IFeijoa isitshalo esinamaqabunga ansundu nezimbali ezinhle ezimhlophe ezibomvu. Umhlali we-subtropics uvumelana nezimo zamakamelo futhi usetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwamakamelo, amahhovisi, izingadi zasebusika. Izithelo ze-Feijoa zimnandi futhi zinempilo. Zinama-iodine, ama-acid acid kanye namavithamini e-B.
Ithini i-feijoa
Uhlobo lwe-Akka, okuyi-feijoa okungokwalo, luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zemvelo ezitholakala eNingizimu Melika. Lezi zitshalo zezithelo nezomhlobiso zivamile emazweni amaningi asezansi. Akukho phuzu kokuphikisana nge-feijoa, yini - isihlahla noma isihlahla. Le nhlobo ifaka izihlahlana nezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza.
I-Feijoa emhlabathini ovulekile
Isitshalo esinegxolo elinsundu elinsundu kanye nomqhele omnyama sifinyelela kumamitha angama-4 ukuphakama. Ingxenye yangaphandle yamaqabunga ama-oval hard luhlaza obumnyama, isicwebezelayo, futhi ingxenye engezansi yepuleti leqabunga ingwevu yesiliva, i-pubescent. Lapho usikiwe, amaqabunga akhipha iphunga le-myrtle (isitshalo singesomndeni we-myrtle) nezinto ezifihlayo ezivimbela amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.
Isikhathi sezimbali ze-Feijoa singuJuni. On amahlumela konyaka wamanje, kuma-axils amaqabunga, kwakheka izimbali, zodwa noma emafutheni amancane. Izimbali ezintanjeni ezinde, ezinamaphiko amane. Ama-petals a-oval, abushelelezi, onsomi-onsomi ngaphakathi, amhlophe ngaphandle. Ama-stamens amade apinki athweswe umqhele ngama-anthers egolide. I-Feijoa iyaqhakaza cishe amasonto amathathu.
Izimbali feijoa
Qaphela! Izimbali ze-Feijoa zinoshukela futhi zinambitheka ngokunambitheka. ENingizimu Melika, kuyadliwa.
I-Feijoa iyisithelo noma i-berry
UFeijoa uyavuthwa uma kudlula izinyanga ezine ngemuva kokuvota. Izithelo ezi-oval ohlaza zenziwa zifinyelela ku-7 cm ubude I-pulp iyinambitheka obukhulu, enokhilimu, omnandi futhi omuncu. Imbewu incane, itholakala izidlekeni ezinhlanu zembewu. Abaningi bayangabaza: ingabe isithelo se-feijoa siyisithelo noma ibhele? Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izithelo zivuthwa esihlahleni, ukwahlukaniswa kwamazwe omhlaba kuzihlukanisa njengezithelo.
Amajikijolo anephunga elimnandi anambitheka obuqabulayo futhi amunwa ngokushesha. IFeijoa idlula amanye amajikijolo ngenani le-iodine ezithelo futhi ingancintisana ngisho nokudla kwasolwandle. Izithelo ziqukethe amavithamini amaningi, amaminerali, i-sodium, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-iron, i-zinc ne-pectin. Inzuzo ye-feijoa ayinakuphikwa, ngaphandle kwesizathu ibizwa ngokuthi yi-berry yobusha nempilo.
Izithelo zivame ukudliwa emisha, kwesinye isikhathi zifakwe ushukela. Futhi, amajikijolo enziwa kusuka kuJam, ama-compotes, ama-jams, ama-marmalade ayenziwa.
Ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwe-feijoa isikhathi eside (okungenani inyanga), umphumela omuhle empilweni yabantu uyaphawulwa. Kwenzeka:
- ukujwayelekile kwe-gland yegilo ngenxa yokudla kwe-iodine;
- ukukhuphuka kwe-hemoglobin ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwensimbi ezitsheni;
- ukulawulwa kweshukela egazini ngenxa yenkomba ephansi yomkhiqizo;
- ukwenziwa ngcono kohlelo lwezitho zofuzo ngenxa yezimpawu zokugaya amajikijolo;
- ukuqinisa ukungatheleleki.
Contraindication ukusetshenziswa kwe-feijoa ukungabekezeleli komkhiqizo ngamunye. Ukuze ungalimazi, okuvusa ukusabela kokungezwani nokunye okuphathelene namajikijolo, udinga ukuqala ngamakhambi amancane, kancane kancane ukhuphula inani lomkhiqizo oludliwayo. Kunconywe abasebenza ngokudla okunempilo, okujwayelekile kumuntu omdala yizithelo ezi-5 ngosuku.
Izithelo ze-Feijoa
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ezitshalwe ezingadini ze-feijoa zikhawulelwe. Ngokuvamile kukhethwa amabanga amathathu:
- I-Superba (Superba), ebonakaliswa ngumbala obanzi obunjiwe. Amajikijolo nge ikhasi ebushelelezi nephunga elimnandi eliqinile;
- I-Choyoseana (Choiseana) - inhlobo yokuqala yokuvuthwa enezithelo ezinkulu ezifana nokunambitheka kukabhanana;
- I-Coolidge - izimbali zalezi zinhlobo ziyakwazi impova impova ezihlahleni ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo. Izithelo ziba ngisho, zibushelelezi, zinesisindo esingaba ngu-60 g. I-peel igcotshwe kancane, iluhlaza obumnyama.
Izinhlobo ze-feijoa Sellou zisabalale emasikweni egumbi, akhula, aqhakaze futhi athele izithelo kahle efulethini. Ukuze isitshalo esikhulile ngaphakathi endlini sithele izithelo njalo, kungakuhle ukuthi sithole izinhlobo zokuzenzisa pollinating, ezinjenge-Nikitsky elimnandi, ubugebengu bokuqala bobugebengu, owokuzalwa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Igama lohlobo lwanikezwa ukuhlonipha isazi semvelo esidumile uJoan da Silva Feijoa. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi leli gama lingeSpanishi futhi babona u- "j" njengohlamvu lwesiRussia "x". Ngenxa yalokhu, umsindo ovame kakhulu yi-feijoa. Kodwa-ke, isibongo sesiPhuthukezi futhi okulungile ngokwengeziwe ukubiza kukaFee-zho-a (feijoa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcizelela kuzoba ku-syllable ephakathi. Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo eFrance nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.
Khula feijoa ekhaya
I-Feijoa yisihlahla esithanda umswakama futhi esidinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala kumuntu okhanya kancane ewindini efulethini, ngisho nelanga eliqondile alikwesabi. Esikhathini se-ekwindla-ebusika, ukukhanyisela emuva kuyadingeka, ngokukhanyisa okunganele isihlahla siphonsa amaqabunga.
Izinga lokushisa kanye nemithetho yokunisela
I-Feijoa ikhula kahle emakamelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lisukela ku-+18 kuya ku- +20 ℃. Ebusika, efiselekayo ukuyinciphisa ibe ngu-+14 ℃. Isitshalo asesabi amazinga okushisa ngokweqile.
Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulingana, ukomisa komhlaba akuvunyelwe. Izitshalo ezincane zifuna kakhulu umswakama, ehlobo zidinga ukuthambisa okuningi kanye nokufafaza njalo. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamaqabunga, ukomiswa kwamagatsha nezimpande. Isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukufiphazwa umswakama, ngakho-ke, phansi kwembiza, ungqimba lwamanzi luyadingeka, futhi amanzi ngokweqile avela epanini ngokushesha akhishwa.
Ukufakelwa kanye nomanyolo
Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - njengoba kudingeka. Izitshalo ezinkulu ezinezithelo kumashubhu zithathelwa indawo njalo ngeminyaka emi-5, kepha minyaka yonke zingena esikhundleni somhlaba ongaphezulu. Ingxube equkethe izingxenye ezintathu ze-turf nezwe ezimbili ze-humus ngokufakwa kwengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi nephepha lomhlabathi kufanelekile. Inhlabathi kumele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane.
Kukhethwa iziqukathi ezibanzi ukuze izitshalo zibe nendawo yokukhula. Lapho kudluliswa, izimpande azihlanzwa ngokuphelele kusuka emhlabathini, zihambisa ngokucophelela isihlahla ebhodweni elisha bese zilala ngomhlabathi omusha, zishiya intamo yezimpande ikwelinye izinga elihlobene nomhlabathi.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kudliwa okujwayelekile, kuhlanganiswa umanyolo wamaminerali nowokuphilayo, kanye nezilimo ezikhula engadini. Ochwepheshe batusa i-feijoa ukuthi ivundiswe nge-superphosphate, umlotha wezimpukane kanye nomquba wamahhashi (1: 10). Kugcotshiswa isipuni somlotha wezihlahla eziqabulayo kwilitha lamanzi isonto lonke ukuthola ukuthathwa komlotha. Ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo, isitshalo siyaniselwa. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, umanyolo usetshenziswa kanye njalo emavikini amabili, ngokuya ngokuthi ukuqhuma kwe-feijoa.
Feijoa kubhavu
Izici Zokuphonsa
Ukuthena okujwayelekile kusiza ukugcina umphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu. Lapho ikhule endlini, lapho nje isitshalo esincane sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-30 cm, sinqunywa okwesithathu. Okulandelayo, vela njalo amagatsha aseceleni ukuthola isisekelo esifanele samathambo.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Amahlumela ezimpande asuswa njalo, ngoba ukuba khona kwawo kuthinta kabi lesi sithelo. Amagatsha omile, angenamandla, alimele asuswe minyaka yonke.
Ungasakaza kanjani isihlahla
I-Feijoa isatshalaliswa izindlela eziningi zemifino - izihlahla ezisikiwe, izimpande, ukuzalwa nokugoma. Imiphumela emihle inikezwa ngokusakazwa kwembewu.
Indlela yembewu
Indlela elula futhi ejwayelekile yokuthola izinhlobo ezintsha ze-feijoa ukusakazwa kwembewu. Le ndlela futhi inenkinga. Yini i-feijoa evela embewini? Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi yisithombo sizobukeka kanjani - umphumela uyinto yokutshala enesizungu. Izithombo ziyahlukahluka ngamandla okukhula, amahlamvu nezinye izimpawu zezitshalo.
Ukuthola izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme, imbewu ivunwa kohlobo oluthile lokutholwa okuhle kakhulu ngokunambitheka okuphezulu nezakhiwo zokuhlobisa. Izithelo zikhethwa zikhulu, zivuthwe futhi zilinde ukuthambisa kwazo okuphelele, ngenkathi kugwema ukubola. Ngemuva kwalokho izithelo zichotshozwa ngobumnene futhi ngokugeza okuphindaphindwe ngamanzi, imbewu ihlukaniswa nezinsalela zepulpiti. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu yomile.
Nakani! Isithelo esisodwa se-feijoa siqukethe imbewu encane engama-30. Ngokufanelekile, kusuka ku-kilogram yamajikijolo amasha, ungathola cishe amagremu amathathu wembewu.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari - Mashi ngo-tank ophansi ogcwele ingxube yomhlaba, Peat yamahashe nesihlabathi (2: 2: 1). Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi ihlanganiswa kancane futhi yomiswe. Ama-grooves ajulile angama-5 mm enziwe ngaphezulu komhlaba futhi imbewu isatshalaliswa kuwo kude nge-3-5 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Izitshalo zimbozwe inhlabathi futhi zithambisa ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Isitsha simbozwe nge-cellophane futhi sibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo. Izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ebangeni le-16-20 ℃.
Kuphuma amahlumela enyangeni. I-greenhouse isakazwa nsuku zonke, futhi ekugcineni i-cellophane isuswe ngokuphelele. Lapho izitshalo ezincane zivela ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga angama-2-3, zidluliselwa kwezinye zezitsha ezihlukile, zinciphise izimpande zempande. Isendlalelo sezithombo esezikhulile sisinda futhi sivundile kakhudlwana: izingxenye eziyisithupha zomhlaba wesod, izingxenye ezi-4 zeqabunga nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi ne-humus.
Izithombo ze-Feijoa
Izimbumbulu
Ekwindla, ukusikwa kusikwa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu neziphakathi phakathi amahlumela anelayisi. Ubude bawo buyi-8-10 cm, ngalinye kufanele libe nezindawo ezintathu. Isibambo siphathwa ngeKornevin futhi sibekwa ngokucophelela endaweni engaphansi, sijulise imodi engezansi emhlabathini. Umhlaba umanzi futhi umbozwe ngembiza yengilazi. Ama-cutways we-Feijoa kunzima ukumpande, ngokukhuthaza, ungasebenzisa ukufudumeza okuphansi. Uma kwenzeka ukubangwa kwezimpande ngempumelelo, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, izithombo zidluliselwa emabhodweni nge-substrate yezakhi.
Ukubekwa
Indlela ethembeke ngokwengeziwe yokusakazeka kokutshala izitshalo ngokwenziwa kabusha. Kepha le ndlela idinga isikhathi eside nokutholakala kwamagatsha afanele. Ngokubekwa, ingxenye engezansi yesihlahla iyasetshenziswa, inenombolo elilinganiselwe yamahlumela.
I-Feijoa fruiting
Entwasahlobo, ukusikeka okuncane kwenziwa emahlumela aphansi. Amahlumela acindezelwa phansi, atholakala ngamabakaki ezitolo ezijulile. Izendlalelo eziphezulu zimbozwe umhlaba onempilo onempilo. Inhlabathi engenhla kwezendlalelo ihlala inyunyiswa. I-Rooting yenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-5, emva kwalokho izingqimba zihlukaniswa izitshalo zesibeletho futhi zitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Izithombo ze-Feijoa zinikeza izithelo zineminyaka engama-5-6 ubudala, kanti izitshalo ezitholwe ngenxa yokusakazeka kokumila ziqala ukuqhakaza futhi zithele izithelo ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Zombili izinhlobo zezingadi kanye nengaphakathi le-feijoa zingamelana nezifo. Kuma-specimens tubular, izinkinga zezimila zingahlotshaniswa nokunakekelwa okungafanele - ukuthambisa ngokweqile noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukweqisa komqondo wobumba. Lezi zinkinga zibhekwana nokwenza kahle kwezimo zokuboshwa.
Kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane ezincelisayo zihlala ku-feijoa: izinambuzane ezilinganayo nemikhaza. Ama-Scabies izinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo ezinesihlangu se-wax ngesimo sokukhula kwesigaxa. Imikhaza izilokazane ezincane kakhulu, ubukhona bazo bunganqunywa ngokuba khona kwe-cobweb emincane ezitshalweni. Ngokutheleleka kanzima, kusetshenziswa izinambuzane nama-acaricides. Uma izilonda zingashadile, izinambuzane zingaqoqwa ngesandla futhi zigeze isitshalo ngensipho nangamanzi.
I-Akka isitshalo sokuhlobisa njengewusizo. Kanye nezithelo eziphilisayo nezimnandi, i-feijoa inomqhele omuhle nezimbali ezinhle, ezivumela isiko ukuncintisana ngempumelelo nezinye izitshalo zasendlini.
