Kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ukukhetha izinhlobo zezitamatisi zokutshala: inani labo likhulu ngempela. Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela isaladi bese uliphonsa ebusika, vele udle ugcwale ihlobo ... Ngenhlanhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo yenhloso yendawo yonke, izithelo zazo ezinhle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. Enye yazo i-Chio-Cio-san hybrid entsha.
Incazelo yezinhlobo zamatamatisi i-Chio-Cio-san
I-F1 hybrid Chio-Cio-san yaziwa cishe eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule, kwathi ngonyaka we-1999 yabhaliswa neRegital State yeRussian Federation. Inhloso yawo enkulu, ngokombhalo osemthethweni, ukwanelisa izidingo zamapulazi amancane, abalimi abasebenza ngamakhaya, abahlali basehlobo kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe lethu, ngoba kunconyelwa ukuhlakulela i-hybrid emhlabathini ovikelekile. Vele, ezindaweni ezifudumele zizokhula kahle ngaphandle kwe-greenhouse, kepha noma ezindaweni zokugcina amafilimu ezilula zinikeza isivuno esikhudlwana, okungaxhomekeki esimweni sezulu "esike ngaphezulu".
Umlobi we-hybrid ungowenkampani eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "iGavrish", umqondo lapho wawuthuthukiswa, ngokusobala, wawusekusetshenzisweni nasekutshalekeni komhlaba wonke. Empeleni, kwenzeka kanjena: le utamatisi iyaziwa ezweni lonke lethu, nase-Ukraine, eBelarus naseMoldova eyomakhelwane.
Ngaphandle kokunconywayo kokusebenzisa izithelo ezintsha, zivunwa ngempumelelo nobusika, ngoba utamatisi awanambitheki futhi muhle kuphela, kepha futhi afanelana kahle ezimbizeni zengilazi ezijwayelekile, lapho, uma nje zigcinwe kahle, aziqhekezi futhi zibukeka zijabule kakhulu.
I-Chio-Cio-san ithathwa njengotamatisi ovuthwa ophakathi nendawo: izithelo zokuqala sezikulungele ukuvuna cishe izinyanga ezi-4 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini ezinhlanyelo ezikhulayo. Kungahlanyelo lwesithombo olwenziwa cishe kunoma yisiphi isifunda, yize eningizimu le nyanya ingatshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngokuqondile yimbewu. Lokhu kungummeleli ojwayelekile wezinhlobonhlobo zangaphakathi, okungukuthi, ukukhula kwesihlahla akunqunyelwe noma yini: kuyinike inkululeko, izokhula ngaphandle kokuma. Eqinisweni, uma ungacindezeli phezulu, isihlahla sikhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-2,5, ngakho-ke, sidinga ukwakheka nokubopha okufika ngesikhathi.
Izihlahla zikatamatisi ze-Chio-Cio-san zide kakhulu, zivame ukuboshelwa ngqo ophahleni futhi wonke amahlumela angadingekile ayasuswa
Amaqabunga e-Chio-Cio-san anosayizi ojwayelekile, aluhlaza ngombala omnyama, onemibala emincane. Imbali yokuqala (futhi futhi iyisithelo) ibhulashi ivela ngaphezulu kweqabunga lesi-9, kuthi-ke ngemuva kokuqanjwa kwamashidi amasha amathathu amasha. Izithelo zicwebezelwe, zimise okweqanda, zincanyana: isisindo sazo singama-g angama-40 kuphela. Umbala oyinhloko we-utamatisi ovuthiwe upinki, uqukethe izidleke zembewu ezingama-2-3 nenani elincane lembewu encane, isikhumba sinene futhi siminyene. Njengoba inani lezithelo esihlahleni likhulu, isivuno esiphelele sezinhlobonhlobo siphakeme, sifinyelela ku-8 kg / m2, kepha amacala okuthola kuze kufike ku-6 kg kusuka esihlahleni ngasinye nawo ayachazwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, isivuno sokuvuna sinobungane impela: iningi lezithelo zivuthwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukunambitheka kwamatamatisi kukalwe njengokuhle kakhulu, okumnandi, futhi lokhu kusebenza kuzithelo ezintsha nokheni. Ijusi elenziwe kubo nalo liyamangalisa, kepha isivuno salo sincane, ngakho-ke le utamatisi alunakuthathwa njengesinqumo esihle kakhulu sokulungiswa kwejusi, i-pastes, amasoso. Izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-dessert, kepha iphunga lesithelo libuthakathaka. Ukuvuna kubonakaliswa ngokuhamba okuhle nokuphila eshalofini, okuthi, ngokungangabazeki kusezandleni zabalimi abakhiqiza imikhiqizo engadini ngenjongo yokuthengisa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zithathwa njengesomiso-futhi zivikela izifo, zibekezelela ukushisa okwedlulele, azibalulekile emthunzini ongahlukani, kepha azikwazi ukuziqhenya ngokumelana kakhulu nokubanda okuqinile, njengezinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi. Ungazishiyi izithelo ezivuthiwe emasimini: lapho eseqile, ubungozi bokuziqhekeza muhle kakhulu.
Ividiyo: isimilo sotamatisi u-Chio-Cio-san
Ukubukeka Kwamatamatisi
Amanye utamatisi weChio-Chio-san abukeka, mhlawumbe, hhayi umxhwele kakhulu: phela, mancane, yize emuhle ngombala. Kepha lapho kukhona eziningi zazo, izithelo zinikeza umbono wengcebo ethile: Ngingakudla konke, kepha angikwazi!
Angikukholwa okokuqala lapho uzwa ngamatamatisi angama-40-50 kubhulashi, kepha kuyiqiniso!
Isihlahla esimbozwe utamatisi sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele. Ziningi kakhulu zazo kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukwenza phakathi kwazo amaqabunga neziqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe zonke izithelo ziqala ukuba namabala ngasikhathi sinye.
Kubonakala sengathi amaqabunga akulesi sihlahla awasadingeki: okungenani utamatisi awashiyi gumbi kuwo
Izinzuzo nobubi, umehluko ovela kwezinye izinhlobo
Ubuhle besihlahla se-Chio-Cio-san hybrid sivela encazelweni yaso. Okusemqoka kungancishiselwa kwabambalwa kuphela, kepha imishwana yokuthuthumela:
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kuhlanganiswe nokuvuthwa kwezilimo okunobungane;
- ukunambitheka okuhle;
- Universal universal ukusetshenziswa;
- isitoreji esihle nokuhanjiswa;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwezifo.
Okubi okuhlobene kufaka neqiniso lokuthi kufanele uhlale ubhekisisa amabhasi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-hybrid idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile: cha, it is hhayi ngokuzithoba, kepha ngaphandle kokwakheka kwesihlahla, isivuno sizokwehla, ngaphandle kwe-garter, sizolala emhlabathini, nezithelo ezingatotwanga ngesikhathi zingaqhekeka emagatsheni.
Izici ze-hybrid ezihlukanisa phakathi kwabanye abaningi ukuthi isibalo sezithelo ezincane ezihlwabusayo ezivuthwa ngasikhathi sinye emasimini sikhulu ngempela. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani labo likuvumela ukuthi udle utamatisi omusha omusha, futhi ulungiselele ubusika. Vele, singasho ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezifanayo, futhi lokhu kuzoba yiqiniso. Yize kunjalo, abafuyi bezitshalo batshise izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwekhulu, futhi eziningi zazo ziyehluka ngokuhlukile komunye nomunye.
Ngakho-ke, izithelo zikatamatisi odumile weDe Barao pink zifana neCio-Cio-san, kepha zivuthwa kamuva futhi zikhulu kancane. I-Pink Flamingo yinhle, kepha izithelo zayo ziphindwe kabili kukhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi apinki ngezinhloso zesaladi (i-Pink Honey, i-Pink Giant, njll.), Kodwa awukwazi ukuzifaka embizeni ... Izinhlobonhlobo ngayinye inenhloso yayo nabayithandayo.
Ama-flameso apinki nawo akhula ngamaqoqo, kepha lolu utamatisi omkhulu
Izici zokutshala nokukhula
Akunezinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi obuchwepheshe bawo bezolimo obuhluke kakhulu kwezinye. Ngakho-ke nange-hybrid Cio-Cio-san ngaphansi kokubhekwa: akukho lutho olungandile ekutshaleni nasekunakekeleni izihlahla kuyaphawulwa. Le hybrid evamile engafinyeleleki yokuvuthwa okuphakathi: ngala magama umuntu kufanele afune zonke izici zokukhula kwayo.
Ukufakelwa
Ukukhula utamatisi i-Chio-Cio-san kuqala ngokutshala imbewu yezithombo. Njengoba le nzalo ihlwanyelwe ikakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, kufanele uqondiswe ukuthi ngisho nasendaweni engafakwanga lapho ifilimu ingatshala izithombo kungakapheli maphakathi noMeyi (lokhu kungumgwaqo ophakathi nendawo), okusho ukuthi ukuhlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini kungenzeka maphakathi no-Mashi: izithombo kumele ziphile ekhaya azikho izinyanga ezimbili. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ezingaphezulu noma indawo evulekile, isikhathi sokutshala imbewu sizohamba ngamasonto ambalwa, lapho kuphela inyanga.
Izithombo ezikhulayo zingumcimbi okungekho muntu ohlala ehlobo ongakwenza ngaphandle kwalokhu, futhi esimweni samatamatisi akunzima kakhulu: okungenani awudingi ukunakekela ngokukhethekile izinga lokushisa, isimo sezulu nje esivamile sefulethi ledolobha lezithombo zezitamatisi. Kuphela ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, kuyadingeka ukuthumela amabhokisi endaweni ebandayo izinsuku eziningana. Yonke inqubo inezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukulungiswa kwembewu (kuqukethe ukulinganisa, ukubulala amagciwane, ukuqina).
Ngokushesha lapho kuvela imisila ezinhlanyelweni ezimanzi, zithunyelwa izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngegqabha elimanzi esiqandisini
- Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi (inhlanganisela yenhlabathi evunyelwe ngamanzi). Ukwakheka okuhle kungumhlaba wesod, oxutshwe ngokulinganayo ne-humus ne-peat, umlotha wezinkuni ungezwa engxube (ingilazi ebhakedeni lomhlabathi).
Indlela elula kunazo zonke ukuthenga ingxube yenhlabathi esitolo
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu esitsheni esincane, enobukhulu bungqimba lomhlabathi obungu-5 cm, amabanga ka-2-3 cm ukusuka kwelinye.
Noma yisiphi isitsha esikhona kanye nebhokisi lokudla okungadingekile kufanele ukuhlwanyelwa kwezimbewu.
- Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo: kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala - cishe angama-25 mayelanaC, ke (izinsuku ezingama-4-5) azidluli i-18 mayelanaC, bese kuthi ukushisa kwegumbi kugcinwe. Ukukhanyisela sonke isikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo zikatamatisi kufanele kube phezulu.
Lapho ukhula izithombo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa izibani ze-incandescent: kungcono ukukhetha ama-phytolamp, kepha ungasebenzisa futhi i-luminescent ejwayelekile
- Ukuphonsa izithombo zezinsuku eziyishumi nane ubudala ezinkomweni ngazinye noma ebhokisini elikhulu, nebanga elingama-7 cm phakathi kwezihlahla.
Lapho kugxilwa, izitshalo zingcwatshwa ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthi zikhula kanjani ngaphambili
- Ukunisela ngezikhathi ezithile futhi, ngaphezu kwazo, 1-2 kokufaka umanyolo nganoma yimuphi umanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali.
Lapho kukhula izithombo kulula ukusebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile
- Ukugcina: kuqala izinsuku ezingama-7- 7 ngaphambi kokuba bayotshala izithombo engadini noma ku-greenhouse.
Izithombo ezinhle ngaphambi kokutshala ku-greenhouse kufanele zibe zinde ngama-25-30 cm, futhi okubaluleke - zinesiqu esikhulu. Umbhede osekushiseni ulungiswa kusengaphambili; mhlawumbe ekwindla kufanele uguqule inhlabathi, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezifo. Umbhede uvuthwe kahle ngamanyolo, ikakhulukazi phosphorus. Entwasahlobo kuyabanjiswa futhi, uma befuna ukutshala izithombo kusenesikhathi, nabo bafudumeza ingadi (bayithela ngamanzi ashisayo bayimboze ngefilimu).
Ama-Wells alungiswa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zamatamatisi: bamba umgodi wosayizi odingekayo nge-scoop, engeza isigamu seglasi lomlotha nesipuni se-azofoska njengomanyolo wendawo, hlanganisa kahle nomhlabathi bese uthele ngamanzi afudumele. Izikimu zokutshala zisetshenziswa ngokuhlukile, kepha noma ku-greenhouse i-Chio-Cio-san etshalwe kancanyana: ibanga elincane eliphakathi kwezihlahla lingama-45 cm, noma okungcono - kufika ku-60 cm. Phakathi kwemigqa kuncane ngandlela thile. Uma kunesikhala, ngokuvamile batshala izihlahla ezimbili kuphela ngemitha eyodwa.
Ukulondolozwa komthambo wobumba ngesikhathi sokufakelwa isiqinisekiso esiyinhloko sokusinda kahle kwezithombo
Masishintsha ngokushesha izibalo zokuhlanganisa noma, uma kulula kakhulu, hlinzeka nge-trellis ejwayelekile. Izithombo ezitshaliwe ziniselwa ngokucophelela, inhlabathi phakathi kwezihlahla ifakwe umhluzi futhi isonto nesigamu azenzi lutho ngokutshala.
Ukunakekelwa
Ngokuvamile, zonke izinyathelo zokunakekela utamatisi u-Chio-Cio-san ajwayelekile: ukuthambisa, ukukhulula, ukhula, ukugqoka okuningi, kanye nokwakhiwa kwesihlahla, ukubopha kwayo ukusekela, ukulawula izinambuzane. Kungcono ukunisela kusihlwa, lapho amanzi ekwazi ukufudumala emathangini ngemisebe yelanga. Utamatisi akufanele udluliselwe, kepha futhi akunakwenzeka ukuvumela ukomiswa okuqinile kwenhlabathi. Emagumbini okugcina izithombo, kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ukugcina umswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke ibhalansi iyadingeka phakathi kwenombolo yokunisela kanye nomoya omncane wegreenhouse. Izitshalo ikakhulukazi zidinga amanzi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali nezithelo, futhi njengoba zivuthwa, ukuthambisa kuncishiswa kakhulu.
Ngenkathi isimo sezihlahla sivumela, ngemuva kokunisela, zizama ukukhulula inhlabathi, ngenkathi isusa ukhula. Utamatisi uyondliwa kungakhathalekile ukuthi unjani umhlaba: ukukhulisa umanyolo ehlobo lonke kusanele. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala kwenziwa emavikini angama-2-3 ngemuva kokufakelwa, bese kuphindwa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesizini. Ungasebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo, kodwa ngokuqala kokuvuthwa kwezithelo, kungcono ukungangezi i-nitrogen: i-superphosphate nomlotha kwanele.
Uma izihlahla zitshalwe ziningi, zivame ukwakhiwa, ngokwezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe, zibe iziqu ezimbili noma ezintathu, kusetshenziswa izitebhisi eziqinile ezingezansi njengeziqu ezengeziwe. Izingane zokugcina ezisele ziyaqhuma ngezikhathi ezithile, ngenkathi zingamasentimitha ambalwa kuphela ubude. Ngokuqina okuqinile, kusetshenziswe ukwakheka kwesiqu esisodwa. Cindezela iphuzu lokukhula lapho isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okufunwa ngumlimi, kodwa imvamisa lapho sifinyelela ophahleni lwegreenhouse. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga ngokweqile futhi ayakhululwa, kuqala ngabaphansi: lapho izithelo zokuqala zivuthwa, zivame ukushiya cishe zingenamacembe ngaphansi kwazo.
Noma imaphi amaphethini wamaphethini akhiwa, ukubopha kwawo kudingekile impela
I-Chio-Cio-san kufanele iboshwe kaningana phakathi nenkathi: okokuqala ngeziqu, bese ibhulashi lesithelo ngalinye. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela: iziqu zale utamatisi zintekenteke impela, futhi izithelo azibambeki ngokuqinile emagatsheni. Uma ngesikhathi izithelo zivuthwa, zimbozwa kakhulu ngamaqabunga, khona-ke ingxenye yamakhasi embozo nayo iyasuswa.
Le utamatisi icishe ayihlushwa yi-blight sekwephuzile nezinye izifo eziyingozi, ngakho-ke akadingi nokwelashwa kokuvinjwa kwezifo. Kepha izinambuzane ziyakwazi ukundizela zingene ziluhlaza bhe: lawa izibungu zesicabucabu, amhlophe amhlophe, ama-nematode. Ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi kucishe kuqinisekise ukungabikho kwalokhu okugcina, kepha imikhaza nezindwangu ezimhlophe kwesinye isikhathi kufanele zilwe. Ezimweni ezibucayi kuphela, kusetshenziselwa amakhemikhali kulokhu: Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu nezimvemvane ziqothuka ngokuthembekile ngemithi yabantu: ukumiliselwa kwegalikhi noma i-anyanisi husks, umlotha wezinkuni, uthuli lukagwayi.
Akunakwenzeka ukubambezela ukuvunwa kwamatamatisi: kungcono ukususa izithelo ezingavuthiwe (ziyovuthwa kahle ekhaya) kunokushiya ugcwele ezihlahleni: lo msele ungavamisileki ukuqhekeka. Kumazinga okushisa aphansi (cishe i-10-15 mayelanaC) utamatisi ugcinwa isonto nesigamu, futhi emiphongolweni - isikhathi eside.
Ividiyo: Isivuno sotamatisi seChio-Cio-san
Ukubuyekezwa mayelana ne-Chio-Cio-san ehlukahlukene
Futhi ngiyithande ngempela le nhlobonhlobo! Yummy! Utamatisi amnandi-amnandi njengoswidi. Futhi, kakhulu! Angiguli. Nakanjani ngizotshala unyaka olandelayo. Mhlawumbe, unathi nathi e-Krasnodar Territory!
Irina
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Ngayithanda iCio-chio-san, kukhona utamatisi ongcono ukunambitha, kepha lena ayiyimbi noma. Kuphela manje, kuvuthiwe okuncane uma yena, lapho usula isiqu, bese uqhekeka, akaqambi amanga isikhathi eside.
Elena
//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=2914.0
Ngibuye ngatshala neCio-chio-san kulo nyaka. Umbono unezinto ezimbili. Ngithande ukunambitheka, umbala, usayizi. Kwakunamatamatisi afinyelela kwangama-40 ebhulashi. Iphikisana nokuphakama kwezihlahla - kukhule uphethiloli ogcwele kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. UStepson wayesusa njalo, kepha wakwazi ukubakha ngamanani amakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ngo-Agasti kwakuyisilwane esikhulu sombala esasigxishwe emabeleni amatamatisi endaweni ethile esakhiweni.
Galla
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Kulonyaka ngikhule ngeChio-Cio-san, ngangiyithanda kakhulu, ngiholele isitshalo esihle kusiqu esisodwa, ungasisebenzisa ngisho nasekwakhiweni komhlaba, ngesitayela saseJapan, ukulimala sekwephuzile akubonwanga, kukhula ngoSepthemba, kepha emacembe, vele, ngasekupheleni kwesizini noma yikuphi ukubonwa okuvelayo, kwakumelwe kususwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengazo zonke izinhlobo zezinye izinhlobo. Kuthilogile - bazamile - kuhle, nokho kusalondolozwe utamatisi obomvu amaningana. Ngaphetha ngokuthi ezimweni zami udinga ukushiya amabhulashi amathathu, khona-ke iningi lezithelo ezisehlahleni ziyovuthwa. Ukuvuna.
Elina
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Ngifuna ukuhlanganyela nawe isipiliyoni sokukhula utamatisi esimnandi kakhulu se-Cio-Cio-San ehlukahlukene. Le yinhlobo engiyithandayo. Kubukeka kimi ukuthi lolu hlobo oluhle kakhulu lokukhula kwezimo zasehlobo. Izinhlobonhlobo zide kakhulu, engizithandayo. Esikhundleni sami sokugcina izitshalo zonke izitshalo azikho ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-2,5. Isici esahlukile salokhu okuhlukahlukene singamabhulashi anezihlahla kakhulu, lapho utamatisi aze afike ku-70 noma ngaphezulu akhula kahle futhi avuthwe. Izithelo zincanyana ngosayizi, zibunjiwe nge-plum, umbala upinki. Futhi ukunambitheka? ))) ... Bavele banambitheke kamnandi, banoshukela futhi banoshukela.
I-Pussycat
//www.12sotok.spb.ru/forum/thread11009.html
I-Chio-Cio-san ingelinye lamazithelo ethandwa kakhulu katamatisi, abonakala ngezithelo eziphakeme zezithelo eziphinki kodwa ezimnandi ezipinki. Kuhle ukubakhulisa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo: lapho, khona kanye nezithelo eziphakeme, nokunakekelwa okulula.Yize ukunakekela le nzalo kungenzima ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke kunganconywa kunoma yimuphi umlimi.
