I-cicada yangaphakathi engaphandle eminingi ithatha umuthi wesundu. Noma kunjalo, imbali endala kunazo zonke ayihlotshaniswa nayo. Lesi yisitshalo esihlobene nama-ferns.
Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zavela eMhlabeni ngaphambi kokugcotshwa. Izidumbu zamaqabunga agqamile zitholakala emimeleni yaseMesozoic. AmaTsikas - isitshalo somndeni wamaCycas - angatholakala emahlathini ashisayo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-90 zezimbali zokuhlobisa.
Izwe lesitshalo lithathwa njengendawo eshisayo yomswakama empumalanga. Itholakala kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, eziqhingini zaseJapan. E-Russia, ikhula ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama.
Incazelo: ukubukeka, isiqu, amaqabunga, izici
Ama-tsikas angawezitshalo zezitshalo ezingama-coniferous. Ifana nesihlahla sesundu ngenxa yomqhele waso osakazekayo.
Isiqu esinamandla esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-20-80 sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-7. I-bark yaso ifana negobolondo. Ama-tsikasas we-Indoor awekho esimweni sokukhula: ngonyaka, kuvela amagatsha amaqabunga angama-1-2. Bahlukaniswa ngokuqina, ukungavikeleki kwemvelo. Imbali iyazikhukhumeza ukunakekela ekhaya.
Isitshalo sinamaqabunga alukhuni avela ngasikhathi sinye engxenyeni engezansi ye-rosette ebukekayo. Ekuqaleni kokubunjwa, basikhumbuza i-waii engabonakali yefern. Kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-2, baba nesikhumba, siqinile. Njengoba sesifinyelele esigabeni sokuzala, amaqabunga ama-semi-glossy athatha imidwebo egobile ngokuqinile.
I-Tsikas isitshalo esiphilayo kabili. Ungahlukanisa phakathi kwamafomu wesilisa nowabesifazane ngesigaxa. Ubonakala phezulu. Esibonelweni sowesifazane, isigaxa sifana neklabishi; imbewu enkulu yombala obomvu omnyama iyavuthwa kuso. Impova ifomu kowesilisa.
I-Tsikas isitshalo esinobuthi. Ubuthi obuqukethwe ezingxenyeni zezimbali, lapho bufakwa, bubangela ubuthi obunamandla. Imbali yokuhlobisa kufanele ibekwe ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki ezinganeni nasezilwaneni.
Izinhlobo zama-Tsikas zokuzalela ngaphakathi
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, esifudumele, isundu lase-saga lisetshenziselwa ukubuka imigwaqo nezigcawu.
Kwi-floriculture engaphakathi, inombolo encane yezinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Inguquko | Izinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Isiqu sekholomu sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ama-3. Umqhele onomqhele opholile. Ubude bamaqabunga aluhlaza we-pinnate amnyama 2 m. |
| Siamese | Ukuphakama kwesiqu esiqinisiwe kungamamitha ayi-1,6-1.9 ubude bamaqabunga akhonjisiwe angamasentimitha ayi-10. Iziqu zimbozwe ngameva. Umbala wamaqabunga umhlophe ngombala omhlophe. |
| Kukhethiwe | Esiqwini sekholomu 2 m ukuphakama, amaqabunga akhiwa yinqwaba yezingcezu eziyi-15. AmaRachis kusuka phezulu kuya phakathi ambozwe ngameva. Isiqu sesitshalo esidala sinezinqubo ezilandela kamuva, sisetshenziselwa ukubamba imbala. |
| I-Rumpha | Ibanga eliphakeme kakhulu. Amaqabunga eCirrus afinyelela kubude obuyi-2 m. |
| I-Comicoid | Umuthi omncane. Amacembe afile alengiswa phansi esiqwini. Igama lalesi sitshalo libangelwa ukufana neqhude. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya Kwama-Cicas - Ithebula Lwesizini
Tshala imbali yokuhlobisa kufanele ibe semhlabathini omuhle ovunyelwe. Ama-Tsikas adinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo: lapho kubanda kakhulu igumbi, imbala inganyuki kakhulu. Amanzi kufanele adlule ngokushesha enhlabathini angene kwisigaxa. Ngemuva kwengxenye yehora, iyakhishwa.
Lapho kufakwa umswakama isitshalo, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuvikela amaconsi amakhulu uketshezi ukuthi angaweli emacembe. Ifu elihle kufanele lidale umswakama womoya elizungeze imbali (70-80%). Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, i-cicada izizwa ikhululekile.
Ukunakekela ama-cycas, sula amahlamvu ngendwangu ethambile. AbakwaTsikas baphendula ngokufafaza ngokufafaza ngamanzi afudumele, noma yikuphi ukufakwa komoya. Esikhathini sobusika, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa. Isitshalo sinikezwa isimo sokuphumula.
| Ipharamitha | Ntwasahlobo | Ihlobo | Ukuwa | Ubusika |
| Indawo | Indawo yokuhlala isenyakatho, uhlangothi olusempumalanga. I-Shading lapho itholakala kuwindi laseningizimu. | Ephephile kokusalungiswa | ||
| Isibani | Isibani esikhanyayo esanele. | Imisebe yelanga emibi. | Udinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe. | |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ° C | + 26 ° C | + 15 ... + 17 ° C | Kupholile (hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 15 ° C) |
| Umswakama | I-50-80%, i-moisturizing izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngosuku. | Ukufafaza okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. | ||
| Ukunisela | Ukunisela kakhulu kabili ngeviki. | Ukunisela ngokulinganisela njengoba inhlabathi yomile (kanye emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10). | ||
| Ukushisa kwenhlabathi | Akudingeki. | Uma isitshalo sikhula, fudumeza inhlabathi ngama-3-5 degrees ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lamakamelo. | ||
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Gcoba njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Sebenzisa ukugqwala okuphezulu okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesihlahla. | Faka umanyolo womhlaba wonke wezitshalo ezingekho eziqhakaza kanye ngenyanga. Vikela ubukhona be-calcium nosawoti we-magnesium ekugqokeni okuphezulu. | ||
Ngonyaka, i-cicada ikhula ngo-3 cm, yakha isigaba esisodwa samaqabunga. Ngobudlelwano obuhle, imbali ehlala isikhathi eside iyakhula amashumi eminyaka.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni, ukuqedwa kwawo
| Amapharamitha | Izizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Amacembe aphuzi |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu, izakhiwo enyakatho, uhlangothi olusempumalanga, ukugwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Ukunisela ngokulinganisela. |
| Ukulahleka kokubukeka kokuhlobisa | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya | Ukubeka efasiteleni elanga, kwakha ukukhanya okungaphezulu kokufakelwa. |
| Ukuntuleka kokukhula |
| Dala i-substrate elungile kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ama-cicas. Nisela ngamanzi afudumele, angcolile. |
Ukufakelwa: imbiza, inhlabathi, incazelo yezinyathelo-ngezinyathelo, izici
Ukuze kukhule kahle, i-cicasus idinga inhlabathi enobuthi obuncane, enempilo, nenhlabathi. Ubuciko bokuqopha umugqa ophansi uyisihluthulelo sokuchuma kwanoma yisiphi imbali engaphakathi. Sebenzisa izinto zemvelo ngamanani alinganayo:
- sphagnum moss nge udoti wamaqabunga;
- amagxolo kaphayini wezingxenyana ezahlukahlukene - pre-processed, di dig;
- i-pine nutshell - kuvimbela inhlabathi acidization;
- inhlabathi enameva - ukukhanya, okunempilo;
- i-peat - izicebi zezinto ezilandelwayo ezithuthukisa ukwakheka kwanoma yimuphi umhlabathi;
- izingxenyana ezinhle zezitini zezitini;
- isihlabathi somfula wamalahle;
- imvuthuluka yamalahle e-birch.
Ingxube ihlanzelwa inzalo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa (ngokwesibonelo: ku microwave - + 200 ° C, kubhavu wamanzi - + 80 ° C). Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi eyenziwe yenzelwe izihlahla zesundu.
I-Tsikas imbali ekhula kancane. Ngokukhanya komhlaba ongaphansi, okhanyiswe kahle, uzosebenzisa okungenani iminyaka emi-3.
- Susa i-cicada ebhodweni lezokuthutha. Isimo sokukhishwa okuphephile ukomiswa kokuqala kwenhlabathi izinsuku ezimbili.
- Susa inhlabathi yakudala ezimpandeni.
- Misa i-tuber ngaphansi kwesibani se-ultraviolet amahora amabili.
- Thatha imbiza entsha eyenziwe ngopulasitiki obunzima: isitshalo sizohlala kuso iminyaka eminingana. Ukuze uthole i-aeration eyengeziwe, yenza izimbobo ezindongeni eziseceleni.
- Sebenzisa isendlalelo esilungiselelwe, udaka olujwayelekile lwe-drainage aludingeki. Umthamo webhodwe elisha wedlula kancane usayizi walowo owedlule.
- Phansi, beka ungqimba lwe-3 cm. Shiya isibani se-tuberous ngaphezulu kwe-substrate, ngaphandle kokujula emhlabathini, bese usimboza ngomhlaba.
- Kuhle ukuthulula inhlabathi ngokugcwalisa imbiza ngamanzi kuze kufike ezingeni lesisekelo sebhola lezimpande. Vumela umswakama owengeziwe ukhiphe. Ukuchelela okuthe xaxa kufanele kwenziwe njengoba inhlabathi yomisa 3 cm ngokujula. Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele we-osmosis afudumele noma ohlanziwe ngesihlungi.
- Khetha indawo efanelekayo yesitshalo. Okuhle kunakho konke iwindi lasempumalanga. Ubuningi bokukhanya kwelanga kube nomphumela ozuzisayo kukho ngaphandle kokushaywa yimisebe evuthayo yasemini.
Kuyalulekwa ukufakelwa usemncane kakhulu.
Isitshalo esincane singadluliselwa ngokudluliselwa kwengxenye lapho uhlelo lwempande luqala ukukhula. I-tsikasa yabantu abadala iyaphazamiseka ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Ukufakelwa kuvumelekile ezimweni zokukhula kwezimpande zohlelo lokudonsa. Ungafaka imbali ebhodweni lepulasitiki. Njengoba ukhula, sebenzisa isitshalo esinolwazi ngokwanele, esilungele ingaphakathi lekamelo.
Ukuzala
Ezimweni zasendlini, isitshalo asiqhakaza. Ukukhula ama-cicas kusuka kwimbewu kuzothatha izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3. Ama-Florists asakazeka ngezingane ezakhela phansi kwesiqu. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo.
Leli hlumela selilungile uma lifinyelela ku-7 cm.
Inketho enhle ukuthenga isitshalo esidala, intengo yaso efinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-5-7.
Izifo, izilokazane
Inkinga enkulu yabalimi ukuhlukunyezwa kwezitshalo ukubola.
Zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane zidala inkathazo.
| Izici ezinamandla | Izimpawu | Ukuqothula |
| Isihlangu | Ukubukeka engxenyeni engaphansi kwamaqabunga wamathafa amancane ansundu, ngombala onsundu okhanyayo. Amabala ansundu ngokushesha aholela ekufeni. | Hlukanisa imbali. Qoqa izinambuzane. Sula ngotshwala, faka igwebu kusuka kusepha lokuwasha. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, hlela eshawini elifudumele ngaphandle kokuthinta isiqu sesitshalo. Fafaza nge-tincture kagalikhi, upelepele obomvu, i-celandine. Faka ama-insecticides. Yenza izindlela ezintathu zokwelapha ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngazinye. |
| Ukujikeleza | Isifo esijwayelekile sama-cicass. Amaqabunga athola umbala onsundu, ukusonteka, kancane kancane kunciphe. Isikhunta kwenzeka kwi-bump. Imbali iyafa. | Khipha isitshalo, ikhasi bese hlamba izimpande. Phatha ngesixazululo soketshezi lweBordeaux. Tshala emhlabathini omusha oyinyumba. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Ukuvela kwamachashazi amnyama amnyama emaqabungeni. Iwebhu encane izungeza isiqu. Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aqhekeke, awele phansi. | Fafaza isitshalo, usimboze nge-polyethylene, shiya izinsuku ezintathu. Sebenzisa ama-acaricides, u-anyanisi infusions, umhlonyane. |
| I-Mealybug | Ubumba obumhlophe obunjengokotini emacosini. | Fafaza isitshalo ngesibani se-quartz. Sebenzisa ikhambi lensipho, insecticides. |
Isitshalo esihle ngokungajwayelekile siyoba umhlobiso ofanelekayo wanoma yiliphi igumbi. Ekuwusukeni kuyinto engathandeki.
