ICinquefoil isitshalo esinezimbali eziqhamuka emndenini wePink. Sekusabalele kuyo yonke indawo yasenyakatho. Ikakhulu ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo. Ungahlangana ne-cinquefoil emaphethelweni ehlathi nasemanzini amasha. Uhlobo lwayo luningi futhi luhlukahlukene. Njengomphumela wokubuyekezwa kwezigaba zakamuva, inyuke kakhulu. Abamele bayasetshenziswa njengezinto zokuhlanza zemithi, ukuhlobisa isayithi nasekuphekeni. Igama lesayensi - uPotentilla - lingahunyushwa ngokuthi "unamandla, unamandla." Lokhu kuveza ikhono lokunikela ngamandla namandla.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Cinquefoil iyisitshalo saminyaka yonke noma esidalwe ngesimo sokudutshulwa kotshani noma isihlahlana. I-Rhizome eyingqayizivele, enesizotha. Ukuphakama kwezimila kusuka ku-30 cm kuye ku-1.5 m. Amahlumela aqondile, ayenyuka noma akhasa. Lapho uthintana nenhlabathi, izimpande zivela ngokushesha kuzindawo. Amaqabunga we-Petiole anombala oluhlaza okhanyayo noma onsomi oluhlaza okotshani anombala we-cirrus-dissected noma wesundu onemiphetho emihle enamabala.
Izimbali ezincane zigxiliwe emaphethelweni amahlumela ekuthukeni okungatheni, i-corymbose noma i-pseudo-inflorescence. Zikhula futhi zibe zodwa kuma-peduncle amade amile. Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi-Juni. I-corolla ngayinye iqukethe amacembe angama-5 amahhala nenani elikhulu lama-stamens amafushane anama-anthers amakhulu enkabeni. Izimbali ze-cinquefoil zinokuhlobana, imibala yazo ihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ifaka phakathi i-shades ophuzi, owolintshi, opinki, omhlophe. Ama-petals angaba yi-monophonic noma amabili-ithoni.
Ukungcola kwenzeka ngosizo lomoya noma ngezinambuzane. Izithelo ngesimo samantongomane amnyama omnqumo omnyama onendawo ebushelelezi noma eshwabeneyo ivuthwe emavikini ama-3 ngemuva kokucoliswa. Zihlelwe zaba izingcezu eziyi-10-80 ku-achene enoboya noma ebushelelezi enezindonga ezomile, ezacile.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-320 ezitholakala kuyi-genus cinquefoil. Ngokwesiko, kusetshenziswa abambalwa kuphela.
I-cinquefoil imhlophe. Isitshalo se-herbaceous sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-8-25. Iziqu zaso ezimfishane zifihliwe ngamaqabunga amade akhuphuka wesimo esinemiphetho emihlanu. Izingxenye ezingamahlamvu amancane zijikijelwe emthanjeni ophakathi bese zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. NgoMeyi-Juni, kuvela izimbali ezingashadile ezinamabala amakhulu amhlophe. Kamuva, imbewu esekwe njengamaqanda iyavuthwa.
I-cinquefoil iyi-shrubby. Lesi sitshalo esiqinile esivikela iqhwa sisakazeka emahlathini nasezindaweni ezisemahlathini sisuka eNtshonalanga Yurophu siye eCentral Asia. Siwugwadule obukhulu obufika ku-150 cm ukuphakama nobubanzi obuyi-100 cm. Izithombo ezinamakhompiyutha zimbozwe ngamagxolo ansundu kanye namagrey. Amacembe ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu zesimo se-lanceolate esinemiphetho eqinile. Umbala wazo ushintsha usuka kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo ube yisiliva ngenxa yenqwaba eminyene. Ama-corollas olulodwa noma ama-inflorescence ane-petals egolide avulwa ngoJuni. Ububanzi bembali bungamasentimitha ayi-2. Izinhlobo:
- I-Abbotswood - isihlahla esimise umcamelo sifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama ngamahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo kanye nama-inflorescence amhlophe ohlanga;
- IGoldfinger siyisichotho esikhwathikayo esinobubanzi bamamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka kuJuni kuya esiqandisini sokuqala esimbozwe izimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi.
I-cinquefoil yi-goose. I-herbaceous perennial enezithombo ezinwabuzelayo ezingafika ku-80 cm ubude ikhula amaqabunga e-cirrus-dissected openwork. Izigaba ezinamaphethelo weServa zinendawo ebushelelezi ekhanyayo eluhlaza. Ngasemuva zingama-pubescent agcwele ngenqwaba yesilayidi. Ubude be-lobe buyi-2-5 cm, futhi ububanzi bube yi-1-2 cm. Izimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi ezizodwa ezinyaweni ezi-5-15 cm ziyavela ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
I-cinquefoil iqondile. Isikhula esinamaqabunga esihlahla somthi esimila okwesikhashana sikhula sibe ngamahlamvu angama-15-50 cm ubude. Amahlamvu anezici ezinhlanu anama-lobge anobuhlakani obunjengezigaxa asendaweni yawo, futhi kukhula amaqabunga aluhlaza kathathu esiqwini. Izimbali ezi-axillary ezizodwa emaphethelweni amahlumela zidwetshwe ngombala wegolide. Ziqhakaza ngoMeyi nangoSepthemba.
I-cinquefoil yi-silvery. Utshani obungapheliyo obungamamitha ayi-10-30 cm bubonakala ngamahlamvu aminyene (isobho noma inyumbazana). Ngemuva kwamaqabunga kanye ne-petioles kumbozwe ngokugqamile ngenqwaba emhlophe noma yesiliva. Amahlamvu ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezingama-3-7 futhi anokugcwala komhlaba phakathi kwemithambo. NgoJuni-Julayi, kuvela ama-inflorescence e-corymbose aqukethe izimbali ezincane. Amacembe ayindilinga aphuzi ngokukhanyayo.
I-cinquefoil yiNepalese. I-Herbaceous perennial cm 30-50 cm ukuphakama. Ihlala iHimalaya neNepal. Iziqu eziqinile ezinamagatsha anamile zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza wesundu. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ku-Agasti, izimbali ezinkulu ezinkulu (3 cm ubukhulu) ezinama-obovate noma ama-petals omile ngenhliziyo zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene yokuqhakaza kwepinki eziqongweni zezihlumela. Izinhlobo:
- IRoksana - izimbali ze-salmon-orange ezinamachaphaza amnyama amnyama;
- UFloris - emaphethelweni wezinsimbi kukhona amakhorali, futhi phansi kukhona indawo emnyama ebomvu.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-cinquefoil isatshalaliswa ngembewu noma ngokusanhlamvu. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusebenza kakhulu ezitshalweni zezinhlobo, ngoba izici zokuhlukahluka azidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Kuyanconywa ukuthi kutshalwe izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekupheleni kukaMashi, imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ezimbizeni ezinesihlabathi se-peat enhlabathini. Imila ngaphansi kwefilimu emazingeni okushisa + 18 ... + 22 ° C. Lapho kuqala amahlumela, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa. Izithombo zezimbali zenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3.
Izitshalo ezinkulu zingahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningi. Kwenze ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kokubanda. Isihlahla simbiwe ngokuphelele kanti i-rhizome isikwa izigaba ukuze ngamunye abe namaphuzu okukhula angama-1-2. Izindawo zezilayi zifafazwa ngomlotha ochotshoziwe futhi, angavumeli impande ukuba yome, asabalalise i-Delenki emigodini entsha yokutshala.
Umphumela omuhle unikeza ukusikeka. NgoJuni-Julayi, amahlumela aluhlaza acishe abe ngu-15 cm ubude.Amaqabunga aphansi asuswa kuwo, bese umsiki aphathwa ngeKornevin. Ukufakwa emhlabathini kwenziwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, endaweni enomthunzi. Esikhathini esingamaviki angama-2-3, ngenkathi ubhula ubangwa, kunconywa ukumboza izihloko nge-film noma izimbiza zeglasi. Indawo yokukhosela yansuku zonke iyasuswa futhi ifafazwe ngezitshalo.
Njengoba iziqu zingena ngokuzimela ezingxenyeni zokuxhumana nomhlabathi, izinhlobo ezinamahlumela akhinyayo zisakazeka kalula ngokuhlelwa. Kwanele ukulimaza kancane amagxolo bese ufafaza ihlumela ngomhlabathi. Phezulu kwesokunxele ebusweni. Ukubekwa njalo kuniselwa. Inqubo yokubamba imbala ithatha kuze kube inyanga, emva kwalokho isitshalo sihlukaniswe bese sidluliselwa endaweni entsha.
Izici zokutshala nokunakekela
ICinquefoil ikhula kahle endaweni evulekile nelanga evikelwe ilanga elangeni. Uma kukhanya kukhanya kakhulu, khona-ke ama-petals azovuleka futhi alahlekelwe ukukhanga. Emthunzini ojulile, ukukhula kokudubula kuzohamba kancane, futhi ukuqhakaza kungenzeka kungenzeki.
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ibe yikhululekile futhi ivundile, ngokusabela okuncane kwe-alkali. Amalogi ngokungezwa kukalamusi nesihlabathi kufaneleka kahle. Ukutshala imigodi enobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-0,5 kulungiselelwe izitshalo zabantu abadala. Ibanga lincike ezinhlobonhlobo nasezilinganisweni ezingama-50-60 cm. Uhlaka lwezinto zokudonsa amanzi lubekwe phansi komgodi. Isithombo sibekwa ezingeni lentamo yezimpande. Ngemuva kokutshala, i-potentilla iniselwa kakhulu futhi inhlabathi ifakwe ungqimba lweenaliti zokhuni noma izinti.
Indima ebalulekile yesitshalo idlalwa ngokunisela okuningana futhi okuningi. I-cinquefoil ayikubekezeleli ukomiswa komhlabathi, kepha ukungagxili isikhathi eside kwamanzi kuyinto engathandeki. Uketshezi lokunisela kufanele lufudumale. Ungaqoqa kuqala amabhakede amaningana amanzi bese uwashiya elangeni, futhi kusihlwa uwathulule ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Uma kungekho imvula, isigamu sebhakede lamanzi lithululelwa isonto ngalinye ngaphansi kwezitshalo.
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi iyathukululwa ukuze yephule ukugqwala phezu komhlaba futhi ithuthukise i-aeration. Ukhula kufanele futhi lususwe. Izimpande zesitshalo azijulile, ngakho-ke inqubo yenziwa ngokuqapha.
Ukuthuthuka okungcono, i-cinquefoil inconywa ukuthi idliwe njalo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isixazululo sikamanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus sisetshenziswa njalo ngenyanga emhlabathini. Kwesinye isikhathi zithathelwa indawo ngomlotha wezinkuni noma i-mullein.
I-bloodroot idinga ukugunda izinwele njalo. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, susa amahlumela owonakele bese uzacile izindawo eziminyene. Ungakha futhi izihlahla ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kokuthena kwentwasahlobo, amahlumela amaningi azothuthukisa futhi izimbali ziyoba ziningi. Lapho ama-buds ebuna, ayasuswa. Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-4-5, ukugawulwa kokulwa nokuguga kwenziwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngasikhathi sinqamule ingxenye yesithathu yazo zonke izinqubo. Eminyakeni engu-2 elandelayo, amagatsha asele asele azosuswa.
Imibhalo ushunqulwa ekwindla, inhlabathi imbiwe. Ama-perennials abonakala ngokumelana okuhle nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke, awadingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Uma sikhuluma ngezithombo ezincane, khona-ke ebusika bokuqala zimbozwe nge-lutrasil.
Izifo zezitshalo kanye nama-parasites akuvamile ukukhathaza nge-potentilla. Endaweni emanzi kakhulu indawo noma ukuxhumana nesitshalo esinegciwane, ukugqwala, i-Powdery isikhutha noma ukubala kungakhula. Esibonelweni sokuqala sokutheleleka, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa nge-fungicides. Amagatsha agulayo kufanele asikwe futhi abhujiswe. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-scoops ahlala emaqabungeni. Kuzoba lula ukubhekana nazo ngosizo lwama-insecticides.
Ukwakheka nezakhiwo zokwelapha
I-cinquefoil eqondile, i-goose ne-cinquefoil emhlophe isetshenziswa njengomuthi kubantu kanye nasekwelapheni kwendabuko. Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zilungele ukulungiselela i-potions. Imvamisa lungiselela i-decoction, ukumnika utshwala noma itiye.
Le mishanguzo inomphumela onenzuzo emgodini wokugaya ukudla, yenza lula ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis, izilonda zesisu, i-urolithiasis, kanye ne-colitis kanye nesifo sohudo esiyimvelaphi yokutheleleka. I-decoction ye-cinquefoil isiza ngamakhaza nokukhwehlela, ngoba iyi-mucolytic ephumelelayo. Futhi, isitshalo sinomphumela onenzuzo ezinso futhi sinomphumela wokugaya. I-cinquefoil emhlophe icebile ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezisebenzayo, ama-asidi, ama-saponin, ama-flavonoid. I-tincture yotshwala, ngisho nasemithini esemthethweni, ibonwa njengekhambi elisebenzayo lezifo ze-yegilo.
Ngaphandle, i-cinquefoil isetshenziselwa ukudambisa ukushiswa, ukuphulukisa amanxeba okujulisa nokuyeka ukopha. Ngosizo lwayo, lahla ukhunta, i-stomatitis ne-periodontitis. Izidakamizwa zehlisa umfutho wegazi ngempumelelo. Uma ezigulini ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu lokhu kuzoba yinhlanganisela enkulu, khona-ke abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophansi bahlukaniswe ngokwezigaba.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengadi
Ekubunjweni komhlaba, i-cinquefoil isetshenziselwa ukudala ingadi ngesitayela semvelo. Izinhlobo ezingemuva ezingemuva zakha ukhaphethi obukhulu obuluhlaza. Izinhlobo zeShrubbery zingasetshenziselwa ukudala uthango oluhlaza ophansi, imingcele yokwakheka kanye ne-rabatka. Inzuzo izimbali ezinde. Usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ungakha ukwakheka okuhehayo ngemibala ehlukene yamaqabunga nemiqumbe. Futhi, amahlathi asetshenziswa ekutshaleni okukodwa kanye neqembu maphakathi notshani. I-cinquefoil ingahlanganiswa ne-barberry, i-juniper, i-spirea, i-lavender.
