikelele ukuthi umquba omuhle kakhulu lowo usebenzisa umbhede wotshani. Ngenxa yotshani, Umanyolo uthola isakhiwo esihle, futhi lapho inqubo yokubola izinto ze-organic inikezwa. Ngokuya ngezinga lokuwohloka komquba, ikhwalithi yomanyolo iyahluka: ukuphakama kwesilinganiso sokubola, umquba usezingeni eliphakeme, ngoba kulula ngezitshalo ukumunca izakhamzimba.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi unake iqiniso lokuthi umquba omusha awusetshenziswanga, kepha usetshenziselwa okwedlulele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukufaka umanyolo ngomanyolo onjalo kuzokuphazamisa kabi ukungatheleleki kwezitshalo, kubambezele ukukhula kwawo, nokunambitheka okubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umquba omusha ukhiqiza isilinganiso esilinganayo sokushisa ekuqaleni kokubola kwawo, okungamane kubhubhise izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu enjalo yomanyolo wezitshalo zokhula namaqanda ezinambuzane ziqukethwe, okuthi uma zilethwe emhlabathini kuzolimaza kuphela.
Umanyolo ngumanyolo obalulekile owenziwe umanyolo osetshenziswa kabanzi ukuthuthukisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi.
Izinyoni ezilahlayo
Amaconsi ezinyoni athandwa ngokulingana, ikakhulukazi inkukhu. Umuthi uqukethe izinto eziningi ezilusizo, ikakhulukazi, i-magnesium, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium. Umkhiqizo futhi ubonakala ngokuwohloka okusheshayo kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi akufanelekile ukusebenzisa imfucumfucu ngendlela yayo emsulwa, ngoba Umanyolo unesifo esiningi.
Ukusetshenziswa ngokunganaki kokudonsa kwenkukhu kungaholela ekushisweni kwezitshalo, ngoba i-uric acid ikhona ekubumbeni. I-Litter isetshenziswa, njengomthetho, ngesimo sezixazululo zezakhi ezisebenzisa uketshezi, ixubha ngamanzi, ekwindla isetshenziswa ifomu eyomile, kanti entwasahlobo iyambiwa. Ingafakwa entwasahlobo, kepha kuphela ngesimo somquba omningi. Umquba wudaba lwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokubonakalayo olubolayo ngaphansi kwethonya lomsebenzi obalulekile wamagciwane.
Ividiyo: Ukondliwa okuphuma ezinjeni
I-Mullein
I-Mullein - Umanyolo owathandwa abalimi abaningi, obesetshenziswa njengokugqoka okuphezulu nokumelela ukumiliselwa komquba wenkomo. Umkhiqizo unemvelo imvelo. Uqukethe inani elikhulu le-nitrogen, i-calcium, i-potassium ne-phosphorus, kanye nezinye izinto eziwusizo. IMullein iyisisindo esinezeleko ebusweni bayo okuhlala kukhona ama-bubble amancane.
Ukumiliselwa kweMullein kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekondleni izilimo ezahlukahlukene engadini kanye nensimu
Yikuphi okungcono: Umanyolo wezimbiwa noma i-organic
Imibono yabalimi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo ihlukile: abanye bakhetha into esebenzayo kuphela, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ngaphandle komanyolo wamaminerali awukwazi ukuthola isivuno esihle. Sinjani isimo? Leli phuzu kufanele lihlolisiswe ngemininingwane eminingi ukuze uqonde ukuthi imaphi umanyolo akhethekayo nokuthi kungani.
Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi i-organics iboniswa ngesenzo eside uma siqhathaniswa nomanyolo wamaminerali. Lokhu kungenxa yokubola okuhamba kancane kwezinto eziphilayo enhlabathini, okufaka isandla ekwenzeni ngcono ukwakheka kwawo, kanye nokuqongelela i-humus. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo komanyolo we-organic kuzoba nomthelela ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate ezitshalweni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kumanyolo anjalo.
Izinzuzo zamanyolo wamaminerali afaka ukusetshenziswa kalula. Namuhla ungathenga amakhompiyutha adingekayo ezitshalo ezithile, kepha noma umanyolo onjalo awakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yokuzala kwenhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto zifaka umhlabathi inhlabathi, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali ezinhlabathini ezinama-acid ngaphandle kokukhawutha ngeke kube yize. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iningi lezitshalo zemifino nezithelo zithanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi, enenhlabathi futhi enama-alkaline kancane. Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi ene-acidic, izitshalo azikwazi ukumunca izakhamzimba kuzo. Ngakho-ke, ngokukhulisa ikhabe, inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi iyadingeka, i.e. pH = 7.
Umanyolo we-Organic ungasetjenziswa ngempumelelo ngaphandle kwezakhi zamakhemikhali. Endabeni yokusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali, kungekudala kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenziwe umquba ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwenhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, usebenzisa into e-organic kuphela, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthole izilinganiso eziphakeme, ezihambisana nokuntuleka nokulinganisela okungafanele kwezakhi zomzimba. Yize umanyolo we-organic uqukethe i-nitrogen, akwanele ngesikhathi esidingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ukufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali ngezilinganiso ezifanele kunomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni, ekuthuthukisweni nasekutheni izithelo zezithelo. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi ama-organics kanye namaminerali ayahambisana futhi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa zombili izinhlobo zomanyolo.
Ividiyo: Umanyolo wamaminerali noma we-organic
Amakhambi wokugqoka ama-watermelon
Kuwo wonke izinhlobo zomanyolo, amakhambi abantu awaziwa kangako ngokugqoka okuphezulu.Lokhu kufaka imvubelo ne-ammonia.
Imvubelo
Okokufaka imvubelo ephezulu, kusetshenziswa imvubelo yombhaki ojwayelekile. Isixazululo esinezakhi ezisuselwa engxenyeni enjalo senza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- kwenyusa ukuzala kwenhlabathi;
- kuvusa ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Ukuthuthukisa inzalo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwama-microorganisms azuzisayo kwimvubelo, futhi uhlelo lwezimpande luyanda ngokugqoka okungaphezulu kaningi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela isitshalo esinamandla ngokwengeziwe, ngasikhathi sinye esithola inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba.
Ngamakhabe, ungalungiselela i-ratsvor enempilo kusuka kwimvubelo ejwayelekile, equkethe ama-bacterium azuzayo
Amoniya
I-Amoniya noma i-ammonia (i-ammonia) ngesinye isikhathi ingasiza ohlelweni lwamakhabe akhulayo. Njengoba into iqukethe izinhlanganisela ze-nitrogenous, izitshalo zithola izinto ezidingekayo ngenkathi kucutshungulwa zombili amahlumela namaqabunga. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ammonia kufanele kwenziwe kabusha njengezinyathelo zokugcina, okungukuthi, lapho isitshalo singasindiswa ngezinye izindlela.
I-Amonia (i-ammonia) imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukuvundisa izitshalo zasengadini, ngoba into equkethe i-nitrogen compounds
Ukugqoka okwenziwe ngezimpande
Noma yiziphi izitshalo engadini zingondliwa ngezindlela zezimpande nezefoliar. Ukugqoka izimpande kuyindlela enkulu yokwethula izakhamzimba enhlabathini eduze kohlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo, oluqinisekisa ukukhula nokukhula kwalo okujwayelekile. Indlela yezimpande ingafakwa kuwo womabili amaminerali kanye nama-organics kwifomu eliwuketshezi noma eliqinile.
Izithako ze-Liquid zingalungiswa kusuka ku-slurry, mullein, droppings bird noma ash wood. Izinto ezinjalo zethulwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo okusebenzayo, isb. NgoMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziwuketshezi zisetshenziselwa ukukhula kancane nokunciphisa izitshalo. Umanyolo oqinile we-organic, onjengomquba ovela ezilwaneni zasepulazini, amaconsi ezinkukhu kanye nonogwaja, ufakwa engxenyeni ephezulu ekwindla.
Uma ukuthanda kunikezwe kumanyolo wamaminerali, khona-ke izinto ezinganyibiliki kahle kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukugqoka izimpande. Lokhu kufaka i-nitrofoska, urea, ammophos nabanye. Umanyolo we-insoluble minerals (nitrogen, potash, phosphorus) usetshenziswa enhlabathini ekwindla. Ngentwasahlobo, umhlaba uzogcwala ngokugcwele ngalezi zinto eziwusizo futhi nezitshalo zizokwazi ukuzitholela ejwayelekile.
Ukugqoka izimpande kuyindlela enkulu yokwethula izakhamzimba enhlabathini eseduze kohlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwefoliar
Ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwe-watermelon, okubizwa nangokuthi yiqabunga (ukugqokwa phezulu ephepheni), kungukufakwa kwezakhi zomzimba ngamaqabunga, hhayi ngohlelo lwezimpande. Ubumqoka kanye nenzuzo yale ndlela yokufaka umanyolo ukuthi izakhamzimba zingena ezitshalweni ngokushesha kunendlela yezimpande. Kodwa-ke, ngendlela yefoliar, akunakwenzeka ukuthi unikeze izitshalo inani elikhulu lokudla. Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-Foliar kusetshenziselwa kaningi ekwethulweni kukamanyolo we-micronutrient ngamanani amancane, isb. Kunjengokwengeza ekuphondweni kwezimpande.
Ukusabalalisa isisombululo sezakhi ngaphezulu kweziqu namahlamvu ezitshalo, baphendukela kufafaza. Kungcono ukwenza le nqubo ekuseni noma amahora kusihlwa. Esikhathini sasemini, ungafafaza kuphela esimweni sezulu esinamafu, okuzovumela ukwakheka ukuthi uhlale emaqabunga isikhathi eside. Noma ngabe umanyolo usetshenzisiwe, i-organic noma i-mineral, udinga ukuqaphela mayelana nokuqoqwa kwekhambi. Ukwakheka okugxile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngamanyolo we-nitrogen, kungashisa amaqabunga. Ekufafazeni kwentwasahlobo, i.e. lapho amahlamvu esemncane, kufanele kusetshenziswe izixazululo ezinciphisiwe zangaphansi kunokuba kungelashwa amahlamvu aqhakazile. I-Urea ivame kakhulu lapho kufafazwa: nayo ingasetshenziswa ekujuleni okuphezulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ze-nitrogen.
Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-Foliar kwethulwa ngokufafaza isiqu namaqabunga ezitshalo, okukuvumela ukuba ulethe izinto ezisebenzayo kusitshalo
I-Watermelon Fertilizer Scheme
Lapho ikhabe likhula, zondla lesi sitshalo amahlandla amaningi. Kuya ngesigaba sokuthuthuka kwesiko, kusetshenziswa umanyolo othile. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ingxube enhlabathini evundisiwe eyenziwe ngomhlaba ne-humus ngesilinganiso se-1: 3, kanye ne-potash, phosphorus kanye ne-nitrogen manyolo we-1 tbsp. l
Umvundisi wezithombo zamakhabe
Lapho kukhula izithombo zamakhabe, kufanele zinikezwe nokudla ukuze izitshalo zingantuli into ethile. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, izithombo zidinga ukondliwa izikhathi eziyi-1-2. Omunye womanyolo ofanele kakhulu wale nhloso amathonsi ezinyoni. Ukulungiselela isisombululo sezakhi, udoti uhlanganiswa namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10, emva kwalokho izitshalo ziyoniselwa. Ngaphezu udoti, ungasebenzisa futhi i-mullein, umanyolo ovela kuwo ulungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo. Uma ukuthanda kunikezwe kumanyolo wamaminerali, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-urea. Hlikihla into ngokuhambisana nemiyalo. Umanyolo obhalwe ohlwini uqukethe inani elikhulu le-nitrogen, okudingekayo ezitshalweni ezisesigabeni sokuqala sokukhula.
Ngokuqondene nokugqoka okuphezulu ngokwayo, okokuqala izithombo zivundiswa ngesikhathi kumiswa amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, okwesibili - amaviki ama-2 ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Ithonya elihle ekuthuthukisweni kwezithombo linomlotha wezinkuni. Ingafakwa ngezindlela ezihlukile: uthele inani elincane ngaphansi kwempande noma thela i-1 tbsp. umlotha ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese uthele izitshalo ngesixazululo sezakhi.
Izithombo zokuqala zamakhabe zondliwa ngokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso, okwesibili - amaviki ama-2 ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini
Emavikini lamabili ngemuva kokudlulisela izithombo endaweni eyiyo, ituthiswa nge-ammonium nitrate. Ukulungiselela isisombululo emanzini ayi-10 l, kufakwa izidakamizwa ezingama-20 g bese kuthi 2 l kudliwe isitshalo ngasinye. Umanyolo we-organic ungasetjenziswa esikhundleni samanyolo wamaminerali: i-mullein (1) (1) nanyana ukuphosa inyoni (1: 8) kufakwe amanzi, ama-30 g we-superphosphate ne-15 g we-calcium chloride afakwa ebhakedeni lokwakheka.
Unganikeza futhi izitshalo ngokudla okudingekayo ngokufakwa okususelwa kotshani obuluhlaza. Umnyombo wokulungiswa komanyolo ukugcwalisa ithangi elikhulu levolumu ngotshani obuluhlaza, kulandelwe ukungezelelwa kwamanzi nokugcizelela amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu: le ngxube kufanele ivunwe. Ungangeza umlotha wezinkuni noma izinkukhu, ekwandiseni inani lokudla lesisombululo. Ngemuva kokuvutshelwa, isixazululo esikhona siphucululwa 1: 10 ngamanzi bese sinisela 1 litre ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Ukuhlala kumakhambi abantu, ngemuva kokudluliselwa kwamakhabe, ungondla ngethwele. Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lomanyolo kwenza ukuthi kudluliselwe ukuthathwa kuzitshalo cishe ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Imvubelo eluhlaza ikulungele kangcono ukugqoka okuphezulu, kepha abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa imvubelo eyomile. Ukulungiselela isixazululo sezakhi kusuka kwimvubelo, kufanele wenze izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Dissolve 100 g of the product in 3 l lamanzi ngokufakwa kwenani elincane loshukela (1 tsp).
- Faka isixazululo sezinsuku eziyi-7, ngemuva kwalokho sihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10.
- Ilitha elilodwa lomanyolo lithululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
Ividiyo: ukondla ikhabe ngokufakwa kwamakhambi ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini
Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngaphambi kokuqhakaza
Esigabeni sokuhluma, amakhabe nawo kudingeka ondliwe. Njengokudla, ungasebenzisa i-4 g ye-calcium chloride ne-ammonium nitrate, kanye no-6 g we-superphosphate ngesitshalo esisodwa. Umanyolo ungafakwa ngendlela eyomile ngokunisela ngaphambi nangemva kwenqubo yokondla.
Ukugqoka lapho ubeka izithelo
Esikhathini se-ovary sokudla amakhabe, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wama-gourds. Uma kungekho, ke yondla izitshalo amahlandla ama-2 kaningi ngezinsuku eziyi-15. Njengomsoco, i-boric acid iyasetshenziswa, ezonikeza izithelo ubumnandi. Ukuze ulungiselele isisombululo emanzini ayi-5 l, i-5 g ye-asidi iyathelwa bese kwenziwa ukugqokwa phezulu. Ukwenza i-potassium-magnesium ukugqoka, kuyadingeka ukuncibilikisa amaphilisi ama-2 e-Asparkam ku-0,5 wamanzi. Isixazululo sibuye sengezelwe indlela yefoliar.
Lapho kusethwa izithelo, ukugqoka kungenziwa ngomanyolo olandelayo: i-superphosphate (10 g), usawoti we-potassium (35 g), i-ammonium sulfate (24 g), encibilikiswa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi futhi unisele izitshalo ngaphansi kwempande yamalitha ama-2 ngesihlahla ngasinye. Yize i-superphosphate inyibilika emanzini, kufanele iqale igcwaliswe ngamanzi abilayo. I-Potassium ekudleni okunjalo isheshisa ukuvuthwa, kanti ne-phosphorus inesibopho sobukhulu bezithelo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukweqisa i-phosphorus kuzoholela ekwakhiweni kwezithelo ezincane.
Ukondliwa okufanele kwamakhabe kukhuthaza ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okunobungane nokuhleleka kwezithelo ezinhle
Ukuhlinzeka ikhabe ngezinto ezidingekayo zokulandela umkhondo kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo sinikezwa umanyolo wefolishi kaningi wezinsuku eziyi-10-15. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa i-Uniflor-micro (amathisipuni ama-2 nge-10 amalitha amanzi) noma ezinye izidakamizwa: I-Master, Terraflex, Crystal, Novofert, Nutriflex. Izinto zisetshenziswa ngokuya ngemiyalo, ekhombisa umthamo odingekayo kanye nesigaba sokufaka isicelo. Uma isitshalo sesiyekile ukukhula, sinamaqabunga amancane noma aphuzi, isiqu esibuthakathaka, akukho eziqhakazayo, manje sekuyisikhathi sokufaka i-ammonia tincture. Ukuze ulungiselele isisombululo sezakhi, xuba u-3 tbsp. l izinto ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho bahlangana kahle futhi baphuze izihlahla zamakhabe, bagwema ukungena emaqabunga.
Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi uhlelo lonke lokuphisa amakhabe nezinye izitshalo alukho. Okuningi kuncike ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, isifunda sokutshala, isimo sezitshalo, okudingeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ubheke ngaso futhi wenze izinto ezidingekayo ngesikhathi. Into esemqoka ukungayenzi ngokweqile. Uma udaba lwe-organic lwangeniswa enhlabathini, kubalulekile ukwethula umanyolo we-nitrogen kanye ne-phosphorus ethe xaxa. Uma umhlaba, kunalokho, awunayo i-humus, kuyadingeka i-nitrogen eyengeziwe.
Ividiyo: kokufaka umquba ngezinongo zomanyolo
Naphezu kobunkimbinkimbi obubonakalayo, wonke umuntu angathola izithelo ezimnandi nezikhulu zamakhabe esakhiweni sakhe siqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukulandela imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo futhi, unaka isimo sezitshalo, ufeze isikhathi esifanele umsoco ofanele. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukondliwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele sokukhula kwezitshalo kuyisihluthulelo sesilimo esisezingeni elifanele.
