ICosmea isitshalo esinotshani esinotshani obunezimbali eziqhakazile futhi ezinkulu. Ungowomndeni wakwa-Astrov. Emazweni amaningi, imibhede yezimbali ihlotshiswe ngezinhlobiso zokuhlobisa ze-cosmea amakhulu eminyaka, kepha yaqala ukutholwa eCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Shono cosmea ibizwa nangokuthi "i-aster yaseMexico", "cosmos", "umhlobiso", "ubuhle". Lesi sitshalo esingenasisekelo futhi esikhanyayo sisebenziseka kalula kubalimi abangenalwazi noma abamatasa. Ezinye izinhlobo zobusika ziphumelela ngempumelelo ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu, kepha maphakathi neRussia, i-cosmea imvamisa ikhula njengonyaka, ishintsha ukuhlelwa kwayo kwezimbali minyaka yonke.
Incazelo yezitshalo
ICosmea ingca yotshani minyaka yonke noma egcwele iziqu ezicijile, ezinamagatsha amaningi kulo lonke ubude. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha angama-50-150. Amahlumela ambozwe ngesikhumba esimnyama esikhanyayo esinamabala abomvu. Amaqabunga evulekile aphikisayo akhula phezu kwawo, wona, kanye neziqu, akha isihlahla esinamanzi esifana nethambo eluhlaza olunomoya. Isigaba seqabunga esiseduze kwesiqu eside singama-oval ngenqenqemeni ekhonjisiwe noma mncane, efana nezinaliti ezithambile.
Ukuqhakaza kweCosmea kuqala ngoJuni futhi kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yiqhwa lokuqala. Engxenyeni engenhla yezinqubo kukhona i-corymbose noma i-panicrate inflorescence. Imbali ngayinye iyi-inflorescence-basket enobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-6 ukuya kwali-12. Inesikhungo esinoxhaxha sezimbali ezingama-tubular ezinombala omnyama noma omnyama. Ama-anthers aphuzi akhuphuka ngaphezu kwawo. Umongo ungaba isicaba noma uyindilinga. Ihlelwe ngomugqa owodwa noma ngaphezulu wezimbali zomhlanga ezinezimbali zegolide, ezibomvu, ezimhlophe, ezipinki noma onsomi. Ama-petals imbali yomhlanga angakhula ndawonye kuseyili osezingeni eliphansi noma akha insimbi ephelele yokuhlobisa.
Izitshalo zihanjiswa yizinambuzane, emva kwalokho ama-achenes omile avuthiwe. Imbewu emnyama emnyama idonsa ukuhluma kuze kuphele iminyaka emithathu.
Izinhlobo zegadi
Uhlanga lwe-cosmea alunabile kakhulu. Uqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-24. Ngokwesiko, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela eziphambili nenani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa.
ICosmea inezinhlavu kabili. Ingadi ethandwayo yonyaka ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga amancanyana, amdayiphu noma anenalithi oluhlaza okotshani noma umbala we-olive. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo eziqonde kakhulu ezinamagatsha anamandla kungamasentimitha angama-80-150. Engxenyeni engenhla yamahlumela, kwakhiwa ama-inflorescence-basket, obubanzi obungamamitha ayi-7-10. Isikhungo se-convex simbozwe ngohlobo lwama-stamens amakhulu aphuzi. Ngasemaphethelweni kunenqwaba yezimbali zomhlanga ezinombala onsomi, opinki, obomvu noma omhlophe qhwa. I-petal emincane emugqa ine-wavy noma umphetho oyindilinga. Izinhlobo:
- AmaPuritas - umoba wefilatini uphela ngezimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa ezinamabala abanzi, anxantathu;
- Imisebe - amacembe ahlanganisiwe ayanda aze afike emaphethelweni, akha umbuthano oqinile, eduze nendawo phakathi kwamaphayini kukhona indawo ehlukile.
I-cosmea isibabule eliphuzi. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-thermophilic zinezimpande ezihlotshisiwe ezihlanganisiwe embozwe ngamahlamvu we-cirrus-dissected. Izingxenye zeshidi ngalinye zibanzi. Zipendiwe ngotshani obumnyama. Imifino efinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphothulwa iqedwa yizimbali eziwolintshi ezikhanyayo ububanzi obungafika ku-5 cm. Umsuka mude futhi umgcwele kakhulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili. Siqukethe izimbali ze-tubular zegolide ezinama-anthers ansundu amnyama ngaphezulu. I-inflorescence izungezwe izingxenyeni ezikhanyayo ze-orange ezinqenqemeni lika-wavy. Izinhlobo:
- IBilbo - izimbali ezimbala zegolide ezisawolintshi ziqhakaza ngeziqu ezingaba ngu-50 cm ukuphakama;
- UDeveli - uqhakaza ama-inflorescence abomvu akhanyayo.
ICosmea ibomvu igazi. Izinhlobonhlobo zibukeka zingajwayelekile, ngenxa yezimbali ezinkulu ezinamapholi we-maroon nomsuka ocishe ube mnyama. Ingaphezulu lamaphalishi iyi-matte, njengokungathi i-velvety. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iphunga elimnandi likashokoleti lisakazeka ngaphezu kwesihlahla sezimbali. Ngaphansi kwezimbali ezisesifanekisweni kukhona okuluhlaza okotshani, amaqabunga angenamkhawulo.
Muva nje, kube nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinezimbali eziqhakazayo ezihlangana ngaphansi kwegama terry cosmea. Ehlukanisweni olusemthethweni, leli qembu alimelwe njengezinhlobo ezihlukile. Noma kunjalo, idumile kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Izinhlobo:
- I-Ladybug - isihlahla esifinyelela kuma-blooms amade angama-30 cm anama-inflorescence aphuzi, abomvu noma e-orange onesilinganiso esingaba ngu-7 cm;
- I-sunny Gold - izimbali ezi-yellow try ezikhanyayo ngaphezulu kwehlumela eliphansi le-emerald;
- I-Pink Valley - ama-inflorescence apinki akhanyayo angamasentimitha afinyelela ku-10 cm aqukethe imigqa eminingana, efushiselwa enkabeni yamaphayini.
Ukulima iCosmei
Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ngisho ne-kosmey yonyaka ihlwanyelwa njengonyaka, ngakho-ke, ibhekwa njengendlela engabizi yenzalo yayo yokuzala. Imbewu evunyelwe yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma izithombo ezingakhuli kuqala. Lapho uhlwanyela i-cosmea engadini, izimbali zizoqala ngaphambi kokuphela kukaJulayi. Lapho nje iqhwa selincibilika, lungisa izimbobo ezingashoni. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngamaqembu ama-3-4 ama-pcs. ngebanga elingamasentimitha angama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Zivala zize zijule ngamasentimitha 1. Ngemuva kokutshala inhlabathi iniselwa ngokucophelela. Kamuva, izithombo zinakekelwa njengezitshalo zabantu abadala. Kuphela ekuqaleni, ukuchelela kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungagezi izitshalo ezivela enhlabathini. Izindawo eziminyene kakhulu zincipha kancane.
Ngokukhula endaweni eyodwa, i-cosmea inikeza ukuzala okuningi. Kulokhu, akudingekile ukuwuhlwanyela ngokukhethekile entwasahlobo, ngoba izitshalo ezincane zizovela zodwa. Kwanele ukuzikhipha bese unikeza okutshalekile ngesimo esikufunayo.
Uma uqala ukukhula izithombo, khona-ke izimbali zokuqala ze-cosmea zingabonakala ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kulokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini angajulile ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi-Peat ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaMashi. Bacindezelwa kancane nje enhlabathini ukuze ukukhanya kufinyelele phezulu kwembewu. Amazinga okushisa egumbini kufanele abe + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2. Lapho izithombo zikhula kancane, zidonswa kwelinye ibhokisi elinebanga elingamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Ngemuva kwe-dive, i-cosmea idluliselwa egumbini elinokushisa kuka + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
Ama-perennials angabuye asakazwe yizilimo eziyizigaxa nokusikwa. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zimbiwa ekwindla, zihlukaniswe futhi zigcinwe bonke ubusika egumbini elingaphansi ku-sawdust emanzi. Entwasahlobo batshalwe engadini. Izisiki zisikiwe futhi zigxilile emhlabathini ovulekile phakathi nehlobo.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Izithombo zihanjiswa emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho ingozi yezithelo ezibuya emuva ekugcineni inyamalala. Zonke izinhlobo ze-cosmea azibekezeleli amazinga okushisa amabi, futhi izitshalo ezincane zizwela kakhulu ukubamba okubandayo. Lapho utshala, ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufanele kufike ku-6 cm noma ngaphezulu.
ICosmey itshalwe kangcono endaweni evulekile nelanga. Okusalungiswa okunamandla nezinsimbi zomoya kungaphula iziqu ezondile. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nokudla okunempilo futhi okukhanyayo, ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwamanzi. Izinga lokungathathi hlangothi noma i-acid elincane. Emhlabathini ovundile kakhulu, okuluhlaza okotshani kuzoba ngcono, nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kunciphe.
Izimbobo ezingashoni zilungiselelwe ukutshala ngebanga ngokuya ngobude bezinhlobonhlobo (cishe 30-30 cm). Ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziniselwa kahle. Kumabanga aphezulu, kufanele ucabangele i-garter noma ukusekela. Khathesi manje usungakwazi ukubamba izingiba udonse izinduku. Ukwenza amagatsha aqine abe ngcono, uwafake.
ICosmea ayibambi umswakama kahle, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyinisela kaningi nangokuningi. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto, kubekwa amabhakede ka-4-5 ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Umhlaba kufanele ukhululwe njalo ukwephula uqweqwe olungene ngemuva kokunisela. Udinga futhi ukususa ukhula. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukukhula kwazo kuncipha kakhulu ekubuseni kwazo.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngenyanga i-cosmea ivundiswa ngeziqhumisi zezimbali ("Bud"). Isixazululo asithelelwa emhlabathini kuphela ezimpandeni, kepha sishaye phezulu kwamaqabunga. Ukugqokwa okumbalwa noma okunama-organic aphezulu kwenziwa kaningana phakathi nenkathi (i-Agricola, superphosphate, umquba obolile). Umanyolo onjalo uyadingeka kuphela ezinhlabathini eziwohlokile.
Ukuze uqhakaze isikhathi eside, kunconywa ukuthi ngokushesha uzithobe ama-inflorescence awohloka. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzovela ama-buds amasha endaweni yawo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ukuze ulondoloze i-cosmea ebusika, ekugcineni ekwindla, susa ingxenye yomhlabathi iye emhlabathini noma ungashiyi ama-cm ayi-10-15 amahlumela. Zimbozwe ungqimba obukhulu lwamaqabunga awileyo namagatsha e-spruce. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe ukuze amahlumela angadali. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, ingadi yezimbali imbiwe futhi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zisuswa maphakathi nekwindla.
Inzuzo ye-cosmea ukungagugi kwayo okunamandla nokumelana namagciwane. Ngokutshala okuminyene kakhulu, iminenke kanye nama-slugs kwesinye isikhathi kuyaxazululeka. Baqoqwa ngesandla, futhi bahlakazeke emhlabathini njengesithiyo, umlotha kanye nama-egghells aqhobozekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo
Imifino evulekile ye-Openwork kanye nezimbali ezibucayi zibukeka ziheha nje noma kuphi. ICosmey ingafakwa emgwaqweni eceleni kocingo, ekuvinjelweni, engadini yezimbali. Iphunga elicashile le-tart lisakazeka ngamabhasikidi aqhakazile. Ifakwe emithini nasezihlahleni, iphinde itshalwe phakathi kwemibhede yemifino. Endabeni yokugcina, ubuhle babuye bulethe izinzuzo. Ishintsha ingadi ibe yingadi yezimbali futhi ngasikhathi sinye esinamaqabunga obucayi ivikela imifino elangeni elihangulayo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukukhanya okwanele kudlula emaqabunga e-lace.
Embhedeni wezimbali, isitshalo asilona ulaka ngokuphelele. ICosmey ihlanganiswe nama-daisies, i-mallow, iminduze, i-geraniums, i-asters, i-calendula, i-alissum, i-clove, i-salvia noma izinsimbi. Lapho ukhetha indawo nomakhelwane e-flowerbed, umbala wamaphondo nokuphakama kwesitshalo kuyacatshangelwa. Ingatshalwa nezihlahla zezimbali futhi zilethwe egumbini lasebusika.
