Ungazikhiqiza kanjani kabusha i-honeysuckle: izindlela zokukhiqiza, izici zabo, izinkinga nezisombululo

IHoneysuckle isiko elisha ezingadini zethu. Lesi isithelo sokuqala kakhulu nesokuqala esivula isizini futhi esisindisa ekuphepheni kwamavithamini entwasahlobo. Izithelo zalo ezinamanzi amancane ziqukethe amavithamini C amaningi no-B namaminerali amaningi awusizo. Kuhle uma izihlahla eziningi ze-honeysuckle zikhula esizeni, kepha kude nawo wonke umuntu uyaphumelela ukwenza ubungani nalesi sitshalo okokuqala. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi ungasabalalisa kanjani i-honeysuckle kahle ngezikhathi ezahlukile zonyaka, futhi sicabangele nezinzuzo nobubi bendlela ngayinye yokuzalanisa.

Izindlela zokusakazeka kweHoneysuckle

Izitshalo eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-honeysuckle, zingagcini ngokusizwa kuphela ngosizo lwembewu, kodwa futhi nangotshani:

• ukwahlukanisa isihlahla;
• ukuhlelwa;
• ukusika;
• ukugoma;
• ngokubopha.

Ngayinye yalezi zindlela inezinzuzo nezithelo zayo. Lapho kusatshalaliswa imbewu, izici zezinhlobonhlobo zivame ukungagcinwa, kepha ngenxa yalokho, ungathola isitshalo esidlula kakhulu isimo somzali waso kwizakhiwo zaso. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezikweni zokulima, kepha kwesinye isikhathi awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwawo. IHoneysuckle ihlwanyelwa kulezo zimo lapho:

• endaweni lapho indawo itholakala khona, izimo zezulu ezinzima ziyavela (isithwathwa esinzima, isomiso) nezitshalo ezivela ngaphandle azihlanganisi;
• akunakwenzeka ukuthutha isithombo esigcwele imbewu;
• Ngifuna ukuzilolongela nokukhulisa izinhlobonhlobo zami.

Ithebula: ubuhle nobubi bezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuzalela

Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwe-honeysuckle

Ukuze kulondolozwe izimpawu zesitshalo somama, izitshalo eziyizigaxa ezingamabhungane zitholakala ngendlela yezitshalo. In Emakhayeni azimele, i-honeysuckle ivame ukusakazwa ngokuhlelwa kwezindawo nokusikwa.

Ungasikhetha kanjani isitshalo somzali

Kunoma yikuphi, okokuqala kufanele ukhethe isihlahla se-uterine. Udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi isitshalo esincane sizobukeka njengomama ezimweni ezingama-98 kwezingu-100. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha isinqumo sokukhulisa isithombo ngokwakho, qala ngokubheka umzali wesikhathi esizayo phakathi nenkathi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo:

1. Isihlahla kufanele sibumbane, ngaphandle kwamagatsha aqothulayo futhi akukho zimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo.
2. Amajikijolo aqhamile, amakhulu, akufanele aqhekeke esimweni esingavuthiwe futhi aqheqhe ngokuqinile lapho kuvunwe.
3. Izinzuzo ezengeziwe - ukwahlukanisa okomile nokuvuthwa kanyekanye kwezithelo.

Amajikijolo esihlahleni se-uterine kufanele abe makhulu futhi abe mnandi

Ungasenza kanjani isisekelo kusuka esihlahleni se-uterine se-honeysuckle

Uma udinga isitshalo esisodwa kuphela, qhubeka kanje:

1. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngesikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga, amagatsha angaphansi esihlahleni se-uterine asatshalaliswa kahle emhlabathini futhi aqiniswa nge-hairpins noma ngesihlaka sokhuni. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi igatsha aliphuli noma liphuliwe phansi.
   

   Ukudubula kwe-honeysuckle kuhleliwe nge-hairpin futhi kufafazwe ngomhlaba, phezulu iphakanyiswa kancane
2. Leli hlosi lingambozwa ngokushesha ngomhlabathi, bese kuthi phezulu ikhanda kuphakanyiswe kancane. Ngesizini ezayo, izimpande zakha egatsheni elimboze umhlaba.
3. Ekwindla noma entwasahlobo ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu, lesi sitshalo esisha sihlukaniswa yizisebenzi ezivela ku-alcohol yotshwala, zigaywa ngesigaxa somhlaba bese zidluliselwa ngobunene endaweni entsha.

Uma uhlela ukuthola izitshalo eziyi-10-20 kusuka esihlahleni somzali esisodwa, bese wenza ukubekeka okuhlukile ngokuhlukile:

1. Baphonsa amagatsha amaningana, musa ukulala ngokushesha ngenhlabathi, ubashiye kulesi sikhundla kuze kufike izinsuku ezifudumele. Entwasahlobo, kusuka emagatsheni amasha avundlile, amahlumela amasha akhula ngokuthe nkqo.
   

   Ukuthola izithombo eziningana, ihlumela le-honeysuckle ligobile emhlabathini futhi liphinwe ezindaweni eziningana

2. Kancane kancane, kumithamo ye-3-4, amagatsha aphiniwe afafazwa nomhlaba, aqiniseke ukuthi amaqabunga apical amahlumela amasha ahlala ekhona ebusweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, maphakathi nehlobo, igquma lomhlaba elisegatsheni elivundlile kufanele lifinyelele ku-15 cm ukuphakama.
3. Ngezikhathi ezithile, isihlahla siniselwa ngokucophelela, ngoba izimpande lapho kubekwa khona kwakhiwa kuphela endaweni enomswakama.
4. Ekwindla, kugaywa igatsha, kuhlukaniswe notshwala bomama bese kusikwa izingxenye - ngokwesibalo sezithombo ezitholakele. Izingcezu ezinezimpande zitshalwa kangcono ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo noma ekhulayo.

Lapho ukusakazeka ngokugoqa, kutholakala izitshalo eziqinile ezinohlelo olunezimpande oluyimpande. Izithombo ezinjalo ziyagula kancane ngesikhathi sokufakelwa futhi zinganikeza isivuno esiphelele ngonyaka olandelayo.

Izithombo ze-Honeysuckle ezitholwe kusuka ku-layering zinesistimu yezimpande ye-branched

Izimpande zeHoneysuckle zizwela kakhulu ubisi. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kugaywa futhi kuhanjiswa.

Izici zokusika kwe-honeysuckle

Ukusika kuyindlela yokusakazeka lapho izingxenye zesitshalo zivela ngokwahlukana notshwala bukamama. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokusika:

• Kunesithunzi - kunqunywe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kusuka amahlumela wangonyaka ophelile. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinso zivuvukale kancane, kepha ungabi nesikhathi sokujika.
• Luhlaza okotshani ekuqaleni kwehlobo.

Izithombo ze-Honeysuckle zingatshalwa kusuka kuzilimo ezigayiwe ezisikiwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu.

IHoneysuckle isatshalaliswa kangcono kakhulu ngokususwa kwe-cutways eluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela idinga ukwenziwa ngokucophelela kwazo zonke izigaba zomsebenzi.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika okuluhlaza

Amahlumela aluhlaza asikwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngokushesha nje emva kokuvunwa. Ngokuxhunyelelwa, khetha amagatsha amade, anamandla - anezakhamzimba eziningi. Lapho kukhula inani elikhulu, izifafaza ezisakazeke kahle kufanele zifakwe ku-greenhouse. Izindawo zokukhosela ezincane zingagcina i-microclimate efisayo nomswakama ngokwazo.

Izigaba zezithombo ezikhulayo:

1. Amahlumela anqunywa futhi ngokushesha abekwe ngendwangu emanzi noma ifilimu, elifafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka esibhamu sokufafaza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela amaqabunga eqabunga.
2. Ekamelweni noma ngaphansi kombhede, amahlumela anqunywa kusika ku-3-4 internode. Ukusika okungenhla kwenziwa ngisho, kubuyela ku-0,3-0,5 cm ngaphezulu kwezinso, kanti nesiqu sinqunywa ngokuqondile kusuka ngaphansi.
3. Ecebeni eliphumele, wonke amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwephezulu, ayasuswa. Yenza lokhu ngokucophelela, uzama ukungalimazi isikhumba ezinso - lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu iphesenti lokusinda. Kungcono ukunquma amaqabunga ngesikere, ushiye ucezwana oluncane lwe-petiole. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, amahlumela e-honeysuckle ahlala afafazwa ngamanzi, embozwe ngefilimu evela emoyeni naselangeni.
   

   Amahlumela weHoneysuckle anqunywa ukusikwa ngama-3-4ode, ashiye amaqabunga aphezulu kuphela kuwo
4. Izinhlobo ezisikiwe zihlanganiswa futhi zifakwe emanzini ukuze kube kuphela amaqabunga ebusweni. Zibeke endaweni epholile, enomthunzi amahora angu-12-20. Ngezikhathi ezithile, amaqabunga afafazwa. Izimbumbulu kufanele zigcwaliswe kahle ngamanzi ngaphambi kokutshala.
5. Ama-cutways aluhlaza atshalwe ngesikhathi esipholile - ekuseni kakhulu, kusihlwa noma ngesikhathi semvula. Inhlabathi ilungiswe kusenesikhathi, kufanele ikhululwe ngasikhathi sinye futhi ibambe amanzi kahle. Imvamisa thatha i-deoxidised nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1. 1 cm wesihlabathi ohlanzekile ubekwe ngaphezulu. Le ndlela isiza ukuvimbela isikhunta. Ama-Arcs efilimu nawo afakwe ngaphambili.
6. Izimbambo zinamathele enhlabathini kude ne-5-7 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, njengoba izitshalo ezaphukile noma ezishayekile zingathathi izimpande. Phezu kwesele kukhona umqhele ka-3-4 cm onamaqabunga. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukusikwa kuhlale kufakwa umswakama njalo. Inhlabathi ichithwa kahle ngamanzi.
   

   Izingcezu ze-honeysuckle eziluhlaza zinamathela enhlabathini kude ne-cm cm ukusuka komunye nomunye

7. Ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini, ukusika okuluhlaza kumbozwe ngefilimu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa impahla emhlophe ethe xaxa ngale njongo, ifilimu elijwayelekile lingafakwa umbala nge-agrofibre ekhanyayo.
8. Izisiki zivaliwe ngokuqinile. Uma kungekho ukuthambisa okuhle, khona-ke lo greenhouse uyaniselwa kanye ngosuku, ekuseni, ukuze umswakama uvele phakathi nosuku uzinze emaqabungeni.
   

   Izimbambo zimbozwe ngefilimu noma enye into ebonakalayo ukudala izimo ezithandekayo zezitshalo

Ukusika izimpande emasontweni angama-3-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, baqala ukuzijwayeza kancane kancane izimo zezemvelo, bevula ukusikwa kupholile kosuku. Ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga, izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa emhlabathini ojwayelekile ukuze zikhule.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izimpande kwifomu le-honeysuckle cuttings ifomu emavikini angama-3-4

Ividiyo: Ukusikwa kweHoneysuckle esizeni sakho

Ama-cutways aluhlaza angabangelwa hhayi kuphela ku-greenhouse, kodwa nasemabhodleleni epulasitiki asikiwe ngesigamu (akukho ukusikwa okungaphezu kuka-3-4 okubekwe kwelinye). I-mini-cuticle enjalo ayinakuniselwa, sinele kuphela isikhathi 1 sokuthambisa inhlabathi kahle.

Ukusakazeka kweHoneysuckle ngembewu

IHoneysuckle isitshalo esivumelaniswa nesimo sezulu esibandayo. Imbewu yayo imila kuphela ngemuva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni aphansi okushisa (stratation).

Yenza inqubo elandelayo:

1. Esitsheni esincane (i-10-15 cm ukujula) yenza izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Kungaba ngumbethe wepulasitiki, imbiza endala yezimbali noma ezinye izinto ezifanelekile.
2. Ithangi ligcwele isigamu ngengxube yesihlabathi, i-peat kanye nehlathi lomhlaba ngokulinganayo. Inhlabathi kumele ikhulule futhi ithathe amanzi.
   

   Iziqukathi ezilungiselelwe ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu ye-honeysuckle igcwele inhlabathi

3. Amajikijolo avuthiwe abekwe ngaphezulu, ambozwe ngenhlabathi cishe ngo-0.5-1 cm futhi aniswe kancane. Imbewu incane, ngakho ukuhlwanyelwa okujulile kungathinta iphesenti lokuhluma.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho isembozo simboziwe, sangcwatshwa engadini, sivalwe ezilwaneni futhi sashiywa kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
   

   Isitsha esinembewu ye-honeysuckle sifafazwa ngomhlaba, iqhwa bese sishiywa engadini kuze kube sentwasahlobo

Le yindlela elula yokuhlehlisa. Ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, isitsha sembewu siyiswa egumbini bese izithombo zigadwe. Esigabeni seqabunga lokuqala langempela, amahlumela atshalwe ebhokisini lezithombo (ngokwesikimu 5 by 5 cm) noma ezitsheni ezihlukile. Okulandelayo - nakekela izithombo ezejwayelekile.

Uma ukwazile ukuthola amajikijolo phakathi nobusika, lapho-ke i-stratification ingenziwa ngenye indlela:

1. Inhlabathi ejwayelekile ye-peat, ethengiswa ezikhungweni ezingadini, ithululelwa nge-potanganum permanganate evunyelwe futhi ivunyelwe ukupholile.
2. Inhlabathi iqoqwa esitsheni sepulasitiki esinesembozo, khona-ke amajikijolo abekwa ngaphandle afafazwe ngesendlalelo yomhlaba (kuze kufike ku-1 cm). Vala kancane, uthele kancane bese ufakwa egumbini lokuqandeka, lapho imifino ihlala igcinwa khona (lokushisa + 5 ... +8^mayelanaC)
   

   Ukuze imbewu ye-honeysuckle idlule ngempumelelo ukuhlukaniswa, isitsha sibekwa esiqandisini, egumbini lokugcina imifino

3. Ngezikhathi ezithile, isitsha siyabhangiswa, isikhunta siyasuswa, kufakwa amanzi amancane njengoba kudingeka.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-1-1,5, izithombo zingavela. Ngemuva kwalokho isitsha sikhishwa ngaphandle, izitshalo ezincane zigaxela ezimbizeni esigabeni seqabunga lokuqala langempela. Uma ungakhethi ngesikhathi, izithombo zizolula kakhulu futhi zife ngokuqina. Ehlobo, izitshalo zithathelwa phezulu emoyeni, njengoba ngaphakathi kukhula ukukhula futhi kube buthakathaka.

Ingxenye yembewu igcina ukuhluma kuzo zombili izithelo eziqandisiwe nezomile. Amajikijolo weHoneysuckle athengwe esitolo angasetjenziselwa ekuhlanyeleni.

Ukunakekela izithombo

Lapho utshala i-honeysuckle encane endaweni ehlala njalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sisanda kungena emasikweni nje. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko wensimu ukudala izimo eziseduze kwendawo yemvelo ye-honeysuckle. Kungcono ukhethe indawo enomthunzi omncane lapho ilanga livela khona cishe isigamu sosuku. Kunconywa ukutshala isitshalo kude nezindlela nezindawo ezivamile.

IHoneysuckle inzima kakhulu ukubekezelela ukufakelwa kanye nanoma yimuphi umonakalo wezimpande. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukulungiselela umgodi kusenesikhathi, bese udlulisa isithombo endaweni entsha lapho phakathi nesikhathi sokufa (ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga nangaphambi kokuqhuma kwamahlamvu). Ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu futhi ngokushesha isiyingi se-mulch sifakwe ngotshani obunjiwe. Ngezikhathi ezithile ukubuyekeza lo mulch. Ukhula olungafuneki ngocingo, ukukhulula nokumba okungenani iminyaka emihlanu yokuqala, kuze kube yilapho isihlahla sikhula kahle. Ukuthena futhi akwenziwa kuze kube yiminyaka emine. Lapho-ke ungalungisa ukuphakama kwesihlahla, unciphise umqhele bese ususa amagatsha amadala nawomile.

IHoneysuckle isitshalo esisebenzayo esisebenzayo nesingadingi ukugcinwa ngokucophelela, ukuthungwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokufaka umanyolo. Mhlawumbe kuzodonsela kubasekeli bezolimo abalinyazi. Abalandeli bezinkambiso kuzofanele bajwayele ukuthi i-honeysuckle ingeke ime naphansi ngaphansi komhlaba. Bhekisisa lesi sitshalo, ungasishiyi singanakekelwa, bese kuthi lapho usithinta kakhulu uzokwazi ukubona ubuhle bokuthiya behlathi.