Isitshalo seqanda isitshalo esithanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke, ngisho nasemgqeni ophakathi, ukuyikhulisa enhlabathini engavikelekile kunzima. Kepha eningizimu, kusukela esifundeni esiseMiddle Black Earth, lo ungumlimi ojwayelekile kakhulu. Enye yezinhlobo ezintsha sha ezihloselwe umhlabathi ovulekile wezindawo ezifudumele yi-Black Beauty. Ukuthandwa kwaso kukhula ngokushesha, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo ziningi zezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-eggplant Black handsome
I-eggplant Black handsome - inhlobonhlobo entsha, kepha usevele wathandana nabalimi abaningi. Ngokufunda izincazelo eziningi, umuntu angathola ukungafani okubalulekile kuzimpawu zemifino nasemlandweni wemvelaphi yawo. Kuyavela ukuthi konke kulula. Indoda emnyama ebukeka kahle ihunyushelwa esiNgisini ngokuthi uBuhle oMnyama, futhi ngaphansi kwaleli gama kukhona, futhi isikhathi eside, inhlobo ehluke ngokuphelele (ngokuqondile, i-hybrid) yemvelaphi yamaDashi. Sizozama ukususa ukudideka futhi sichaze ngqo izinhlobo ezifuywayo zaseBlack Beauty.
Umsuka, isifunda esikhulayo
Le nhlobonhlobo yavinjelwa esifundeni saseMoscow ngochwepheshe be-Agrofirm Search LLC, futhi ayinconywa ukuba itshalwe emabhizinisini amakhulu akhula ngemifino. Ngokuya kweRegional State yeRussian Federation, lapho kwaqaliswa khona uBlack Beauty ngo-2006, izinhlobonhlobo ziyanconywa ngokutshala iziza zomuntu siqu emhlabathini ongavikelekile. Ngakho-ke, kugxilwe kakhulu kubahlali abajwayelekile behlobo kanye nabalimi abancane.
Kuyiqiniso, ama-eggplant awakwazi ukutshala endaweni evulekile ezindaweni ezibandayo zezulu, futhi umqulu osemthethweni uncoma ukuhlukahluka okuphathelene kuphela nezifunda zeCentral Black Earth neNyakatho Caucasus. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke kutshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwendlela enjalo kukhulise ubujamo bokuhlakulela izinhlobonhlobo. Ukhule ngempumelelo kumzila ophakathi nendawo, kufaka phakathi isifunda saseMoscow, ngisho nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
Izici ezijwayelekile zezinhlobonhlobo
Izandla ezimnyama ziyinhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesizini ukuze isetshenziswe indawo yonke: izitsha eziningi ezahlukahlukene zalungiswa kusuka lapho, kanye namalungiselelo ebusika. Isihlahla salesi sitshalo seqanda sisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, sinwebeka ngokulinganayo: cishe ukuphakama okungama-70 cm. Isiqu singama-lilac noma siblue, sinama-internode amafushane, ama-pubescent aphakathi nendawo. Amaqabunga nawo abukhulu obujwayelekile, aluhlaza okotshani.
Izithelo zingumbala onsundu, onsundu-umbala omfushane noma onsundu ngombala, zicwebezelayo, zikhula ngobude zize zibe ngu-13cm cm, kwesinye isikhathi zifike ku-20 cm. Isisindo sazo zisuka ku-120 ziye ku-200 g. Ngaphakathi kwezithelo zinenyama emhlophe ophuzi ngaphandle umunyu nenani elincane lembewu. Ikhasi lincane kakhulu. Ukunambitheka kwanoma iziphi izitsha ezivela kulesi sitshalo seqanda kuchazwa njengokuhle kakhulu.
Izithelo ezivuthwe ngokuphelele zeBlack Ubuhle zingaba nombala omnyama
Isivuno singaphezulu kwesilinganiso, sicishe sifane neDiamondi eyaziwayo. Ngesihlahla esisodwa esinobuchwepheshe obusezingeni elifanele kwezolimo, ungaqoqa cishe ama-3 kg wesitshalo seqanda. Isilinganiso sokukhiqiza nge 1 m2 cishe ama-7-8 kg. Izinhlobo ze-Eggplant zeBlack Ubuhle zigcinwa isikhathi eside futhi ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuhamba kahle, okwenza izinhlobonhlobo zithembisa ukuthengisa.
Emhlabathini ovulekile, zona kanye izithelo zokuqala zikulungele ukuvunwa cishe izinsuku eziyi-120-140 ngemuva kokuba imbewu yokuqala iveziwe, ku-greenhouse ngaphambili. Ngokuhlwanyelwa okufika ngesikhathi kwembewu, lokhu kwenzeka cishe phakathi kwehlobo; izithelo zihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, kuthi eningizimu ithathe inyanga yokuqala yasekwindla. Kwakhiwa izithelo, kusukela emahlathini aphansi kakhulu esihlahla.
Ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi bangagcini nje ukulinda kuze kufike lapho isitshalo seqanda sesivuthiwe ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi nokuba sifinyelele usayizi omkhulu kakhulu ongafinyeleleka: amantombazane amancane, aphakathi nendawo aphakathi nendawo acwebile kakhulu, ngisho nokukhonkotha akudingekile.
Ukumelana kwezinhlobonhlobo zezifo ezaziwa kakhulu kungaphezu kwesilinganiso; kubekezelela nezinguquko ezisheshayo esimweni sezulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukhula ku-greenhouse, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ngokuqinile umswakama kanye nokushisa: ngaphandle komoya, amathuba ezifo zaluphi uhlobo lwe-isitshalo seqanda akhuphuka kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, iBlack Ubuhle isitshalo seqanda esisezingeni eliphakathi nesizini sinezithelo ezinhle zokusebenzisa indawo yonke.
Ithebula: Izici eziphambili ze-eggplant Black handsome
| Isici | Inani |
| Ukuphakama kwezitshalo | 70-85 cm |
| Isikhathi Sokuvuna | Izinsuku ezingama-120-140 |
| Isisindo nokwakheka kwengane | I-120-200 g i-pear-emile |
| Umbala wezithelo | I-brown violet iye ku-violet emnyama |
| I-Pulp | Kuphuzi okumhlophe, akukho ukudabuka |
| Ukunambitha nenhloso | Kuhle, kuguquguqukayo |
| Isilinganiso esiphakathi | 7-8 kg / m2 |
| Ukumelana nezifo | Phezulu |
Ukuvela kwesitshalo
Ngokutshala okufanele, izithelo ze-eggplant Black Ubuhle zibonwa ngosayizi omaphakathi nombala ojwayelekile weqanda. Uma nje kungenzeka ukusho ukuthi izithelo ziyabonakala kahle ngokubukeka. Manje, enkathini yokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene, lokho kungaba ukweqisa.
Izithelo ze-isitshalo seqanda indoda ebukeka kahle emnyama ibukeka njengeparele, futhi umbala wayo uyi-isitshalo seqanda zakudala
Esihlahleni, izithelo zivame ukuhlelwa ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane, nebanga elincane ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngasikhathi sinye, iqembu lama-ama-eggplant, njengomthetho, lizalwa futhi liqhubeke cishe kanyekanye.
Umuntu omuhle omnyama uzalela izithelo ngamaqembu amancane, yize engenakubizwa ngokuthi ngamaqoqo
Izinzuzo nobubi, umehluko ovela kwezinye izinhlobo
Lokhu akusho ukuthi konke ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kufanelana ekuphazanyisweni "Ah!", Kepha abathandi nabaphrofeshinali baphawula eziningi zezimfanelo ezinhle zeBlack Handsome nama-amateurs. Lokhu, ngokwesibonelo, ukuguquguquka kokusetshenziswa kwezithelo, kanye:
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu;
- ukubumbana kwesitshalo;
- isethulo esihle sezithelo, ukuthutha kwazo;
- ukunambitheka okuhle kwanoma iziphi izitsha eziphekwe, ngaphandle kokudinwa;
- ukungathobeki kokuhamba;
- ukumelana nezifo eziphakeme;
- ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ekushintsheni kwezimo zezulu;
- inani elincane lembewu.
Okubi okuhlobene kuvame ukukhonjiswa:
- ukungabi khona kokukhula kulayini ophakathi nendawo ngaphandle kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo;
- ukuthembela okuqinile kokukhiqiza ezingeni lobuchwepheshe bezolimo;
- izimfuno eziphezulu zokukhanyisa.
Kodwa-ke, zimbalwa izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ezingenazo lezi zinto ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, azikho izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zenhlabathi engavikelekile etshalwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezindaweni ezipholile. Yize, ngokwesibonelo, iKings of the hybrid eseNyakatho ikhule ngempumelelo ngaphandle kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo ngisho naseSiberia, kepha ukubuyekezwa mayelana nokunambitheka kwayo kuyaphikisana kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zeNegus muhle kakhulu esimweni esinjalo, kepha izithelo zawo ukunambitha kuhlolwa kuphela ukuthi zinhle. Ikhwalithi yeqanda leqanda le-Esaul liyaziswa kakhulu, kepha isivuno salo liphansi.
Ukuma kwezithelo, lokhu kuhlukahluka kukhumbuza isitshalo seqanda u-Albatross, obekwe esifundeni saseLower Volga, kepha i-Albatross ivuthwa ngandlela thile ngaphambili, futhi ukumelana kwayo nezifo kubi kakhulu. Phambilini, izithelo ezibunjiwe zohlobo lwe-Vera zilungele ukuvunwa, kepha azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhathanisa kungaqhubeka kuze kube nini nanini: uma uhlobo oluhle lwalukhona, abanye bebungeke bufunwe.
Izici zokutshala nokukhula
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu impela kuphela lapho kungenzeka ukuthi zikhule ama-amaqanda amaqanda ngendlela engasihlwanyeli, futhi nangaleso sikhathi azama ukutshala izinhlobo zokuvuthwa. Ukuze ube nesikhathi sokuvuna indoda eyiBlue Handsome, ukuhlwanyela imbewu engadini kuyadingeka ekuqaleni noma maphakathi no-Ephreli. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya ngalesi sikhathi lisethwe okungenani i-15 mayelanaC, bese eningizimu bahlwanyela imbewu embhedeni kuze kufike ku-2 cm, bahlwanyela izimbobo ezi-3-4 emgodini ngamunye. Njengomthetho, yonke imbewu ayihlumi, ngakho-ke ishiya eyodwa, ihlumela elinamandla kunazo zonke, ngezinye izikhathi ezimbili. Kodwa ngisho nasezifundeni ezifudumele kakhulu, izilimo zimbozwa ngefilimu, futhi izithombo zigcinwa ngaphansi kwesembozo sefilimu amasonto okuqala.
Ukutshala nokukhulisa izithombo
Esikhathini esiningi samacala, ukutshala amaqanda amaqanda kuqala ngokutshala imbewu yezithombo. Kufanele ikhule ekhaya, ngoba kuyisiko elithanda ukushisa ngokweqile. Balungiselela inqubo ende, baqoqa imbewu, inhlabathi yezithombo kanye neziqukathi ezilula ebusika.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-eggplant kufaka izigaba ezaziwa kahle kunoma yimuphi umlimi, ngoba leli siko kungcono ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukhetha, ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha ezimbizeni ezinkulu, ku-Peat ngokuphelele. Inqubo yokukhulisa izithombo yinde futhi inzima, iqukethe imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ukubulala amagciwane imbewu (ukwelashwa okuhhafu wehora ngesixazululo esimnyama se-potassium permanganate) nomhlabathi (ukuchitheka ngesisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink sokulungiswa okufanayo);
- lukhuni lwembewu evuvukile esiqandisini futhi siyicubungule nganoma yisiphi isisusa sokukhula (okungenani 1: 5 ijusi le-aloe elihlanjululwe ngamanzi);
- ukuhlwanyela imbewu kumabhodwe we-peat kuya ekujuleni kuka-1.5-2 cm;
- ukwehlisa okuphoqelekile kokushisa komoya ngezinsuku ezingama-5-6 kuya kwezingu-16-16 mayelanaKusuka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala;
- ukugcina izinga lokushisa okungenani 23-25 mayelanaC ngemuva kwalokhu;
- ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo okulinganiselayo kanye nezambatho eziphezulu ezi-2 eziyisithupha ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi;
- lukhuni kwezithombo, lwenziwa izinsuku ezingama-7 000 ngaphambi kokulufaka emhlabathini.
Izithombo zanoma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-isitshalo seqanda zitshalwe embhedeni eneminyaka engu-60-70 yezinsuku. Izithombo ezinhle zingamakhasi okungenani angama-20 cm; kufanele zibe namaqabunga amakhulu amahlanu kuya kwayi-8. Okungenani endaweni ebamba ukushisa, okungenani enhlabathini engavikelekile, izithombo zingadluliswa kuphela lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi selikhuphukele okungenani kwe-15 mayelanaC. Uma amazinga okushisa nsuku zonke ngalesi sikhathi engakafiki ku-18-20 mayelanaC, indawo yokukhosela yamafilimu yesikhashana kufanele ifakwe.
Izithombo zezithombo ezinhle zeqanda zifana nomuthi omncane
Isikhathi esiqondile sokutshala izithombo sincike hhayi kuphela esimweni sezulu eside, kodwa futhi esimeni sezulu samanje esifundeni. Cishe eningizimu, izithombo zidluliselwa engadini ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ezindaweni eziphakathi enyangeni kamuva, naseSiberia noma e-Urals - maphakathi noJuni. Kodwa-ke, indoda emnyama ebukeka kahle akufanele itshalwe emhlabathini ongavikelekile ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, ayihloselwe lokhu. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo kusihlwa lapho ilanga selishonile, futhi kuhle kakhulu uma isimo sezulu esinamafu silindelwe ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3 ezizayo.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini bese uqhubeka nokunakekela
Imibhede ye-isitshalo seqanda isilungiselelwe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, ngokuphelele - ngisho ekwindla. Ngokuqinisekile bavunyelwe kahle ngomquba obolile ngokufakwa komlotha wezinkuni kanye nenani elincane lomanyolo wamaminerali. Indawo engaphansi kwesitshalo seqanda kufanele ibe yilanga futhi ivale emiphumeleni yemimoya ebandayo. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele esingafinyeleleki kahle, imibhede "efudumele" yenzelwe le mifino: izinsalela zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zibekwa ezingxenyeni zazo eziphansi, ukubola kwazo okuholela ekushiseni kwenhlabathi endaweni yezimpande. Ama-eggplant atshalwe kujule kancane ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthi akhula kanjani ezimbizeni.
Amabhishi eBlack Beauty abekwa phezu kombhede ngokuya nganoma yisiphi uhlelo olungelula, kepha ibanga phakathi kwawo ligcinwa okungenani ngamasentimitha angama-40-50. Indlela yokutshala izithombo zalesi sitshalo seqanda ayihlukile kuleyo evunyelwe ngokuvamile. Izimbiza ezinamanzi anezithombo zifakwa emigodini engaphambi kokumba ngokujula okuncane, cishe ama-2-3 cm. Umthambeka esimweni se-isitshalo seqanda awusetshenziswa. Kungcono ukuthi unamathele ngokushesha kwizikhonkwane: yize iqiniso lokuthi lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukude kakhulu, kuvame ukudinga i-garter. Izithombo endaweni entsha ziniselwa ngamanzi afudumele elangeni, emva kwalokho inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo imbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwe-mulch. Qinisekisa ukumboza okutshalekile okokuqala, okuhle kunakho konke - ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe.
Izithombo ze-eggplant zitshalwa ngokweqiniso futhi cishe azingcwatshwa.
Ekuqaleni, kuze kufike lapho izithombo ziqina futhi ziqala ukukhula, akukho okufanele kwenziwe ngakho, ngaphandle kokubheka indawo yokukhosela. Bese ukunakekela isitshalo seqanda kuqukethe ukunisela, ukugqoka phezulu, ukwakha isihlahla, ukuyihlanza. I-Eplplant cultivar Black handsome ingenye ye-hygrophilous, futhi kufanele iniselwe njalo, okungenani kanye ngesonto ngesilinganiso sokugeleza kwamabhakede ama-3-4 ngemitha yesikwele. Kuhle ukukwenza lokhu kusihlwa, kufuthelwe yilanga ngamanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu kwezithelo, ziniselwa kaningi. Ngemuva kokunisela kanye ukomisa kancane komhlaba, ukudambisa umhlabathi ngokujulile kuyadingeka, kuhambisana nokubhujiswa kokhula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izihlahla zizovala, kuzoba nzima ukuzithukulula, esikhundleni salokho zisebenzisa i-mulching eqhubekayo engadini.
Kakade ngemuva kwamaviki angu-1.5-2 emva kokutshalwa kwezithombo, isitshalo seqanda sinikezwa ukugqokwa kokuqala okuphezulu, futhi kuphela izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ezidliwayo phakathi nehlobo. Izinto eziphilayo akumele zinikezwe okuningi, futhi i-nitrogen engakhethi futhi: lokhu kuholela ekukhuleni ngokweqile kwezihlahla kuze kulimaze ukuqunjelwa kwezithelo okugcwele. Futhi uma ukondla kokuqala kwenziwa ngokufakwa kukamanyolo we-organic (i-mullein noma imidwebo yenkukhu) noma ngesisombululo samanyolo anzima (njenge-azofoska), khona-ke inani le-nitrogen liyancipha ngokuzayo. Basebenzisa ikakhulu i-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium, kepha ungangena esikhundleni salokhu kuresiphi ngomlotha ojwayelekile we-campfire.
Lapho kukhula isitshalo seqanda, iBlack Beauty ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokubekwa kwesihlahla. Kuqala ngeqiniso lokuthi yonke imifino isuswa ngaphansi kwemfoloko yokuqala. Lapho usufika kubude obungu-35 cm, cindezela ihlumela eliyinhloko. Uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu esibi, ukuzama ukulondolozela okungenani okutholakalayo, ama-stepons nawo ayasuswa. Uma inani lezimbali nama-ovaries likhulu, kubuthakathaka kakhulu buyasuswa: izithelo ezingaphezu kwe-10 ezigcwele ehlathini ziqabukela zingaphezu kwamandla. Lapho amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi, nawo ayasikwa; susa lezo ezimboza izithelo elangeni.
Ividiyo: ukutshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukubuyekezwa
I-Eggplant "Ubuhle Obumnyama" ngaqala ukukhula eminyakeni emithathu edlule. Lapho ngithenga imbewu ngayibona ngabathatha. Futhi ngangibathanda impela. Kule sizini angizange ngithenge enye imbewu ye-isitshalo seqanda ngaphandle kwe- "Black Beauty".
Kondratyuk
//otzovik.com/review_905298.html
Kuhlotshwe isitshalo seqanda esime kahle. Ngithanda kakhulu, hhayi okubabayo ngokuphelele, kodwa yokuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Izinhlobonhlobo engizithandayo!
Nymphaeum
//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6778
Ukutshale "uBlack Ubuhle" isitshalo seqanda esihle, kodwa eminyakeni emibili edlule ngatshala "Helios" kuphela, nxazonke, ngaphandle komunyu.
Alla Terekhova
//otvet.mail.ru/question/71837807
... akajabuli ngesivuno. NgeGiselle akunakuqhathaniswa. Kepha uma engakhulumi lutho. Kuhle kubuhlungu ukubhala ngaye, mhlawumbe ngizozama ukwenza ubungane naye.
Imisakazo
//www.asienda.ru/post/12716/
I-Eggplant Black enhle, ngokungangabazeki, ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zaphakathi nesizini. Ngeshwa, emhlabathini ongavikelekile ungatshalwa kuphela esimweni sezulu esifudumele, nokho, ezindaweni ezigcina izithombo izinhlobonhlobo zitshalwa ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ukunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo kuwufanele umzamo wokunakekela isitshalo seqanda.
