Kunzima ukumiselela indawo ephansi ezweni ngesiqandisi: kuphela igumbi elikhethekile eliqukethe amasheya yemifino kanye nezimbiza eziningi zamasaladi, izimbiza namakhethini, ezazilungiswa ngokucophelela ngabesifazane bendlu abashisekayo. Enye yezinketho ezithandwayo ukuthi ungasebenzisi engaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala, kepha ukwakha isela ngezandla zakho eduze kwendlu, wenze isiphetho sangaphandle sangaphandle futhi uhlomise ingaphakathi ngendlela oyithandayo.
Ngabe i-cellar ihluke kanjani kusuka kusitezi esingaphansi?
Imiqondo emibili kufanele ihlukaniswe - indawo ephansi nengaphansi. Igumbi, elitholakala endlini ngaphansi kwesitezi sokuqala, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwenqanaba lomhlaba, livame ukubizwa ngokuthi indawo engaphansi. Indawo yakhona ivame ukulingana nendawo yendlu, ngakho-ke ihlala kalula amayunithi ambalwa okusetshenziswa. Kungahle kube khona ama-pantries (kufaka phakathi isela), igumbi lokubilisa, igumbi lokuhlanza impahla, kanye nokufaka okufudumele okufudumele - igumbi noma ichibi elingeziwe. Inketho evamile igalaji elibanzi elihlanganiswe ne-workshop.
I-cellar inenhloso ethile - isebenza kuphela ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo: ukuvunwa kwehlobo lonyaka noma amasheya asemakhonteni. Lezi zakhiwo zinezindawo eziningi zamashalofu, amashalofu, ama-coasters, kanye nohlelo lokungena komoya kanye nokufakwa okuhleliwe okushisa, okwenza imodi efaneleke kakhulu yokugcina imifino emisha. Kunikezwe imikhiqizo ethile yeqhwa (iqhwa yamahhala yemvelo) kweminye imikhiqizo. I-cellar itholakala kuzo zombili ezingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala, futhi endaweni eseceleni, esakhiweni esigebhekile noma ngaphezulu. Ukwakha isela ezweni ngezandla zakho akukho nzima ukwedlula ukwakha i-gazebo noma indlu yokugeza.
Indawo yokuhlala emahhala - ithuba lokuhlobisa ikhaya ngesakhiwo sokuqala sokwakheka okuhle kakhulu, sibonisa isimo saso sonke isitayela
Ukuhlukumezeka, ukwakheka okungajwayelekile, iminyango esindayo enama-iron hinges nama-bolts - futhi phambi kwethu akuyona indawo elula yasendaweni, kepha izingcezu zenqaba yakudala
Ukwakhiwa okuzimele kwethala elingumngcwabo
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesela lezwe kungcwatshwa uhhafu. Kwenza ukubulala ngasikhathi sinye izinyoni ezimbili ngetshe elilodwa: ukuhlobisa insimu ngesakhiwo sokuqala nokwakha izimo ezifanele zokugcina imifino nezithelo.
Izici zokudizayina zalesi sakhiwo
Isakhiwo sonke sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili zamasayizi ahlukene, esinye sazo singaphezulu kwenhlabathi, esesibili sivele ngokuphelele emhlabathini. Ukujula kwengxenye engezansi kuncike kakhulu kuzinga lamanzi aphansi komhlaba. Uma kuvumela, ukujula kwesitoreji kufinyelela ku-2.3-2.5 m. Ukuphakama kwengxenye ephezulu kuya ngokuthi uya kuphi. Uma lokhu kungukuhlotshiswa nje kokuhlobisa, khona-ke kuncane endaweni futhi kukhawulelwe ukuphakama komnyango wangaphambili olingana nokuphakama komuntu. Uma le ngxenye engenhla idlala indima yekhishi lasehlobo, igumbi lokudlela noma indlu yezivakashi, khona-ke ukuphakama kwephahla kungaba ngo-2,5 m.
Isifiso sokwakha isela elingcwatshwe njengombuso kuvela lapho kungaphansi kwendlu akuhloselwe ukugcinwa kokudla, ngaphezu kwalokho kunesidingo sesakhiwo esingeziwe, isibonelo, ikhishi lasehlobo. Vele, sidinga uhlelo lomsebenzi olunemininingwane kanye nomdwebo wesakhiwo esizayo. Noma yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingasetshenziselwa izindonga zesela, ngoba ukwakhiwa kwalo kuyafana nokwakhiwa kwendlu ejwayelekile en nangaphansi. Njengomthetho, izitini, ukhonkolo, amatshe asetshenziswa, futhi izinkuni zilungele ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba.
Isibonelo esihle sendawo eyakhiwe ngomngcwabo yezwe: indawo encane yamatshe enophahla lwokhuni ikhuphuka ngaphezu komhlaba, futhi isitoreji singaphansi komhlaba
Semi-burial cellar: a - ukubuka okuvela ngaphezulu; b - kumongo; 1 - ungqimba lokufakelwa okushisayo; 2 - qeda ukumiswa; 3 - ungqimba oluphezulu - amathayili; I-4 - umugqa webhitume; I-5 - ukulungiswa ngesikhiya sobumba; 6 - isisekelo
Phansi engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba kuthululelwa ngokhonkolo, ngesinye isikhathi ayeke obumba olubunjiwe. Izinsimbi zokhuni zilungele phansi. Zonke izingxenye zesakhiwo: izindonga, phansi, phansi - zimbozwe ngokufakwa okufudumele okuvela ezintweni zokwenziwa ngcono, isibonelo, igrisi yobumba. Inketho ekahle ukusetshenziswa kokuvinjwa kwamanzi kwesimanje: uvolo lwamaminerali, umgqumo wamabhinca kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-polymer.
I-hatch elula ixhumanisa zombili tiers, ubukhulu bayo bunqunywa kubhekwe ngeziqukathi eziphathwayo - izikhwama, amabhokisi, amabhakede, namathini.
Izitebhisi eziholela esisele zivame ukubukeka njengesitebhisi esijwayelekile. Uma igumbi lomhlabathi lingafudunyezwa ngokwengeziwe, ingxenye engenhla ifakwe nge-hatch
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokwakhiwa kwethala elizimele:
- Ukwakhiwa kuyaqhubeka ngenkathi efudumele.
- Ukuze kwakhiwe isela kuyinto igquma ekahle.
- Okufuneka kuqala imishini yephishi enomoya omncane.
- Izingxenye zokhuni zibuye ziphathwe nge-antiseptic.
- Umnyango wangaphambili utholakala ohlangothini olusenyakatho.
Ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba - isela
Okokuqala udinga ukumba umgodi, okuyingxenye yemitha ohlangothini ngalunye ngaphezu kwephishi. I-Spare 50 cm izokusiza lapho udinga ukufaka amanzi ezindongeni noma ekuxhumaneni. Izindonga zibekwa ngaphandle kwezitini, amabhlokhi kakhonkolo noma amatshe. Uma kusetshenziswa izingodo noma izingodo zokhuni, khona-ke ingxenye ngayinye kufanele iphathwe ngethuluzi elikhethekile lokubola nokubumba. Imvamisa benza isakhiwo sekhonkolo se-monolithic ngesimo sesisekelo: lungiselela ifomula, bakhe uhlobo oluthile lwe-mesh kusuka ekuqiniseni futhi baligcwalise ngodaka lukakhonkolo. Ukuvikela amakhona kanye namajoyina usebenzisa izinto eziphahleni. Ngemuva kokubhidliza ukwakheka, izindonga zihlanganiswa ngokhuni usimende nhlangothi zombili.
Kunesixazululo ukuthi ungalindi kanjani ukomiswa okudala kokhonkolo. Esikhundleni sokuthululwa kwe-monolithic, amashidi we-asbestos-usimende aqiniswe ku-crate yokhuni angasetshenziswa. Ukusuka ngaphandle, isakhiwo esifakiwe kufanele simbozwe nge-bitum mastic.
Udaka lokuvimba ukuvimba amanzi odongeni lwangaphandle luhlukile kunokwejwayelekile: liqukethe isisindo sethamo, okuyinto enhle kakhulu engatholi amanzi.
Ukuvikelwa emanzini asemhlabathini, okwazi ukungezeli nje kuphela umswakama ngaphakathi kwekamelo, kodwa futhi nokubhubhisa izindonga, ungqimba lwamanzi. Iyakwazi ukuxhumana ne-drainage kahle eyebiwe eduze kw sela. Njengoba kusetshenziswa izinto zokudonsa amanzi, udrako, ukulwa ngezitini, itshe elingxenyeni elincane, kusetshenziswa itshe elichotshoziwe.
Uma i-cellar yakhiwa emthambekeni noma emseleni, kubalulekile ukunakekela ukudonswa kwamanzi, isigaxa esincane phezulu egqumeni.
Isisekelo sesakhiwo sivikelwe umgodi ongangeni manzi: uthele ungqimba lwezitini eziphukile noma imfucumfucu, uyihlabe bese uyigcwalisa ngesibilidi esishisayo.
Ukufakwa komoya omncane
Ukuvimbela amagesi ayingozi ukuthi aqongeleleke egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba kanye nomswakama owedlulele kusuka ku-condensation, kuyadingeka ukuhlela umoya omncane - uhlelo lwakudala oluqukethe ipayipi elilodwa. Kufanelekile ipayipi elingabizi kakhulu elinobubanzi obungu-10 cm. Elinye lamaphethelo alo lingena egumbini lapho kugcinwa khona imifino, elesibili - lingene emgwaqweni. Isixazululo esingcono sisho ukuba khona kwamapayipi amabili: elilodwa, elitholakala ngaphansi kophahla, lenzelwe ama-hoods, elesibili, ngaphezulu phansi, lomoya omusha.
Isakhiwo esiphakanyisiwe - isela
Le ngxenye engenhla yakhiwa okokugcina, lapho imishini yendawo yokugcina impahla esephothuliwe igcwaliswe ngokuphelele, kwenziwa inqaba yobumba nokufakwa emuva. Kufanele kube banzi ukwedlula ingxenye engezansi ukuze kuvikeleke ngaphansi komhlaba kusuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi, emvuleni nasekushibeni kweqhwa kusuka ohlangothini olungaphezulu.
Kunezinketho eziningi zokwakha isela - ukusuka kwisaga esincane ukuya egumbini elincane. Uma inhloso yawo eyinhloko ukuvikela i-hatch eholela ngaphansi komhlaba, khona-ke kwanele ukwenza ukuvimbela kahle amanzi nomnyango ofanelekile. Uma uhlela ukwenza igumbi eligcwele ngokuphelele, elifanele ukuhlala njalo, isibonelo, ekhishini lasehlobo, khona-ke ukuthuthuka kuzodingeka kuthathwe njengokubaluleke kakhulu. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlelweni kophahla, ukufakwa okushisayo nokufakelwa odongeni. Isigaba sokugcina sokwakhiwa kwethala lendawo ephathelene nomhlobiso wangaphakathi.
Isela, ngokwengxenye noma ngaphansi komhlaba, ngokwemvelo ligcina izinga lokushisa elifanele lokugcina izitshalo ezintsha nokudla okusemathinini
Umhlobiso wangaphakathi wethala lendawo akuhlanganisi kuphela ukufakwa kwamatshe odongeni noma odongeni, kepha futhi nokufakwa kwama-racks, amabhokisi namabhokisi okugcina izilimo
Idizayini yomoya
Kunemibono eminingi yokwakha isela. Kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuyihlukanisa kusuka ekhishini elijwayelekile le-gazebo noma ekhishini lasehlobo: indlu encane ehlanzekile enamafasitela itholakala eduze kwendlu, futhi akekho ongasho ukuthi ngaphansi kwayo kukhona isitezi esingaphansi esinama-racks ayishumi nambili.
Imvamisa, i-cellar ayisetshenziselwa ukwakha isela, kodwa igumbi elingaphansi komhlaba elingaphansi kwekhishi lasehlobo lilungile futhi liyasebenza.
Izakhiwo eziningi zingabizwa ngokuthi yiphishi. Ukuvela kwabo konke kusikisela ukuthi umnyango ufihla izinto zokudla ezicebile zobusika, futhi mhlawumbe nama-cellular ewayinini. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zihlukaniswa ukwakheka kwazo kwasekuqaleni: ukwakheka ngamabomu ngamabomu, ukumiswa kophahla okungajwayelekile, iminyango ye-oki enamandla.
I-cellar, ezungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngumhlaba, kulula ukuyakha endaweni enqamula isigodi esincane, umgodi noma umgodi owenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Ama-cellars odaka anombhalo obizwa ngokuthi yi-embankment yilona okulula ukuwaqonda: azungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngesithambo sodongwe esimbozwe ngumbala noma ngombhede wezimbali.
