Konke mayelana nomuthi we-apula: yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ongakhetha kuzo nokuthi ungayikhulisa kanjani kahle

Cela isakhamuzi saseYurophu ukuthi sibhale phansi izithelo asaziwa zona, futhi ngokuqinisekile uhlu luzoqala nge-apula. Mhlawumbe akekho kwabaseYurophu ongaphikisana nombono wokuthi isihlahla sama-aphula siyindlovukazi yezingadi zasendaweni. Izinganekwane eziningi, izinkolelo, izingoma, izinkondlo zikhuluma ngama-apula kanye nama-apula. Ngokwesiko lebhayibheli, ngisho nomuthi oyipharadesi wolwazi lokuhle nokubi wayehlotshiswe ngama-apula, adlala indima ebulalayo ekuphetheni kuka-Adamu no-Eva. Futhi unkulunkulukazi omuhle wamaGrikhi uHera, u-Aphrodite no-Athena baxabana nge-apula legolide elinombhalo othi "omuhle kunabo bonke", ophonswe ngunkulunkulukazi wengxabano u-Eris. Kepha kungakanani esikwaziyo ngalesi sihlahla esihle esijabulisa umuntu ngezithelo zaso kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambili? Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe kancane ngezihlahla ze-apula.

Lapho kukhula khona izihlahla zama-apula

Isihlahla se-Apple sihlahla esiqabulayo sezindawo ezifudumele. E-Eurasia, izihlahla zama-apula zasendle zikhula kulo lonke izwekazi. Zitholakala emazweni aseYurophu asentshonalanga enkulu yezwe, e-Alps, naseMpumalanga Ekude, eMongolia, China, eCaucasus, e-Asia Ephakathi, eTurkey, e-Iran. Iziloba zalesi sihlahla zikhula eNyakatho Melika, kepha izithelo zazo azinambondo futhi zincanyana. Idlozi lezihlahla ze-apula zasengadini lithathwa njengomdabu we-Old World.

Isihlahla sama-apula sasendle saseYurophu

Emvelweni, izihlahla zama-apula zingaphila kusuka eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu kuya kwamashumi ayisishiyagalombili, ezimeni zensimu, izinhlobonhlobo ezithile zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu futhi zinqobe ngisho ne-bicentenary. Esifundeni saseNgilandi saseNottinghamshire, namuhla ungabona isihlahla sama-aphula seBramley - isihlahla sama-apula iBramley, esikhule kusuka embewini ngo-1805. Inzalo yakhe eminingi ijabule ngekhwalithi engenakuqhathaniswa yezithelo zabachwepheshe bezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke.

Isihlahla sama-apula sikaBramley, esakhula kusuka embewini ngo-1805

Kuliqiniso, izihlahla eziningi ze-apula ezinde zitholakala ezindaweni ezifudumele. Enyakatho ekude, imfushane impilo yesihlahla sezithelo. Umuthi we-apula osemgqeni ophakathi uphila iminyaka engaphezulu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa.

Ngokusho kwesigaba se-botanical, izihlahla zama-apula zingenye yezindlela ezinkulu zemithi yama-apula emndenini iRosaceae, okuyingxenye yomyalo omkhulu weRosaceae. Okusho ukuthi, izihlahla zama-apula zisebudlelwaneni obude nama roses, kepha izihlobo zazo eziseduzane zingama-quince, ithini lamapheya, i-hawthorn, umlotha wentaba, i-machoneaster, i-medlar ne-irga.

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, umuntu waqala ukuhlakulela isihlahla sama-apula, athuthukise izinhlobo nezinhlobo zawo ezintsha. Manje ngisho nososayensi bakuthola kunzima ukubiza inani eliqondile lezinhlobo ezikhona nezinhlobo zezihlahla zamaapula. Kuyacaca nje ukuthi kunezinkulungwane eziningana zazo. Izinhlobo ezintsha ziyabiwa ngisho nase-Australia, njenge, ngokwesibonelo, i-RS103-130, eyethulwa emphakathini ngo-2009.

Ibanga lase-Australia RS103-130

Kulezi zinsuku, ama-apula atshalwe ngezimboni eChina, eSpain, eJalimane, ePoland, e-Italy, eCanada, e-USA, eSouth Africa, e-Argentina, eChile naseNew Zealand.

Ama-apula avela emhlabeni wonke

I-Apple festival e-Almaty (Kazakhstan)

Zivele kanjani izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-apula endaweni yethu? Zikhulelwaphi? Inhlobonhlobo ngayinye inendaba yayo, kwesinye isikhathi ijabulisa kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ze-Apple-Tree Aport

Uhlobo oludumile lwama-apula Aport

Uhlobo oludumile lwe-apula i-Aport, okukhulunywa ngalo olungatholakala ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XII, lwabuyiswa ePhalamende laseBalkan laya eningizimu yeRomania ne-Ukraine emuva ngekhulu le-XIV. Ukusuka lapho, i-Aport yafika eRussia futhi ngekhulu le-XIX yaya eKazakhstan, lapho yaduma khona: ngemuva kokuwela ama-Sivers nge-apula yasendle, sekukhuliswe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezikhulisiwe kuze kube namuhla. Ama-apula avuthwa ngoSepthemba futhi angagcinwa kuze kuphele unyaka. I-Aport ikhule ngezinga lezimboni, kepha yathathelwa indawo kancane kancane ngezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nzalo. Manje isiyatholakala emizini yangasese nasezifuyini ezizimele.

Indaba yezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula - ividiyo

Ibanga le-apula lesihlahla iGala

Abaningi bathandana nama-apula angenamakha amakhulu amnandi aphuzi we-Gala ahlukahlukene

Abaningi bathandana hhayi enkulu kakhulu, enesilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-130, ama-apula akhanyayo-amnandi aphundile wezinhlobonhlobo zeGala. Kuvuthwa ekwindla - kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya kuLwezi. Banokunambitheka kophudingi okuhle impela, okulinganiselwe ngo-4.6 kokuhlanu. Ama-apula agcinwa kahle izinyanga ezingafika kwezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Abalimi bayakwazisa lokhu okuhlukahlukene ngobuningi kanye nobuningi bezithelo. Ukungavimbi kakhulu kwesithwathwa somuthi kwavumela i-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Gossortkomissiya" ukuthi ituse indle yokulima esifundeni esiseNyakatho neCaucasus, kepha abalimi bayalima iGala kwezinye izindawo lapho kungekho kusongela khona ukuthi isikhathi eside sasebusika siqandisiwe ngenhla -30.

Umuthi omnandi we-aphula wegolide

Igolide elihle kakhulu, njengoba igama lale nhlobonhlobo ye-apula lihunyushwe lisuselwa esiNgisini, belaziwa kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX

Igolide elihle kakhulu, njengoba igama lale nhlobonhlobo yama-apula lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiNgisini, belaziwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho batholakala ngo-A.Kh. Ama-Mullins esifundazweni saseNyakatho Melika eVirginia. AbakwaFSBI Gossortkomissiya batusa ukukhula ama-apula ezindaweni eziseNyakatho Caucasus naseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga, ngoba lezi zihlahla zama-apula zinezinkomba eziphansi zokuqina kweqhwa nobunzima busika. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kudonsela abalimi iqiniso lokuthi ukuvuna ama-apula, osisindo sawo sisegreameni le-140-180, angagcinwa kuze kube nguMeyi ngonyaka olandelayo. IGolden Delicious iyazala futhi idinga izihlahla zokufaka impova, kodwa vele isihlahla esineminyaka emibili ubudala sinikeza isivuno sokuqala.

Isihlahla se-apula seFuji lebanga

Ama-apula amahle kaFuji amahle futhi afile afakwa eJapan

Ama-apula amahle kaFuji amahle futhi afile afakwa eJapan. Le nhlobonhlobo isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi eKorea naseChina. Ezifundeni eziphakathi nezwe lethu, izithelo zivunwa maphakathi no-Okthoba. Isivuno sigcinwa isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezintathu uma sigcinwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, futhi siphansi (kwisitoreji, emapulangweni, esiqandisini) - kuze kube ihlobo lonyaka olandelayo. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zeFuji endaweni yethu azivuthwa kahle. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokushisa kosuku, ama-apula awaqoqi ushukela owanele eRussia, enyakatho ye-Ukraine, eBelarus. Lapha, ama-clones alezi zinhlobonhlobo asekhulile ukuthi amaviki amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphambili avuthiwe - uKiku, Nagafu, uYataka nabanye. Izigqoko zalolu hlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo zamaFujik, uFujina noFujion zibhalwe kuRegista Yombuso WaseRussia nemvume yokuzikhulisa e-North Caucasus.

UFuji uyakhala esithombeni

Isihlahla sama-apula sikagogo Smith

U-Granny Smith (Granny Smith) - Izinhlobo zase-Australia

U-Granny Smith (Granny Smith) - ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kwase-Australia kwengxenye yesibili yekhulu le-XIX. Ama-apula alezi zinhlobonhlobo aluhlaza futhi namanzi. Umuthi we-apula ukhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinebusika obuthambile. Ikhula kahle, ngokwesibonelo, kwa-Israyeli, lapho iphakathi kwezithandwa kakhulu. I-Federal State Budgetary Institution "State Commission", ngenkathi uGranny Smith engena kuRecista Yombuso, iNorth Caucasus yaboniswa njengendawo ekhulayo. Encazelweni yezinhlobonhlobo, inethiwekhi ikhombisa isisindo sama-apula angaba ngu-0,3 kg, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene eRussia, ama-apula kaGranny Smith afinyelela ku-0.15 kg.

Isihlahla sama-apula sikaMutsu

Isihlahla se-Apple uMtuu savela ngonyaka wama-30 wekhulu leminyaka edlule eJapan

Umuthi wama-apula uMutsu, obizwa nangokuthi uMutsu, Mutsa noma uCrispin, uvele ngonyaka wama-30 wenkulungwane edlule eJapan. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wagcina ezivandeni zaseYurophu, Ukraine nase Russian. Izinhlobonhlobo zinobulukhuni obumaphakathi besikhathi sebusika futhi zikhule ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima. Maphakathi no-Septhemba, izithelo zifinyelela ukuvuthwa okususwayo, ukuvuthwa kwabathengi sekukhula phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezinyanga ezimbili. Isiqandisi singagcinwa kuze kube sentwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo. Isihlahla sama-apula uMtuu sidinga ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwezifo nezinambuzane.

Izihlahla ze-Apple uMutsu eduze kwase-Odessa - ividiyo

UJonathan apple umuthi

UJonathan uyanconywa ukuthi alinywe ezindaweni zaseKrasnodar naseStavropol Territories, eKabardino-Balkaria, Adygea, eNyakatho Asetia-Alania, Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Esifundeni saseRostov

Izinhlobonhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zikaJonathan, ezibizwa nangokuthi i-Oslamovsky, iKhoroshavka ebusika noma ubusika obusika, zavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 esifundazweni saseNyakatho Melika e-Ohio, lapho isimo sezulu singemuva impela, amazinga okushisa ebusika engaqabuki ngaphansi -1 ºº. Isimo sezulu esifanele sidinga isihlahla lapho sikhulile. Umuthi we-apula uvuna okwesithupha, kuyaqabukela ngonyaka wesine noma wesihlanu wokuphila. Lapho izinhlobonhlobo zifakwa kwiRegia YaseRussia, uJonathan watuswa ukuba alinywe ezindaweni zaseKrasnodar naseStavropol Territories, eKabardino-Balkaria, Adygea, North Ossetia-Alania, Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechnya, Ingushetia, kanye naseRostov. Ezimweni zaseRussia, ama-apula athola u-135-165 amagremu. UJonathan - ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwebusika sekwephuzile, emazingeni okushisa aphansi angagcinwa kuze kube nguMeyi ngonyaka olandelayo.

Yazi umuthi we-apula

Isivuno sokuqala somuthi we-apula Okuqinisekisiwe sinika ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesishiyagalombili wokuphila

I-Apple Tree Idared iyinhlobonhlobo yokuzalanisa kwaseNyakatho Melika (isimo se-Idaho), ngakho-ke, ingatshalwa ngokuphumelelayo kuphela ezindaweni lapho amafrimu wasebusika angawi ngaphansi -20 ºº. Umuthi we-apula unikeza isivuno sokuqala ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesishiyagalombili wokuphila. I-FSBI Gossortkomissiya, efaka i-Idared ohlwini lwezinhlobo ezinconyiwe, iveze iNyakatho neCaucasus kanye nesifunda saseLower Volga njengendawo ekhulayo, kwathi ngo-2017 yengeza isifunda saseKaliningrad enyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia kulolu hlu. Ngezimboni zezimboni, ama-apula angama-Idared atshalwa kuKrasnodar Territory. Izihlahla ze-Apple zalezi zinhlobonhlobo nazo zikhula ngokuphumelelayo e-Ukraine, lapho kuqala zikhulela khona endaweni eyi-steppe nasezindaweni ezinamahlathi, futhi kamuva naseningizimu yePalesie. EPoland, i-Idared inesikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-apula athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

Umuthi we-apula ukhula kanjani futhi uthela izithelo

I-apple yezithelo yinhle nganoma yisiphi isizini, kodwa uma ungafuni ukujabulisa lo mbono ogqamile, kodwa futhi nokwakha into efana neyakho, izithombe ezinhle azanele.

I-Apple Orchard - isithombe

Ngabe isihlahla sama-apula siqala ngani?

Isihlahla ngasinye se-apula siqala ngembewu noma ukusikwa. Akufanelekile ukuba ukhule umuthi we-apula kusuka enhlanyelweni ye-apula ethengiwe futhi edliwe wedwa. Hhayi ngoba yinde futhi inzima. Kukhona amathuba aphezulu wokuthi lo muthi uzoba ngumdlalo wasendle, lapho kwahlanganiswa khona izinhlobo ezahlukene ezazithandwa. Futhi isimo ngokusikwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe akulula: udinga ukuba nesitoko esifanele futhi usebenze ngekhono lo msebenzi wokugoma uqobo, okungelula neze ngaphandle kwesipiliyoni. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela isithako emphemeni wasehlobo noma esakhiweni sensimu, umuntu othile asekhule kuyo unyaka noma emibili.

Lapho itshalwe ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho, izungezwe ukunakwa nokunakekelwa okudingekayo, umuthi uyoveza izithelo zokuqala, kuncike kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ze-apula ezikhethiwe. Izinhlobonhlobo ngazinye zingena ngesikhathi sokuzala ngesikhathi esisodwa:

• Ama-apula ama-Mutsu kungenzeka ukuthi anambitha ngonyaka wesine wokuphila kwesihlahla;
• i-apula uJonathan kuyodingeka ilinde iminyaka eyisithupha, kuyaqabukela iqale ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesine noma wesihlanu;
• ukulindela ama-apula Gala, ukubekezela kufanele kuqoqwe iminyaka eyisithupha, noma ngisho nesikhombisa ukusuka ngesikhathi sokutshala isithombo;
• umuthi wama-apula owaziwa ungajabulisa ama-apula wokuqala ngonyaka wesithathu wokukhula kwawo, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi ulinde lo mcimbi ngaphambi konyaka wesishiyagalombili wokuphila kwawo;
• intandokazi yabalimi Ukugcwaliswa okumhlophe, okuvuthwa kuqala endaweni yethu maphakathi nehlobo, kuyathandeka ngesivuno sokuqala ngemuva kokutshala isithombo esivele ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine.

Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zokukhula kwezihlahla zama-apula, izithelo zawo zokuqala zingatholakala ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine kusuka ekutshaleni:

• IBogatyr ikhule enyakatho-nentshonalanga yezwe esifundeni saseKaliningrad, esifundeni esiphakathi nendawo se-chernozem, ezifundeni eziphakathi nendawo naseVolga-Vyatka;
• I-Imrus ikhonjelwe esifundeni esiphakathi nendawo se-chernozem kanye nesifunda esiPhakathi;
• I-Orlik inconyelwe izifunda eziphakathi nendawo ezisenyakatho neNtshonalanga kanye nezifunda zomhlaba omnyama omnyama;
• Umfundi ukhulele esifundeni esiphakathi nendawo se-chernozem;
• nabanye.

Izinhlobo zokuqala - isithombe

Isikhathi sokungena kwesihlahla ngasinye sama-apula ngesikhathi sokuzala asinqunyelwe kuphela ngezinhlobonhlobo, kepha futhi ngezinye izinto eziningi: isimo sezulu sendawo, ikhwalithi yenhlabathi, indawo yalesi siza nesihlahla ngokwaso esizeni, nokunye. Ngokwesilinganiso, isukela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweshumi nanhlanu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpande zesihlahla nomqhele wazo kwakhiwa ngokuphelele. Abalimi baphawule lobu budlelwano: ekuqaleni isihlahla sama-apula singena esikhathini sokuzala, sifushane isikhathi sokuphila sesihlahla.

Uma sikhuluma ngezihlahla ezingama-apula ezinemifushane nezincane, lapho-ke lokho okutholakele kutholile ukuthi leyo nhlobo ye-apula ehlungwe emitokisini ehlukene inendlela yokuphila ehlukile. Imifino ehlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke esitokisini sesihlahla sama-apula seCaucasian, okuncane - kuxhunyekwe emthini wama-apharadesi, obizwa ngokuthi ipharadesi. Isikhathi sokuphila seminyaka emincane yesine emifuleni (izinhlobo zezihlahla eziphansi ezisetshenziswe njengesihlahla) sithatha isikhundla esiphakathi kwesikhathi sokuphila kwezihlahla zeapula ezide nezifushane. Ngokwesilinganiso, izihlahla ezingama-apula ezingaphansi ziphila iminyaka engu-15- 20.

Isitshalo sokuqala sesihlahla sama-apula esingaphansi, njengomthetho, siwela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwabo, futhi kusukela eminyakeni emine kuya kwemihlanu isikhathi sokuzala kwesithelo siqala.

Isitshalo sokuqala sesihlahla sama-apula esingaphansi, njengomthetho, siwela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwabo, futhi kusukela eminyakeni emine kuya kwemihlanu siqala isikhathi sokuzala

Umbhalo ohlukile izihlahla zama-apula ezinsika. Zingaqhakaza ngisho nangonyaka wokutshala. By the way, zonke izimbali emthini onjalo we-apula ziyasuswa ukuze zikhule kahle futhi zikhule. Izihlahla ezingama-apula ezakhiwe njengamakholomu ziphila iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kweyishumi nesikhombisa futhi zivuna njalo ngonyaka.

Izihlahla ezingama-apula ezakhiwe njengamakholomu ziphila iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kweyishumi nesikhombisa futhi zivuna njalo ngonyaka

Ingabe lawo magatsha awengeziwe?

Ukuze ukhule umuthi omuhle we-apula omuhle, onempilo, obonisa izithelo eziningi, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kokwenza umqhele, okungukuthi, umsebenzi wokuthena izihlahla. Akunakwenzeka ukuyikhipha ngendlela efanele uma ungayazi imiqondo eyisisekelo yokwakheka komqhele wesihlahla.

Ukuqhubeka kwesiqu (ingxenye engezansi yesiqu) somuthi kungukudubula okumi phakathi, obizwa ngokuthi umqhubi. Uya ezinhlangothini zesiqu, nangobudala futhi ukusuka kumqhubi, amagatsha aseceleni, abizwa ngokuthi ngamagatsha wamathambo, ahamba. Kukubo lapho kwakhiwa khona amagatsha ezithelo nezinkuni zezithelo.

Umdwebo wegatsha lesihlahla se-Apple

Amaqabunga esihlahla esinamaqabunga esihlahla se-apula, siphakeme futhi sikhombe, anamathiselwe ngokuqinile esicibeni sonyaka. Izimbali zokumboza ziyindilinga kakhulu futhi zihlukaniswe ngandlela-thile kusukela esikhathini seminyaka emibili yehlumela. Izikhwama zezithelo kwakheka izimbali ezindala zezimbali.

Izimbali zezimbali zemithi yama-apula zakhiwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkuni zezithelo:

• isithelo sezithelo - ihlumela elilula elingamasentimitha ayi-10-30, ekuqaleni linikeza izimbali kuphela, lapho ama-apula avuthwa khona emva kokungcoliswa;
• umkhonto - ukudubula kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude, ophela ngesihlahla sezimbali;
• i-ringworm - ihlumela elikhula kancane kancane lifinyelela ku-5 cm ubude nge-rosette yamaqabunga ekugcineni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ihlumela elisekupheleni kwalo liwohloka libe imbali;
• izikhwama zezithelo - ingxenye egqinsiwe yegatsha lezithelo, lapho i-apula ivuthwa khona, izimbali zezimbali zivame ukwakhelwa phezu kwazo.

Kumakhasi akhula minyaka yonke ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemithi yamaapula, kuphela kwakhiwa amaqabunga angamaqabunga. Yilawa magatsha asetshenziselwa ukwakha umqhele - amagatsha a-skeletal and lateral.

Ungawenza kanjani umuthi we-apula uthele izithelo unyaka nonyaka

Njengoba wazi, izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla zama-apula ekuqaleni zinokuvama okuzala minyaka emi-2: isizini eyodwa ithela izithelo, bese kuba ikhefu leminyaka eyi-1-2, lapho kungekho ma-aphula nhlobo noma kukhona ezimbalwa kakhulu kuwo. Lokhu kuvama kushiwo ngokucacile ezinhlotsheni zePapirovka, i-Lobo, neMantet.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula ezinokuphindaphindwa okukhulu kwezithelo esithombeni

Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba iziqhakaza zezithelo zinika zombili izimbali nezithelo amahlumela, lapho izimbali zizovela kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo, ngakho-ke, ama-apula azoba ngonyaka kuphela.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zama-apula, ezinjenge-Antonovka, Korichnaya ezimthende, iMelba, imvamisa yezithelo ayikhulunywa kangako, ngoba ingxenye yezimbali imbala ibekwe kakade ngenkathi yamanje, okungukuthi, ngakolunye uhlangothi isivuno sizotholwa ngonyaka olandelayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula ezinokuphindaphindwa kwezithelo eziphinyisiwe esithombeni

Gwema ukutholakala kwezihlahla zezihlahla ze-apula ngaphansi kwezimo eziningi.

1. Izinhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula ezikhulisiwe kufanele zenzelwe indawo lapho isihlahla sikhula khona. Ama-flower efihlekile akufanele aqine ebusika.
2. Kuyadingeka ukuvimba ukukhula kwesitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela kusebenze ukubekwa kwezimbali. Ukugawulwa kwesihlahla esifanele kuvumela lokhu ukuba kutholakale. Isibonelo kungaba izihlahla zama-apula kuzimpande ezincane noma ezinemifino emincane, ekuqaleni zinomkhawulo wokukhula, kepha ngenxa yohlelo oluqinile lwezimpande, olunikeza umsoco womqhele ozinzile.
3. Isihlahla akufanele sigcwale kakhulu izitshalo lapho izithelo zivuthwa kuwo wonke amagatsha namagatsha. Amagatsha ezithelo zamahhala kufanele ahlale emqheleni. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunakwenzeka ukuvimba ukuqina komqhele ngokukhipha amahlumela. Lapho zifinyelela ubude obuyi-18-20 cm, kufanele zenziwe zazifinyeziwe ehlobo zisalokhu ziluhlaza zibe yingxenye noma izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zobude. Ungenza lo msebenzi ekwindla noma entwasahlobo elandelayo.
4. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka umuthi ngokudla okuhle, ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.

Uma umuthi we-apula ungaqhakaza

Abalimi abaqala ngokuvamile bavame ukubuza umbuzo ngesihlahla sama-aphula esikhulayo kodwa esingaqhakaza iminyaka eminingana.

Iphuzu lokuqala okufanele banake ngalo yizinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula nosuku lokungena kwalo ngenkathi yezithelo. Mhlawumbe isihlahla esithile sama-apula asikafiki ukuzothokozisa umlimi ngesivuno. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlobo ze-apula zinezikhathi ezihlukile zokuzala izithelo.

Uma isikhathi sesifikile sokuzala isihlahla, kepha azikho izimbali, kufanele usebenzise izeluleko zabalimi abanolwazi. Ukuze umuthi ubeke imbali efihlekile bese ngonyaka olandelayo uthele isivuno, ungenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Bopha amagatsha akhula ngokuqinile futhi uwavikele ngokugobhoza noma ngezikhonkwane nge-engela elingaba ngu-60º nesiqu sesihlahla.
2. Amahlumela amancanyana angalungiswa ngendlela eyindandatho.
3. Thatha ingxenye yezimpande zesihlahla.

Zonke lezi zenzo zizoholela ekubekeni kwezimbali zezimbali, kuthi ngonyaka olandelayo isihlahla sikhiqize isivuno.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma umuthi we-apula ungaqhakaza - ividiyo

Isiphetho esifushane silandela kusuka kukho konke okungenhla: isihlahla ngasinye sama-apula, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo engadini, sidinga inzalo, ukugcwaliswa kabusha kolwazi, ukunakwa nokunakekelwa okuvela kumlimi. Lapho-ke umuthi uzomvuza ngokugcwele ngesivuno esigcwele.