I-Kiwi - luhlobo luni lwezithelo, lukhula kanjani emvelweni nakwisiko

Izithelo zoqobo zoqobo lwe-kiwi zaziswa kakhulu ngokunambitheka kwazo okuhle, iphunga elimnandi, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini, ukuthutha okuhle nokugcina isikhathi eside izinyanga eziningi. Lesi sitshalo esiwusizo futhi esingazethembi siziva simnandi esivandeni sezindawo eziseningizimu yeRussia ne-Ukraine. Ungayitshala ngezimo zasendlini noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa.

Kiwi - Chinese Actinidia

IKiwi igama lokuhweba lezithelo zeChinese Actinidia yomndeni wakwa-Actinidia. Endle, lo mvini omkhulu onamahlamvu onamaqabunga awela ebusika ukhula emahlathini angaphansi kweChina eseningizimu. Ngokwemvelo, iziqhingi zaseChinina i-actinidia zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ubude, zikhuphuka ziye phezulu emqheleni wezihlahla.

Amaqabunga amakhulu e-kiwi abukeka engajwayelekile futhi ayabukeka. Leli liana linikeza umthunzi omningi, lilungele ukugcwala kwamagceke, ama-pergolas kanye nama-arbor endaweni eseningizimu.

Kiwi - liana elihle elinamaqabunga amakhulu

Izithelo zeKiwi ibheri ebunjiwe embozwe ngesikhumba esinombala onsundu kancane, lapho kuhlala khona uginindela omnandi nonephunga elimnandi. I-peel is rough futhi ayisetshenziselwa ukudla, kuphela uginindela wezithelo odliwayo. Imbewu Kiwi incane kakhulu futhi inqwaba, ayizwakali lapho idliwa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuyisusa lapho ukhonkotha lesi sithelo. Izithelo zingama-oval, zikhulu kancane kuneqanda lezinkukhu, zinesisindo esingama-100-150 amagremu.

Izithelo ze-Kiwi ezikhudlwana kancane kuneqanda lezinkukhu

Uginindela wezithelo zohlobo lwe-kiwi muhle ngombala ogqamile ngombala, ezinhlotsheni eziningi usahlala uluhlaza ngisho noma uvuthwe ngokuphelele, yize izinhlobo ezisanda kuphuma nenyama ophuzi zisanda kuvela. Kulula kakhulu ukwahlukanisa isithelo esivuthiwe nesisivuthiwe:

• izithelo ezingavuthiwe ezinzima ukuthinta
• izithelo ezivuthiwe ziba zithambile, nenyama yayo iba sobala.

Ezinyangeni eziningi zokugcina nokuhamba amabanga amade, izithelo ze-kiwi zivunwa kancane, ngenkathi ziqinile. Izithelo ezithambile ezivuthwe ngokugcwele zigcinwa izinsuku ezimbalwa, noma esiqandisini.

Ukuze izithelo ezisetshenzisiwe ze-kiwi zivuthwe ngokushesha, kufanele zifakwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki kanye nama-apula avuthiwe amaningi, zibopha isikhwama bese sizishiya emthunzini izinsuku ezingama-3-5 lokushisa kwamakamelo.

I-Kiwi yisitshalo esibalulekile sezithelo zentengiso emazweni asezingeni eliphakeme

I-actinidia yaseShayina ikhule kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ezingadini zaseChina nasemazweni angomakhelwane aseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho kuye kwenziwa khona izinhlobo eziningi zasendaweni. Kepha lesi sitshalo sezithelo sathola ukubaluleka kwezentengiselwano emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokuthandwa komhlaba wonke kuphela ngekhulu elidlule, lapho izinhlobo zakudala zamaShayina zilethwa eNew Zealand. I-liana yase-Outlandish yangasempumalanga ingene kahle ezweni laseNew Zealand, futhi abafuyi bendawo bakwazile ukudala izinhlobo ngezithelo ezinkulu kakhulu, ngenjongo yokuphakanyiswa lapho kwakhiwa igama lokuthengisa iKiwi (ukuhlonipha inyoni engafani nalutho, okuwuphawu olwaziwayo lweNew Zealand).

Izinhlobo zanamuhla ezinkulu ezinezithelo zeChineseidia zaseChinese zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngendlela ehlukile - i-actinidia emnandi, ukuyihlukanisa kokhokho babo basendle.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-kiwi ezinezithelo ezinkulu (igalari yezithombe)

Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ze-kiwi (ithebula)

Izifunda zamasiko ama Kiwi

Njengamanje, i-kiwi yisitshalo esibaluleke kakhulu sezentengiso eNyakatho ne-New Zealand, endaweni engaphansi kwe-USA namazwe aseNingizimu Melika, eChina, eJapan, emazweni amaningi aseNingizimu neYurophu.

Izithelo eziningi ze-kiwi sezikhulile e-Italy. Ngaba nethuba lokuxoxa nabalimi abaningana base-Italy, abanikazi bamahlathi anjalo. Ngokombono wabo, isiko le-kiwi alinankinga futhi linenzuzo enkulu uma liqhathaniswa namagilebhisi endabuko kulezo zindawo: azikho izinambuzane nezifo ku-kiwi, ngakho-ke isibulala-zinambuzane esisebenzayo asidingeki nhlobo, isitshalo siqinisekiswa ukuthi sinobungane bemvelo futhi sigcinelwe isikhathi eside. Ngokutshala i-kiwi, njengaphansi kwezivini, ungasebenzisa izindawo ezingathandeki ezintabeni nasezintabeni, futhi ukwakheka kwezisekeli akuhlukile kakhulu kumagilebhisi.

Amahlathi amaKiwi emazweni amaningi aphumelela ukufaka izivini

Kiwi ukhula kahle engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia: ogwini Olwandle Olumnyama eCaucasus, eCrimea, eningizimu yeDagestan. Ogwini oluseningizimu yeCrimea, eSocrhi naseKrasnodar, kiwi ngempumelelo ebusika ngaphandle kokukhosela, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ze-liana ebusika kubalulekile ukususa ezisekelweni, zilele emhlabathini futhi zimboze.

Ikhula kanjani i-kiwi eYalta (ividiyo)

Ungakhula i-kiwi esifundeni iBlack Sea yase-Ukraine. Ukutshala ngempumelelo ama-amateur ukutshala kwale-creeper nakho kuyatholakala eTranscarpathia. E-Kiev, i-actinidia yaseChina kwesinye isikhathi ithela izithelo eminyakeni ethile ephumelela kakhulu, kepha iqhwa kakhulu phakathi nobusika besithwathwa. EBelarus nasenkabeni neRussia, ukutshalwa kwe-kiwi kungenzeka kuphela ezimeni zokugcina ukushisa.

Yini i-mini kiwi

Eminyakeni yamuva, izithombo eziningi zasensimini zisebenzisa igama elithi "mini-kiwi" ukukhulisa isidingo sabathengi bezithombo zezinye izinhlobo ze-Actinidia:

• isenzo se-actinidia,
• Actinidia Purpurea,
• actinidia colomictus.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Chinese actinidia, lezi zinhlobo zibanda kakhulu ebusika, ikakhulukazi i-colomictus Actinidia, ekhula futhi ithele izithelo ngaphandle kwezindawo zokukhosela ngisho naseSifundeni SaseMoscow, eSiberia nase-Urals. Ubukhulu bezithelo zabo bukhulu kakhulu kunokwe-kiwi, kepha abuphansi kubo ngokunambitheka nakokuqukethwe kwezakhamzimba.

Izinhlobo ze-mini-kiwi (igalari yezithombe)

Engadini yami eseMiddle Volga, iminyaka eminingi, umvini weColomict actinidia ubuthela izithelo, minyaka yonke ekupheleni kuka-Agasti uthela isivuno samajikijolo aphakathi nosayizi wamagilebhisi, nokunambitheka nephunga elinjenge-kiwis yesitolo yangempela.

Izimbali Ze-Kiwi Nezithelo

I-Kiwi, njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-actinidia, isitshalo esihlangene. Izimbali zabesilisa nabesifazane zitholakala kumakhophi ahlukene. Ngokunembile anqume ubulili bezitshalo buba khona kuphela ngesikhathi sezimbali. Imivini yemvelaphi yembewu iqhakaza kaningi ngeminyaka engama-5-7 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu esekhulile kusuka kumisiki nokusikiwe ngaphambili, sekuyiminyaka engama-3-4.

Izimbali ze-kiwi zabesifazane zihlelwe ngamaqembu amancane.

Izimbali ze-kiwi zabesifazane zihlelwe ngamaqembu amancane. Imibala emhlophe noma kakhilimu kancane. Maphakathi nembali ngayinye yowesifazane, isigaxa esikhulu esinesihluku esinjenge-asterisk siyabonakala kahle. Amandla okuzungeza kwawo athuthukisiwe, ngakho-ke, ukuziveza kungafanele.

Maphakathi nembali ye-kiwi yowesifazane, ipestle ibonakala ngokucacile, futhi okugcwala kuyasungulwa

Uma izimbali eziningi zesifazane zenziwa futhi zafakelwa impova epulazini ngasikhathi sinye, khona-ke izithelo ezikhule kuzo ziyoba zincane. Ukuthola izithelo ezinkulu ikakhulukazi, ngemuva nje kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, ziyaphungulwa, kususwe ezengeziwe.

Izimbali zesilisa azakhi izithelo zohlobo lwe-kiwi, kepha ziyadingeka ekuvinjelweni

Izimbali ezimhlophe ze-kiwi zabesilisa ziqoqwe ngebhulashi lezingcezu eziningana ku-peduncle eyodwa. I-Kiwi ifakwe impova yizinyosi nezinye izinambuzane, ngakho-ke izimbali ziba melliferous kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwembali yesilisa, ama-stamens amaningi anempova abonakala kahle, futhi ipestle yakhelwe ngaphakathi futhi ayinaso i-asterisk.

Izimbali zesilisa ezingamaKiwi zinama-stamens amaningi anempova, futhi ipestle yakheka ngaphansi

KuSlohi, i-kiwi iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi, izithelo zivuthwa maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaDisemba. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinhle, izithelo zihlala njalo ngonyaka, kepha ebusika imbali efihlekile ingafa, kanti izimbali namahlumela zivame ukulinyazwa yiqhwa lokubuya kwentwasahlobo.

Izici zokukhula kiwi emhlabathini ovulekile

Lapho utshala i-kiwi yazo zonke izitshalo eziyi-10 zezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo zabesifazane (Hayward, Kivaldi, Monti, Bruno, Abbot, Allison, ...) ngenjongo yokuvota, okungenani izitshalo ezi-2 zezinhlobo zempova yabesilisa kumele zitshalwe (Matua, Tomuri, ...). Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo lapho ukutshala okungenani amamitha ayi-2-3.

Ukukhulisa i-kiwi, udinga ukuxhaswa. ITrellis ivame ukufakwa ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Ukuphakama kwe-trellis ngamamitha ayi-2-2,5, ukubopha amahlumela phakathi kwezinsika, ucingo oluqinile selulwa ngokuqondile emigqeni engu-1-3. Ukuthena okwenziwa kwenzeka ekwindla sekwephuzile ngemuva kokuvunwa, ukusika ukuqina, amahlumela abuthakathaka futhi agugile kakhulu.

Ukuze kukhule i-kiwi, ama-trellises enziwe ngezigxobo nocingo olule phakathi kwazo

I-Chineseinininidinidia idinga umswakama ophezulu womoya nenhlabathi, ngakho-ke amasimu aniselwa njalo. Emasimini amancane engadi ungatshala izitshalo emthunzini ongatheni wokuvikela ukuvikela elangeni elishisayo elishisayo. Kuyahle ukutshala i-kiwi eduze kwe-gazebo noma i-veranda evulekile, uzothola i-canopy enhle enomthunzi wamaqabunga aluhlaza.

Ngaphandle kokukhosela, izitshalo ze-kiwi zabantu abadala zimelana neqhwa lesikhashana le--15 ... -17 ° C, izinhlobonhlobo ezincane zilinyazwa kakhulu ngisho ku -10 ° C.

Ezifundeni ezineqhwa zasebusika ezingenzeka, ebusika obungcono, ama-kiwi lianas angahlanganiswa futhi ebusika:

1. Mboza umhlabathi eduze kwezitshalo ngamagatsha noma ngeplastiki ukuze umvini ungaboli ngokuxhumana nenhlabathi.
2. Susa umvini ezisekelweni bese ubeka phezu kwesembozo.
3. Ikhava ephezulu enamagatsha e-spruce noma ama-mats womhlanga.
4. Mboza izinto zokufakelwa ngensingo yepulasitiki, uqinise imiphetho yayo ngezitini noma ufafaze ngomhlaba.

Ukuvikela ngokumelene nesithwathwa, i-kiwi ingambozwa ebusika

Endabeni yamathanga aqinile isikhathi eside, kufanele kufakwe umoya okokuphephela umoya. Entwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa futhi imivini iboshelwe ku-trellis.

Khula Kiwi Ekhaya

Uma ufisa, ungazama ukukhulisa i-kiwi njenge -planethi yezindlu, yize kungekho mqondo othize kulokhu:

• i-fruiting idinga ukuba khona kwezilokazana zabesilisa nabesifazane eziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye (impova yenziwa ngesandla ngebhulashi elithambile);
• kiwi - umvini omkhulu, uthatha isikhala esiningi;
• ubusika obupholile obunokushisa okungaba ngu-5 ° C kuyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwezimbali eziqhakazayo;
• izimbali zenzeka sekwephuzile, iminyaka engama-5-7 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, futhi nokuthola ukuthi ubulili bezithombo bunokwenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Ngokuhlwanyela, ungasebenzisa imbewu kusuka ezithelweni ze-kiwi ezithengiwe esitolo:

1. Melana nezithelo ezisegumbini elifudumele kuze kube yilapho sezivuthiwe ngokuphelele (kufanele zithambe, zibe nenyama ebonakalayo).
   

   Imbewu yezithelo ezivuthiwe ze-kiwi zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela.

2. Hlukanisa imbewu kusuka kwi-pulp ngokugeza emanzini ahlanzekile.
3. Cwilisa imbewu ehlanjwe kahle isonto ngendwangu emanzi ngamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-20 ° C, ukuvikela ukoma.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho hlwanyela engxenyeni yenhlabathi evulekile ebangeni elingamamilimitha ayi-5, uthele ngokucophelela amanzi amancane afudumele.
5. Gcina izilimo ku- + 20 ... + 25 ° C, ngemuva kokuqhuma, faka iwindows ekhanyayo ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.

Ukunakekela i-kiwi yangaphakathi kuqukethe ukunisela okuvamile ngamanzi axazululiwe, ukuvimbela umhlaba ukuba ungangeni ebhodweni (ukunisela kaningi ehlobo, okuvame kakhulu ebusika), ukufafazwa kwamasonto onke ngamaqabunga ngamanzi afudumele amancane nokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo konyaka. Ukuze uthole amagxathu okhuphuka amahlumela ebhodweni, kufakwa uthango lwentambo elucayi olufakiwe.

Ungakhula kanjani kiwi ekhaya (ividiyo)

Ukubuyekezwa

I-Kiwi yisitshalo sangemuva esidinga ubusika obupholile.

Odina//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/56-kivi-aktinidiia-kitajskaia-doma-i-na-balkone/

UKiwi osusele ekuqaleni kwe-10 uqala ukuthoba.

Maroussia//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/21374-vyraschivaem-kivi-aktinidiiu-kitajskuiu-v-otkryto/

Ngimboza kahle amagilebhisi ... angizange ngibone umehluko ebusika bokuqina kwamagilebhisi ne-kiwi. Okuwukuphela kokuphela kokuthi i-kiwi ivuke ngandlela-thile ngaphambili kwamagilebhisi, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ungene ngaphansi kwesithwathwa kuphezulu kakhulu.

U-Alexey Sh//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3289

I-Chinese actinidia - iyi-kiwi yangempela! KwiKotanical Kiev, iyakhula, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ithela izithelo

Sveta2609//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/125485/

I-Kiwi isithelo esithelisayo esithembisa kakhulu izifunda ezinesimo sezulu esiphansi sommandla. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezimbalwa njengendawo yoMhlaba Omnyama, ukuvikela ubusika kuzosiza ukuvikela imivini kusuka qhwa. Futhi maphakathi neRussia, lapho i-kiwi ingabusika khona noma ngaphansi kokukhosela ngokucophelela, ezinye izinhlobo ze-actinidia zikhula kahle kakhulu ngokuqina kobusika obuphezulu futhi zincane kakhulu kune-kiwi yangempela, kepha azikho izithelo ezimnandi nezinempilo.