UFreesia - ukutshala nokukhula ekhaya nangaphandle

I-Freesia isitshalo esimangalisayo esinamandla amakhulu omdabu waseNingizimu Afrika, esikhula phakathi kwezihlahlana naseceleni konxweme lwezidumbu zamanzi. Ngenxa yephunga lakhona, libizwa nangokuthi yi-Cape lily yesigodi. Le mbali yathola igama layo ukuhlonipha uFriedrich Frieze - udokotela waseGerman nodokotela wezitshalo. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kuka-200, i-freesia ihlala endaweni ehlonishwayo phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali. Isici se-freesia izimbali zayo ezintekenteke ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, kufaka iphunga elimnandi kakhulu, kunciphisa ukudana futhi kudambise nengcindezi. Amakha amakha amaningi asebenzisa amanothi we-freesia ukudala amakha. Kulula ukukhulisa i-freesia endaweni yangakini noma efasiteleni lefulethi uma wazi ama-nuances athile wokugcina, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele, kodwa futhi nokugcina ama-bulbs walesi sitshalo saphakade esihlala emndenini wakwa-Irisov, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezimbalwa - 20. Ungakhula ukufeza endle evulekile nasekhaya.

Ukukhula kwe-freesia njengesivuno sengadi kanye neplanethi

Abalimi kanye nabathandi bezimbali zasendlini, bebona kuma-freesia athengiswayo, bangazifaki engcupheni yokuthenga kubo, bekholelwa ukuthi lesi yisitshalo esingathandeki esidinga izimo ezikhethekile zokukhula. Kepha kunjalo? Kungenzeka ukuthi kwabaningi kuzoba ukutholakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhule i-freesia ngokwakha izimo ezithile futhi kugcinwe kahle ama bullet unyaka wonke, futhi akukho mehluko lapho ungayikhulisa khona: efasiteleni noma elinembali.

Ukuqhakaza I-Freesia - isitshalo esinamakha

Ngempela, ukuthola isitshalo esiphumelelayo sesitshalo, kudinga umbuso othize wokushisa, kepha efulethini ledolobha nasendaweni evulekile, i-freesia enkabeni yeRussia isuswe ngempumelelo, inika inqwaba eluhlaza futhi ijabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle kakhulu, kufaka iphunga langempela lentwasahlobo.

Inani likaFentsia lilele kuma-peduncle alo acwebezelayo.

Isikhathi sezimbali ze-freesia sincike kuphela osukwini lokutshala. Isibonelo, ukuthola ihlumela lokuqala ngoMashi 8, ama-bulbs kufanele atshalwe ngoDisemba noma ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Kodwa ukuze ujabulele iphunga nemibala egqamile ye-freesia ehlobo, itshalwe emhlabathini kungakashayi u-Ephreli, ngaphambili okhule ebhodweni emazingeni okushisa athile.

Isidlo se-freesia engubeni

Lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo singakwazi ukuhlala kumafasitela akho futhi njengembali engaphakathi isikhashana. Iqiniso ngukuthi inani le-freesia kuma-peduncle alo, kepha amahlamvu kanye nesimo sesitshalo akunakuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele, kufana nokude namahlamvu kagalikhi osemusha, i.e. azikho izimfanelo zokuhlobisa emaqabungeni. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okuhlala inyanga noma ngaphezulu, isitshalo sithatha ifomu elijwayelekile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka, i-freesia ingena esimweni sokuphumula, kanti isibani sayo sivutha ebhodweni, sithola amandla ukuze sijabulise umnikazi waso ngokuqhakaza okusha okumnandi ngesikhathi sokutshala okulandelayo.

Ama-Freesias ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile alungele ukutshala efasiteleni

Izinhlobo zama-freesia nezinhlobo ezithandwayo

Abalimi bavame ukukhula nge-hybrid freesia (i-Freesia hybrida) ezindlini zezimbali noma emabhodweni, ogawulwa ngokuwela i-Armstrong freesia (Freesia Refracta neFreesia armstrongii). Zonke lezi zinhlobo ezi-3 zingabazali bezinhlobo eziningi.

Freesia Armstrong (Freesia armstrongii)

- isitshalo esifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-65-70. Izimbali (ezibomvu, zipinki noma zibomvu) zenziwe bell, zinamakha, ziqoqwe panicles izingcezu 3-5. Ishubhu elimhlophe linamabala aphuzi. Amaqabunga yi-xiphoid, ende. Izinhlobonhlobo zalokhu kuqhakaza kwe-freesia kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni.

Ikhadinali yizinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zalolu hlobo. Izimbali zakwaCardinal zibomvu ngokungaphindeki kabili ngombala ngebala eliphuzi, ukuphakama okungama-70 cm. Amaqabunga angama-xiphoid, ipistil iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amabhuku aphuzi, kanti iminwe emincane ibubende. I-bulb eyodwa endala iphonsa ama-peduncle amathathu, kwesinye sezimbali ezingaba ngu-11.

Listieva Lilia //floristics.info/ru/stati/sadovodstvo/1894-freziya-posadka-i-ukhod-vyrashchivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte.html#s54

UFreesia Cardinal

I-freesia ephuzi ephuzi elinendawo yama-orange

I-Freesia imhlophe, noma ibuye ikhishwe, noma iphukile (i-Freesia Refracta)

ihluke ngezindlela ezincane (azikho ngaphezu kwama-40 cm). Iziqu zincanyana, zisakazeka, i-inflorescence iyisidlakazana lapho izimbali ezi-2-5 zimhlophe noma ziphuzi-e-orange ngombala. Iqhakaza ngo-Ephreli.

- freesia Alba (I-Freesia Refracta var. Alba) - izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinemivimbo ebubende ngokunsomi ophuzi ngaphakathi kwe-pharynx;

- freesia iphunga (I-Freesia Refracta odorata) - i-freesia ephuzi, ku-inflorescence yezimbali ezingama-3-7 ezinendawo ye-orange ezansi. Kuhogela njengomnduze wesigodi.

Listieva Lilia//floristics.info/ru/stati/sadovodstvo/1894-freziya-posadka-i-ukhod-vyrashchivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte.html#s3

Izinhlobonhlobo zeFreesia Alba zimhlophe qhwa

I-Hybrid freesia (i-Freesia hybrida)

kuhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokhokho babo. Isihlahla saso simude (kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1) futhi sinamagatsha aqine kakhulu, amabhulashi aqukethe izimbali ezinkulu (ezinobukhulu obuyi-5-7 cm) izimbali ezinephunga elimnandi le-violet, i-raspberry, eliphuzi kanye neminye imithunzi, zombili zise-monophonic nezithoni ezimbili.

- isigaba IBellina - freesia mhlophe nge-yellowness phansi, nasema-petals ahlanganisiwe. I-pharynx nayo imhlophe, inomucu ophuzi. E-inflorescence kuze kufike kwizimbali eziyi-12,55,5 6.5 cm ubukhulu.I-Peduncle 25-30 cm ukuphakama. Inephunga elimnandi;

- isigaba URose Marie - ama-peduncles angu-20-25 cm ukuphakama, kuma-inflorescence afinyelela ku-7 izimbali eziyi-4.5x4,5 cm crimson ekhanyayo, engxenyeni engezansi imbali - emhlophe ngengozi ye-rasipberry

- isigaba I-Pimperina - Isiqu sezimbali siphansi (15-20 cm), ku-inflorescence size sifike kuzimbali eziyi-6x5,5 cm, ama-petals atholakala kancane, abomvu ngombala anemiphetho ebomvu emnyama. Phansi kwamaphayini kuphuzi ngemivimbo ebomvu. Iphunga alisho lutho.

Listieva Lilia //floristics.info/ru/stati/sadovodstvo/1894-freziya-posadka-i-ukhod-vyrashchivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte.html#s3

Izinhlobo ze-Pimperin zinephunga elibuthakathaka, kepha ukubukeka okumangalisayo kwezimbali

I-Rosemary isiyivelakancane ngokuthengiswa.

Okusajingijolo umthunzi okhanyayo we-freesia wokusika okusajingijolo phansi

Ividiyo: Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-freesia

Zonke izinhlobo ezichaziwe zingaba lula noma ziphindwe kabili. Ama-petals we-freesia elula ahlelwe emgqeni owodwa, kuyilapho ama-petry petals enemigqa emibili noma emithathu. I-Freesia yanoma yiluphi uhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ikhula ngokulinganayo emabhodweni nasebhedeni lezimbali. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokubheka i-freesia ye-distillation ebhodweni, kodwa noma kunjalo kufanelekile ukubheka usayizi. Isibonelo, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-freesia (ephukile) ye-freesia ngenxa ye-peduncle ephansi izobukeka icocekile ebhodweni, futhi engadini, ngokuxhaswa okufanele, uzokuthokozela isikhathi eside ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid freesia nge-peduncle ende nezimbali ezinkulu.

I-Terry freesias yamabanga ahlukene

Izindlela zokusakazeka ezisetshenziselwa ingadi nezimbali zasendlini

I-Freesia isakazeka ngezindlela ezimbili: ama-bulbs endodakazi kanye nembewu. Indlela yokuqala yiyona esheshayo futhi enzima kunayo yokuthola izimbali. Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu nakho kungenzeka, kepha yinde kakhulu futhi inzima.

Izingxenye ezingaphansi komhlaba nangaphansi komhlaba ze-freesia

Izici zokusakazwa kwe-bulb

Izimbali kungukuqala kokuqongelela kwamandla we-bulb ukuze ngokuzayo anikeze "isivuno" esivulekile ngendlela yezimbali. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingane ziqala ukukhula eduze kwe-isibani sikamama - kusuka kusiqeshana esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, isibani sikamama sizalwa kabusha ngokuphelele. Mina. eqinisweni, awutholi isibani esasitshaliwe, kodwa esisha ngokuphelele - sathathelwa indawo. Lapho izimbali ziqala ukulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zazo zokuhlobisa, zidinga ukunqunywa ukuze isitshalo sithumele wonke amandla aso ukwakha ama-bulbs kamama nendodakazi, hhayi ukwakheka kwembewu. Lapho imbali yokugcina isidlulile, isitshalo sishiyelwa ukuphumula elinye isonto, bese siyabhalwa, izihloko zisikwe, zishiywe ukuze zome egumbini elomile nelinomoya ophakeme, bese kuthi njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni lapho kugcinwa khona ama.

Freesia isibani nengane

Izingane zihlukaniswa yisibani sikamama, bese sizibeka ngokwahlukana. Ngonyaka wokuqala, i-anyanisi yendodakazi ngeke inikeze izimbali. Kumele bakhe isisindo. Zitshalwe ephethini elifanayo, njengezinhlamvu zomama, kodwa endaweni ehlukile. Okusho ukuthi, isiza esihlukile sabelwa engadini lapho kutshalwe khona amabhuleki endodakazi. Zihlala emhlabathini kuze kube yilapho iziqalo ziqala ukubuna, kuthi emva kwalokho zibiwe, zigezwe, zifakwe emanzini anosawoti, zomiswe bese zithunyelwa ukuze ziqhubeke, njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi. "Izingane" zivuthwa engadini ngasikhathi sinye nezinhlamvu zikamama. Ukuthola amandla nokukhula ngosayizi, baphenduka ama-bulbs abadala, futhi ngesizini elilandelayo bazonikeza ukuqhakaza okuningana.

Izimbali eziningi ze-freesia engadini ehlobo

Emhlabathini ovaliwe, kwenzeka into efanayo nasencazelweni yokutshala engadini. Umehluko uhlukahluka ngokuya ngemibandela yokutshala kuphela, lowo ozilungiselela amafulethi azenzele yona. Akukho lutho oluhle ukudlula i-freesia eqhakaza ngesikhathi sasebusika-entwasahlobo, ngakho-ke, ukutshala kwama-bulbs kwabantu abadala kufanele kwenzeke ngenyanga ka-Okthoba. Ngasikhathi sinye, amantombazane endodakazi kufanele atshalwe endishini ehlukile, futhi kufanele abhekwe ngendlela efanayo nabantu abadala, ekuqonda ukuthi lapho izinhlamvu zomama ziqala ukuqhakaza ngokugcwele, isitsha sezingane siyogcwaliswa kuphela ngohlaza oluhlaza, oluzoqala kancane ukufutheka (ngasikhathi sinye lapho i-peduncle ibuna khona neziqongo zamabhulethi womama).

Kulesi simo, imbiza enezingane izobukeka

Isikimu esifushane sinyathelo-ngesinyathelo sokuzala kabusha ama-bulbs:

1. Lindela ukuqhakaza kwesibazi sikamama futhi, lapho izimbali zisonteka (zibuna), zinqume.

Isiqu sembali ngemuva kokushiswa kwezimbali

2. Ngemuva kokusula iziqongo (Septhemba-Okthoba), bumba ama-bulbs, uwafake ulayini, ngaphandle kokuphula iziqongo, egumbini elifudumele kodwa elinomoya omuhle wesonto.

Khipha ama-freesia ama-tops

3. Cwecisa amahlamvu kusuka eziqongweni bese uhlukanisa izingane. Baphuma kalula ngeminwe yakho, ngaphandle kokulimaza isibani sikamama. Ukhukhamba kunoma iyiphi fung fung ngokuya ngemiyalo.

Wageza ama-Fenceia Bulbs

4. Shiya kwisitoreji izinyanga ezimbili endaweni efudumele lapho izinga lokushisa lingama-25-30 degrees. Kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo esinjalo i-bud ye-peduncle yakhiwa ku-bulb. Isibonelo, ungafaka ama-bulbs esikhwameni selineni bese uwalengisa eceleni kwebhethri. Hhayi ebhethri ngokwalo, ngaphandle kwalokho amabhuleki azomela ngaphandle, okungukuthi kwipayipi eliseceleni. Phansi ngaphansi kwesikhwama, faka isitsha samanzi, esizokunikeza umswakama odingekile kumabhuleki. Ukushisa okuphezulu (30 degrees) nomswakama ophezulu (70%) yizimo zokugcina eziphambili.

Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukufudumeza ama-freesia bulbs, ubalungiselela ukugcinwa okwengeziwe

5. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungahambisa ama-bulbs esitsheni esivulekile, iphepha noma esikhwameni selineni ukuze kugcinwe okunye egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lizinza okungenani ngama-degrees angama-20.

Ama-Freesia ama alungiselelwe ukugcinwa

6. Efulethini: Amabhuleki endodakazi atshalwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuLwezi.

Engadini: ukutshala ama endaweni ehlukile engadini ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Uma izinga lokushisa lidlula ama-degrees ayi-17, amaqabunga esitshalo ayanda, ne-peduncle iyancipha, futhi ingahle ingabonakali nakancane. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo kufanele sikhule ngaphambi kokuvela kwe-peduncle (amasonto ayi-5 kusuka ekutshaleni) kupholile, ekukhanyeni nasemswakama ophezulu. Lo mthetho usebenza ekutshalweni kwe-freesia efulethini ebhodweni.

7. Womabili amafulethi nengadi: linda amaqabunga aphenduke aphuzi futhi abambe ama.

8. Phinda izinto: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Manje (emva konyaka) ungavuma ukuqhakaza kwamabhuleki endodakazi.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Bambalwa abantu abaphendukela kule ndlela, ngoba kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuyisebenzisa (kuthatha unyaka ukusuka ekutshaleni imbewu kuya ekubonakaleni kwama-peduncle), kodwa kungenzeka. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ebhodweni kungcono ukufinyaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - isikhathi lapho yonke imvelo ivuka khona.

Imbewu yeFentsia

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanje:

1. NgoMashi, imbewu efakwe emanzini isikhathi esingamahora angama-24, ifafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba ongabi ngamasentimitha amabili ihlwanyelwa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo (noma i-substrate ekhethekile ye-bulbous) engxenyeni enempilo futhi ephakathi nendawo ye-humus, peat nesihlabathi. Imbiza kufanele ibe nemisele emihle yobumba eyandisiwe. I-Freesia ayikubekezeleli ukuqina kwamanzi.

Imbiza egcwele amanzi kanye nomhlaba

2. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu yokunamathela noma ingilazi, sivula kabili ngosuku ukuze kungene umoya omncane kanye nokususwa kwe-condensate. Imbewu kufanele imila ekushiseni kwegumbi ama-20-25 degrees.

Umphumela wegreenhouse utholakala lapho isitsha esinezimbewu ezitshaliwe simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu

3. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi akufanele ivunyelwe ukusula ngokusifafaza isibhamu sokufafaza, kuvame ukufakwa emgqonyeni ngembobo bese kuthi ngemuva kwenyanga isuse ingilazi noma ifilimu ngokuphelele.

Isigaba sokukhetha izithombo ze-freesia

4. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, yonke imbobo izogcwaliswa ngama-greenery, futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuntywila izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha ithangi ebanzi kakhudlwana bese utshala izithombo ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-3-5. UFreesia unamahlumela athambile futhi abuthaka, ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha, udinga ukunemba. Isitsha esinezithombo singafakwa kuvulandi, kepha sivikele emimoyeni yomoya.

Amahlumela wokuqala we-freesia

5. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla lifinyelela ku-10 degrees Celsius, isitsha singeniswa egumbini elifudumele futhi ukuthambisa okuqhubekayo kuyaqhubeka, bondla izithombo kabili ngenyanga nganoma yisiphi isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi sezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokweqile i-freesia - asabela kabi kumanyolo omningi.

Ama-freesia amaningi we-freesia alungele ukuvela kwe-peduncle

6. NgoFebhuwari, i-freesia yokulinda isikhathi eside nokunakekelwa okuphelele izokunikeza ngokuqhakaza nemibala egqamile, kanye nephunga elihle kakhulu nelinobuthakathaka. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi isitshalo esidala sidinga ukusekelwa.

I-freesia egcwele izimbali ebhodweni

7. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, ama-peduncle asikiwe, okushiya isibani sivuthwe ebhodweni. Ukunisela kufanele kuncishiswe, futhi maphakathi nehlobo futhi kumiswe ngokuphelele.

Amabhuleki ngemuva kwezihloko ezinonile

8. Ngo-Agasti, susa ama emhlabathini bese ushiya ukomile, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ukuphoqelela ubusika, la ama angatshalwa ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.

Ama-freesia kuphela anganikeza imibala egqamile yehlobo nephunga lehlobo ebusika obandayo

I-freesia yengadi: ukutshala ama-bulbs nokunakekelwa kwesizini

Akunangqondo ye-freesia yangaphakathi noma engadini. Lesi ngesitshalo esisodwa lapho, lapho izimo ezithile zakhiwa, zingatshalwa zombili ebhodweni nasengadini.

Ukutshala izitshalo nini futhi kanjani

Enkabeni yeRussia, ama-freesia ama atshalwa ekuqaleni noma maphakathi no-Ephreli endaweni lapho kungekho ilanga eliqondile, i.e. emthunzini oyingxenye. UFreesia u-Photophilous (udinga amahora angama-12 akhanyayo ngosuku), kepha ilanga elikhanyayo alibekezeleli. Uma utshala ama-bulbs kamuva, kukhona ingozi yokuthola izinyawo ezibuthakathaka kakhulu noma ungaziboni nhlobo. I-Freesia iyaqhuma, ithole inqwaba eluhlaza bese ibeka isiqu sezimbali ekushiseni kwama-degrees Celsius, kepha izimbali ezinamandla kakhulu kufanele zenzeke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu - ama-25 degrees.

Kuqhakaza i-freesia emhlophe engadini

Abanye abalimi banikela ekuqaleni kokuhluma kwe-freesia ekhaya, ngaphambi kokuba ekugcineni itshalwe embhedeni wezimbali, kepha lesi sinyathelo asidingi kubuchwepheshe bezolimo balesi sitshalo. Ukuqala ukutshala, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlanze ama-scales asikali bese ukha amanzi kwisisombululo se-potanganum permanganate imizuzu engama-30 (amalitha ama-2 amanzi asepeni likommese) noma noma isiphi isikhunta ngokuya ngemiyalo, ngoba uma lokhu kungenziwa, izitshalo ezindala zingathinteka ngezifo noma izifo zesikhunta. Ama-bulamu alimaze noma anamabala alahliwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ama atshalwe ebhodweni ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari enhlabathini evundile (njengoba abalimi abanolwazi basikisela), noma ngokushesha emhlabathini kungakapheli maphakathi no-Ephreli.

Ukuthathwa kwama bulbu kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate kuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwazo ezifweni zokukhunta nokubola

Ividiyo: kulungiswa ama-freesia bulbs ukuze atshale

Uhlelo lokutshala limi ngokulandelayo: ukujula - 3 cm, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo - 3-5 amasentimitha, ukuhlukaniswa komugqa - amasentimitha ayi-15.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-freesia ayikubekezeleli ukunyamalala kwamanzi, ngakho-ke isitshalo sidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokudonsa okuhle. Ukuze benze lokhu, bahlela umgoqo ongamasentimitha ayi-15 ukujula, basabalalisa ubumba ku-1 ungqimba ngaphansi kwaso, baligcwalise ngomhlabathi onomsoco, babeke u-anyanisi ngezihluma kuso (noma basakaze izitshalo ezivele zihlume ngamahlamvu ngenhlama yomhlaba), bafafaze nomhlaba kuze kube sekupheleni komsele.

Ukutshala i-freesia engamila ngaphambili emhlabathini ovulekile

Ividiyo: kokwehla kwama-freesias emhlabathini ovulekile

Ungayinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimbali

Uma i-freesia itshalwe emhlabathini ovundile, asikho isidingo sokuwudlulisa ngokugqoka okuphezulu - i-freesia ayiphenduli kahle kumanyolo owedlulele, kepha ngemuva kokuvela kwezitshalo izitshalo zidinga ukondliwa nge-ammonium nitrate (amagremu angama-20 ngebhakede lamanzi), bese kuthi uma ifiswa, inikezwe kanye noma kabili ngenyanga Umanyolo wokutshala izimbali.

Ukhula nokutshala kungenye iphuzu elibalulekile ekutshalweni kwe-freesia. Esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nokubonakala kwe-peduncle, i-freesia iniselwa kakhulu. Umhlaba akufanele wome, kepha kufanele kugwenywe ukugwinyiswa kwamanzi.

Izimbali Ezikhulu Zezimbali Engadini

I-Freesia isitshalo esintekenteke, ama-peduncles awo aqhekeka kalula ngaphansi kwesisindo sezimbali, ngenxa yalokho, lapho nje amaqabunga eqala ukuqhekeka, adinga ukuxhaswa ngamawele aseluliwe.

Isibonelo se-Twine for Freesia

Uma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme selikhuphukile emgwaqweni, futhi umswakama womoya wehlile kakhulu, i-freesia ifafazwe isibhamu sokufafaza. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukwenza kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu: amaqabunga kumele abe nesikhathi sokuthola umswakama.

Ukufafaza i-freesia ngokufafaza noma ukufafaza kunikeza isitshalo umswakama ofanele

I-Freesia ingahlaselwa yizifo nezinambuzane eziwuphawu lwe-gladioli: izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-spips, ama-aphid, i-fusarium, ithumba nokubola okuhlukahlukene. Izitshalo ezithinteka ezifweni zokukhunta zisuswa ngokushesha embhedeni wezimbali. Ukubulala amagciwane ekuqaleni kwesitoreji nangaphambi kokutshala kuxazulula zonke lezi zinkinga. Futhi ama-insecticides abhekana nezilokazane zisencane ekutholweni.

Ungasilungiselela kanjani isitshalo ebusika + ukugcinwa kwama-bulbs

Lapho izimbali zilahlwa futhi nezihloko zibhajwe, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa, bese kumiswa ngokuphelele, kusele amaqabunga kuze kube yilapho kuqala isithwathwa emhlabathini (ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba). Maphakathi neRussia, i-freesia ayimelani nobusika emhlabathini. Eningizimu, ama-bulbs angashiyelwa ebusika e-flowerbed, kepha nokho kuyingozi enkulu. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokungazihluphi ngokumba, khona-ke i-freesia kufanele imbozwe ungqimba we-mulch wamasentimitha angama-20 kusuka otshanini noma amaqabunga awile, kodwa lokhu kungenzeka kungasindisi ama-frost kusuka kusihlwa.

Indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokugcina ama bulbs kuze kube isizini elandelayo iwumbile, hlikihla wonke amaqabunga, hlambulula ihora kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum bese ushiya uyomiswa egumbini elomile kuze kufike izinsuku eziyi-5.

Ukubeka ama-freesia bulbs ukuze kugcinwe okunye

Ukuze ama-bhubhu angalahleki emhlabathini, futhi kube lula ukuwasusa lapho, kunendlela eyodwa enobuqili, kodwa elula kakhulu: ama-bulbs atshalwe emabhokisini anezimbobo phezu kobuso bonke, bese ewumbela emhlabathini. Emabhokisini anjalo, izithelo zikawolintshi zilethwa ezitolo ezinkulu. Okokuqala, ngokutshala ama emabhokisini, uzonikeza izitshalo nge-drainage enhle ngokusabalalisa ubumba olwandisiwe ezansi, futhi ungavali inhlabathi ebhlokweni lembali. Okwesibili, ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ibhokisi lisuswa kalula embhedeni wezimbali, futhi ukuthola wonke ama-bulbs kamama nendodakazi kuyo ngeke kube nzima kuze kube ekugcineni.

Usebenzisa isibonelo sama-tulips atshalwe emabhokisini, ungabona ukuthi ama bulbs atshalwa kanjani emabhokisini angcwatshwe emhlabathini

Amabhuleki agcinwa ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-20-25 kanye nomswakama ophezulu (60-70%) - lesi yisimo esibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwesiqu sezimbali esizayo kwi-bulb. Amabibi womama nendodakazi kufanele ahlukaniswe ngokushesha komunye nomunye. I-bulb kamama izonikeza umbala ngesizini ezayo, kanye ne-bulb yendodakazi ngonyaka, kodwa inqobo nje uma itshalwe ngasikhathi sinye nomama, kodwa endaweni ehlukile. Ukuzwa umoya wentwasahlobo ebusika, ingxenye yamabhuleki kamama eqoqwe ingatshalwa ebhodweni elisemafasiteleni abo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphoqelelwa kwentwasahlobo kwe-freesia.

ukuqhakaza freesia ebhodweni efasiteleni

Ukuxazulula izinkinga nge-freesia ekhulayo engadini

I-Freesia inesici esisodwa: kufanele idlule isikhathi eside sokuphumula sezinyanga ezi-3 kumswakama ophezulu kanye namazinga okushisa. Uma lesi simo sephulwa, i-bulb ayitholanga amandla anele, ngakho-ke ngeke ihlume ngokuphelele, futhi lapho isembiwe, ukwakhiwa kwama-anyanisi endodakazi ambalwa kungabonakala.

Isizathu esenza ukuthi i-freesia ingaqhakaze futhi ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa. Futhi isitshalo esinjalo ngeke sisize noma yikuphi ukondla, ukufakelwa noma yini enye. Njengomthetho, abathengisi bagcina ama esiqandisini, ngakho-ke badinga ukufudunyezwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-freesia ngeke iyikhiphe i-peduncle uma okokufaka sekuvele, kodwa kwaba khona isimo sezulu esibi esisheshayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lehle ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius amathathu. Futhi, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu emavikini okuqala ayi-5, i-freesia iyenqaba ukuqhuma. Maphakathi noMeyi sekuyisikhathi sekwephuze sokutshala i-freesia engadini.

Uma amaqabunga e-freesia elala, khona-ke izinga lokushisa emgwaqweni liphezulu kakhulu. Isizathu samathiphu aphuzi nokomisa amaqabunga esitshalo ukunisela ngokweqile noma okwanele. Ngomswakama ophansi, lesi sitshalo sinikeza nesibonakaliso kumathiphu aphuzi amaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lezinto zokugqoka eziphezulu lingasithinti isimo sesitshalo ngendlela engcono kakhulu.

UFreesia ekhaya: ukunakekela imbali ekhula ekhaya efasiteleni

Noma yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ze-freesia zingatshalwa ebhodweni, kepha nokho inzalo ifaneleka kakhulu le njongo. Ukukhulisa isitshalo ebusika okubandakanya ubumsulwa, ukufiphala kanye nemibala yokuhlanya ehlobo kulula kakhulu, ukwazi ukuthobeka okumbalwa.

I-pink freesia ebhodweni iqeda ukudangala kobusika

Ungatshala kanjani i-freesia ebhodweni

Ngaphambi kokutshala i-freesia ebhodweni, ama-bulbu asedlulile esikhathini sokugcinwa kwesimo sokushisa esifanele ayabhekwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuvela kwezifo zokukhunta futhi akwazi ukubekezelela ihora kunoma isiphi isixazululo se-gciwane (isikhunta). Ukufakelwa kwama-freesias nokuqhakaza ngaphakathi endlini kungenza izinkathi ezi-3 ezihlukene: ukuqhakaza okujwayelekile (kusuka maphakathi no-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba); ukuqhakaza kwangaphambili (kusuka maphakathi noMeyi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti); izimbali ezifika sekwedlule isikhathi (kusuka maphakathi no-Novemba kuya maphakathi noFebhuwari).

Izithombo ezincane ze-freesia ebhodweni zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile emasontweni ama-5 okuqala

Ividiyo: freesia ngemuva kwamasonto amabili efikile

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokutshala i-freesia ebhodweni lokuthosa elinobusika:

1. Ngo-Okthoba, ubumba olwandisiwe lubekwa phansi ebhodweni ngaphandle kwezimbobo, kodwa uma ibhodwe linokuvuleka okuhle kokukhipha amanzi ngokweqile, khona-ke lokhu akudingekile.
2. Amabhule atshalwe endaweni eyenziwe ngomswakama eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe lapho kufakwa izinhlamvu noma umhlabathi owenziwe ekhaya kusuka ku-peat, iqabunga, humus nomhlaba we-sod kuya ekujuleni kuka-3 cm kanye nebanga lama-3-5 cm. Asikho isidingo sokumboza imbiza ngefilimu.
3. Beka isitsha esinamabhuleki atshaliwe endaweni enomoya ovulekile lapho izinga lokushisa lingangeqi khona ngama-15 degrees.
4. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, ondle izitshalo ngesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi samaminerali, bese uphinda ukondla kabili ngenyanga.
5. Setha ukusekelwa kwamaqabunga avelayo.
6. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, usike zonke iziqongo bese kancane kancane uyeka ukuthambisa, ushiye ama-bulbs ukuthi uvuthwe.

Ithebula: Izimo zeFentsia kuya ngesizini: ukukhanyisa, umswakama, izinga lokushisa

Izici zokunisela, ukugqoka okuphezulu

UFreesia uzwela ukunisela. Akunakwenzeka ukuyigcwalisa futhi uyigcwalise. Inhlabathi inomswakama njengoba isomile, kodwa ingomile ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukuthulula i-freesia kusuka ngaphansi, ubeke imbiza enezithombo ezincane esitsheni lapho uthele khona amanzi ezansi.

I-Freesia idinga ukondliwa njalo emavikini amabili ngesakhiwo esijwayelekile samaminerali wezimbali. Ukondla kakhulu i-freesia kuyingozi. "Uzotshela" ngakho, akhombise amaqabunga aphuzi.

Isixazululo sezinkinga ezivame ukuvela nge-freesias yangaphakathi: ukwelashwa kwezifo nezinambuzane

Ithebula: izinambuzane eziwuphawu lwe-freesia

Ama-freesia ama-freesia angathintwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo ezibolile noma zesikhunta, zazo ziningi kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme izifo ze-isibani, kwanele ukuzicubungula kumalungiselelo we-antifungal ngemuva kokumba nangaphambi kokutshala, futhi nokususa i-husk kubo nakanjani.

Igalari yezithombe: Izinambuzane ezihlukumeza i-Fenceia

Ithebula: Izifo zeFreesia

Ukwehlulwa kweFusarium nesibazi esibonelweni samablue e-gladioli

Ukubuyekezwa okusebenzisekayo mayelana nokukhula kwe-freesia ebhodweni nasendaweni evulekile

Izifo kanye nezilokazane ku-freesia ziyefana nakwi-gladioli: ama-thrips, ama-aphid, izimbuzane zesigcawu kanye nesibazi, ifusarium nazo zonke izinhlobo zokubola. Izitshalo ezithintekile kumele zisuswe futhi zichithwe, futhi ukugwema zonke lezi zinkathazo, udinga nje ukubulala amagciwane izinambuzane ngaphambi kokuzigcina ngesisombululo esikhanyayo se-potanganum permanganate bese uphinda le nqubo ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngenqubo yokukhula nokuqhakaza, qaphela umbuso kanye nezinga lokunisela: musa ukunisela inhlabathi, kepha ungakuvumeli ukuba kukome.

Listieva Lilia//floristics.info/ru/stati/sadovodstvo/1894-freziya-posadka-i-ukhod-vyrashchivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte.html#s54

Amaphethelo amaqabunga e-freesia angoma futhi aphenduke aphuzi ngenxa yokunisela okunganele noma okweqile (gcina ukukhanya, ngisho nomswakama womhlabathi), kusuka emazingeni okushisa angathandeki nomoya owomile (gcina ukushisa kokuqukethwe kwe-freesia kahle isizini futhi unakekele umswakama). Kunconywa ukunisela i-freesias kusuka ngaphansi (kusuka epanini lamanzi ngokusebenzisa umgodi wokudonsa amanzi) bese ubeka umkhumbi obanzi ngamanzi eduze kwembiza ukuze izitshalo zihlale zithola umswakama ovuthayo.

UZiborova E.Yu.//www.gardenia.ru/quests/quest_390.htm

Ngizokutshela ngesipiliyoni sami, esingakapheleli futhi asiqhakambisi ukuzimbali. Lapha ngaphambili ngibuze umbuzo wokuthi ungatshala kanjani entwasahlobo, noma kunalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokukhethwa kwembiza. Angilindelanga mpendulo futhi ngivele ngiyitshale kulokho obekuyikho. Ngiyitshale endaweni epholile, kukhona imbiza kuvulandi nge-15 gr. Ungcwatshwe u-anyanisi osuvele ukhonkotha nge-primordia yezimpande. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, noma kunjalo, owokuqala - nowokugcina - wakhuphuka. Wabe esomile. Kwenye indawo phakathi kwehlobo ngambheka ukuze ngibheke ukuthi babenqobile ngokuphelele yini nokuthi yini. Kwavela ukuthi anyanisi asendaweni futhi aphelele. Kungenzeka balale. Ngiqale ukufuna imininingwane futhi ngathola ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka ngesitoreji esingafanele. Zidinga izinyanga ezingama-2525 nezingu-2,5 zifakwe kokupholile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaqhakaza noma kuhlume (njengami). Ehlobo nganginisela ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu akudingekile. Nginqume ukuthi ngizokwemba ekwindla, ngihlele ukugcinwa ngokwemithetho, ngitshale entwasahlobo. Njengomphumela, ngawumbela ekwindla, bavele balala ngo-Okthoba kuvulandi elibandayo. Ngesinye isikhathi wabona ukuthi anyanisi aqala ukukhula. Futhi kwadingeka ukuba ngibatshalile, ngibashiye lapho kuvulandi futhi baphinde bapholile. Kwenye indawo ngeviki 4 izingcezu hatch, bese enye ukuhluma 2-100%. Ukuhanjiswa endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo futhi manje ngiyakhula. Khula ngokushesha. Ngibheka okuzokwenzeka ngokulandelayo nokuthi kuzoba yini umphumela.

Ancus//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?p=8363#p8363

Ikhula kahle emhlabathini ovulekile. Bengihlala emgaqweni unyaka wonke. Ibekezelela ukushisa kwesikhashana kanye nesomiso. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingu -3 -5 ° C. Kepha imvamisa kubusika ku + 5-10. E-Belarus, ungatshala emhlabathini ekugcineni kuka-Ephreli. Inhlabathi ilula kakhulu, indawo ikhanya kahle, kepha islayidi sinombala kusuka elangeni eliqondile. Uma ufuna iqhakaze ngaphambili, ungayitshala ebhodweni ngoFebhuwari, bese uyifaka engadini.

Pepino//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?p=8363 # 1183

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwami ​​i-freesia, nginqume umbala neziqu ezomile, ngashiya amabhodwe efasiteleni. Lapho sekuqala ukufudumala emgwaqweni, ngabeka amabhodwe emgwaqweni futhi ngaqala ukunciphisa kancane ukuthambisa, kwathi ngokuphela kukaJuni ngawumisa ngokuphelele. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ngithele inhlabathi kusuka ezimbizeni futhi ngathola ukuthi ebhodweni ngalinye, nginezengezi ezingama-20, engalizomisa ngazifaka egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba kuze kube ngoSepthemba. Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ungaqala ukutshala u-anyanisi futhi ezitsheni ukuze ujabule ngoFebhuwari. iphunga elinobuthi leminduze yesigodi.

Tori//bestrost.ru/zvetuchie/freziy.php

Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha ama. Bengilivila kakhulu, manje ukudla kwami ​​okujabulisayo kuyadla. Ngizofaka ubuthi. UFreesia wehlise ijubane ekukhuleni. Futhi imininingwane emincane kakhulu - ukuthi ama-freesias aqhakaze, adinga ubusika kuma-degree angama-25- 30 ngokukaCelsius izinyanga ezi-3. Ngemuva kokutshala, izinga lokushisa lama-8-10 degrees Celsius liyadingeka okungenani amaviki ambalwa. Qhakaza izinyanga ezintathu emva kokutshala.

ISvetonka//ourflowers.ucoz.ru/forum/60-456-2

IFreesia isitshalo esihle kakhulu abantu abaningi abazihlobanisa nentwasahlobo. Ngeshwa, le mbali izuze udumo njengesitshalo esingathandeki, kepha lo umbono ongelona iqiniso. I-Freesia iyazwela ngempela ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwama-bulbs nokukhula, kepha kungenzeka ukuyikhulisa engadini nasembizeni efasiteleni, ibheka imithetho ethile. Kungcono ukutshala i-freesia engadini ngo-Ephreli, nasentwasahlobo ngo-Okthoba. Ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukujabulela iphunga elide lokuqhakaza kwezimbali nelingasoze lalibaleka lalesi sitshalo esibucayi.