IPlum Eurasia 21 - incazelo nokutshala

I-Eurasia 21 iyinhlobonhlobo yokuqala ethokozisayo ye-plum. Kepha akubona bonke abalimi abangathola imiphumela emihle lapho beyikhulisa ngenxa yokuthile okungathandeki. Izici ezinhle zabathengi zezithelo nokukhiqiza eminyakeni evumayo yizinto ezidonsela abalimi. Sizozama ukusiza abathanda ukuba baveze ngokuphelele izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo, ukukhulisa ukushiyeka kwayo.

Incazelo yebanga

I-Plum ehlukahlukene i-Eurasia 21 (kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Eurasia) yatholakala ngabazalisi beVoronezh State Agrarian University. Yakhiwa ngonjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphandle kokuya endle yesayensi, siphawula ukuthi i-cherry plum, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zama-plums, zaba nengxenye ekwakhekeni kohlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo:

• ILacrescent;
• Simone
• I-East Asia
• IsiShayina
• WaseMelika
• umsebenzi wesikole.

Ngo-1986, le nzalo yafakwa kwiRegista Yombuso futhi yaqanjwa esifundeni esiseMiddle Black Earth. Okwamanje akhishwe kuRejista Yombuso - ngasiphi isizathu, kwakungeke kutholakale.

I-Eurasia 21 inesihlahla esikhulu, esifinyelela kumamitha ayisithupha, nesiqu esinsundu-grey namagatsha. ICrohn iphakathi nendawo, isakaza. Amagatsha akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngaphambi kokuqina kancane kwesiqu sokuqina. Lokhu kuholela ekuqineni kwesihlahla nokumelana kabi nemimoya enamandla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba iminyaka ikhula, ubungozi buhamba.

Izinhlobonhlobo zinobunzima obukhulu bezinkuni, izimpande nezimbali. Izimpande zibekezelela ukuqandelwa kufinyelela ku-20 ° C, okuyisinkomba esihle kakhulu. Ukungavikeleki kwezifo zokukhunta, kufaka phakathi i-kleasterosporiosis - ephakathi.

Ukuvuthwa kokuqala okuhlukahlukene kulungile - izithelo ziqala ngonyaka we-4-5 ngemuva kokutshala. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, isilinganiso sama-50 kg sezithelo zivunwa esihlahleni, kwesinye isikhathi ama-80-100 kg. Kodwa izitshalo ezinjalo azivamile. Njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zizithela ngokuphelele, uma uMeyi (isikhathi sokuqhuma kwe-plum) sinomoya futhi lina, ukwakheka kwamaqanda kuncipha kakhulu, futhi kungenzeka kungenzeki. Futhi-ke, isimo esidingekayo sokuvota okuphumelelayo ukuba khona kwezivunguvungu eziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye:

• Greengage;
• Greengage ethelayo;
• Indlu yesibane
• Ipulazi Lokubambisana leGreengage;
• Imemori ye-Timiryazev nabanye.

Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo akwenzeki ngasikhathi sinye ukusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuvunwa ngezigaba eziningana. Izithelo ezingavuniwe kancane zigcinwa amasonto amathathu efrijini ngenkathi kugcinwa impahla yabathengi. Inhloso yezithelo itafula, futhi kubo kubo kuthathwa ijusi elihlwabusayo nelinephunga.

Amapulangwe avuthiwe anokwakheka okuyindilinga nombala omuhle we-burgundy onamathela nge-waxy. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sezithelo singama-25-30 g, futhi ngokusho kweminye imithombo - ngu-35-40 g ngisho no-50 g. Isipuni sinombala ophuzi-owujusi, onomunyu, onambitheka omnandi, omnandi. Itshe liphakathi ngosayizi, alihlukanisi kahle ipulpiti.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezinhlobonhlobo

Ukufingqa, siletha ndawonye izimfanelo ezichaziwe ezihambisana nezinto ezahlukahlukene. Izinzuzo zako:

• Ukuqina kobusika obuphakeme.
• Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
• Isivuno esikhulu ngesizini enhle.
• Izithelo ezinhle ezinkulu ezinezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zentengiso.
• Ukunambitheka okumnandi nephunga lezithelo.
• Ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwezithelo ezingavuthiwe kancane kuze kufike kumaviki amathathu.

Kukhona futhi nokushiyeka okuningi futhi phakathi kwawo kukhona okubalulekile:

• Ukuzala ngokwakho kanye nokuthembela okukhulu ezimeni zangaphandle ngesikhathi sokuvota, ngenxa yalokho isivuno esingahambelani.
• Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esikhulu.
• Amagatsha akhula ngokushesha amelana nemimoya kabi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila.
• Ukuqedwa kwe-clastosporiosis.
• Ukuvuthwa kanyekanye kwezithelo.

Ukutshala izinhlobo ze-plum i-Eurasia 21

Imithetho yokutshala ama-plums e-Eurasia 21 cishe awafani nezinye izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo. Izidingo ezikhethekile zifaka izimfuno eziphezulu zenhlabathi - i-loamy ephakathi ne-clayey ephendula ngokungathathi hlangothi (pH 6.5-7.5) ifanelana kangcono nayo. Emhlabathini onomanyolo, iplamu izothela izithelo kabi ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi inyanzeliswe ngokungenisa isikhunta ngenani le-0,5-1 kg emgodini wokutshala. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhetha indawo evikelekile emimoyeni, ngenxa yokumelana okuphansi kwamagatsha kubo eminyakeni yokuqala. Okunye kufanele kuhambisane nemithetho ejwayelekile. Bakhumbule kafushane:

1. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ukuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho ama-elembu angakaqali ukukhula. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ukutshala i-plum ekwindla nakho kungenzeka ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokukhula (isikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga).
2. Izithombo zithengwa kangcono ekwindla, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sokutshala esikhethiwe.
3. Umgodi wokufika akufanele ulungiswe kungakadluli izinsuku eziyi-10-15 ngaphambi kokutshala, kuthi esimweni sokutshala entwasahlobo, kulungiselelwe ekwindla.
4. Ubukhulu bomgodi kufanele okungenani bube yi-0,8 m ubukhulu futhi bube ngokufana. Umgodi ugcwele inhlabathi evundile ngokufakwa kukamanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali.

Isinyathelo-nesinyathelo-sokufika kwemiyalo

1. Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo kufanele sisuswe endaweni yokugcina bese sifaka izimpande zayo ebhakedeni lamanzi. Lapho, ungangeza izidakamizwa ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande njengeKornevin, Epin, Heteroauxin, njll.
   

   Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo kufanele sisuswe endaweni yokugcina bese sifaka izimpande zayo ebhakedeni lamanzi

2. Maphakathi nomgodi, kwakhiwa umgodi onendunduma encane maphakathi nosayizi omkhulu kangangokuba uhlelo lwezimpande lwembewu luhluma ngokukhululekile kuwo.
3. Isithombo sehliselwa ngentamo yezimpande edulini futhi izimpande zisatshalaliswa emithambekeni yayo.
4. Mboza ngobumnene ngomhlaba, ungqimba ngokwendlalelwa okwenziwe ngalo. Ngemuva kokugcwaliswa emuva, intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale isezingeni lomhlabathi noma ngo-2-3 cm ngaphezu kwawo.
   

   Ngemuva kokugcwaliswa emuva, intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale isezingeni lomhlabathi noma ngo-2-3 cm ngaphezu kwawo
5. Kwenziwa isigaqa sobumba sizungeze isihlahla ukuze sibambe amanzi.
6. Nisela isitshalo amahlandla ama-3-4 kuze kube yilapho amanzi egcwala ngokuphelele.
7. Bafaka umhlabathi ngenhlabathi efanelekile - utshani, hay, Peat, njll.
8. Sika isithombo kube ukuphakama okungama-0.8-1.0 m. Ama-Sprigs afushaniswa ngama-60-70%.

Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa

Ngokuvamile, ukutshalwa kwe-plum Eurasia 21 nokunakekelwa kwayo kuvamile kulesi sitshalo futhi ngeke sibachaze. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo ukushuba nokukhula ngokushesha kwamagatsha, okudinga ukuthathwa okufika ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele. Masihlale kulesi sigaba ngemininingwane eminingi.

I-Plum Trimming Eurasia

Iphuzu eliyinhloko lalesi sigaba ukubuyisela ukukhula kwesihlahla ngokwakha umqhele waso. Ngokuqondene nazo zonke izihlahla ezinde, kunengqondo ukuthi i-Eurasia 21 isebenzise ukwakheka kwe-sparse-tiered. Ukuze wenze lokhu:

• Entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala, kwakha ihlathi lokuqala lamagatsha lwamathambo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
  • Khetha amagatsha angama-2-3 esiqwini, esisendaweni eyi-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi uqondiswe ezinhlangothini ezihlukile, kuthi lowaphansi kufanele akhiwe ngo-30-40 cm ukusuka emhlabathini.
  • Fushanisa ngama-60-70%.
  • Susa wonke amanye amahlumela.
• Fushanisa ukuqhuba okuphakathi ngo-20-30%.
• Ngemuva konyaka, ngendlela efanayo, yakha ihlathi lesibili, ishiya amagatsha ayi-1-2 kuwo.
• Ngonyaka we-4-5 emva kokutshala, kwakheka ihlosi lesithathu, lapho kuzoba khona namagatsha angama-1-2.
• Ngasikhathi sinye, umsunguli ophakathi nendawo unqunywa ngenhla kwesisekelo segatsha lamathambo elingenhla.
  

  Ngokuqondene nazo zonke izihlahla ezinde, kunengqondo ukuthi i-Eurasia 21 isebenzise ukwakheka kwe-sparse-tiered

Eminyakeni yokuqala engama-2-4, kuyadingeka futhi ukunaka ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagatsha akhula ngokushesha, ukuwanciphisa, uma kunesidingo, ekwindla, kanye nokuthenwa kwenhlanzeko. Ehlobo, lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukugqokwa kwamahlumela amancane kwenziwa ngokufinyeza kwawo ngo-10-20 cm, okunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwamagatsha athusayo. Lokhu, kusebenza njengesikhuthazo sokukhulisa isibalo sama-buds wezithelo futhi sikhuphule isivuno.

Futhi kufanele futhi usiqaphe njalo isimo somqhele, uvikele ukuqina okuqinile kwevolumu yangaphakathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi nangaphezulu anqunywa, bese amagatsha omile, anezifo futhi alimele asuswe.

Izifo nezilokazane - izinhlobo eziphambili nezixazululo zenkinga

IPlum Eurasia, njengezithelo eziningi zamatshe, ithambekele ezifweni ezithile zokukhunta, kanye nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Abalimi abanolwazi abalindeli inkinga, kepha ngendlela efike ngesikhathi nangendlela ejwayelekile benza umsebenzi olula wokuvimbela umsebenzi. It cishe isiqinisekiso se-100% sivimbela ukutheleleka kwezifo kanye nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Ithebula: Imisebenzi Yezifo Zokuvimbela Izifo

Ama-fungicides angamalungiselelo amakhemikhali noma awemvelo isenzo sawo sihloselwe ukulwa nama-causative agents wezifo zokukhunta.

Ama-insecticides - izindlela zokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Kleasterosporiosis

Isifo sesihlahla se-plum esivame kakhulu. Igama laso lesibili (ukugqobhoza umgodi) libonisa uphawu olukhulu - ukwakheka kwezindawo ezinobomvu onsundu emaqabunga alesi sitshalo, esomisa ngokushesha bese siphenduka izimbobo. Lokhu kungumphumela wokutheleleka nge-fungus Clasterosporium carpophilum, enezinhlamvu zayo ebusika enhlabathini, amaqabunga awile kanye nokuqhekeka osebeni. Izimpawu zokuqala (ukubala) ziyavela entwasahlobo, futhi ekwindla isifo siyaqhubeka, singathinti amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa nezithelo namagxolo. Uma lesi sitshalo singalashwa, lokhu kuholela ekuwohlisweni kwaso, ukuncipha kokumelana nesithwathwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-homosis kungenzeka (okuningi kulokhu okungezansi).

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-kleasterosporiosis ukuvela kwamabala abomvu ansundu emaqabungeni

Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukususa izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo nokwelashwa nge-fungicides. Okudume kakhulu yiChorus, Skor, Strobi, Topaz.

I-Moniliosis

I-fungus ye-causative yalesi sifo ivame ukuwela esihlahleni entwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Izinhlwayi zakhe zithwala izinyosi nezinye izinambuzane emahlakeni azo ngesikhathi kuqoqwa umpe. Ukuhlakulela, isikhunta singena emgodini we-flower amahlumela namaqabunga. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo ziyabuna, zisontekile futhi ziyabuna. Ukusuka ohlangothini kubukeka njengokushiswa yilangabi noma ukwehlulwa yisithwathwa. Ngakho-ke elinye igama lalesi sifo - ukushiswa kwezilwane.

Amahlumela ahlatshwe yi-moniliosis abukeka sengathi ashiswe ngumlilo

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu zalesi sifo, amahlumela angenwe kufanele asikwe, athumba i-10-15 cm ngokhuni olunempilo. Bese ufafaza ngama-fungicides kathathu ngokuphumula kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-fungicides amaningi angumlutha ku-fungus, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezinento efanayo esebenzayo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesithathu ngesizini akunampumelelo.

Ehlobo, i-moniliosis iba nezithelo, zibangele ukubola kwezithelo. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwengxenye ebalulekile yesilimo. Ukwelapha kuleli cala kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziningi kunqunyelwe. Kufanele usebenzise lezo ezinesikhathi esincane sokulinda. Isibonelo, uHorus (izinsuku eziyi-7), uQuadris (izinsuku ezingama-3-5), uFitosporin (angacutshungulwa ngosuku lokuqoqwa kwezithelo) nabanye.

Ehlobo, i-moniliosis iba nezithelo, zibangele ukubola kwezithelo

Ikhaya (ukutholwa kwezinsini)

Leli igama lesifo esingatheleleki, esivezwa ekuphelisweni kwezinsini kusuka kumifantu noma kulimale amagxolo esihlahla. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yemigodi yesithwathwa noma izifo ezifana ne-kleasterosporiosis, i-moniliosis, njll. Futhi, ukutholwa kwezinsini kungadalwa ngokunisela ngokweqile, ukumiswa komswakama kanye ne-overdose yomanyolo we-nitrogen.

I-gummy gum secretion ibukeka njengamaconsi e-amber eqandisiwe

Ngenhloso yokwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanze ngokuphelele izindawo zokukhuculula i-gum futhi ubaphathe ngesixazululo esingu-3% we-Bordeaux fluid. Ungasebenzisa futhi ikhambi labantu - hlikihla isilonda amahlandla amathathu ngamaqabunga amasha wesaka ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwemizuzu eyi-10-15. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, isilonda simbozwa ngesendlalelo se-varnish engadi noma i-putty.

Plum sawfly

Izinhlobo ezimbili zezilokazane zingatholakala echibini - amapulangwe aphuzi namnyama. Umehluko wabo uqukethe kuphela ukwakheka nombala womzimba, futhi umjikelezo wokuphila kanye nokulimala okwenziwe kuyafana. Lapho amahlumela eqala ukuphenduka apinki entwasahlobo, izimvemvane ze-sawfly ziphuma okokuqala ngqa. Zidla impova kanye nompe kusuka ezincelweni, ezinhlinini zamakhemikhali, kumapheya, njll. Emva kwamasonto amabili, umlingani wezinambuzane, insikazi ibekela amaqanda ethuneni lamahlumela angenakuphikwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12, izibungu ziyaququda ziphuma emaqanda, ezilimaza isitshalo. Izibungu zokuqala zidla ama-ovari, okwesibili - ngaphakathi kwesibeletho nasemathanjeni. Izithelo ezilimele ziyawa, ngokunqotshwa okukhulu, ukufa kwengxenye ebalulekile yesitshalo kungenzeka. Isikhunta, izibungu zihlala emhlabathini weziqu zezihlahla.

Ukwehlulwa kweplamu yi-sawfly kunganqunywa ngokuba khona kwamaconsi ezinsini ezitsheni

Uma izibungu zitholakala ezitsheni, ngeke zisakwazi ukulondolozwa. Kusetshenziswa i-bioinsecticide kuphela ukuvikela izithelo ezingathinteki.s njenge-Iskra-Bio, Fitoverm, Fitosporin, njll. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokuvimbela ezichazwe ngenhla zisebenza kangcono.

I-Plum moth

Leli bhungane liwumndeni onamaqabunga angama-greyish-brown ngombala futhi elinamaphiko we-10-15 mm kulayini ophakathi akhula ezizukulwaneni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Isikhathi sendiza ngoJuni - Julayi. Isikhathi sokuphila sezimvemvane sisukela ezinsukwini ezi-4 kuye kwezingu-15, futhi ngalesi sikhathi ngokuvamile azondli. Izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda ezitsheni, kakhulu esikhathini esingaphansi kwamaqabunga. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-11, kuvela izibungu (amacimbi) ezihamba epulpiti ziye kwisisekelo se-petiole futhi, zilimaze uhlelo lwamathambo, ziqede izithelo zokudla okunempilo. Ngenkathi izithelo zisezincane, izibungu ziququda ithambo, futhi lapho sezilukhuni, idla inyama ezungezile futhi igcwalise isikhala ngocelemba. Amacembe wonyaka wokugcina wobusika, futhi ukhukhamba maphakathi no-Ephreli.

Isibungu se-plum moth sidonsa inyama yengane futhi sigcwalisa isikhala nge-excrement

Zonke izindlela zokuvimbela ezichazwe ngenhla zimelana nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Lapho kuvela amaconsi ezinsini ezitsheni, sekwephuze kakhulu ukulwa. Kulokhu, ungazama ukonga ingxenye yesilwanyane usebenzisa i-fungicides yemvelo ekwelashweni.

Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi

I-Eurasia inohlu oluncane kakhulu lwabathutha impova. Umngane wami engadini unokubomvu kusenesikhathi. Kujabulisa kakhulu umkhiqizo we-E-21 (ikakhulukazi, ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi sasebusika nangokuya ngemiphumela yehlobo elishisa kakhulu). Enye inzuzo yalokhu okuhlukahlukene ubulukhuni bayo busika obuphakeme.Ukusuka lapha, ukuze "ungadunyazwa", gxilisa umqhele we-E-21 Skorospelka cr. Futhi ukuholele ihlumela elincane - nje for impova.

toliam1

//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?p=351490

I-Eurasia iqhakaza ekuseni kakhulu, lapho kusabanda kakhulu. Waqhakaza yonke intwasahlobo nami, kepha akazange athele izithelo. Ngaphezu kwakhe abekhona kusayithi iRenklod Kolkhozny, ubuhle beVolga, iMirnaya. Kwake kwaba nesiphethu sokuqala, esishisayo futhi ngabanikela impova efanayo yonke iplamu yayisisithelo. Kwakuyisilimo sokuqala nesokugcina. Ngemuva kokukhiqiza izithelo eziningi, ngokushesha wavele wakhuleka

I-Yakimov

//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=48768&pid=824754&mode=threaded&start=#entry824 75

Re: I-Eurasia 21

Usuvele uhoxisiwe kwirejista Yombuso. Ngisola ukuthi ngenxa yamaphutha anjengokuvuthwa kwezithelo okungekho ngasikhathi sinye kwezithelo ngokukhula kwesihlahla okukhulu nokuqhekeka kwezithelo.

vin2231

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=15251

Ukuzilolonga kwezinhlobonhlobo nomjikelezo omncane wabapholisi bezitshalo ovame ukushiya umlimi ngaphandle kwesilimo. Leli qiniso lingeza ukungabaza lapho kuhlolwa lesi sihlahla se-plum esithela izithelo zekhwalithi enhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuncoma ukutshalwa kwe-Eurasia 21 kuphela kubalimi abakhuthele abazoyinikeza impova esezingeni eliphakeme (ngokwesibonelo, ukutshala amahlumela enhlobonhlobo ye-pollinator emqheleni), ukusika ngesikhathi kanye nezinye izigaba zokunakekelwa.