Kuvaliwe futhi kuvulekile, itshe nezitini, enamafasitela phezu kwalo lonke udonga futhi inombala omude - ama-verandas asenesikhathi eside aguqulwa avela ezakhiweni ezincane ezidlala indima yamakamelo okusebenza abe amakamelo abanzi nawokusebenza. Uma ifiswa, indawo eyengeziwe iba yindawo yokudlela yasehlobo nesiphephelo ngosuku olushisayo, futhi, ngaphansi kokushisa ngokucophelela, ingadi ebusika. Kunzima ukusho kahle ukuthi i-porch kufanele ibe yini: ungakha ngokuphumelela kwakho kokubili ukunwetshwa okunesizotha nehholo lokunethezeka.
Izinhlobo zemiklamo nendawo efanele
I-veranda ayikaze ibhekwe njengesakhiwo esehlukile: iyingxenye yendlu, enamathiselwe esakhiweni esikhulu ngesikhathi sokwakha noma ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile. Imvamisa, ihlanganisa i-facade noma uhlangothi olungaphambili, okungukuthi, odongeni okufakwa kulo umnyango. Ngakho-ke, ukungena endlini, kufanele uqale uye ku-veranda.
Ngokwesiko, izandiso zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- vula - ingxenye engenhla yezindonga ayikho, futhi uphahla luphethwe ngemishayo;
- kuvaliwe - isikhala esingenazindonga siyakhazimula (kwezinye izimo, indawo lapho kufakwa khona ingilazi inqoba indawo yengxenye yokhuni).
Lapho kuklanywa indawo nokubukeka kwesandiso, umuntu kufanele agcine ukuvumelana engqondweni: i-veranda kufanele ihlangane nendlu, ifane nesitayela sayo, yakhiwe ngezinto ezifanayo, futhi ikalwe. Ukuphakama kwekamelo kukhona ama-4-7 m, ububanzi bungamamitha ayi-2,5-,5,5. Indawo encanyana ayanele, futhi enkulu izobukeka inamandla.
Ama-verandas avulekile ahlanganisa umpheme nendawo yokuhlala ehlome kahle. Ifenisha yokhuni, ojantshi, imihlobiso yezimbali yakha ubuzwe, yize empeleni isakhiwo sisemgwaqweni
I-veranda encane embozwe isebenza njengehholo lokungena noma igumbi lokudlela, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Lapha awukwazi ukuhlangana nabavakashi kuphela, kepha futhi ungaxoxa nabo ngenkomishi yetiye, uhleli kamnandi eshlalweni sesihlalo
I-veranda evulekile iyindawo enhle yeholide lasehlobo. Kukhona konke ukuze ube nesikhathi esimnandi: umoya omusha, imvelo, ifenisha entofontofo nesithunzi esongayo
Imvamisa, ngisho namakamelo avaliwe awashisi, ngakho-ke i-veranda ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ngenkathi efudumele. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakha, kubalulekile ukwenza uchungechunge lwezindlela zokuthibela.
Isigaba sokulungiselela: imibhalo nokukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha
Ikusasa kufanele linakekelwe kusengaphambili. Kungenzeka ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa kuzodingeka ukuthi kuthengiswe, kunikelwe noma kuqashiswe indlu yezwe, bese kudingeka amadokhumenti aqinisekisa ubuqiniso balokho kwandiswa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka ukhokhe inhlawulo futhi uthole amaphepha afanayo, kodwa ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ende.
Okokuqala, kufanele uthintane nenhlangano yezokwakha ukuze, ngokusho kwemidwebo enikeziwe, benze umdwebo kanye nohlaka lwesakhiwo esizayo. Kulokhu, akwenzi mehluko ukuthi umpheme wakhiwa kanjani ezweni: ngezandla zakho noma ngosizo lwenhlangano yokwakha. Ngephrojekthi eseqediwe, isicelo, ipasipoti kanye nemibhalo eqinisekisa ubunikazi, kuzofanela uvakashele iziphathimandla eziningana ezibalulekile bese ulinda ukuvunyelwa, emva kwalokho ungaqhubeka nokwakha. Ukuthintwa kokugcina okungokomthetho ukubhaliswa okusha ekhaya lapho usuqedile umsebenzi.
Ngaphambi kokuvakashela inhlangano yokwakha, kufanele udwebe umpheme ohlongozwayo, lapho kufanele ucacise khona ubukhulu kanye nendawo yeminyango namafasitela
Ngaphezu kohlangothi olubhaliwe, kukhona nolwezezimali - ukuthengwa nokulungiswa kwezinto zokwakha. Umgomo oyinhloko ukuhambisana. Isibonelo, uma indlu yakhiwe ngemishayo egayiwe, khona-ke isengezo kufanele senziwe ngokhuni. I-veranda enamathiselwe esakhiweni sezitini kumele yenziwe ngokuphelele noma ingxenye eyenziwe ngezitini. Ukuhlanganiswa okunjengamabhlogo wezitini namagwebu noma izinkuni nokuxhuma akwemukeleki ngokuphelele.
Izigaba eziphambili zokwakha
Enye yezinketho ezilungele ukuzakhela ngokwakho i-veranda yesakhiwo sokhuni sohlobo oluvaliwe. Isisekelo, udonga, ukufulela ophahleni akudingi utshalomali olukhulu lwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokwakha.
Isikimu sezingxenye ze-veranda: 1 - ama-racks; 2 - izinsika zesisekelo; 3 - amahhanisi aphansi; 4 - sokukhipha; 5 - iveni; I-6 - iwindi elikhanyiswe kabili; I-7 - i-lining; 8 - amahhanisi aphezulu.
Ukudweba ngokwakho kwe-veranda kuzosiza ukuhlinzekela noma yiziphi ama-nuances futhi ugweme amaphutha. Isibonelo, inombolo, usayizi nendawo yamayunithi wengilazi kufanele kubalwe kusengaphambili.
Isinyathelo # 1 - ukwakha isisekelo sekholamu
Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ephezulu isusiwe futhi sekumakiwe amamaki, ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo kuqalile. Kuhle uma kuzoba yi-analogue yesisekelo sendlu, kepha lokhu akwenzeki njalo. Okulula kakhulu futhi okusheshayo yikho ongakhetha kukho.
Ekufakweni kwamakholamu, kusetshenziswa izinto zokwakha ezahlukahlukene: isitina esibomvu, isitini esimhlophe esimhlophe, amabhlokhi kakhonkolo, izinsimbi zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe, izakhiwo zekhonkrithi ezenziwe ekhaya
Ukulandelana komsebenzi:
- eceleni komngcele ((empeleni - emakhoneni) wesandiso esizayo, bambe izimbobo zezinsika 1 ukujula;
- imigodi yamatshe amatshe ayisihlabathi ihlelwe phansi yemigodi;
- ukuvimbela amanzi (ibitume);
- yenza isisekelo sikakhonkolo samasentimitha ayi-15;
- faka izinsika zezitini ezenziwe ngokuhlangana okujwayelekile.
Ukuphakama kwezinsika kubalwa kususelwa ekuphakameni kwephansi lendlu. Ukuze kuthi lapho kuphela ukwakhiwa uphahla lwe-veranda lufanane ngaphansi kophahla lwophahla lwesakhiwo, phansi kweveranda kungamamitha angama-30 ukuphansi kunaphansi kwesakhiwo.
Isinyathelo # 2 - ukubeka ifreyimu
Ukwakha ifreyimu eqinile neqinile yokunamathisela izinto zodonga kuyisigaba esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kompheme wokhuni ngezandla zakho. Imichilo ephansi nangaphezulu yenziwa, impahla okuyiyo izingodo (ubukhulu be-12 cm) noma imigqa (8 cm x 8 cm, 10 cm x 10 cm). Ukuxhumana kufakwa “kukhiye oqondile”.
Kungcono ukuqala ukwakhiwa kohlaka lokunwebeka ngezinto ezinegumbi elinamandla ngokwedlulele, kancane kancane kuqhubeke eminye imininingwane - imigqa emile naphezulu
Ukuhlela imingcele ephansi ephindwe kabili, usike izingodo ezingeni le-2nd bese ufaka ama-racks, ahleliwe kubakaki bensimbi namazipho. Engxenyeni engenhla, kuboshwe intambo yesibili bese kufakwa ama-rafter. Amaphethelo angenhla ophahla axhunywe kugongolo olutholakala ngaphansi komthambeko ophahleni lwesakhiwo. Ukuxhuma izinto ezivundlile nama-racks usebenzisa amabhlogo.
Isinyathelo # 3 - ukwakha izindonga nophahla
Ungaphakamisa kanjani izindonga ze-veranda ukuze ifreyimu ikwazi ukumelana nesisindo sesakhiwo? Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izinto zokukhanya ezingatheni - izintambo noma amabhodi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto zokhuni zinezici zalo zokufaka. Isibonelo, ngokuhlelwa okuvundlile kwezinto (okuncono), i-lining ifakwa eduze komucu oya strip, futhi amabhodi agqitshwa.
Uma i-veranda isakhiwa kanyekanye ngokwakhiwa kwendlu, sebenzisa uphahla lonke: ophahleni lwendlu budlula ngokungena ophahleni lwethala
Izinto zokufakelwa ezishisayo zibekwa ngaphakathi, ezithengiswa ngohlobo lwamapuleti noma ama-roll. Umhlobiso wezakhiwo wenziwa kusetshenziswa amaphaneli we-drywall noma ama-chipboard. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa ingaphakathi: ukwakheka kuya ngenhloso ye-veranda.
Ukulungiswa kophahla lwesandiso kunezindlela eziningi, kepha ezithandwa kakhulu luhlobo lophahla lohlobo olulodwa - ezilula ekwenziweni futhi, njengomthetho, kuhlangene kahle nophahla lwendlu. Ama-rafter akhiwe nge-engela: iziphetho ezingaphezulu zihleliwe ngaphansi komgwaqo, ophansi uphumule ezindongeni.
Kunezinketho ezimbili zokuklama uphahla lwophahla lwendlu: kokuqala baboshwe ngamabhodi, okwesibili - bashiywe bevulekile
Njengophahla, sebenzisa lokho okwakusetshenziswa ukuhlomisa ophahleni lwesakhiwo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukuthungwa nombala kuhambisane. Imvamisa, lapho bakha i-veranda ngezandla zabo, basebenzisa impahla okulula ukuyifaka, ngokwesibonelo, amathayili athambile, amathayili wensimbi noma okophahla.
Inqubo yokubeka impahla yophahla:
- amapulangwe aqondiswa emaphethelweni ukuze kutholakale umhlabathi omnyama;
- ukugoqa okwenziwe ngezinto ezifulelwe ngotshani, kulungisa imiphetho ngezipikili;
- ngaphezu kwalokho lungisa umphetho ngojantshi abekwe ebangeni elifanayo ukusuka komunye;
- umphetho ongaphansi wophahla ugoqwe futhi uphiniwe.
Isinyathelo # 4 - ukubumba phansi
Izinto ezinhle kakhulu zephansi yibhodi ephathwe ngokhuni enobukhulu obungu-30 mm.
Lapho ukhetha ithoni yokudweba phansi yokhuni, imvamisa imisa emidwebo we-translucent igcina ukuthungwa kwemvelo kokhuni
Ububanzi bungangahluka, kepha imvamisa kuthatha imikhiqizo cishe 85-120 mm. Amabhodi abekwa izingodo esebenzisa ungqimba olufaka ukushisa. Indawo ephezulu yaphansi kufanele ibe sicaba futhi ibushelelezi. Ingxenye ngayinye iphathwa nge-ejenti evikelayo, kuthi ngemuva kokubekwa ihlanganiswe ngopende noma nge-varnish.
I-veranda evaliwe - izindlu ezigcwele, ezivikelwe ezinkingeni zesimo sezulu. Ngemuva kokucabanga ngangaphakathi elihambisanayo, kungaphendulwa ihhovisi, igumbi lokuphumula, igumbi lokudlela noma igumbi lokudlala lezingane
Izibonelo zevidiyo zokwakhiwa kwalezi zakhiwo
I-veranda yezwe ingakhiwa kusetshenziswa amawindi asevele enziwe kahle anombala ongabili. Ubungako bawo buxhomeke endaweni ephelele yegumbi kanye nobungako bokukhanya. Lapho kukhula ingilazi, kuba lula ukwakhiwa. Okuhle kakhulu ukwakhiwa kweslayidi okwenza sikwazi ukuguqula i-veranda evaliwe ibe yivulekile ngesikhathi esifudumele.
