I-Phacelia - isitshalo esiwusizo nesinembile. Lesi isitshalo esicebile se-melliferous, ukudla okuhle kakhulu kanye nenhlobo ephelele ye-nitrogen fertilizer. Abalimi abaningi babonisa isithakazelo ngokweqile kule sitshalo futhi kuzo zonke izindlela kungenzeka babheke ulwazi mayelana nezici "zokuphila kwe-nectar store". Isihloko sethu sizoveza ezinye izimfihlo zokutshala, ukudla, ukuchelela, ukukhula nokunakekela phacelia, okuzosiza wonke umuntu ofuna ukuzuza kakhulu kulo mkhakha.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Phacelia - ummeli wezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomndeni wama-hydrophilic, okungukuthi, imithombo yamanzi, okuyinto, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, inezinhlobo ezingu-80 kuya ku-200. 
Lesi sitshalo sasivela eMelika futhi sijwayele insimu yethu. Kodwa, ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zembali ezingakhula nathi. Izinhlobo ezine kuphela ezifunwa kakhulu, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokufunda ngezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zezinyosi ze-phacelia.I-Phacelia ikhulile kusuka kumbewu, ayikho imingcele mayelana nokuthi uzoyihlwanyela nini. Isitshalo se-Honey singafinyelela kusuka ku-20 cm kuya ku-1 m ukuphakama. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, iziqu zayo zincane, zibuthakathaka futhi zinomsoco, futhi zilandela emva kwezinkukhu zibe nzima.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini ngasinye isiqu se-phacelia sikhula kuze kube ngu-20 ohlangothini oluthile ngama-inflorescences amaningi. I-inflorescence eyodwa ingabamba izimbali ezingu-20-40, futhi isitshalo sonke kuze kube yizinkulungwane. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza emasimini sisukela ezinsukwini ezingama-20 kuya kwezingu-45: okokuqala, izimbali ziqhakaza ngezansi, bese kancane kancane zifika phezulu.Isitshalo soju siyabonakala kalula ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet wezimbali zawo kanye nephunga elimnandi eliheha izinyosi ngokushesha. Ubude bezimbali zomzimba owodwa cishe cishe kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sihlwanyela futhi sivundise inhlabathi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zembali enjalo - ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ayinakuzithoba ngokweqile ezimweni, ikhula futhi i-spikes ngokushesha, i-blooms cishe yonke ihlobo, okuvumela ukuba uqoqe ingxenye enkulu yobusi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlanganise inhlabathi enhlabathini ngezici ezilandelanayo eziwusizo.Izinhlobo zokukhula engadini
I-Phacelia ayinazo izakhiwo ezinobusikazi kuphela nezindawo ezinomusa, kungumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa ingadi yakho ezosiza ukuvikela ezinye izitshalo ezinambuzane nezifo. Isitshalo se-Honey sizohlobisa insimu futhi siyigcwalise ngamakha amahle.
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-phacelia ezifanele ukuhlobisa ingadi. Ukuze uhlakulele engadini, sincoma ukukhetha izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- UBellied phacelia. Esikhathini esithombeni, i-phacelia ye-bell efana ne-bell ifana ngempela namabellane ombala obomvu okwesibhakabhaka, ene-2.5-3 mm. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufinyelela ku-40 cm. Iziqu zinombala obomvu. Juni - ukuphakama kwezimbali zezilwane.
- Ngo-May, ingadi yakho iyohlotshwa ngezimbali. phycelia. I-inflorescences yalesi sitshalo ifana nezimpukane nezimbali ezinombala obomvu nezibomvu ezine-2 cm. Ukuphakama kweziqu zalezi zinhlobo kufinyelela ku-100 cm. Zombili iziqu kanye namahlumela alo zihlanganiswe nge-villi.
- Phacelia Purshaokuyinto ukukhula kufinyelela ku-50 cm. Lokhu kubonakala kugxilisa umbala othakazelisayo wezimbali - ophakathi kwawo umhlophe, futhi emaphethelweni kukhona pink ephuzi. Kodwa lokhu akuyona inhlanganisela kuphela. I-Pursha ngumholi ngokuhlukahluka kobuciko.
- Phacelia waphonsa ibizo layo ngenxa ye-inflorescences ezisontekile zezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezimhlophe, ezilinganiselwa ku-0.5 cm. Izimbewu zembewu yalezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswa nezakhiwo zazo zokuhlobisa.
Lapho ukutshala khona phacelia
I-Phacelia iyinkimbinkimbi eguquguqukayo okungekho inhlabathi embi. Isitshalo singatshalwa kunoma iyiphi indawo efanelekayo. Isimo kuphela ukuthi uma ukuhlwanyela inhlabathi kumele kube semanzi, kungenjalo imbewu ayikwazi ukukhula. 
Uma ufuna ukutshala umquba ohlaza ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela umhlaba futhi ukhethe lowo ovikelwe ekomelweni ngokweqile ngamabhande noma izindawo zokungcebeleka. Kulesi simo, umswakama uzogcinwa futhi uqoqwe.
Izitshalo ezilandelayo nazo ziyizitshalo zobuningi: ukulimaza, i-cilantro, i-acacia ephuzi nomhlophe, i-sunflower, ukudlwengula, i-linden, i-heather, i-snyat, i-oregano, i-melluna, i-cherry plum, i-pear, i-cherry, i-apula.
Ukukhanyisa
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho baxwayiswa ukuba batshale imigqa yobusi kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu, okubangela ukukhanyisa okuhle kwesitshalo sezimbali, ilanga eliqondile. Phela, izimbali zidinga ukukhanya okwanele. Ngokukhanyisa okufanele, lesi sitshalo "sizobonga" iningi lama-nectar.
Uyazi?Ihektare elilodwa le-phacelia eliqhakazayo lingathola ithani lezinyosi: izinyosi ziqoqa izikhathi ezingu-5 uma zihlala eduze nesitshalo seju.
Uhlobo lomhlabathi
I-Phacelia ayithobeki emhlabathini oyibumba: ingahlwanyelwa, kokubili emanzini nasemhlabathini omile noma omile. Kodwa, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe ifaneleke kakhulu enhlabathini ehlwanyelwe ecebile izakhi. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uju aluhambisani nokhula, okumele luhlanzeke ngaso sonke isikhathi. Akunconywa ukutshala izimbali emithambekeni noma ezindaweni ezimile futhi ezigcwele. Umswakama owengeziwe ungathinteka kakhulu umsebenzi obalulekile wesitshalo se-siderata. Umlimi wezithelo kufanele ahambisane nesilinganiso.
Isitshalo samaju sikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela futhi senze inhlabathi: izimpande zawo zikhulule futhi zenze ngisho ne-airy enzima. Ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala, ezinye izitshalo ezitshalwe esakhiweni "zizozizwa" zihle kakhulu emva kwazo.
Imithetho Yokutshala Uju
Cabanga indlela yokutshala i-phacelia entwasahlobo.
Wonke umuntu ofuna ukuzuza ku-nectarose kufanele acabangele lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukwelapha imbewu yesitshalo esizayo nge-herbicide ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kungalimaza izithombo.
- Ehektheleni elilodwa leqhinga lomhlaba kululekwa ukuba usebenzise imbewu eyi-10-12 kg.
- Ku-1 sq. M. sidinga kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-10 g yembewu.
- Uma uhlwanyela, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwemigqa engaba ngu-15 cm.
- Imbewu idinga ukujula enhlabathini enomanzi ngo-1.5-3 cm.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi imbewu ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele futhi ivikelwe ekukhanyeni. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke bakhuphuke.
- Ngokuphathelene nombuzo wokuthi lapho kudingekile ukuhlwanyela i-nekaronos entwasahlobo, ayikho imingcele: ungahlwanyela ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa eliqhakazile, kungenzeka ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Lesi sitshalo singabandeki futhi asesabi ama-frosts entwasahlobo. Ezindaweni ezinomile, izimbali kufanele zihlwanyelwe ngoMeyi.
- Ngokusho kocwaningo, imbewu enhle kakhulu ingatholakala ngoJuni, ngoba lesi simila sinconywa ukuba sihlwanyele ngoMeyi, kungakapheli i-25.
- Labo abafisa ukuqoqa uju oluningi ema-inflorescences bayelulekwa ukuba batshale isitshalo somju eduze nemifantu.
Izici zokunakekelwa
Kuyinto enhle ukuthi lesi sitshalo asikhethi: ukutshala nokunakekela phacelia emhlabathini ovulekile akulula.
Kumele nje ukhumbule ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwesitshalo somuncu kudingekile ukuwahambisa, ngoba ngaphandle kwamanzi izithombo zalesi sitshalo zizobe zide kakhulu. I-Medonos nayo ayikwazi ukufakwa kabusha - ngeke nje asinde futhi afe.
Ukwehlisa nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Ngemuva kokuhluma, ukutshala kompe, kubalulekile ukuba ube nomzimba omncane futhi ukhule izitshalo bese ususa ukhula. 
Abanini bezandla balulekwa ukuba benze lokhu emasontweni amabili okuqala emva kokuhlwanyela. Ukutshala izimbali zezinyosi emhlabathini womhlabathi kudingeka udonwe ngokwengeziwe emhlabathini.
Ukunisela nokudla
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ngokulinganisela ukuchelela izitshalo ze-flower uju bese behambisa umhlabathi ngesikhathi sokuhluma, njengoba isitshalo esincane sidinga amanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke sikhule kahle. 
Amakhomikhali e-Organic, phosphate kanye ne-potash kufanele akhethwe njengezici eziphezulu zokugqoka, izici ze-boron ne-magnesium ezifanelekile. Kutuswa ukutshala inhlabathi ekwindla yokulima. Emhlabathini omuhle, isitshalo somuncu sizwa kahle ngisho ngaphandle kokufaka umquba.
Indlela yokuqoqa imbewu ye-phacelia
Ngaphezu kwalokho ngenhla, i-phacelia iphindwe futhi ukuze iqoqe imbewu ephezulu. Ukufeza le njongo phakathi kwemigqa yokufika, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elingama-45 cm. 
Izitshalo ezihloswe ukuqoqwa kwembewu zidinga ukunakekelwa okungeziwe - zidinga ukuba zikhula njalo, ngoba imbewu ye-phacelia inzima ukuyihlanza kusuka emanzini amancane enokhula.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqoqa imbewu eluhlaza umquba kwenzeka emva kwengxenye engezansi yamabhokisi nge-curls ye imbewu ibe mnyama. Udinga ukuqoqa imbewu ngokuhlukile. Ngenxa yokuthi izimbali zivela kancane kancane (kusukela phansi kuze kube phezulu), ukuhlwanyela esikhathini esizayo, kuphela imbewu evela engxenyeni engezansi yesitshalo kufanele ikhethwe, njengoba labo abaphezulu bengenaso isikhathi sokufinyelela.Emasimini amakhulu, ukuvuna uju kwenzeka ngosizo lokuhlanganisa. Ngemuva kwe-bevel, inqwaba eqoqwe iyabhulwa, ivuliwe, isomisiwe futhi ihlanzwa ngemishini ekhethekile. Ukumisa umswakama kufanele kube 14%. Ezindaweni ezincane, imbewu yobusi ingaqoqwa ngesandla.
I-Phacelia njenge-siderata
I-Phacelia - enye ye-sideratov engabizi kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo (ama-herbal fertilizers). Lesi sitshalo sandisa ubuningi bomhlabathi, sinemfanelo ye-phytosanitary, ivuselela inhlabathi nge nitrogen futhi iyayikhulula.
Abalimi be-Novice bavame ukucelwa ukuthi bahlwanyela yini phacelia entwasahlobo njengengxenye yesiguli. Ukuze uthole umquba ohlaza okwakhiwa uju kufanele uhlwanyele ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa. Kodwa kuyosebenza kahle ukutshala lesi sitshalo ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla, ukuze imbewu yobusika ilale phansi. Isibonelo, uqoqa zonke izitshalo - hlwayela isitshalo seju.
I-mustard, i-rye ne-lupine nayo isetshenziswa njenge-siderata.Uma unezindawo ezinomhlabathi ophelile ngokuphelele, udinga ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-siderata kuyo yonke inkathi. Ngale ndlela ucebisa inhlabathi bese uyivumela ukuba iphumule - indaba ephilayo izovotshwa futhi icebise isayithi lakho ngamakhilimpilo awusizo.
Ukuze uthole ama-microelements amaningi ewusizo ngangokunokwenzeka, izitshalo ze-siderata zeluleka ukuba zinqunywe ngokubonakala kwezimbali zokuqala, ngoba ngemuva kokuchichima i-vitamin reserve yayo izoba mpofu.
Uyazi? Iningi lezinduku zihlobene namasiko futhi ayikwazi ukuhlwanyelwa ngokuhlukile. Izihlobo ezinjalo zisebhontshisi nge-lupine, lwesinaphi ngesithombo. I-Phacelia - i-siderats kuphela, engenazo izilwane eziphilayo.Engaqondakali kokuqala, lesi sitshalo sinamathuba amaningi. Lokhu, okokuqala, umholi phakathi kwezitshalo zezinyosi: ubungcweti be-phacelia bungu-200-500 kg ngehektha ngalinye.
Ubuningi obuhlaza busetshenziselwa ifolda eluhlaza kanye ne-silage. Kodwa izitshalo ezomile zokudla ngeke zisebenze.I-Phacelia ingenye yezimila ezivame kakhulu neziphumelelayo. Ithuthukisa inhlabathi ngezici eziningi zokulandelela ezizuzisa futhi kwandisa umkhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-honey honey iyimidwebo enhle yokuhlobisa ingadi noma isakhiwo se-dacha. Izithombe nge-phacelia ngesikhathi sezimbali zizoba izithombe zakho zomndeni ozithandayo. Lokhu kufana namasimu e-lavender.
