Ukukhetha ama-apula ensimini yakho, kunengqondo ukutshala izihlahla ezinezikhathi ezahlukene zokuvuthwa izithelo ukuze ukwandise isikhathi sesithelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zizobe zihamba nge-pereopyl, ezizoqinisekisa ukubunjwa kwenani elikhulu lezithelo.
Ezinye zazo zizovuthwa eduze kweqhwa eliwela, abanye - engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo.
Enye yezinhlobo ezinhle zokuvuthwa zakuqala i-Gornist apula tree, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda incazelo.
Luhlobo luni olubhekisela
I-Gornist iyinhlobonhlobo yehlobo. Izithelo zawo zifinyelela kubathengi nokuvuthwa okukhishwayo ngesikhathi, kuqala kusukela ngomhlaka wamashumi amabili ka-Agasti.
Zigcinwa isikhathi eside, cishe amasonto amathathu, efanelekayo ukusetshenziswa okusha, futhi nganoma yikuphi ukucubungula.
Leli banga kungokwempi kakhulu futhi ingakhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zezwelapho ubusika bunokushisa okuphansi kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokumelana nesithwathwa, i-Gornist ayiyona ephansi kunezinhlobo ezidumile. Ama-Uralets.
Ungazijwayela nezinye izinhlobo zehlobo zasehlobo zika-Augustus noMelba.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Gornist
Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala kwe-apula nesithelo ngokwayo.
Izihlahla ze-Gornist zanele ubudelapho bencane umqhele we-pyramidal, eminyakeni edlule, umqhele uhlakazekile kuya emaceleni, uthatha ububanzi be-pyramidal.
Amagxolo emagatsheni alula, ama-flakes away. I-Gornis ikhiqiza nge kolchatkah, eqala ukufakwa kusukela eminyakeni emibili.
Amahlumela namaqabunga aphezulu kakhulu, amaqabunga amancane, ngama-petioles amancane, anamathanga amancane ase-styloid, ane-margin encane. Isici sabo siwuhlobo olufakwe emgqeni phakathi kwe-vein central.
Izimbali zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhulu, zifakwe isoso, ezinezikhala ezivaliwe.
Izithelo zikhazimulayo futhi zikhangayo, kodwa encane kunesayizi ephakathi, isisindo esisuka ku-90 kuya ku-110 amagremu, amaqanda ahlotshiswe ngokubikwa kabi.
I-peel ihlanganiswe ne-waxy bloom encane, ithoni yayo eyinhloko iyisiliva, phezu kwayo imivimbo ebomvu ne-orange ne-specks ehlakazekile.
I-saucer ivuliwe, iminyene futhi ingajulile, imfucumfucu imincane, hhayi imfucuza.
Inhliziyo ye-apula i-egg-shaped, amakamelo okuhlwanyela imbewu avulekile. I-pulp inzima, i-grainy, i-cream-colored.
Okuqukethwe ushukela epulp yesithelo sePistol kufinyelela Amaphesenti angu-14futhi ama-acids kuwo ambalwa kakhulu - izinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zinenani elifanayo lama-acids nama-carbohydrate.
Lokhu kunikeza izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zama-apula, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo abahluphekile kakhulu e-ascorbic acid.
Umlando wokuzala
I-Gornist ehlukahlukene ebelethwe ngumfuyi L. A. Kotov eSverdlovsk Ukuhlolwa Kwezemvelo Ukuhlanzwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo I-Cinnamon ezimthende ingxube yempova ethathwe ezimbali ezahlukene Izinhlobo zase-Ural kanye ne-pollination yamahhala elandelayo ye-hybrid ephumela.
Ukusabalalisa ngokusakazwa yizikhungo I-Ural Ephakathi, ngo-2002, zithathwe.
Funda konke mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula ze-Urals.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Isihlahla asizithobeki futhi kakhulu kakhuluNgakho-ke, ngeke abe nezinkinga zokuzivumelanisa nezifunda ezihlukahlukene zezwe.
Ukumelana nokutheleleka kwefungal zingadlala indima ebalulekile ekutshaleni izinhlobo ze-apula yalezi ezihlukahlukene ezindaweni isimo sezulu esincane futhi esiphundulapho izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubola ngokuvamile ziba yisifo sezitshalo zezithelo.
I-apula yemifino ye-Gorno-Altaiskaya nayo ingenakuzithoba, ihlukaniswa nobungqabavu obusika obuhle futhi iyingxenye yezihlobo zasehlobo zama-apula.
Ukuthela
I-Gornist akuyona i-apula esheshayo ekuthuthukiseni uqala ukuthela izithelo eneminyaka engu-4 kuya kwengu-8.
Nokho, kusuka komuthi owodwa omdala ama-khilogram angu-80 wezithelo ezivuthiwe angasuswa. Ukuvuna okuvela endaweni yobukhulu behektare kungafinyelela kuma-90 asebekhulile.
Njengoba izithelo ezivuthiwe eMining Garden zibeka njalo ngonyaka, azikho izikhathi ezikhona ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ze-apula e-fruiting - Isihlahla sokuvuna siletha kancane kancane, ngisho nalapho abanye bengaboni izithelo, kunika umlimi ukuthi asebenzise ama-apula amaningi ajwayelekile.
I-Gornist ukuzimela, njengoba iningi lezitshalo zezitshalo, liyiRosaceae.
Cishe noma yiliphi elinye ihlobo lifanele ukuvota impova. izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezifanayo.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile akudingekile kulezi zihlukahlukene; konke okudingekayo ukuchuma kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu kuyinto enhle, inhlabathi evundile kanye nokwakhiwa komqhele efanele.
Khona-ke isithombo siyothola isikhathi sokugxila ngaphambi kweqhwa, futhi entwasahlobo izofaka isigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, isivele iqine ukuhlala endaweni entsha.
Khetha insimu yokufika kanye nokubala kobukhulu obukhulu bomuthi esizayo.
Isayithi kufanele litshalwe ngokwanele, ngenhlabathi evundile futhi engekho acidified, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akuthandekayo, kunoma yiziphi izihlahla ze-apula.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, cwilisa izimpande zezithombo ngamanzi nge-addition of phytohormones, ususe izimpande ezifile nokulimala.
Ngemva kokuthulula intaba yomhlabathi phansi komgodi wokufika, kudingeka usakaze ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande lomuthi, bese ulumboza ngenhlabathi, uyikhulule ngokukhululekile.
Inhlabathi kufanele ihambise i-hillock encane - emva kokuchelela okuningi, okudingekayo ngemuva kokutshala, kuzohlala.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukungena kwekhola yempande kungalimaza kakhulu insimu futhi kuyibhubhise.
Ngenxa yesihlahla somqhele we-pyramidal udinga ukudala ukusika izihlahla.
Ekuqaleni kokukhula Kudingeka ususe ngokungadingekile amagatsha akhe omzimba, amaqhawe amakhulu, ehamba nge-angle ekhangayo - ngomoya onamandla noma ngaphansi kweqhwa, bangakwazi ukuphumula bese benza isilonda esijulile esihlahleni.
Futhi kubalulekile ukusika izihlahla, ukususwa okwesikhashana kwamagatsha omisiwe kuzokusiza ukugcina umuthi uphilile futhi uvikele ezinambuzane kanye nezifo, okuvela kuwo.
Njengamanye ama-apula, Kudinga ukufaka umanyolo okwanele ngamaminerali noma umanyolo ocebile ku-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Ukuvama kwesingeniso sabo kuxhomeke ekuzaleni kokuqala kanye nesakhiwo se-substrate - kusukela izikhathi kuya ezintathu ngonyaka.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nendlela yokusika umuthi we-apula ehlobo, uma ukuphunyuka kuqala ukukhula futhi kulesi siqephu esinqunyiwe kakade.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Omunye wemfanelo ehlukanisayo kaGornist nguye ukuphikiswa okukhulu kwesikhala.
Ngisho nangenkathi embi, amaqabunga nezithelo ze-apula zihlala zingaguquki.
Kodwa-ke, ukungabi namandla emfucumfuceni akusho ukuthi umuthi uvikeleke ngokuphelele ezinkingeni ezikhethekile ezihlahleni ze-apula - kungangena ekutheleleni izifo ezinambuzane. Izitha zakhe ezimbi kakhulu:
- apple sawfly,
- weevil
- amaqabunga,
- flowerbed
- i-aphid
Ukucubungula izinkuni kuzobasindisa izinambuzane eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukusetshenziswa kwezicupho ezivuthayo zokubhujiswa kwabantu abashayelayo, ukuvimbela ukuhamba kwezinambuzane emagatsheni ebhande.
Ngokunakekelwa kahle, i-Gornist izonikeza umlimi wezithelo zensimu ngokuvuna okukhulu nokuzinzile zezithelo ezisekuqaleni.
Naphezu kokungenawo isikhathi eside sokuphefumula, lezi apula zikulungele kakhulu ukulungiselela ama-juice nama-compotes, angagcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
