I-Orchid

I-Bletilla Orchid: konke okudingayo ukwazi mayelana nokukhula nokunakekelwa okufanele

Mhlawumbe zonke izimpondo zensimu zephuzi elinjalo ezingaba zihle kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zingathobeki ezimweni zezulu, futhi azikhethi ngokukhathalela ngokucophelela. Ngenhlanhla, kukhona isitshalo esinjalo, futhi ungayithenga, cishe, kuzo zonke izitolo zezimbali, - lokhu I-Orchid Bletilla. Ngokwemvelo, le mpula ikhula eMpumalanga Ekude, e-China naseJapane. Ezimweni zezulu zezwe lethu, i-Orchid Bletilla ikhula kalula ekhaya, emasimini asebusika nasensimini.

I-Bletilla Orchid: Izici ze-Flower

Indawo yaseBletilla i-East Asia.Lena isitshalo esingasetshenziswa isikhathi esingapheli, sifinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezu kwamasentimitha ambalwa ambalwa. Amaqabunga ahlaza, ikakhulukazi i-lanceolate, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ama-mottled. I-orchid yalesi sifo sinemibhobho embalwa-enamandla. I-peduncle ivela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo, konke kuxhomeke esimweni sezulu. Ukuma kwezimbali kuyinto zakudala, ejwayele ama-orchid. Ngokuvamile bane-hue enombala obomvu noma obomvu, kodwa kukhona namhlophe. Ngokujwayelekile izinhlobo zokuphuza amanzi ziphunga iphunga elimnandi futhi elimnandi. Igama laleli gama livela egameni elifanayo iBletia.

Uyazi? Ezinye izinhlobo ze-orchid zihlala iminyaka eyikhulu.

Izinhlobo zeBletilla

I-genus Bletilla ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10. I-bleachilla hyacinth (i-Bletilla hyacinthina) kanye nohlobo oluhlaza noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Bletilla ochracea) kuvame ukukhula ekhaya.

I-hyacinth ye-Bletilla, noma emicu (B. hyacinthina, B. striate) - uhlobo oludume kakhulu lwama-blates, oluvela e-China naseJapane. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kusuka ku-30 ​​ukuya kwangu-70 cm, ezimpandeni kukhona ukukhula kwansuku zonke ngesimo se-thickenings ene-tuberous. Ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo iboniswa yiziqu ezindala zezimbali, amaqabunga amakhulu abushelelezi anamapulangwe angama-longitudinal, kanye namaqabunga amade amakhulu, aphikisana ngokuqinile, awakhiqize ubude obungamamitha angu-15 cm.I-Inflorescence iyi-spike engavamile yezimbali eziyisishiyagalombili. Izimbali zikhulu kakhulu, kufika ku-5 cm, umbala okhanyayo obomvu-obomvu nephunga elimnandi. Kuyaziwa nokuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zeBletilla ezimishwe ezimhlophe - "Alba".

Bletilla obomvu-ophuzi (ocher) etholakala eVietnam, eJapane, eChina, eTaiwan naseMyanmar. La ma-orchid ayingayizi encane enezitshalo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinezitshalo eziluhlaza. I-inflorescence iboniswa ukushayela okumbalwa okuhamba ngezinyawo nge-peduncles kuze kufike ku-40 cm ubude. Izimbali zincane, zithokozisa kancane, ngendlela ejwayelekile yama-orchid.

Uyazi? Ama-orchid wezinhlobo ze-Paphiopedilum sanderianum anezimbali ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ubude obungaba imitha ende endle! Leli rekhodi labeka i-orchid yalezi zilwane, eyakhulela ngo-1991 edolobheni laseSomerset. Ubude bezimpaphe zezimbali zalo kwakungu-122 cm, futhi ukuphakama kwesitshalo ngokwayo kwakuyi-20 m.

Kuphi, nini futhi kanjani ukutshala i-bletillu

I-Orchid Bletilla ingahluma engadini ensimini evulekile ezindaweni ezinemfudumalo nezifudumele, lapho izinga lokushisa aliwi khona ngezansi -5 ° C. Ezimweni ezibandayo, kungcono ukuthi uBletilla akhule ekhaya njengembali yangaphakathi.

Ufuna ukukhanya okunjani

Ukukhula ensimini, i-orchid ye-Billyilla idinga indawo ekhanyisiwe, ehambisana nesikhathi esifanayo.

Umswakama womoya nokushisa

I-Bletilla ayibekezelelisi ukungena kwamanzi nomoya obandayo, ngakho zama ukumnikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele. Lelimbali likhula kahle esimweni sezulu sase-continental esineqhwa, kodwa hhayi ebusika obubandayo kakhulu futhi efudumele, ehlobo olumnandi ehlobo. Kuphela lapha ngezimbali lapho angase abe nezinkinga.

Ku-Bletilla, udinga ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo engafanele ibe nemvula futhi igcwale amanzi ancibilikile. Futhi, i-orchid kumele ivikelwe kusuka efrijini ngezansi -5 ° C, ukumba i-pseudobulb ebusika nokuhlanza endaweni eyomile. Ezimweni ezifudumele, imbali ingahle ihlanganiswe ngento ekhethekile noma amaqabunga owomile.

Umhlabathi wokutshala

I-Bletilla ingakhula cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, ngakho-ke izwa kahle enhlabathini evamile.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukhule ngesitshalo sakho ngokushesha futhi ukhule kakhulu, kufanele usebenzise ingxube ekhethekile yomhlabathi, ehloselwe ama-orchids.
Ngokutshala amafutha emhlabathini ovulekile womhlabathi, ama-humus amaqabunga kanye ne-lime ngokulinganisela okulinganako. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba ulungise ingxube yomhlabathi esondelene kakhulu nomhlabathi lapho i-orchid ikhula khona ensimini: izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat engeyona ephezulu, ingxenye eyodwa yobumba obunwetshiwe, ingxenye eyodwa yamagxolo aqoshiwe, ingxenye eyodwa ye-moss, kanye nengxenye eyodwa ye-ash ash kanye ne-woody amalahle Umphumela uzoba ingxube ye-granules eyaziwa, edlula kahle umswakama.

Ukutshala kahle i-Orchid Bletilla

Amaqabunga akhula angabuka ku-pseudobulb noma imbewu. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-orchid kuyinto entwasahlobo. I-Pseudobulbs kufanele ibe nombala ofanayo, ube namandla futhi ungenazo izimpawu zokubola. Kufanele zitshalwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe kuya ku-5 cm ejulile futhi kude no-15 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Inhlabathi kumele ihlungwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ukuchelela okugcwele kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba amahlamvu okuqala avele.

Imbewu yokutshala udinga isitsha sepulasitiki nge-substrate ehambile. Spread imbewu enqoleni encane futhi okungajwayelekile. Nikeza izithombo ezizayo ngokukhanyisa okuhle. Uma imvelo ayanele, ivunyelwe ukungeza okungekho emthethweni. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwemoya kufanele kube phakathi kuka-22-27 ° C.

Kubalulekile! Awuvunyelwe ukunyusa noma ukumisa inhlanganisela yomhlabathi.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, qala ukudla ngomanyolo okhethekile ohloselwe ama-orchid. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika, umquba umhlabathi ngamaqabunga noma uhlele ikhava eyomile-nge-agrospan noma i-spunbond.

Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo

Okumangalisa ukuthi, kulula kakhulu ukunakekela i-bletilla kunezinye i-orchid, ezibhekwa njengezingenangqondo kakhulu futhi ezingenangqondo ekulimeni. Kodwa-ke, iBletilla nayo inezintandokazi eziphathelene nezici ezihlukahlukene zokunakekelwa - umbuso wokunisela, umanyolo, ukuvikelwa ezifweni kanye nezinambuzane, kanye nokulungiselela ubusika.

Imithetho yokunisela i-Orchid Bletilla

Ehlobo, i-Bletilla idinga ukuchelela okunengi, okumelwe kube yancipha kancane kancane ebusika. Lapha into esemqoka - kuvimbela ukubola kwesistimu yempande. Uma kuqala isikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela kumele kuhliswe kakhulu, futhi isitshalo sangaphakathi kufanele sithuthelwe endaweni emnyama nepholile. Ngalesi sikhathi, iBletilla ilahlekelwa amaqabunga. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yokuphumula, imbali idinga ukwandisa ivolumu yokunisela, futhi uyithuthe endaweni ekhanyayo.

Phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza lapho amanzi okuphuza akufanele awe phezu kwezimbali, ngoba angaqala kusuka kulokhu kubola. Nisela ibhodlela lokunisela nge-Billa, ngakho amanzi azogeleza kuphela ohlelweni lwempande. Imvamisa yokuphuza kufanele ulungise, ngokususelwa ekungenikeni kokusebenzisa umswakama.

Kubalulekile! Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukubala ukuziphatha kokunisela ngendlela yokuthi izimpande zome kanye kanye ngesonto.

Ingabe isitshalo sidinga ukudla?

Ukutshala izidingo zeBletilla esikhathini sokukhula okujulile. Kudingeka kabili ngenyanga ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-0.01% somanyolo wamaminerali. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukunceliswa kumisiwe.

Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi

Njengoba isimiso sempande sembali siseduze nendawo, akunakwenzeka ukukhulula inhlabathi kule ndawo. Khumbula ukuthi ngisho nokhula kufanele kukhishwe ngokucophelela ukuze izimpande zokukhula ezimpandeni ezibucayi ze-orchid zingonakali. Kungcono ukusika ukhula ngaphansi kwempande, ngaphandle kokukhipha. Kungathatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo, kodwa kuwufanele.

Imithetho Ye-Orchid Transplant

Isihlahla ngokuvamile sibekezelela ukufakelwa kwesitshalo. Hamba ngokucophelela i-bletillu ngendwangu yomhlaba, ngaphandle kokushaya izimpande ezincane, noma ususe inhlabathi ebhodweni. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kunzima ukuthi wenze lokhu, ungakunquma imbiza, kodwa ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo. Gcwalisa i-orchid kanye ne-clock earthy emgodini ngamanzi afudumele ukuze inhlabathi igwetshwe ngokuphelele. Geza ngobumnene izinsalela zomhlabathi ezimpandeni bese ususa noma yiziphi izingxenye ezifile nezonakalisiwe zesistimu. Ufafaza umhlabathi ngamalahle ophuziweyo. Beka i-Bletilla ephepheni noma nge-tollle kuze kube yile. Faka ungqimba lwe-claydite emgodini noma embizeni - 5 cm. Faka i-substrate entsha elungiselelwe phezulu bese ufaka isitshalo kuyo.

Ungabeka isikhonkwane esincane se-garters elenga phansi iziqu, uma kukhona. Fafaza phezulu kwesinye se-substrate bese ucindezela phansi ngesandla sakho, noma umenzele imbongolo uma i-orchid ishintsha engadini. Uma i-bletilla ikhula ezimweni zamakamelo, ibhodlela kufanele liwehliswe emanzini imizuzu embalwa bese ivumelekile ukukhipha. Ngakho uhlola inani le-substrate. Uma izimpande zingabonakali ebusweni, kusho ukuthi udinga ukugcwalisa okuningi.

Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu ye-bletila nokuhlukaniswa kwezimpande

Ukuzaliswa kwe-orchid engadini ye-bletilla kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: imbewu nokuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome. Ukukhula imbali kusuka enhlanzini kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyinde. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudinga izimo ze-laboratory oyinyumba. Izimbali zokuqala, okungcono kakhulu, zizovela ngemva kweminyaka engu-6-7 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, indlela yesibili - ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande kungcono kakhulu. Ungabelana kuphela ngamaphethini aqinile namandla aphile iminyaka eminingi.

Isikhathi esihle sokuzalanisa iBletillah ngesikhatsi sishaya. Sika isiqu ngezinsimbi zokusika izihlahla, ushiye phezulu ngezimpande ezimbili zomhlaba kanye nesinye esisodwa samaqabunga amane. Ngokushesha 1-2 ukukhula okusha kuzovela esitsheni. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3, ​​bayoba ama-orchid azimele adala omdala. Ithimba likhula futhi likhule kancane, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi liba yimbali emele. Gcoba indawo nge-antiseptic noma echotshoziwe ngamachibi.

Uyazi? Imbali encane kunazo zonke izinhlobo ze-orchid Platystele jungermannoides futhi ayidluli 1 mm ububanzi.

Izifo nezinambuzane zeBletilla

Isitha esiyinhloko seBletilla sishaya. Kuboniswa umonakalo ophawulekayo kwezicubu nokukhanya kwawo. Isizathu salokhu kuyiphutha elikhulu ekunakekeleni - izinga lokushisa eliphansi elinomswakama ophezulu. Isitshalo esibulalayo kufanele sibhujiswe, futhi ama-orchid angomakhelwane kufanele aphathwe namafungicide aqukethe ithusi, isibonelo, ingxube yeBordeaux.

Slugs kanye nemisinki hit izimpande ezincane zezimbali. Ukudla okuthandayo kakhulu okuyizintandokazi zazo kuyizici - izigaxa zokukhula kwezimpande. Ungakwazi ukulwa nabo ngokuzenzekelayo, ngesandla. Kukhona imikhiqizo eminingi yokuvikela izitshalo ze-slugs ezitholakala kuwo wonke ama-flower shop. Ungabalwa ngokucophelela ngokuhlolisisa ubuso be-flowerpot kusihlwa bese ususa izinambuzane.

Emakethe kunenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yokuvikelwa kwezitshalo. Into eyinhloko - ukwenza ngokuvumelana nemiyalelo yezilinganiso eziphakanyisiwe kanye nezinkomba. Amaqabunga amancane amaningi namafihlekile angalimaza i-aphid eluhlaza Kulokhu, amalungiselelo ase-malathion asekelwe kahle azokwenza kahle.

Uyazi? I-orchid eyabiza kakhulu i-Gold Kinabalu. Loluhlobo lwe-orchid aluvamile futhi luqhakaza kuphela uma lesi sitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-15 ubudala. Ukuphunyuka okulodwa kungadla u-$ 5000.

Indlela yokuvikela i-Bletilla ebusika

Isimo esiyinhloko sokubusika okuphumelelayo kukaBillyilla - ukuvikelwa kusuka efrijini nasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezibandayo, akushiywa ubusika emhlabathini, futhi ama-pseudobulbs agonywe futhi agcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, iBletilla ingasala ebusika ensimini, impela iwuhlanganise ngendwangu encane yezingaliti, amaqabunga omisiwe noma izinto zokumboza.

Akuyona into eqhathaniswa uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-orchid, idinga ukunakekelwa okuningi nokunakekelwa okuningi. Kodwa imbali enhle enhle kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, iyifanele.